New record set for ferroelectric data storage

By Paul Ridden <http://www.gizmag.com/author/paul-ridden/>

*02:05 August 26, 2010*

[image: A Scanning Nonlinear Dielectric Microscope Inset left: shows
topography and electric
dipol...]<http://www.gizmag.com/ferroelectric-data-storage-world-record/16145/picture/119690/>

A Scanning Nonlinear Dielectric Microscope
Inset left: shows topography and electric dipole-moment
Inset right: Example of a ferroelectric information storage
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For most of us, storing and accessing the vast majority of our computer data
involves using either hard disk or solid state drives or perhaps a
combination of both. Each method boasts its own advantages and while the
battle for storage supremacy between the two rages in public, research at
Japan's Tohoku University has revealed another option. Using a pulse
generator to alter the electrical state of tiny dots on a ferroelectric
medium, Kenkou Tanaka and Yasuo Cho have successfully recorded data at
around eight times the density of currently available hard disk drives.

For primary computer data storage at the moment, there are really only two
contenders fighting for public domination. Hard disk drives magnetically
encode data onto spinning platters, which is subsequently read by detecting
those magnetized areas and translating it back into something usable. Solid
state drives work by electronically altering the state of flash memory cells
and then transform all the positive and negative cells into something that
the computer can understand. Although the adoption of solid state drives is
slowly beginning to spread, most of our computer systems still currently use
voluminous spinning disks to store the various pieces of our digital lives.
Another way

Meanwhile, researchers from the Research Institute of Electrical
Communication Tohoku University
<http://www.riec.tohoku.ac.jp/index-e.shtml> have
been looking at other storage methods and have recently disclosed their
findings to the American Institute of Physics <http://www.aip.org/>.
Recording to a ferroelectric substrate, Kenkou Tanaka and Yasuo Cho have
reportedly been successful in achieving a data density of 4 trillion bits
per square inch, a world record for experimental ferroelectric data storage.

The scientists used a Scanning Nonlinear Dielectric Microscope as the
storage and playback apparatus. Writing data involved sending relatively
large voltage pulses through a pulse generator to a 30nm Lithium Tantalate
medium. The tiny cantilever tip of the pulse generator successively alters
the electric polarization and nonlinear dielectric constant of tiny spots on
the ferroelectric medium, where positive voltage pulses represent a "1" data
bit and negative pulses represent "0".

Tanaka and Cho also experimented with various pulse amplitudes and came up
with a method for reducing the incidence of miswritten dots where close
write proximity caused the polarized regions to expand to such an extent
that individual bits were not distinct. Cho said: "We expect this
ferroelectric data storage system to be a candidate to succeed magnetic hard
disk drives or flash memory, at least in applications for which extremely
high data density and small physical volume is required."
Research continues

However, improvements and fine tuning of such things as accuracy and speed
will need to be made before such a storage system can be primed for
commercial development.

In related news, it would appear that existing magnetic technologies are not
going to be superseded without a fight as
Toshiba<http://www.gizmag.com/tag/toshiba/> recently
unveiled a prototype magnetic storage technology capable of cramming 2.5Tb
of data into a square inch.

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