[Tutor] cross-compile python?
Hey all, I've started trying to make homebrew programs for my wii the past couple of days, and have found that programming it in c is quite hard. I was wondering how I would go about compiling python for something like this. The wii has a ppc processor, and runs homebrew in the native .elf format. Thanks ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] def_a
it works :D On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 6:40 PM, Alan Gauld <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > "elis aeris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > > > def_a =[ > > ["3.2.2.2.2.2.3.", "0.0.3.2.2.2.2.2.3.0.0.0.", "O"], > > > > ["6.", "0.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.1.0.0.0.", "i"], > > ["6.", "0.0.1.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.0.0.", "!"] > > ] > > > > def returnzero: > >return def_a[2] > > > > what I am trying to do is to write a generic function like this > > > > def returnzero (def_a): > >return def_a > > > > in other words, a generic function that is able to use any list > > assigned to > > it, so that i don't have to write 8 functions just to use 8 > > list,because > > that would be dumb, right? > > Yes it would be dumb. > > Do you have any other questions? > Have you tried the code? Did it work as expected? > > Alan G. > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] def_a
"elis aeris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > def_a =[ > ["3.2.2.2.2.2.3.", "0.0.3.2.2.2.2.2.3.0.0.0.", "O"], > > ["6.", "0.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.1.0.0.0.", "i"], > ["6.", "0.0.1.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.0.0.", "!"] > ] > > def returnzero: >return def_a[2] > > what I am trying to do is to write a generic function like this > > def returnzero (def_a): >return def_a > > in other words, a generic function that is able to use any list > assigned to > it, so that i don't have to write 8 functions just to use 8 > list,because > that would be dumb, right? Yes it would be dumb. Do you have any other questions? Have you tried the code? Did it work as expected? Alan G. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] def_a
def_a =[ ["3.2.2.2.2.2.3.", "0.0.3.2.2.2.2.2.3.0.0.0.", "O"], ["8.1.1.4.", "0.0.2.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.0.0.", "h"], ["1.2.", "0.1.1.1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.", ","], ["2.7.2.", "0.0.3.1.1.1.1.1.3.0.0.0.", "I"], ["5.1.1.4.1.1.4.", "0.0.3.3.3.3.5.0.0.0.0.0.", "m"], ["3.3.3.3.", "0.0.3.1.4.2.2.0.0.0.0.0.", "e"], ["1.3.3.4.", "0.0.3.2.3.1.2.0.0.0.0.0.", "a"], ["5.1.1.4.", "0.0.2.2.2.2.3.0.0.0.0.0.", "n"], ["2.", "0.0.1.1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.", "."], ["7.1.1.1.1.", "0.0.5.1.1.1.1.1.1.0.0.0.", "L"], ["1.5.2.2.", "0.0.2.1.1.1.4.1.0.0.0.0.", "t"], ["3.", "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.1.1.1.0.0.", "'"], ["2.3.3.2.", "0.0.3.1.2.1.3.0.0.0.0.0.", "s"], ["3.3.3.6.", "2.1.3.2.2.2.3.0.0.0.0.0.", "g"], ["3.2.2.3.", "0.0.2.2.2.2.2.0.0.0.0.0.", "o"], ["8.2.2.3.", "0.0.3.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.0.0.", "b"], ["4.1.1.5.", "0.0.3.2.2.2.2.0.0.0.0.0.", "u"], ["6.", "0.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.1.0.0.0.", "i"], ["6.", "0.0.1.0.1.1.1.1.1.0.0.0.", "!"] , ] def returnzero: return def_a[2] this is a simple version of the function i use, and of course in the real version [0] and [1] is used as well. what I am trying to do is to write a generic function like this def returnzero (def_a): return def_a in other words, a generic function that is able to use any list assigned to it, so that i don't have to write 8 functions just to use 8 list,because that would be dumb, right? ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
Tony Cappellini wrote: >> I don't use classmethods so I can't discuss that. For staticmethods, >> suppose I have in foo.py > > Where is the word "staticmethod" in the example below? Where is it used? > This is what I was hoping to see. It would be class Foo(object): @staticmethod def doSomethingRelatedToFoo(): # whatever Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
"elis aeris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > looking back to my first post, it seems to be a little weak. Can you > suggest > something that I could have said? Your first post was downright confusing. Your second post was better because it described what you wanted. You did that by drawing comparison with C++ arrays. In general describe the problem you are trying to solve and show what you think the code might look like and the output you would expect. or like to see. And before posting try a search on google, always including the work Python in the search string. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] returning two values continued
"elis aeris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > def returning (): >a = 1 >b = 2 >return a, b > > > ab = returning() > > > does this work? > > if it does, is ab a tuple of 2 and [0] being a and [1] being b? Try it in the >>> prompt, thats what its there for and will give you an instant answer: >>> def returning(): ... a = 1 ... b = 2 ... return a,b ... >>> ab = returning() >>> print ab (1, 2) >>> print ab[0] 1 >>> print ab[1] 2 >>> Does that answer your question? -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld Give a man a fish and feed him for a day Teach him to fish and you feed him for life ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
"elis aeris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > in c++ i use array[n][n] to store things. > > how do i create an array like that? Please read any tutorial they nearly all cover multi dimensional lists. It is also easy to experiment at the >>> prompt. Just try the obvious thing - create a list of lists. It works as you wouyld expect from C++. People spend a lot of time writing tutorials so that beginners don't need to ask questions like this. And so the tutors don't need to spend a lot of their time answering the same things for every beginner! We are trying to be helpful but you need to help yourself too. It is far quicker to spend some time on a tutorial than to post questions here thenm wait for a reply that answers it. Try building a list of lists. If you have problems come back and show us what you did and what went wrong. Then we can offer specific help. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] from __future__ import division
"Steve Willoughby" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > normal division x/y works just as expected, with one caveat: > remember > that if you divide two *integer* values, you will get an *integer* > division operation yielding an *integer* result. So: It's worth pointing out that although beginners tend to find this behaviour odd it is actually very useful for many types of programming problem(*). That's why the future mechanism includes a new operator to do the older style integer division (*)Some examples include manipulating indices into lists, selecting from limited ranges, dealing with cyclic lists etc. -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] returning two values continued
On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:41 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > def returning (): > a = 1 > b = 2 > return a, b > > > ab = returning() > > > does this work? > I cut and pasted into an interactive Python session: >>> def returning (): ... a = 1 ... b = 2 ... return a, b ... >>> >>> ab = returning() >>> print ab (1, 2) if it does, is ab a tuple of 2 and [0] being a and [1] being b? > >>> print type(ab) >>> print ab[0] 1 >>> print ab[1] 2 I don't know what environment you're using - I use Windows XP. 1 - Start/Run, 'cmd', OK gets me a command prompt. 2 - I type "python" and hit Enter - I have a Python interactive session. 3 - I highlight your code snippet, hit Ctrl-Ins to copy it, then right-click in the Python session and select Paste. Ten seconds down, and there's your answer. Your question was reasonably well thought-out and phrased - you're halfway there. Go the other half - try it yourself as I did, and if there's still something (like an error message) you don't understand, post the code AND the result when you tried it. It only takes an extra minute, and it gets you a LOT more credit here. Cut, Copy, and Paste are your friends. -- www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
"maser" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > Thanks, Andreas. Why do we need to use classmethod/ > staticmethod and where do we need to use them ? Although there are minor technical details where they differ static methods and class methods are nearly identical. The names come from two programming traditions with different names for the same thing. Smalltalk and Lisp etc use class method. Delphi, C++ and Javba use static method. In terms of usage they are both the same and have two basic purposes: 1) As per my earlier response and example to do something to the entire class of objects, either select one instance using some kind of search mechanism - database queries are often coded in class methods, or a count of all instances (perhaps with filters which is similar to a database sel;ect) or it can be conversions of one type/class to another. And this can in turn be a kind of factory method or pseudo constructor. 2) class methods can also be used to provide generic collections of functions, perhaps with some shared data/variables. Booch called these "Class Utilities" in his book. They could for example provide a pseudo object interface to legacy code or provide namespace protection for a commonly used data name. The second form can usually be provided with functions in a module in Python but thats not the case in some other languages. As a practical example of the former consider a client/server application where the client sends requests to the server specifying the class and instance and method of the target object. The interprocess message handler can delegate the message to a class method to look up the instance and in turn call the actual method of the returned instance. This is much lighter weight than using a full blown Object Request Broker but provides a simar level of decoupling and ease of use in the client code. I've built several systems using this pattern and the RPC code hardly changes. Another example is where you need to produce highly dynamic object systems with lots of introspection and varying object structures. This is rarely needed in Python because the built in introspection is so good but in languages like C++ it may be the easiest way of creating new "classes" (not objects) in real time (although in truth these "classes" are restricted to new data members and accessor methods) One practical case using this was a hospital diagniosis system where doctors needed to be able to introduce new subclasses of disease/diagnosis and have these classes merge seamlessly with the base hard coded disease classes. Static methods were used to maintain dictionaries of dictionaries representing the sub classes and their features. These could then be passed to the instances as required and the instances performed a similar kind of attribute access to that used by Python. Its probably worth saying that these kinds of uses are powerful when needed but they are not by any means needed in every program. Although once you use them you tend to find more uses for them than you previously expected! :-) HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:24 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Now I want to talk about this: how should I have asked my Q to let > everyone know what I was looking for? > > looking back to my first post, it seems to be a little weak. Can you > suggest something that I could have said? > Offhand, how about "What's the Python equivalent of a multi-dimensional array?" Speaking only for myself, what bugs me about most of your questions so far is that you don't seem to do any thinking before you hit Send. For a few of your questions, it would have taken you less time/effort to do a three-word Google search than to ask the list; for this one, this list was probably the right place - but thirty seconds of thought about what you really wanted to ask would have made the difference. If you don't know the technical terms( e.g. "array" versus "list", "dictionary", "tuple"), I for one will not bite your head off for it - as long as you make a good-faith effort to express yourself. Most of us who read and answer questions are going to spend at least a couple of minutes, and some thought, on our reply. If it seems that you spent less than that on your question, it can be irritating. Some of us can be downright cranky, but nobody likes to feel disrespected. Just take a minute and think. -- www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
> I don't use classmethods so I can't discuss that. For staticmethods, > suppose I have in foo.py Where is the word "staticmethod" in the example below? Where is it used? This is what I was hoping to see. > > class Foo(object): ># Lots of useful stuff > > > In client.py I have > > from foo import Foo > > # Do interesting things with Foo > > > Now perhaps I need a function > doSomethingRelatedToFoo() > that belongs in foo.py but doesn't have to be an instance method - it is > just a related function. I could make this a module function and change > client.py to read > > from foo import Foo, doSomethingRelatedToFoo > > doSomethingRelatedToFoo() > > > or I could make doSomethingRelatedToFoo a staticmethod, then I don't > have to change the import statement, I can access > doSomethingRelatedToFoo() through the already-imported Foo class: > > Foo.doSomethingRelatedToFoo() > > It's a pretty small difference but I like keeping the import simple and > not having to change it when I add doSomethingRelatedToFoo() to foo.py. > > Kent > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] returning two values continued
def returning (): a = 1 b = 2 return a, b ab = returning() does this work? if it does, is ab a tuple of 2 and [0] being a and [1] being b? ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
Tony Cappellini wrote: > Kent > > Would you show the examples which show where staticmethod & > classmethod are used? Some good discussion here: http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/56ee49c203fd72e2/922f84d9d26662fc?hl=en&lnk=gst&; I don't use classmethods so I can't discuss that. For staticmethods, suppose I have in foo.py class Foo(object): # Lots of useful stuff In client.py I have from foo import Foo # Do interesting things with Foo Now perhaps I need a function doSomethingRelatedToFoo() that belongs in foo.py but doesn't have to be an instance method - it is just a related function. I could make this a module function and change client.py to read from foo import Foo, doSomethingRelatedToFoo doSomethingRelatedToFoo() or I could make doSomethingRelatedToFoo a staticmethod, then I don't have to change the import statement, I can access doSomethingRelatedToFoo() through the already-imported Foo class: Foo.doSomethingRelatedToFoo() It's a pretty small difference but I like keeping the import simple and not having to change it when I add doSomethingRelatedToFoo() to foo.py. Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
thanks for the reply, btw. On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:22 PM, Marc Tompkins <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:16 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > in c++ i use array[n][n] to store things. > > > > how do i create an array like that? > > > > Python doesn't have "arrays". It has tuples, lists, and dictionaries. A > quick Google will tell you the distinctions between them. > > It looks to me like you want to create a list of lists > > > t =[ ["item1", "item2", "item3"], ["itemA", "itemB", "itemC"], ["itemI", > "itemII", "itemIII"] ] > > t[0][0] == "item1" > t[1][1] == "itemB" > t[2][2] == "itemIII" > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:13 PM, bob gailer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > wrote: > > > > > elis aeris wrote: > > > > t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" > > > > print t[0] > > > > > > > > the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I > > > > make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? > > > > > > > > t[n][n] > > > > > > > (1) are you going through the tutorials as requested? > > > (2) please learn how to ask meaningful questions > > > For example t[n][n] does not communicate the outcome you desire. > > > In Python t[n][n] would get you the nth element of the nth element of > > > t. > > > For example if n were 2 you'd get 3. If that is what you want you just > > > answered your own question, as a simple test in the Python interactive > > > window would reveal. > > > > > > Otherwise we can only guess as to what you want and that wastes all of > > > our time! > > > > > > It would be far more effective to show us what the result would look > > > like based on the data you entered into t. > > > > > > PLEASE do as much as you can to solve problems yourself and express > > > questions CLEARLY! > > > > > > -- > > > Bob Gailer > > > 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill, NC > > > > > > > > > > ___ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > > > -- > www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
t =[ ["item1", "item2", "item3"], ["itemA", "itemB", "itemC"], ["itemI", "itemII", "itemIII"] ] yes this is what I am looking for. Now I want to talk about this: how should I have asked my Q to let everyone know what I was looking for? looking back to my first post, it seems to be a little weak. Can you suggest something that I could have said? On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:22 PM, Marc Tompkins <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:16 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > in c++ i use array[n][n] to store things. > > > > how do i create an array like that? > > > > Python doesn't have "arrays". It has tuples, lists, and dictionaries. A > quick Google will tell you the distinctions between them. > > It looks to me like you want to create a list of lists > > > t =[ ["item1", "item2", "item3"], ["itemA", "itemB", "itemC"], ["itemI", > "itemII", "itemIII"] ] > > t[0][0] == "item1" > t[1][1] == "itemB" > t[2][2] == "itemIII" > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:13 PM, bob gailer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > wrote: > > > > > elis aeris wrote: > > > > t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" > > > > print t[0] > > > > > > > > the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I > > > > make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? > > > > > > > > t[n][n] > > > > > > > (1) are you going through the tutorials as requested? > > > (2) please learn how to ask meaningful questions > > > For example t[n][n] does not communicate the outcome you desire. > > > In Python t[n][n] would get you the nth element of the nth element of > > > t. > > > For example if n were 2 you'd get 3. If that is what you want you just > > > answered your own question, as a simple test in the Python interactive > > > window would reveal. > > > > > > Otherwise we can only guess as to what you want and that wastes all of > > > our time! > > > > > > It would be far more effective to show us what the result would look > > > like based on the data you entered into t. > > > > > > PLEASE do as much as you can to solve problems yourself and express > > > questions CLEARLY! > > > > > > -- > > > Bob Gailer > > > 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill, NC > > > > > > > > > > ___ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > > > -- > www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:16 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > in c++ i use array[n][n] to store things. > > how do i create an array like that? > Python doesn't have "arrays". It has tuples, lists, and dictionaries. A quick Google will tell you the distinctions between them. It looks to me like you want to create a list of lists t =[ ["item1", "item2", "item3"], ["itemA", "itemB", "itemC"], ["itemI", "itemII", "itemIII"] ] t[0][0] == "item1" t[1][1] == "itemB" t[2][2] == "itemIII" > > > > > > On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:13 PM, bob gailer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > > elis aeris wrote: > > > t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" > > > print t[0] > > > > > > the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I > > > make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? > > > > > > t[n][n] > > > > > (1) are you going through the tutorials as requested? > > (2) please learn how to ask meaningful questions > > For example t[n][n] does not communicate the outcome you desire. > > In Python t[n][n] would get you the nth element of the nth element of t. > > For example if n were 2 you'd get 3. If that is what you want you just > > answered your own question, as a simple test in the Python interactive > > window would reveal. > > > > Otherwise we can only guess as to what you want and that wastes all of > > our time! > > > > It would be far more effective to show us what the result would look > > like based on the data you entered into t. > > > > PLEASE do as much as you can to solve problems yourself and express > > questions CLEARLY! > > > > -- > > Bob Gailer > > 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill, NC > > > > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > -- www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
in c++ i use array[n][n] to store things. how do i create an array like that? On Sun, Mar 23, 2008 at 4:13 PM, bob gailer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > elis aeris wrote: > > t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" > > print t[0] > > > > the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I > > make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? > > > > t[n][n] > > > (1) are you going through the tutorials as requested? > (2) please learn how to ask meaningful questions > For example t[n][n] does not communicate the outcome you desire. > In Python t[n][n] would get you the nth element of the nth element of t. > For example if n were 2 you'd get 3. If that is what you want you just > answered your own question, as a simple test in the Python interactive > window would reveal. > > Otherwise we can only guess as to what you want and that wastes all of > our time! > > It would be far more effective to show us what the result would look > like based on the data you entered into t. > > PLEASE do as much as you can to solve problems yourself and express > questions CLEARLY! > > -- > Bob Gailer > 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill, NC > > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
elis aeris wrote: > t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" > print t[0] > > the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I > make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? > > t[n][n] > (1) are you going through the tutorials as requested? (2) please learn how to ask meaningful questions For example t[n][n] does not communicate the outcome you desire. In Python t[n][n] would get you the nth element of the nth element of t. For example if n were 2 you'd get 3. If that is what you want you just answered your own question, as a simple test in the Python interactive window would reveal. Otherwise we can only guess as to what you want and that wastes all of our time! It would be far more effective to show us what the result would look like based on the data you entered into t. PLEASE do as much as you can to solve problems yourself and express questions CLEARLY! -- Bob Gailer 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill, NC ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
Kent Would you show the examples which show where staticmethod & classmethod are used? I've often wondered about the usefulness of these myself. Having read many of the popular books on python, none provide a good clear explanation of why or where these should be used, and what the alternatives are (if any). They typically show an extremely terse example of the syntax with little explanation. Message: 7 Date: Sun, 23 Mar 2008 18:26:26 -0400 From: Kent Johnson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ?? To: maser <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Cc: tutor@python.org Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed maser wrote: > Thanks, Andreas. Why do we need to use classmethod/ > staticmethod and where do we need to use them ? I use staticmethods as a convenience to put related functions in the namespace of a class. Perhaps foo.py contains class Foo with staticmethod bar(). In client code I can say from foo import Foo Foo.bar() If bar was a module method it would be from foo import Foo, bar bar() I prefer the former in cases where bar is related to Foo. Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] I am reading the tutorial alright?
t = 12345, 54321, "hello!" print t[0] the way the 3 items are saved and access fits my need, now how do I make t have more than one entry so effectively I get this? t[n][n] ? ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Maybe advanced pexpect question?
Kent Johnson wrote:
> Nathan McBride wrote:
>> I've used pexpect for a few projects and love it. Basically pexpect
>> lets you spawn a program and interact with it from code like you
>> yourself were running it in a console. How would you send the ctrl key?
>
> I don't use pexpect, so I am guessing...
>
> The ctrl key by itself is not a character so you can't send that. ctrl-C
> is a character that is represented in a string as \x03. I expect you
> would send a control character with sendline(), for example to sent
> ctrl-C try
>child.sendline ('\x03')
In recent versions of pexpect (I'm looking at 2.3), 'spawn' objects
include a sendcontrol method which does almost exactly that for cntl-c,
with send instead of sendline.
> Kent
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Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
maser wrote: > Thanks, Andreas. Why do we need to use classmethod/ > staticmethod and where do we need to use them ? I use staticmethods as a convenience to put related functions in the namespace of a class. Perhaps foo.py contains class Foo with staticmethod bar(). In client code I can say from foo import Foo Foo.bar() If bar was a module method it would be from foo import Foo, bar bar() I prefer the former in cases where bar is related to Foo. Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Handling XMLHTTPRequests
Dear all, I am trying to build an extension for the Firefox that will automatically authorize users through KeyNote system. My components are the following: 1. Python implementation of KeyNote. Stand-alone, given some information makes the authorization decision. 2. Firefox Extension: When some events are triggered, an XMLHTTPRequest (XHR) should be sent to the server. 3. *(?)A python script that should handle the XHRs.* 1 and 2 are ready and my difficulties are in 3. I need some conceptual help on the following: - Is it possible a Python script hosted on Apache, accept the XHRs made from Firefox extension's JavaScript? - Can data sent (e.g. XML files) along with the XHR be extracted from my python script and be redirected to the stand-alone Python KeyNote application, as well as getting the result back (i.e. authorization decision)? - Can I define the HTTP response that will be sent back to the browser/client? The important thing is this script to be hosted on an Apache server and not be a stand-alone server. Moreover I would like to avoid the use of CGI and rather use the mod_python. Any help would be really appreciated. -- Regards, Konstantinos ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
One usual usage for classmethods are "alternate" constructors.
Andreas
Am Sonntag, den 23.03.2008, 10:49 -0700 schrieb maser:
> Thanks, Andreas. Why do we need to use classmethod/
> staticmethod and where do we need to use them ?
>
> thanks
> iyer
>
> --- Andreas Kostyrka <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > Well, it's classmethod/staticmethod in truth, @ is
> > the decorator
> > operator:
> >
> > def testdec(func):
> > return {"funcobj": func}
> >
> > class Abc(object):
> > @testdec
> > def method():
> > pass
> >
> > assert isinstance(Abc.method, dict)
> >
> > Basically as you can see above, @X before a function
> > definition takes
> > the function, applies X, and use the result instead.
> >
> > Now, naive Python level implementations of
> > classmethod and staticmethod
> > would be (untested, all typed in the mailer):
> >
> > def classmethod(func):
> > def wrapper(self, *args, **kw):
> > return func(self.__class__, *args, **kw)
> > return wrapper
> >
> > def staticmethod(func):
> > def wrapper(self, *args, **kw):
> > return func(*args, **kw)
> > return wrapper
> >
> > Andreas
> >
> > Am Freitag, den 21.03.2008, 20:08 -0700 schrieb
> > maser:
> > > Hi
> > >
> > > I couldn't find a good resource explaining what
> > > @classmethod and @staticmethod are in python and
> > when,
> > > how these could be used.
> > >
> > > If someone could explain what these are, or point
> > me
> > > to resources that may help, it is appreciated.
> > >
> > > Thanks
> > > iyer
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
>
> > > Be a better friend, newshound, and
> > > know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now.
> >
> http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
> > > ___
> > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> >
>
>
>
>
>
> Be a better friend, newshound, and
> know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now.
> http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
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Description: Dies ist ein digital signierter Nachrichtenteil
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Re: [Tutor] Calling super classs __init__?
Am Mittwoch, den 19.03.2008, 10:36 -0300 schrieb Ricardo Aráoz: > Luciano Ramalho wrote: > > Nowadays the best practice for invoking a method from all superclasses > > (yes, multiple inheritance) is this: > > > > class SubClass(BaseClass): > > def __init__(self, t, *args, **kw): > > super(SubClass, self).__init__(*args, **kw) > > # do something with t > > > > That way you let Python decide which superclasses your SubClass has, > > instead of hard-coding it in several places. > > > > You are actually hard-coding it here too, "class SubClass(BaseClass):" > has "BaseClass" hard-coded. All you do here is hard-code it once instead > of twice. Yes and no. Yes a human has specified the relationships. But you do not have to specify what other baseclasses your class has. This is relevant for multiple inheritence, like: D => B => A D => C => A The problem is mostly hiding implementation details. Using super, you just let Python pick the "next" class to give control. Using B.__init__ and C.__init__, A.__init__ would be called twice. Andreas > > > Cheers, > > > > Luciano > > > > > > On Tue, Mar 18, 2008 at 9:37 PM, John Fouhy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > >> On 19/03/2008, Allen Fowler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > >> > I have a super class that accepts many arguments to it's constructor, > >> and a subclass that should define one additional argument. > >> > > >> > What's the most "pythonic" way to make this work? > >> > >> class BaseClass(object): > >> def __init__(self, x, y, z, foo='foo'): # whatever > >> # etc > >> > >> class SubClass(BaseClass): > >> def __init__(self, t, *args, **kw): > >> BaseClass.__init__(self, *args, **kw) > >> # do something with t > >> > >> This does mean that the special sub class argument has to come before > >> the base class arguments when you create instances. > >> > >> Whether you call BaseClass.__init__ early or late in the subclass init > >> method could depend on what your classes are doing. Remember, in > >> Python, __init__ only initializes objects, it doesn't create them. > >> It's just another bit of code that you can call whenever you want. > >> > >> -- > >> John. > >> > >> > >> ___ > >> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > >> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > >> > > ___ > > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor signature.asc Description: Dies ist ein digital signierter Nachrichtenteil ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] from __future__ import division
Dinesh B Vadhia wrote: > I spent fruitless hours trying to get a (normal) division x/y to work and > then saw that you have to declare: normal division x/y works just as expected, with one caveat: remember that if you divide two *integer* values, you will get an *integer* division operation yielding an *integer* result. So: 1.0 / 2.0 --> 0.5 1.0 / 2 --> 0.5 1 / 2.0 --> 0.5 1 / 2 --> 0 So if you make sure at least one operand is a real number you'll get a real result. This is now division works in many programming languages including C and C++. In the future, Python will switch to always yielding a real result, and to force an integer division operation you use the special "//" integer division operator. If you want that behavior now, just import that "from the future": from __future__ import division now: 1 / 2 --> 0.5 4 / 2 --> 2.0 1 // 2 --> 0 4 // 2 --> 2 HTH HAND >> from __future__ import division > > .. at the top of a module file. What is this all about? > > Dinesh > > > > > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] from __future__ import division
I spent fruitless hours trying to get a (normal) division x/y to work and then saw that you have to declare: > from __future__ import division .. at the top of a module file. What is this all about? Dinesh ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] what is @classmethod and @staticmethod ??
Thanks, Andreas. Why do we need to use classmethod/
staticmethod and where do we need to use them ?
thanks
iyer
--- Andreas Kostyrka <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Well, it's classmethod/staticmethod in truth, @ is
> the decorator
> operator:
>
> def testdec(func):
> return {"funcobj": func}
>
> class Abc(object):
> @testdec
> def method():
> pass
>
> assert isinstance(Abc.method, dict)
>
> Basically as you can see above, @X before a function
> definition takes
> the function, applies X, and use the result instead.
>
> Now, naive Python level implementations of
> classmethod and staticmethod
> would be (untested, all typed in the mailer):
>
> def classmethod(func):
> def wrapper(self, *args, **kw):
> return func(self.__class__, *args, **kw)
> return wrapper
>
> def staticmethod(func):
> def wrapper(self, *args, **kw):
> return func(*args, **kw)
> return wrapper
>
> Andreas
>
> Am Freitag, den 21.03.2008, 20:08 -0700 schrieb
> maser:
> > Hi
> >
> > I couldn't find a good resource explaining what
> > @classmethod and @staticmethod are in python and
> when,
> > how these could be used.
> >
> > If someone could explain what these are, or point
> me
> > to resources that may help, it is appreciated.
> >
> > Thanks
> > iyer
> >
> >
> >
>
> > Be a better friend, newshound, and
> > know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now.
>
http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
> > ___
> > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
Be a better friend, newshound, and
know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now.
http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
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Re: [Tutor] Calling super classs __init__?
Luciano Ramalho wrote: > Nowadays the best practice for invoking a method from all superclasses > (yes, multiple inheritance) is this: > > class SubClass(BaseClass): > def __init__(self, t, *args, **kw): > super(SubClass, self).__init__(*args, **kw) > # do something with t > > That way you let Python decide which superclasses your SubClass has, > instead of hard-coding it in several places. > You are actually hard-coding it here too, "class SubClass(BaseClass):" has "BaseClass" hard-coded. All you do here is hard-code it once instead of twice. > Cheers, > > Luciano > > > On Tue, Mar 18, 2008 at 9:37 PM, John Fouhy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> On 19/03/2008, Allen Fowler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >> > I have a super class that accepts many arguments to it's constructor, >> and a subclass that should define one additional argument. >> > >> > What's the most "pythonic" way to make this work? >> >> class BaseClass(object): >> def __init__(self, x, y, z, foo='foo'): # whatever >> # etc >> >> class SubClass(BaseClass): >> def __init__(self, t, *args, **kw): >> BaseClass.__init__(self, *args, **kw) >> # do something with t >> >> This does mean that the special sub class argument has to come before >> the base class arguments when you create instances. >> >> Whether you call BaseClass.__init__ early or late in the subclass init >> method could depend on what your classes are doing. Remember, in >> Python, __init__ only initializes objects, it doesn't create them. >> It's just another bit of code that you can call whenever you want. >> >> -- >> John. >> >> >> ___ >> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org >> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >> > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] unsubscription
"Meftah Tayeb" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote > please ho to Unsubscrib from this mailing list ? Go to the mailing list page on python.org and unsubscribe there. http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor HTH Alan g ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] suggestion on improving script
Norman Khine wrote:
> Hello,
>
> Please excuse me in advance if this post is long winded. I have the
> following nagging issue for which I have found a work around, but wanted
> a better solution.
>
The reason
http://uk.expert.travel/companies/abakuc/;view?batchstart=5
fails while
http://uk.expert.travel/;view?t2=5
succeeds does not have to do with using a global method.
t2=5 tells the CGI program which tab was clicked, whereas batchstart=5
does not.
You only need one "t" function as long as you use the t2=5 approach (or
some other way to
communicate WHICH tab and WHERE to start (e.g. ?tab=2,batchstart=5.
Also - 99% of list_news, list_jobs, et. al. can be factored out into
common code.
Does this make sense? Would you like more help or can you start figuring
it out yourself?
> I am using jQuery to populate tabs with some data, such as news and jobs
> posts, as can be seen at http://uk.expert.travel
>
> In my application, I have the following structure (only partially listed):
>
> $ tree -L 2
> .
> |-- expert_travel.py
> |-- ui
> | `-- ui.tabs.js
> ...
> `-- utils.py
>
>
>
> #expert_travel.py
>
> from utils import t1, t2, t3, t4
>
> ...
>
>
> # News - List
>
>
> def list_news(self, context):
> namespace = {}
> namespace['batch'] = ''
> #Search the catalogue, list all news items in company
>
> ...
>
> # Set batch informations
>
> [t1]batch_start = int(context.get_form_value('t1', default=0))
>
> batch_size = 5
> batch_total = len(news_items)
> batch_fin = batch_start + batch_size
> if batch_fin > batch_total:
> batch_fin = batch_total
> news_items = news_items[batch_start:batch_fin]
> # Namespace
> if news_items:
> msgs = (u'There is one news item.',
> u'There are ${n} news items.')
>
> [t1]news_batch = t1(context.uri, batch_start, batch_size,
>batch_total, msgs=msgs)
>
> msg = None
> else:
> news_batch = None
> msg = u'Currently there is no news.'
>
>
>
> # List jobs
> list_jobs__label__ = u'List jobs'
> list_jobs__access__ = True
> def list_jobs(self, context):
> ...
>
> # Set batch informations
>
> [t2]batch_start = int(context.get_form_value('t2', default=0))
>
> batch_size = 5
> batch_total = len(jobs)
> batch_fin = batch_start + batch_size
> if batch_fin > batch_total:
> batch_fin = batch_total
> jobs = jobs[batch_start:batch_fin]
> # Namespace
> if jobs:
> msgs = (u'There is one job.',
> u'There are ${n} jobs.')
>
> [t2]job_batch = t2(context.uri, batch_start, batch_size,
>batch_total, msgs=msgs)
>
> msg = None
> else:
> job_table = None
> job_batch = None
> msg = u'Sorry but there are no jobs'
> ...
>
>
>
>
>
> #utils.py
>
> def t1(uri, start, size, total, gettext=Handler.gettext,
>msgs=(u"There is 1 object.", u"There are ${n} objects.")):
>
> # Plural forms
> if total == 1:
> msg1 = gettext(msgs[0])
> else:
> msg1 = gettext(msgs[1])
> msg1 = Template(msg1).substitute(n=total)
> msg1 = msg1.encode('utf-8')
>
> # Calculate end
> end = min(start + size, total)
>
> # Previous
> previous = None
> if start > 0:
> previous = max(start - size, 0)
> previous = str(previous)
>
> [t1]previous = uri.replace(t1=previous)
>
> previous = str(previous)
> previous = XMLAttribute.encode(previous)
> previous = '<<' \
> % (previous, gettext(u'Previous'))
> # Next
> next = None
> if end < total:
> next = str(end)
>
> [t1]next = uri.replace(t1=next)
>
> next = str(next)
> next = XMLAttribute.encode(next)
> next = '>>' \
> % (next, gettext(u'Next'))
>
> # Output
> if previous is None and next is None:
> msg = msg1
> else:
> # View more
> if previous is None:
> link = next
> elif next is None:
> link = previous
> else:
> link = '%s %s' % (previous, next)
>
> msg2 = gettext(u"View from ${start} to ${end} (${link}):")
> msg2 = Template(msg2)
> msg2 = msg2.substitute(start=(start+1), end=end, link=link)
> msg2 = msg2.encode('utf-8')
>
> msg = '%s %s' % (msg1, msg2)
>
> # Wrap around a paragraph
> return Parser('%s' % msg
Re: [Tutor] Maybe advanced pexpect question?
What about Alt keys? I was thinking terminal control voodoo. But I don't
know any. man 5 termcap might be a start, though.
Cheers
On Sunday 23 March 2008 06:58, Kent Johnson wrote:
> Nathan McBride wrote:
> > I've used pexpect for a few projects and love it. Basically pexpect
> > lets you spawn a program and interact with it from code like you
> > yourself were running it in a console. How would you send the ctrl key?
>
> I don't use pexpect, so I am guessing...
>
> The ctrl key by itself is not a character so you can't send that. ctrl-C
> is a character that is represented in a string as \x03. I expect you
> would send a control character with sendline(), for example to sent
> ctrl-C try
>child.sendline ('\x03')
>
> Kent
> ___
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Re: [Tutor] Maybe advanced pexpect question?
What about Alt keys? I was thinking terminal control voodoo. But I don't
know any. man 5 termcap might be a start, though.
Cheers
On Sunday 23 March 2008 06:58, Kent Johnson wrote:
> Nathan McBride wrote:
> > I've used pexpect for a few projects and love it. Basically pexpect
> > lets you spawn a program and interact with it from code like you
> > yourself were running it in a console. How would you send the ctrl key?
>
> I don't use pexpect, so I am guessing...
>
> The ctrl key by itself is not a character so you can't send that. ctrl-C
> is a character that is represented in a string as \x03. I expect you
> would send a control character with sendline(), for example to sent
> ctrl-C try
>child.sendline ('\x03')
>
> Kent
> ___
> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
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[Tutor] unsubscription
hi, please ho to Unsubscrib from this mailing list ? thanks... ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Python Grammer
Eric Walker wrote: > Ok, I found the responses, sorry.. > I have been reading the book "Text Processing in PYTHON" by David Mertz. > I have some text that I have to parse. I want to use grammers. It's grammAr. A grammar is a formal description of the structure of a language. It is not a parser; rather it is a specification of what the parser needs to do. Perhaps if you describe your actual problem and say why you want to use a grammar we can be of more help, either pointing you to a parsing solution or helping to solve the problem without a formal parser. (Most Python text processing problems can be solved with simple string processing or regular expressions.) Kent ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Maybe advanced pexpect question?
Nathan McBride wrote:
> I've used pexpect for a few projects and love it. Basically pexpect
> lets you spawn a program and interact with it from code like you
> yourself were running it in a console. How would you send the ctrl key?
I don't use pexpect, so I am guessing...
The ctrl key by itself is not a character so you can't send that. ctrl-C
is a character that is represented in a string as \x03. I expect you
would send a control character with sendline(), for example to sent
ctrl-C try
child.sendline ('\x03')
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] More Converter
"bob gailer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote> Adding key testing: > > if (original, to) in factors: > factor = factors[(original, to)] > print variable * factor > elif (to, original): probably meant to be elif (to,original) in factors: > factor = factors[(to, original)] > print variable / factor > else: > print "no conversion available for %s to %s" % (original, to) Alan G ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] windows: pop up window
On Sat, Mar 22, 2008 at 5:17 PM, elis aeris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > sweet, I love built in functions. thanks ! Seriously, Elis. You would have learned raw_input in *any* Python tutorial. You need to read some tutorials. Seriously. -Luke ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
