Re: Grave Influence
The Baha'i Studies Listserv Socially liberal, but morally conservative? Liberals would say that laws against adultery, fornication, homosexuality, alcohol consumption, etc. as well as some of the religous prohibitions if they were the law of the land (ie. asceticism, monasticism, begging, clergy, pulpits, kissing of hands, confession of sins, etc.) would make you morally conservative no matter how fiscally liberal you are and thus outside of the bounds of liberalism and into populism, communitarianism, authoritarianism, totalitarianism as a quadrant. On what bounds do you call the Baha'i Faith socially liberal? The crime of adultery/fornication being liable to be fined is one of the examples of social conservatism. Prohibtion is not socially liberal. All prohibitionists I know from the Internet are far right ultra conservatives. Some liberals even consider the death penalty itself to be illiberal. Moral conservatism inevitably leads to social conservatism. From: Susan Maneck To: Baha'i Studies Sent: Mon, November 22, 2010 11:22:43 PM Subject: Re: Grave Influence The Baha'i Studies Listserv > Flat taxes are actually conservative. Yes, they are. Liberals always try to make taxation > progressive. As does Abdu'l-Baha. > This idea first came from the Communist Manifesto. No, actually Adam Smith voiced support for this idea much earlier. He wrote the following in the Wealth of Nations: "The necessaries of life occasion the great expense of the poor. They find it difficult to get food, and the greater part of their little revenue is spent in getting it. The luxuries and vanities of life occasion the principal expense of the rich, and a magnificent house embellishes and sets off to the best advantage all the other luxuries and vanities which they possess. A tax upon house-rents, therefore, would in general fall heaviest upon the rich; and in this sort of inequality there would not, perhaps, be anything very unreasonable. It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion." > Liberals would also say that moralistic stances the Baha'i Faith has on > issue such sex, drugs, etc. would put it out of the bounds of liberalism. > I would say that we are socially liberal but morally conservative. __ You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:skg_z...@yahoo.com Unsubscribe: send a blank email to mailto:leave-541682-1719008.2a3842ae5b2f7d34dd5fdfc724616...@list.jccc.edu Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st Baha'i Studies is available through the following: Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu __ You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com Unsubscribe: send a blank email to mailto:leave-542101-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st Baha'i Studies is available through the following: Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Re: Taxation
The Baha'i Studies Listserv
There are all kinds of taxes.
Capital gains tax
Carbon tax
Consumption tax
Corporate income tax
Dividend tax
Ecotax
Excess profits tax
Excise tax
FairTax
Gift tax
Gross receipts tax
Inheritance tax (Death tax, Estate tax)
Land value tax
Payroll tax
Personal income tax
Property tax
Sales tax
Sin tax
Stamp tax
Value added tax
Winfall profits tax
Was his list an exlusive tax list on an iclusive tax list? We those seven all
taxes or some taxes? Would he of allowed tax shifts by adding other taxes to
lower or eliminate others eventually?
From: Sen & Sonja
To: Baha'i Studies
Sent: Wed, November 24, 2010 1:27:26 PM
Subject: Re: Taxation
The Baha'i Studies Listserv
On 23 Nov 2010 at 10:12, Stephen Gray wrote:
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax
>
> There are all kinds of taxes.
> Capital gains tax
...
In his letter to Mrs Parsons, Abdu'l-Baha includes income tax and
revenues from mineral rights ("severance taxes" in your list), and
other sources which are not likely to be significant:
===
This treasury has seven revenues: tithes, taxes on animals, wealth
without inheritors, anything found which has no owner, a third of any
buried treasure that is found, a third of minerals, and donations.
===
'tithes' on this list is not a reference to religious donations, but
to a progressive income tax, as he explains later in that letter,
( http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com/2009/06/11/socialism/ )
In some his works he refers to land taxes, but the contexts are
descriptive rather than prescriptive.
Sen
--
--
Sen McGlinn http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com
Happy are those who spend their days in gaining knowledge, in
discovering the secrets of nature, and in penetrating the subtleties
of
pure truth! Woe to those who are contented with ignorance, whose
hearts
are gladdened by thoughtless imitation, ... who have wasted their
lives!"(~Abdu'l-Baha, Some Answered Questions p.137)
--
--
__
You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:skg_z...@yahoo.com
Unsubscribe: send a blank email to
mailto:leave-542086-1719008.2a3842ae5b2f7d34dd5fdfc724616...@list.jccc.edu
Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu
Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st
Baha'i Studies is available through the following:
Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st
News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st
Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net
New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
__
You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com
Unsubscribe: send a blank email to
mailto:leave-542096-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu
Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu
Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st
Baha'i Studies is available through the following:
Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st
News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st
Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net
New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Re: Taxation
The Baha'i Studies Listserv
2000 in which calendar? Islamic? Baha'i?
From: Sen & Sonja
To: Baha'i Studies
Sent: Wed, November 24, 2010 1:27:26 PM
Subject: Re: Taxation
The Baha'i Studies Listserv
On 23 Nov 2010 at 10:12, Stephen Gray wrote:
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax
>
> There are all kinds of taxes.
> Capital gains tax
...
In his letter to Mrs Parsons, Abdu'l-Baha includes income tax and
revenues from mineral rights ("severance taxes" in your list), and
other sources which are not likely to be significant:
===
This treasury has seven revenues: tithes, taxes on animals, wealth
without inheritors, anything found which has no owner, a third of any
buried treasure that is found, a third of minerals, and donations.
===
'tithes' on this list is not a reference to religious donations, but
to a progressive income tax, as he explains later in that letter,
( http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com/2009/06/11/socialism/ )
In some his works he refers to land taxes, but the contexts are
descriptive rather than prescriptive.
Sen
--
--
Sen McGlinn http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com
Happy are those who spend their days in gaining knowledge, in
discovering the secrets of nature, and in penetrating the subtleties
of
pure truth! Woe to those who are contented with ignorance, whose
hearts
are gladdened by thoughtless imitation, ... who have wasted their
lives!"(~Abdu'l-Baha, Some Answered Questions p.137)
--
--
__
You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:skg_z...@yahoo.com
Unsubscribe: send a blank email to
mailto:leave-542086-1719008.2a3842ae5b2f7d34dd5fdfc724616...@list.jccc.edu
Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu
Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st
Baha'i Studies is available through the following:
Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st
News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st
Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net
New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
__
You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com
Unsubscribe: send a blank email to
mailto:leave-542095-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu
Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu
Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st
Baha'i Studies is available through the following:
Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st
News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st
Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net
New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Re: Taxation
The Baha'i Studies Listserv
On 23 Nov 2010 at 10:12, Stephen Gray wrote:
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax
>
> There are all kinds of taxes.
> Capital gains tax
...
In his letter to Mrs Parsons, Abdu'l-Baha includes income tax and
revenues from mineral rights ("severance taxes" in your list), and
other sources which are not likely to be significant:
===
This treasury has seven revenues: tithes, taxes on animals, wealth
without inheritors, anything found which has no owner, a third of any
buried treasure that is found, a third of minerals, and donations.
===
'tithes' on this list is not a reference to religious donations, but
to a progressive income tax, as he explains later in that letter,
( http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com/2009/06/11/socialism/ )
In some his works he refers to land taxes, but the contexts are
descriptive rather than prescriptive.
Sen
--
--
Sen McGlinn http://senmcglinn.wordpress.com
Happy are those who spend their days in gaining knowledge, in
discovering the secrets of nature, and in penetrating the subtleties
of
pure truth! Woe to those who are contented with ignorance, whose
hearts
are gladdened by thoughtless imitation, ... who have wasted their
lives!"(~Abdu'l-Baha, Some Answered Questions p.137)
--
--
__
You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com
Unsubscribe: send a blank email to
mailto:leave-542086-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu
Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu
Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st
Baha'i Studies is available through the following:
Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st
News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st
Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net
New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Re: Grave Influence
The Baha'i Studies Listserv On 23 Nov 2010 at 10:25, Stephen Gray wrote: > The Baha'i Studies Listserv > Executive? Doesn't that mean they will have veto power? Executive is used in two different ways in the Bahai writings, which can cause confusion, although the different contexts always make it clear what is meant in each case. When Shoghi Effendi speaks of the institutions of a world commonwealth of nations, he speaks of the executive, judiciary and legislature, adopting the terms used in modern western political theory since Montesquieu. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_powers These three arms of government are aspects of the state, according to Shoghi Effendi: Such a state will have to include within its orbit an international executive adequate to enforce supreme and unchallengeable authority on every recalcitrant member of the commonwealth; a world parliament whose members shall be elected by the people in their respective countries and whose election shall be confirmed by their respective governments; and a supreme tribunal whose judgment will have a binding effect (Shoghi Effendi, The World Order of Baha'u'llah, p. 40) -- This commonwealth must... consist of a world legislature, whose members will, as the trustees of the whole of mankind, ultimately control the entire resources of all the component nations, ... A world executive, backed by an international Force, will carry out the decisions arrived at, and apply the laws enacted by, this world legislature, ... A world tribunal will adjudicate and deliver its compulsory and final verdict in all and any disputes that may arise between the various elements constituting this universal system. (Shoghi Effendi, The World Order of Baha'u'llah, p. 203) == However Abdu'l-Baha does not speak within this framework, his background is Islamic political theology, in which the government is spoken of as the executive power in society. So he writes: = If you refer to history, you would find countless examples of this [negative] sort, all based on the involvement of religious leaders in political matters. These souls are the fountainhead of the interpretation of God´s commandments (tashrii`), not of implementation (tanfiidh). That is, when the government requests an explanation concerning the requirements of the Law of God and the realities of the divine ordinances ... they must explain what has been deduced of the commands of God, and what is in accordance with the law of God. (Abdu´l-Baha, Sermon on the Art of Governance) -- This House of Justice enacteth the laws and the government enforceth them. The legislative body (tashrii`) must reinforce the executive (tanfidh), the executive must aid and assist the legislative body so that through the close union and harmony of these two forces, the foundation of fairness and justice may become firm and strong . . .(Will and testament 14-15) = Once we've sorted out that these are two different things, the model of governance in the Bahai writings becomes quite clear. It has a basic two-part architecture, the religious and the political spheres, separate and cooperating. In the political sphere there are three arms: the judicial, executive, and legislative. They exist at local and national levels and according to the Guardian will eventually exist at a global level, as part of the commonwealth of nations. This is a civil government: in the Guardian´s descriptions of it there is no mention at all of the Houses of Justice or Assemblies. (see, for example, World Order of Baha´u'llah 203, partially quoted above ) We also have the Bahai Administrative Order, which is a government of the religious community, by the religious community, in religious and community matters. This does not separate the judicial, executive, and legislative; rather it separates (1) the liturgical (House of Worship), (2) the doctrinal (the Guardianship) and its extensions for propagation and protection, known collectively as the Learned of Baha, and (3) the `legislative´ which is also the religious judiciary (the House of Justice both makes the laws and is the highest court of appeal for Bahais), known collectively as the Rulers of Baha. All this is simple enough: The world order has two arms, each divided into three organs, giving six core institutions. The Bahai community also has the function of "Head of the Faith´ which was held first by Baha´u'llah, then Abdu´l-Baha, then the Guardian and now by the Universal House of Justice. This position entails "authority" - something like the executive in the civil government. The Guardian is the head and sole member of the doctrinal arm (though he had assistants), and he often refused to "legislate" on matters, saying instead that the future Universal House of Jus
Re: Grave Influence
The Baha'i Studies Listserv >> >Also, the Administration isn't going to replace the gov't but exist >> >alongside it. > > That's Shoghi Effendi's position: > > Theirs is not the purpose, while endeavoring to conduct and perfect > the administrative affairs of their Faith, to violate, under any > circumstances, the provisions of their country's constitution, much > less to allow the machinery of their administration to supersede the > government of their respective countries. > (Shoghi Effendi, The World Order of Baha'u'llah, p. 65) The House of Justice carefully explained this passage to Sen but he has determinedly ignored them: "As for the statement made by Shoghi Effendi in his letter of 21 March 1932, the well-established principles of the Faith concerning the relationship of the Baha'i institutions to those of the country in which the Baha'is reside make it unthinkable that they would ever purpose to violate a country's constitution or so to meddle in its political machinery as to attempt to take over the powers of government. This is an integral element of the Baha'i principle of abstention from involvement in politics. However, this does not by any means imply that the country itself may not, by constitutional means, decide to adopt Baha'i laws and practices and modify its constitution or method of government accordingly. The relationship between the principle of abstention from involvement in politics and the emergence of the Baha'i State is commented on later in this letter. In the meantime we can quote the following extracts from letters written on behalf of the Guardian in response to queries from individual believers, which indicate that the relationship is an evolving one: Regarding the question raised in your letter, Shoghi Effendi believes that for the present the Movement, whether in the East or the West, should be dissociated entirely from politics. This was the explicit injunction of `Abdu'l-Baha... Eventually, however, as you have rightly conceived it, the Movement will, as soon as it is fully developed and recognized, embrace both religious and political issues. In fact Baha'u'llah clearly states that affairs of state as well as religious questions are to be referred to the House of Justice into which the Assemblies of the Baha'is will eventually evolve. (30 November 1930)" __ You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com Unsubscribe: send a blank email to mailto:leave-542040-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st Baha'i Studies is available through the following: Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
Re: Grave Influence
The Baha'i Studies Listserv We don't know what powers the Executive will have. I wouldn't assume it will mirror our own system. Keep in mind this is a system which will likely not evolve until hundreds of years into the future. On Tue, Nov 23, 2010 at 12:25 PM, Stephen Gray wrote: > The Baha'i Studies Listserv > > Executive? Doesn't that mean they will have veto power? > > > From: Susan Maneck > To: Baha'i Studies > Sent: Mon, November 22, 2010 11:33:09 PM > Subject: Re: Grave Influence > > The Baha'i Studies Listserv >> Also, the Administration isn't going to replace the gov't but exist >> alongside it. > > In some sense, yes. But I expect our definition of government will > change. The Will and Testament says that the House of Justice makes > the laws and the government enforces them. That suggests that the > governments function might at some point be limited to what we today > call 'the executive arm.' But I don't expect this to happen anytime in > the near future. > > __ > You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:skg_z...@yahoo.com > Unsubscribe: send a blank email to > mailto:leave-541685-1719008.2a3842ae5b2f7d34dd5fdfc724616...@list.jccc.edu > Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to > ly...@list.jccc.edu > Or subscribe: > http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st > Baha'i Studies is available through the following: > Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu > Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st > News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st > Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net > New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu > > __ > You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:sman...@gmail.com > Unsubscribe: send a blank email to > mailto:leave-541872-738796.0f462312a2f7bdde70e0bbead78e3...@list.jccc.edu > Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to > ly...@list.jccc.edu > Or subscribe: > http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st > Baha'i Studies is available through the following: > Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu > Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st > News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st > Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net > New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu __ You are subscribed to Baha'i Studies as: mailto:arch...@mail-archive.com Unsubscribe: send a blank email to mailto:leave-542039-27401.54f46e81b66496c9909bcdc2f7987...@list.jccc.edu Subscribe: send subscribe bahai-st in the message body to ly...@list.jccc.edu Or subscribe: http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/all_forums/subscribe?name=bahai-st Baha'i Studies is available through the following: Mail - mailto:bahai-st@list.jccc.edu Web - http://list.jccc.edu:8080/read/?forum=bahai-st News (on-campus only) - news://list.jccc.edu/bahai-st Old Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai...@list.jccc.net New Public - http://www.mail-archive.com/bahai-st@list.jccc.edu
The Passing of `Abdu'l-Baha
The Baha'i Studies Listserv Dear friends: In recent years, a recording has come to light from Saichiro Fugita, a Japanese believer who accompanied Abdu'l-Baha on His journey through the western United States in 1912. Abdu'l-Baha then urged him to gain a knowledge of electricity and in horticulture, and then invited Fugita to come to live in the Holy Land in 1919, where he put this knowledge to good use. Fugita was later interviewed by Sylvia Ioas about his life in Haifa with the Master and then with the Guardian. Fugita left a description of the day of the Master's passing, of His funeral procession, and of the reading of His Will. The transcript of his full talk is here, a portion of which is shared below: http://bahai-library.com/pilgrims/fujita.html Fugita's memory of the passing of the Master is found at that site, along with other recollections of his, not shown here. Fugita gives the only description I know of, of the reading of the Master's Will, in the central hall of Number 7 Haparsim, and the respect shown to Shoghi Effendi by the friends as the Will was read. That portion is below. I have also appended Marzieh Gail's description of John Bosch's recollections of the Day of the Master's funeral, adapted from her wonderful book, "Dawn over Mount Hira." Brent - Excerpt From the Interview of Saichiro Fugita http://bahai-library.com/pilgrims/fujita.html Yes. `Abdu'l-Baha used to walk right on that main, little street, used to be narrow like this. I used to level it, widen. He used to walk from little house, up there. I was cleaning, smoothing and laugh, I was working, I mean, leveling, working hard, making a path, road for easy to walk. He used to take walk right around here, up to the German colony here, a couple block, and then come home. You know, before `Abdu'l-Baha passing away, it was on a Friday, we went visit the mosque in Haifa, Friday morning. That day return from mosque, He had to walk up the step. He says "I am tired," went into the room. Then Friday, Saturday, Sunday! Three days. Sunday night, He passed away. Those days we had many American pilgrims there. That Mr. and Mrs. Hoagg, Boschs were there. I heard the cry, deafening noise. So immediately I went up this gate, there's many collected and mourning, the Eastern believers very demonstrative, you know. I said "What is it?" "It's `Abdu'l-Baha has passed." So immediately I come back to Pilgrim House, informed them. And some of them come out, come now. That day. It's one o'clock, and all the family are all together there. Can't help. Doctor just left, Dr. Habib, that Christian Arab, that's their family doctor. Then from that room we had after few days, the day in Mount Carmel. I went there myself, making a place. ( ) called, ah, Ramatullah, he's very strong man, he carried casket way down. Ramatullah lived a long time ago, he was caretaker, gardener, very nice man. He had a big family, but years ago. All the notables from Haifa and Jerusalem, all were collected here, ah, for funeral. Even Herbert Samuel, walked right up, passing Master. Just out from this room, Number seven, and go around, Rahmatu'llah turn corner, in front of center of church, then go up, up, up, up, up to the Shrine. Everybody carrying casket up to the resting-place. Then up memorial day, we had biggest service here in Number seven. Then we had biggest dinner, luncheon served in, ah, Number nine. That one of the daughter's family, Ruha Khanum. Will of, ah, `Abdu'l-Baha read in Number seven. In the center of the hall! That room! Oh, we had the biggest, ah, meeting there. All sitting on floor. A prominent Baha'i, from Egypt, he read the Will, right in the corner, and everybody faced, and everybody sat around, even the Nakazeen, some of the Nakazeen was among us, violator. Very touching ceremony. Oh, from early in morning, we had a meeting, ah, to go some time, to circulate all the Will of `Abdu'l-Baha. Every time mention, ah, Shoghi Effendi's name, everybody arise. Very respectable, very. That's why the Shoghi Effendi is be Guardian of the Cause. That day. ( ) family, back in that tea room now. See, the gentlemen and the ladies are all segregated. They know, behind the curtain, they all know. The Will of `Abdu'l-Baha was read, everybody consented, Shoghi Effendi is the Guardian of the Cause. That's final, nobody object, and then after the passing `Abdu'l-Baha, the reign of Guardian, Shoghi Effendi. --- Excerpts adapted From Marzieh Gail's book "Dawn Over Mount Hira" available here: http://www.grbooks.com/show_book.php?book_id=50 * Resting on John Bosch's Shoulder* John Bosch recounts meeting the Master in New York: "'Abdu'l-Bahá walked to the first automobile... He grabbed my hand and pulled me into the rear seat; Mountfort Mills closed the door and I was alone with 'Abdu'l-Bahá. The believers had planned to show the city to the Master...to give Him a good t
