RE: Apple-Crop: organophosphates
Yes, I saw it this morning on NBC Today show. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/ It was the lead story at both 7 and 8 AM http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/37156010/ns/health-kids_and_parenting/ My thought was that is the end of the OPs *** Mark Longstroth MSUE Fruit Educator http://www.canr.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net] On Behalf Of David Doud Sent: Monday, May 17, 2010 7:44 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: organophosphates monday morning reading - it's going to be a long fall talking to people about this "Led by Maryse Bouchard in Montreal, researchers based at the University of Montreal and Harvard University examined the potential relationship between ADHD and exposure to certain toxic pesticides called organophosphates" http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1989564,00.html?xid=rss-topst ories <http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1989564,00.html?xid=rss-tops tories&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+time%2Ftop stories+%28TIME%3A+Top+Stories%29&utm_content=Google+Reader> &utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+time%2Ftopstorie s+%28TIME%3A+Top+Stories%29&utm_content=Google+Reader David Doud grower - Indiana
RE: Apple-Crop: Different sized peach fruitlets- Does size matter?
The larger fruit are always larger. The initial phase of fruit growth is by cell division, so the larger fruit have more cells than the smaller fruit. Later after pit hardening, the fruit grows by cell division, so the larger fruit has the potential to grow more than the smaller fruit since if all the cells doubled in size the larger fruit would grow more because it had more cells to double in size. *** Mark Longstroth MSUE Fruit Educator http://www.canr.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net] On Behalf Of Mark Angermayer Sent: Sunday, May 02, 2010 9:14 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: Different sized peach fruitlets- Does size matter? Re: Apple-Crop: Dodine and captane fungicides applied duriThere is plenty written about distance and placement when hand thinning peaches, but I have a question about the size of different fruitlets. I've heard it claimed that the larger fruitlets on a shoot, will be larger at maturity than the smaller fruitlets on the same shoot. Is there any truth to that, or do the smaller fruitlets "catch up", after the shoot is thinned? In other words, when hand thinning should the smaller fruitlets be automatically discarded because they are small? Mark Angermayer Tubby Fruits Bucyrus KS -- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements . Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content. -- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements . Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
Apple-Crop: Apple trunks, glyphosate and black rot
I visited a grower this fall who asked help in determining what was wrong in several of his apple plantings. He had young trees which were dying a slow death. They had cankers on the trunks, some were basal, some below and some among the scaffold limbs. The grower used a used a mixture of several residual herbicides with glyphosate in the spring and followed up with a band application of glyphosate in the summer for escapes. The sick trees were located in patches that corresponded to poorer sandy ground. the varieties involved were, Cameo, McIntosh, Fuji and Empire on M26 or M9 roots. I suspected that the glyphosate was causing the problem but was at a loss to explain the cankers higher on the trunk and around the scaffolds. Some of the cankers had the papery bark I associate with black rot and the MSU plant diagnostic lab isolated black rot but no other pathogens from samples. My question is what can the grower do to suppress the black rot. Is cutting out all the infected trees his best course? Would a fungicide such as one of the phosphite materials help? Generally the sanitation in his orchards looks very good and he prunes heavily so the trees are open. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements . Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
RE: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch
Good Job Allen. I discussed that type of program Monday with a grower. Other sad fireblight tales. I had a grower who planted RubiJon this spring, which bloomed after normal and now have blossom blight. I suggested cutting back to 2 or 3 nodes above the graft union in an effort to save the rootstock (M26) on any tree that showed any symptoms. He also had a block of Idared on G30 which got fireblight in the fall (leaf hoppers?). He noticed 30 dead trees out of 150 this winter when he pruned but about half the planting has or is collapsing now and he will remove them all. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net]on Behalf Of Allen Teach - Sunrise Orchard Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 1:01 PM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Re: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Gentlemen: I certainly agree with Mark to get rid of the culprit tree yesterday. However, let me relay an experience we had last year. On a five acre block of 3rd leaf Honeycrisp on B9 and CG 16 (tall spindle) we had some blossom blight on very late rat tail bloom and began seeing sporadic shoot blight in late June. I immediately made "ugly stub cuts" on the affected branches, fired up the sprayer and applied Apogee to the entire block. I continued to patrol the block and reapplied the Apogee about 3 weeks later. this is totally unscientific but we were able to avoid a disaster. Granted Honeycrisp/B9-CG 16 is not extremely susceptible but we had the trees set up with water and fertilizer to grow vigorously. Allen Teach Sunrise Orchards Inc. Gays Mills, WI P.S. Let's all dodge the severe weather the next couple of days! - Original Message - From: Axel Kratel To: Apple-Crop Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 11:18 AM Subject: Re: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Mark, that sounds like good advice. Basically, I cut once, that didn't help. I cut again. if it comes back again I will yank out the tree. I do have a question for the group: When fireblight die back shows up as a result of flowers getting rained on, which of these two reasons would cause it: 1) Fireblight is systemic in the tree 2) Fireblight was brought to the tree from an outside vector. Thanks. ---- From: Mark Longstroth To: Apple-Crop Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 7:36:12 AM Subject: RE: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Axel, If I had a 4 year old tree in an orchard of 200 trees with fireblight that bad, I would yank it out of the ground today! In my experience, 4 year old trees with that bad an infection don't survive. It sounds like the bacteria is running faster than you can cut and in my experience it will run very fast in wood back through three year old wood and in a 4 year old tree it is just a short jump to the rootstock. MM111 is rated as moderately resistant and I doubt it will survive with an infected susceptible scion such as you describe. If you inject strep into the tree you might save it or find out that you have a resistant strain in your orchard. Do you really want a source of fireblight in your orchard while you try to save one tree? What are you going to do if you have a storm which spreads the infection to other trees? Get rid of it now while the infection is only in one tree. It is much easier to manage fireblight if you do not have a source in the orchard. I saw fireblight literally destroy hundreds of acres of apple trees in 2000 here in SW Michigan. The industry still has not recovered from that epidemic. ----- Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net]on Behalf Of Axel Kratel Sent: Wednesday, June 17, 2009 12:19 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Dear all, I have an "Ernst Bosch" apple tree on MM111 that has developed a pretty bad case of fireblight. I have over 200 trees and I've never seen fireblight here before, so this is a first for me. Symptoms included the classic die back with the orange colored droplets. I've cut the infected wood, and applied serenade, and I've had to go back twice now to cut more. I've cut back quite far, yet the cuts are still turning orange. I disinfected sheers in b
RE: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch
Yank it out was a poor choice of words. Cut the tree down as soon as possible. The rootstock does not pose a threat right now, but the oozing tissues in the tree do. It is most likely that the fireblight came for an outside source and the bacteria were transported to the trees by bees or another pollinator. I have been looking at fireblight every year since I got this job and if the fireblight were systemic in the tree you probably would have seen the orange shoot tips on current seasons growth earlier in the trees life. I am convinced that sometimes fireblight comes in on the nursery stock occasionally, but if that was the case you probably would have seen these symptoms earlier, not a couple of year's down the line. I see older trees with fireblight that seems to come and go depending on the year and I am convinced that the bacteria is systemic in some older trees. It either has to be systemic or in the margin of active cankers to overwinter for us here in Michigan. A lot depends on how the bloom season goes. There are enough wild apple, crabapple and hawthorn trees about that they could easily maintain the population in overwintering cankers. This year in SW Michigan is instructive. We had relative warm weather just before bloom and a cool bloom period with three warm days in the middle of bloom. We run the Maryblyt model and the predicated bacteria population were only about 50% of what would have triggered and infection on these dates but the other 3 factors, Warm temperatures, wetting event, open blossoms were there. I did not recommend spraying because of the cool temperatures before and the cool temperatures forecast which actually came to be. We began to see blossom blight symptoms in older Jonathan trees about 2 weeks later, too late to have been caused by infection at the very beginning of bloom and too early to be caused by the warm weather we received at the end of bloom. The most likely scenario is that these infections occurred due to the proximity of some flowers to a source of bacteria, most like a canker near the blossom. One grower had not had fireblight in the orchard for several years and another had done an excellent job pruning it out during the winter. It is a frustrating disease that causes constant problems if you have it. I have more fireblight information posted on my website, including a sad picture of a systemic fruit infection on Rome taken Monday. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net]on Behalf Of Axel Kratel Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 12:19 PM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Re: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Mark, that sounds like good advice. Basically, I cut once, that didn't help. I cut again. if it comes back again I will yank out the tree. I do have a question for the group: When fireblight die back shows up as a result of flowers getting rained on, which of these two reasons would cause it: 1) Fireblight is systemic in the tree 2) Fireblight was brought to the tree from an outside vector. Thanks. -- From: Mark Longstroth To: Apple-Crop Sent: Thursday, June 18, 2009 7:36:12 AM Subject: RE: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Axel, If I had a 4 year old tree in an orchard of 200 trees with fireblight that bad, I would yank it out of the ground today! In my experience, 4 year old trees with that bad an infection don't survive. It sounds like the bacteria is running faster than you can cut and in my experience it will run very fast in wood back through three year old wood and in a 4 year old tree it is just a short jump to the rootstock. MM111 is rated as moderately resistant and I doubt it will survive with an infected susceptible scion such as you describe. If you inject strep into the tree you might save it or find out that you have a resistant strain in your orchard. Do you really want a source of fireblight in your orchard while you try to save one tree? What are you going to do if you have a storm which spreads the infection to other trees? Get rid of it now while the infection is only in one tree. It is much easier to manage fireblight if you do not have a source in the orchard. I saw fireblight literally destroy hundreds of acres of apple trees in 2000 here in SW Michigan. The industry still has not recovered from that epidemic. ----- Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -O
RE: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch
Axel, If I had a 4 year old tree in an orchard of 200 trees with fireblight that bad, I would yank it out of the ground today! In my experience, 4 year old trees with that bad an infection don't survive. It sounds like the bacteria is running faster than you can cut and in my experience it will run very fast in wood back through three year old wood and in a 4 year old tree it is just a short jump to the rootstock. MM111 is rated as moderately resistant and I doubt it will survive with an infected susceptible scion such as you describe. If you inject strep into the tree you might save it or find out that you have a resistant strain in your orchard. Do you really want a source of fireblight in your orchard while you try to save one tree? What are you going to do if you have a storm which spreads the infection to other trees? Get rid of it now while the infection is only in one tree. It is much easier to manage fireblight if you do not have a source in the orchard. I saw fireblight literally destroy hundreds of acres of apple trees in 2000 here in SW Michigan. The industry still has not recovered from that epidemic. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:apple-c...@virtualorchard.net]on Behalf Of Axel Kratel Sent: Wednesday, June 17, 2009 12:19 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: Fireblight on Ernst Bosch Dear all, I have an "Ernst Bosch" apple tree on MM111 that has developed a pretty bad case of fireblight. I have over 200 trees and I've never seen fireblight here before, so this is a first for me. Symptoms included the classic die back with the orange colored droplets. I've cut the infected wood, and applied serenade, and I've had to go back twice now to cut more. I've cut back quite far, yet the cuts are still turning orange. I disinfected sheers in between cuts. On the last cuts I've resorted to treating the cuts with hydrogen peroxide, but it seems hopeless. Any hope of saving the tree or should I sacrifice it? It's on it's fourth leaf. I am surprised that this variety is so susceptible. The literature claims it's not especially sensitive to fireblight. Thanks for your advice. I am willing to forgo organic to save a tree, so if there's any sort of systemic treatment that would be possible, I would consider it. Serenade is a good preventative, but it's too late for this tree.
Apple-Crop: Michigan Fruit Crop Advisory Team newsletter posted
The newest MSU Fruit CAT Alert has been posted at http://www.ipmnews.msu.edu/fruit/ Here is SW Michigan we are at full bloom and it looks like a heavy crop. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements . Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
Apple-Crop: Michigan Fruit IPM Newsletter posted
The website for the Michigan Fruit (CAT) Crop Alert Team Newsletter has changed It is now http://www.ipmnews.msu.edu/fruit/ The structure of the site has changed a great deal and authors articles are posted as they are received. We are now on a weekly schedule as apple bloom has begun in Southern Michigan. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension Email - longs...@msu.edu http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements . Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
Apple-Crop: SW Michigan Fruit Agent Vacancy Announcement
Michigan State University Extension has an opening for a fruit Extension Educator (Agent) in SW Michigan. Berrien County has as diverse a horticultural industry as any place in the US. The successful candidate would have a great opportunity to build a successful career and get to work with MSU Fruit Team and many intelligent progressive growers in solving industry problems. Please pass this announcement on to anyone who might be interested. The funding status is by annual grant, but this position has been funded by Berrien County for many years, because the fruit industry is so important to the Berrien County economy. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 219 Paw Paw Street, Suite 201 Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-8213 x3 Cell (269) 330-2790 Code-A-Phone (269) 657-8217 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - #1623 POSITION:Extension Educator, Agriculture & Natural Resources, Fruit AoE, Berrien County OFFICE LOCATION:Benton Harbor, MI AVAILABLE:February 1, 2009 APPLICATION DEADLINE:December 14, 2008 STARTING SALARY RANGE:$35,000 - $45,000 commensurate with training/experience. STATUS: This is an annually renewable position funded by a county grant. POSITION DESCRIPTION/QUALIFICATIONS:See attached. APPLICATION PROCEDURE: Apply using the Web Employment Application process at: http://www.msue.msu.edu/jobs FURTHER INFORMATION: Barbara Campbell MSU Southwest Michigan State University Extension 3700 E. Gull Lake Drive Hickory Corners, MI 49060 Phone: 269/671-2444 Fax: 269/671-2409 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Extension Agriculture and Natural Resources Educator Fruit Area of Expertise Berrien County May 2008 Summary Description: Berrien County is the state’s 14th most populous county at 162,453 persons (80% white, 16% African American). (Source: 2000 US Census) The predominant economic segments are manufacturing, agriculture, and service/retail. Berrien County is situated in the most southwestern corner of the state bordering Lake Michigan and the State of Indiana. The moderate temperatures, soils, proximity to markets, and an established agricultural infrastructure combine to make Berrien County one the most diverse horticultural areas east of the Mississippi River. Berrien County ranks second in Michigan for fruit production with 388 farms (17,925 acres) including apples, peaches, tart cherries, and juice and wine grapes. A major Michigan State University horticulture research and demonstration center is located adjacent to the county Extension office. General Responsibilities: Provide leadership and cooperate in planning and delivering effective Extension educational programs in commercial horticulture with emphasis on fruit crops, especially wine grape. Plan, develop, implement and evaluate Extension educational programs that focus on strengthening profitability. 1. Provide research‑based technical and crop management information to farm operators, producers, agri‑business and related industries in the counties. 2. Improve the knowledge and skills of producers and agri‑business personnel in the application of research-proven techniques to their production or marketing situations. 3. Provide program leadership by collaborating with the County Extension Directors, extension educators, Extension Specialists and Area of Expertise (AoE) team members to deliver programs to the horticulture industry in Berrien County. 4. Contribute to the effective use of agricultural resources as a part of overall social, economic, and environmental development in the county. 5. Represent MSU Extension on the USDA County Emergency Board and the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and stay informed on matters that relate to farm commodity and farm chemical safety and security. 6. Develop and support agriculture leadership within the Berrien County agriculture and natural resource community. Specific Responsibilities: 1. Provide Extension leadership in reviewing and assessing the horticulture industry situation in relation to the region, state, nation, and world. Communicate and interact with related commodity groups. 2. Provide leadership to determine priority needs in the horticulture industry in cooperation with local Extension staff and stakeholder groups. Develop advisory group(s) or other structures for program development and input. 3. Provide clientele/producers current and timely technical recommendations applicable to industry through farm visits, one‑to‑one contact, group presentations, newsletters, direct mail, news rele
Apple-Crop: Apple Maturity Testing in Michigan
In Michigan, We use the bloom date and temperatures following bloom model to predict apple harvest. We also test apples for soluble solids and starch conversion to predict storability and help with marketing. You can access this information at http://web1.msue.msu.edu/fruit/ripeapple.htm Our season is about 10 days to two weeks early but some varieties are harvesting out of the normal order. During our weekly conference call we were wondering why, and if the warm summer affected some varieties more than others. Note New Address and Phone Number! - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 219 Paw Paw Street, Suite 201 Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-8213 x3 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - --- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>. Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
RE: Apple-Crop: Fire blight -- a 'burning issue' in 2007
Nice Job John, Give my compliments to Dan. Very complete, lots of good information. Here in SW Michigan we had two good infection periods during bloom, and one maybe at the beginning. The first was during late bloom for mid season varieties, but that is probably where it all started. The second was during late bloom for late varieties Some people have extensive infections, but those who were aggressive seem to have it under control. Growers who were proactive and sprayed ahead of the infection periods got good control and those who tried to control afterwards were hurt. We had a section 18 for gentamycin in four counties where strep resistance is documented. The label required that it be the second spray during bloom so growers who planned on using it went out and sprayed a 'cocktail' of strep and oxy-tetracycline (we have a state section 18 for Mycoshield in apples and pears) for their first bloom spray when conditions where favorable for the disease but generally before MaryBlyt or our Web based system predicted infection so they could use gent if MaryBlyt or Cougar Blight predicted infection. I think it shows that if you are aggressive in controlling the disease, rather than hoping it won't happen to you, you can get ahead of it. Note New Address and Phone Number! ----- Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 219 Paw Paw Street, Suite 201 Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-8213 x3 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Jon Clements Sent: Sunday, July 01, 2007 7:30 PM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: Fire blight -- a 'burning issue' in 2007 Not to sound too much like a documentary, but Dan Cooley and I have made a video on managing fire blight this year and strategies for keeping it at bay in coming years. There are three ways to get the video: YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGDFC38z2Bc Web site: http://www.fruitadvisor.info iTunes: search for 'umass extension fruit specialist' in the iTunes store (Dare I ask if anyone has an HDTV and an AppleTV? Or jee, did anyone buy an iPhone already??? If so, you may know what I am getting at.) We would appreciate your comments, and what you used to watch the video. Note the YouTube version is lowest quality, followed by web site and iTunes. If you still have a dial-up connection, use YouTube. I also understand fire blight has been pretty bad up and down the east coast this year? Even if you don't want to watch the video, what is the scoop? Jon Jon Clements Extension Tree Fruit Specialist UMass Cold Spring Orchard 393 Sabin Street Belchertown, MA 01007 VOICE 413.478.7219 FAX 413.323.0382 IM mrhoneycrisp Skype Name mrhoneycrisp --- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>. Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content. --- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>. Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
Apple-Crop: Frozen Easter
A week ago we were setting record highs in the mid 70s and apricots were in full bloom. Frigid weather arrived on Wednesday with snow and highs near freezing for the next four days. We had low temps in lower 20's with a wind for 6, 8 and 12 hours on successive days. Lows near 20 occurred on Friday and Saturday mornings. Low temperatures were a few degrees higher close to Lake Michigan and the extreme cold did not last as long so they fared better but away from the Lake we got hit hard. We are not wiped out but many fruit crops were damaged by the freeze. It seems obvious to me that the entire eastern half of the nation has been hit hard and that fruit crops here in the east will be scarce, and a lot of growers will be looking to supplement their income. Does anyone south of Michigan have any fruit left? How are things in New York and New Jersey? The MSU Fruit Crop Alert Letter was posted today with initial reports from Michigan http://www.ipm.msu.edu/cat07fruit/f04-10-07.htm - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 801 Hazen Street, Suite A Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-7745 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - --- The 'Apple-Crop' LISTSERV is sponsored by the Virtual Orchard <http://www.virtualorchard.net> and managed by Win Cowgill and Jon Clements <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>. Apple-Crop is not moderated. Therefore, the statements do not represent "official" opinions and the Virtual Orchard takes no responsibility for the content.
RE: Apple-Crop: herbicide strategy
Re: Apple-Crop: herbicide strategyThanks for your response Dave, I had become convinced that something had changed in the commercial formulations of glyphosate. I saw too many trunk canker in orchards where glyphosate alone was used as a stand alone weed treatment. Are you using roundup? had become one of the first questions I would ask when growers called about trunk cankers. - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 801 Hazen Street, Suite A Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-7745 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Dave Rosenberger Sent: Thursday, March 15, 2007 2:02 PM To: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net Cc: Mike Fargione; Deborah Breth; Kevin Iungerman; Kerik Cox; Juliet E. Carroll Subject: Re: Apple-Crop: herbicide strategy Here is a long response to Rick Holmgren's question relating to contact herbicides that might cause basal trunk cankers on apple trees. Concerns about contact herbicides causing basal cankers on apple trees emerged in eastern New York beginning in 2001. We continued to accumulate circumstantial evidence over the next five years that implicated glyphosate as part of the problem. Mike Fargione and I published an article (cited and linked below) outlining some of our observations. Rosenberger, D. A. and Fargione, M. J. 2004. Apple tree deaths attributable to herbicides? Scaffolds Fruit Journal 13(13): 3-5. http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/scafolds/2004/040615.html#diseases. Since that article was published in 2004, I have seen significant acreages of Macoun apple trees destroyed as these basal trunk cankers completely girdled some trees and damaged other trees so severely that they were not longer productive. Other cultivars throughout New York State also showed superficial bark damage that fit the same patterns, but most cultivars were not so severely affected as Macoun. Recently, I've become aware of additional information that may help to further explain our observations. One agrichemical company rep told me that from 2001 through 2005, many manufacturers/formulators of glyphosate modified their original formulations by adding di-ammonium phosphate (or di-ammonium phosphite?) so that these new formulations would work without the addition of surfactant/penetrants that were recommended on the labels of the earlier glyphosate formulations. Apparently the latest glyphosate formulations that were released starting in 2005 moved away from using the di-ammonium salt as an activator. Over the past three months, I have been actively pursuing information on disease control capabilities of the new phosphite fungicides which are absorbed through tree bark and become fully systemic within trees when applied to tree trunks. (This treatment process was developed in California to treat trees for prevention of sudden oak death cause by Phytophthora.) One representative of a phophite manufacturing company told me that these products are highly systemic and will enhance uptake of any other products that are applied with them. This rep said that his company had tested various formulations of phosphites as activators for glyphosate. He said that the phosphites being sold as fungicides are mostly composed of mono-and dipotassium salts of phosphorous acid because the ammonium salts of phosphorous acids sometimes caused phytotoxicity, at least in part because of the ammonium salt's effectiveness as a desiccant. I'm still not certain that I have the correct information on all of the details related to changes in glyphosate formulations. However, it seems possible that the trunk injury that we have observed on Macoun and other trees over the past five years may be attributable to the ammonium salts that were included in glyphosate formulations produced between 2001 and 2005. That would make sense, because I've gone back through my notes for the past 8 years and found no mention of herbicide-related trunk cankers prior to 2001 despite the fact that glyphosate was being used in NY apple orchards for many years before that. Furthermore, if the ammonium salts in those glyphosate formulations contributed to desiccation of the sprayed sections of apple trunks, that desiccation factor would fit perfectly with my earlier hypothesis that something about the glyphosate injury was enabling invasion by Botryosphaeria dothidea, a pathogen known to attack drought-stressed woody plants. The bottom line is that we probably will never be able to prove a glyphosate/trunk canker association because no one has the time, funding, or impetus to do the required research. However, IF the ammonium salts in glyphosate
RE: Apple-Crop: peach borer info
The North Central Region has a clearwing borer guide. A Guide to the Clearwing Borers of the North Central United States 1991. W.H. Taft, D. Smitley and J.W. Snow. North Central Regional Extension Publication NCR-394. Michigan State University Bulletin Office, 30 pages. This guide includes a brief intro to the group and pictures descriptions and a list of hosts of the clearwing borers in the Central US. There is also a lengthy discussion of pheromone blends that attract these moths. I have always found it useful when trying the figure out just what all the wasp mimics in my clearwing borer trap are It can be ordered from the MSU Bulletin office. http://web2.msue.msu.edu/bulletins/intro.cfm On checking the publication I see it was updated in 2004 and is now 36 pages A direct link to the publication info is below http://web2.msue.msu.edu/bulletins/viewitem.cfm?INVKEY=NCR394 - Mark Longstroth SW Michigan District Fruit Educator Van Buren County MSU Extension 801 Hazen Street, Suite A Paw Paw, MI 49079 Bus (269) 657-7745 Fax (269) 657-6678 Email - [EMAIL PROTECTED] Check Out My Webpages http://web1.msue.msu.edu/vanburen/disthort.htm - -Original Message- From: apple-crop@virtualorchard.net [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Peter W. Shearer Sent: Tuesday, January 02, 2007 12:13 PM To: Apple-Crop Subject: Apple-Crop: peach borer info Hi Rick, Happy new year: Please find the reference to that Sesiidae identification guide I spoke about at the National ESA meeting. Thomas D. Eichlin & W. Donald Duckworth. 1988. Moths of America North of Mexico. Fascicle 5.1. Sesioidea, Sesiidae. The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation. Washington. A link to the Wedgewood Entomological Research Foundation is: http://www.wedgefoundation.org/ See you in Ohio soon. Regards, Peter Dr. Peter W. Shearer Extension Specialist in Tree Fruit Entomology Rutgers University Rutgers Agricultural Research & Extension Center 121 Northville Road Bridgeton, NJ 08302-5919 (856) 455-3100 ext. 4110 (856) 455-3133 fax
