Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Forgive me if I treat the subject of pruning too cavalierly, but I am scheduled to give a brief lecture on the various theories. One of them is apical dominance, which I am left wondering about---is it still regarded as a valid consideration in pruning? Another theory was encapsulated by a NH grower, who, when asked by a group of trainees: Mr Elwood, why did you cut off that branch?he replied: " I was TIRED of looking at it." Not a totally useless pruning principle, but how is a beginner supposed to follow it? So---the Tiresome Branch Theory of pruning. On Tue, 3/21/17, Juliet Evelyn Carroll wrote: Subject: RE: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts To: "Arthur Harvey" , "Apple-Crop discussion list" Date: Tuesday, March 21, 2017, 3:31 PM Apical dominance has to do with leaves and green shoots, not wood. The cambium produces wood (xylem) to the interior and "bark" (phloem) to the exterior. The cork cambium layer, which is outside the phloem, produces the actual flaky and tree-species-distinctive outer bark on the trunk. Having leaves and shoots above the large pruning cut provides carbohydrate for the growth of the callous and eventual xylem and phloem around the large cut surface. Water goes up through the xylem and photosynthate travels down through the phloem. The photosynthate feeds the living tissue around the pruning cut, hastening healing. Julie Juliet E. Carroll, PhD Fruit IPM Coordinator, New York State Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 315-787-2430 (Fax -2360), j...@cornell.edu Cornell Cooperative Extension provides equal program & employment opportunity Diversity and inclusion are a part of Cornell University’s heritage -Original Message- From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of Arthur Harvey Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2017 2:54 PM To: Apple-Crop discussion list Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts Not to doubt the advice regarding "foliage feeding the cut from above"but how does that relate to the theory of apical dominance we used to hear about? On Tue, 3/21/17, David Kollas wrote: Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts To: "Apple-Crop discussion list" Date: Tuesday, March 21, 2017, 11:13 AM Dean: I use Doc Farwell’s Seal and Heal (green) or the similar Doc Farwell’s Grafting Seal on cuts thatI think will not heal over within two or three years if they do not slope enough to shed rain over theraised lip of new growth. Wood rot develops on wounds that provide wet conditions favorable to decay. Large cuts made to permit grafting do not heal rapidly if there is no foliage feeding the cut fromabove. Observe temperature limitations on the label. David KollasKollas OrchardTolland, CT On Mar 9, 2017, at 2:47 PM, Dean wrote: We have made some large cuts, 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). Realize standard advice says no But ready for advice. Thanks 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop -Inline Attachment Follows- ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Thanks. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com > On Mar 21, 2017, at 10:13 AM, David Kollas wrote: > > Dean: > I use Doc Farwell’s Seal and Heal (green) or the similar Doc Farwell’s > Grafting Seal on cuts that > I think will not heal over within two or three years if they do not slope > enough to shed rain over the > raised lip of new growth. Wood rot develops on wounds that provide wet > conditions favorable to > decay. Large cuts made to permit grafting do not heal rapidly if there is no > foliage feeding the cut from > above. Observe temperature limitations on the label. > > David Kollas > Kollas Orchard > Tolland, CT > >> On Mar 9, 2017, at 2:47 PM, Dean wrote: >> >> We have made some large cuts, >> 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). >> Realize standard advice says no >> But ready for advice. Thanks >> 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. >> >> >> Regards, Dean >> Www.berrypatchfarm.com >> >> ___ >> apple-crop mailing list >> apple-crop@virtualorchard.com >> http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop > > ___ > apple-crop mailing list > apple-crop@virtualorchard.com > http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Apical dominance has to do with leaves and green shoots, not wood. The cambium produces wood (xylem) to the interior and "bark" (phloem) to the exterior. The cork cambium layer, which is outside the phloem, produces the actual flaky and tree-species-distinctive outer bark on the trunk. Having leaves and shoots above the large pruning cut provides carbohydrate for the growth of the callous and eventual xylem and phloem around the large cut surface. Water goes up through the xylem and photosynthate travels down through the phloem. The photosynthate feeds the living tissue around the pruning cut, hastening healing. Julie Juliet E. Carroll, PhD Fruit IPM Coordinator, New York State Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 315-787-2430 (Fax -2360), j...@cornell.edu Cornell Cooperative Extension provides equal program & employment opportunity Diversity and inclusion are a part of Cornell University’s heritage -Original Message- From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of Arthur Harvey Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2017 2:54 PM To: Apple-Crop discussion list Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts Not to doubt the advice regarding "foliage feeding the cut from above"but how does that relate to the theory of apical dominance we used to hear about? On Tue, 3/21/17, David Kollas wrote: Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts To: "Apple-Crop discussion list" Date: Tuesday, March 21, 2017, 11:13 AM Dean: I use Doc Farwell’s Seal and Heal (green) or the similar Doc Farwell’s Grafting Seal on cuts thatI think will not heal over within two or three years if they do not slope enough to shed rain over theraised lip of new growth. Wood rot develops on wounds that provide wet conditions favorable to decay. Large cuts made to permit grafting do not heal rapidly if there is no foliage feeding the cut fromabove. Observe temperature limitations on the label. David KollasKollas OrchardTolland, CT On Mar 9, 2017, at 2:47 PM, Dean wrote: We have made some large cuts, 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). Realize standard advice says no But ready for advice. Thanks 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop -Inline Attachment Follows- ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Thanks a lot. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com > On Mar 21, 2017, at 10:09 AM, Tom Auvil wrote: > > Dean, > > Many if not most wood decay fungi are 'water molds' that need moisture and > temperature to germinate and grow. Most latex / exterior paints are > manufactured to 'seal' things up and can increase the incidence of disease. > A WSU pathologist recommended a copper spray or adding copper to a white > wash would be better than a sealing paint. Grafters use sealants to > encourage the scion and trunk to callus and knit together before the tissues > dry out and cease activity. Another disease management factor is if there > are a number of trees/trunks with wood decay activity in the orchard. The > more disease in the field increases risk and encourages treatment. > > Tom and Rose Auvil > PO Box 408 > Orondo, WA 98843 > > tau...@nwi.net > > -Original Message- > From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of > Dean > Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2017 11:47 AM > To: Apple-Crop > Subject: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts > > We have made some large cuts, > 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). > Realize standard advice says no > But ready for advice. Thanks > 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. > > > Regards, Dean > Www.berrypatchfarm.com > > ___ > apple-crop mailing list > apple-crop@virtualorchard.com > http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop > > > --- > This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. > https://www.avast.com/antivirus > > ___ > apple-crop mailing list > apple-crop@virtualorchard.com > http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Most wood decay fungi are Basidiomycetes (bracket, shelf and conk fungi). To prevent the growth of wood decay fungi in lumber, the wood needs to be below (if memory serves) about 5% water content. So, yes, they like wood to be moist. Water molds are Oomycetes, considered more closely aligned with algae, and include Phytophthora, Pythium and the downy mildews. For apple growers - Phytophthora root and crown rot is your least favorite water mold. Julie Juliet E. Carroll, PhD Fruit IPM Coordinator, New York State Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456 315-787-2430 (Fax -2360), j...@cornell.edu Cornell Cooperative Extension provides equal program & employment opportunity Diversity and inclusion are a part of Cornell University's heritage -Original Message- From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of Tom Auvil Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2017 11:10 AM To: 'Apple-Crop discussion list' Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts Dean, Many if not most wood decay fungi are 'water molds' that need moisture and temperature to germinate and grow. Most latex / exterior paints are manufactured to 'seal' things up and can increase the incidence of disease. A WSU pathologist recommended a copper spray or adding copper to a white wash would be better than a sealing paint. Grafters use sealants to encourage the scion and trunk to callus and knit together before the tissues dry out and cease activity. Another disease management factor is if there are a number of trees/trunks with wood decay activity in the orchard. The more disease in the field increases risk and encourages treatment. Tom and Rose Auvil PO Box 408 Orondo, WA 98843 tau...@nwi.net -Original Message- From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of Dean Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2017 11:47 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts We have made some large cuts, 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). Realize standard advice says no But ready for advice. Thanks 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop --- This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. https://www.avast.com/antivirus ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Not to doubt the advice regarding "foliage feeding the cut from above"but how does that relate to the theory of apical dominance we used to hear about? On Tue, 3/21/17, David Kollas wrote: Subject: Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts To: "Apple-Crop discussion list" Date: Tuesday, March 21, 2017, 11:13 AM Dean: I use Doc Farwell’s Seal and Heal (green) or the similar Doc Farwell’s Grafting Seal on cuts thatI think will not heal over within two or three years if they do not slope enough to shed rain over theraised lip of new growth. Wood rot develops on wounds that provide wet conditions favorable to decay. Large cuts made to permit grafting do not heal rapidly if there is no foliage feeding the cut fromabove. Observe temperature limitations on the label. David KollasKollas OrchardTolland, CT On Mar 9, 2017, at 2:47 PM, Dean wrote: We have made some large cuts, 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). Realize standard advice says no But ready for advice. Thanks 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop -Inline Attachment Follows- ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Dean, Many if not most wood decay fungi are 'water molds' that need moisture and temperature to germinate and grow. Most latex / exterior paints are manufactured to 'seal' things up and can increase the incidence of disease. A WSU pathologist recommended a copper spray or adding copper to a white wash would be better than a sealing paint. Grafters use sealants to encourage the scion and trunk to callus and knit together before the tissues dry out and cease activity. Another disease management factor is if there are a number of trees/trunks with wood decay activity in the orchard. The more disease in the field increases risk and encourages treatment. Tom and Rose Auvil PO Box 408 Orondo, WA 98843 tau...@nwi.net -Original Message- From: apple-crop [mailto:apple-crop-boun...@virtualorchard.com] On Behalf Of Dean Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2017 11:47 AM To: Apple-Crop Subject: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts We have made some large cuts, 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). Realize standard advice says no But ready for advice. Thanks 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. Regards, Dean Www.berrypatchfarm.com ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop --- This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. https://www.avast.com/antivirus ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
Re: [Apple-Crop] Pruning cuts
Dean: I use Doc Farwell’s Seal and Heal (green) or the similar Doc Farwell’s Grafting Seal on cuts that I think will not heal over within two or three years if they do not slope enough to shed rain over the raised lip of new growth. Wood rot develops on wounds that provide wet conditions favorable to decay. Large cuts made to permit grafting do not heal rapidly if there is no foliage feeding the cut from above. Observe temperature limitations on the label. David Kollas Kollas Orchard Tolland, CT > On Mar 9, 2017, at 2:47 PM, Dean wrote: > > We have made some large cuts, > 4-6" seems like some latex paint would be helpful (apples). > Realize standard advice says no > But ready for advice. Thanks > 77 tues forecast 15 tomorrow night in central Iowa. > > > Regards, Dean > Www.berrypatchfarm.com > > ___ > apple-crop mailing list > apple-crop@virtualorchard.com > http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop ___ apple-crop mailing list apple-crop@virtualorchard.com http://virtualorchard.com/mailman/listinfo/apple-crop
