Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Peter Volkov wrote: > Bob Proulx пишет: > > The $0 is the name used to invoke the shell. If it starts with a '-' > > then this is used to instruct the shell that it is a login shell. The > > second variable $- is the flags set to the shell. The 'i' for > > interactive should be in there. > > Actually that's not exactly true. It's possible to start bash as login > shell but - will be absent. Quoting relevant part of manual: > > "A _login_ shell is one whose first character of argument zero is `-', > or one invoked with the `--login' option." Yes. To be pedantic about things I didn't say those were the only ways and I did also mention --login in my mail. > Better way to check if shell is login is: > > $ shopt | grep login_shell > login_shell on That will tell if bash *is* a login shell but that wasn't the question that I was asking. I was asking if bash was being instructed to be a login shell using normal login conventions. Seeing that $0 doesn't start with a dash says that it wasn't. Therefore bash is behaving normally. If you explicitly log into the host again such as with 'ssh localhost' then you should see that sshd sets $0 to start with a dash. Then bash knows that it is a login shell. Then bash sources the login environment files. It is just the unfortunate default configuration of GDM/KDM that doesn't start up X sessions with some parent shell as a login shell and therefore (by default) .bash_profile isn't getting sourced. The scripts don't cause personal environments to be sourced. This is even an FAQ for KDE. Different GNU/Linux distros have taken steps to address this issue by different methods and some have done nothing sticking to the default behavior. Debian and Ubuntu have not modified this and are using the default behavior while Red Hat and SuSE have both taken *different* actions to make login environments be sourced. Plus there are several classic Unix environments other than the new GNU/Linux ones that do things the old ways. Having many possibilities makes this a messy problem to describe, document and address. Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Peter Volkov schrieb: Better way to check if shell is login is: $ shopt | grep login_shell login_shell on You don't even have to call an external program: [[ $(shopt -p login_shell) == *-s* ]] Regards, Bernd -- Bernd Eggink [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sudrala.de
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
В Пнд, 12/05/2008 в 17:02 -0600, Bob Proulx пишет: > The $0 is the name used to invoke the shell. If it starts with a '-' > then this is used to instruct the shell that it is a login shell. The > second variable $- is the flags set to the shell. The 'i' for > interactive should be in there. Actually that's not exactly true. It's possible to start bash as login shell but - will be absent. Quoting relevant part of manual: "A _login_ shell is one whose first character of argument zero is `-', or one invoked with the `--login' option." Better way to check if shell is login is: $ shopt | grep login_shell login_shell on -- Peter.
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Carl Wenrich wrote: > I just log into the box that appears on the standard ubuntu > startup. I enter my username and password, then the desktop comes > up. You are using GDM (GNOME Display Manager) then. In which case it won't automatically start up shells as login shells. It is a quirk of how the X session is started. > I see now that the .bash_profile isn't being sourced (I thought it > was according to what I've been able to pick up on the web). If I > source it manually, the $PATH gets updated. It would be sourced if you were to log into your machine with ssh or the text console. > Why does ubuntu provide the .bash_profile when a user is created, > and then not source it when the system starts up? And since it > doesn't, what do I change to make it happen? That is a long story. If you are interested you can read some archeology that has been done on this problem at this following URL. Note that even though the bug has been closed that it isn't fixed. I am hoping to getting back to driving on it again one day. http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=250765 Red Hat's solution seems to be the best. But it would require you to patch your system files. I recommend creating a $HOME/.xsession file, making it executable, with the following contents. Make sure it is executable. #!/bin/bash --login exec x-session-manager # Debian specific generic alternative. #exec gnome-session #exec startkde #exec fvwm2 chmod a+x ~/.xsession This invokes bash as a login shell and then invokes the X session manager. x-session-manager is an "alternative" in Debian and will automatically track the best installed manager. But others may be selected explicitly. (I use fvwm. :-) This is off topic for the bash list. If you have further problems the Ubuntu user mailing list would probably be your best place for more help about how to configure your Ubuntu system. If you contact me offlist I would continue to help you if you have problems with setting up an ~/.xsession file. Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
I just log into the box that appears on the standard ubuntu startup. I enter my username and password, then the desktop comes up. I see now that the .bash_profile isn't being sourced (I thought it was according to what I've been able to pick up on the web). If I source it manually, the $PATH gets updated. Why does ubuntu provide the .bash_profile when a user is created, and then not source it when the system starts up? And since it doesn't, what do I change to make it happen? Bob Proulx <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Carl Wenrich wrote: > echo $0 gives me "bash" > echo $- gives me "himBH" Then bash hasn't been invoked as a login shell and therefore isn't instructed to source the .bash_profile. > If it is not a login shell then to suggest improvements it would be > necessary to know the type of system you are using and how you are > logging into it. There are many possibilities and I can't guess which > one you might be using. You didn't say in your messages. You have yet to say how are you are logging into your machine. There are many possibilities and without information it is impossible to guess. In the hope that it is helpful I will take a shot in the dark... On my HP-UX machine I log into the text console. This gives me a login shell that sources my .bash_profile. I then start X11 using 'xinit' which inherits all of the exported variables. On my Debian GNU/Linux machine I log in using GDM. Because logging in with XDM, or GDM, or KDM doesn't start a login shell I need to tell it this explicitly. I use an executable ~/.xsession file. In it I explicitly tell bash that it is a login shell which causes my .bash_profile to be sourced. Subsequent shells inherit the environment. This is what I use in my personal configuration: #!/bin/bash --login # exec x-session-manager # exec gnome-session # exec startkde exec fvwm2 Red Hat solves this problem in a better way by invoking the user session as a login shell from the system X start up scripts. By doing it that way the user doesn't need to worry about it. Last time I checked SuSE was a problem because it forced sourcing of the $HOME/.bash_profile (or was it .profile?) regardless of the user shell and then redirected all errors to /dev/null effectively ignoring them. Other systems will be similarly different. In any case I believe you have an answer to your question about why your ~/.bash_profile wasn't being sourced. It wasn't being sourced because your shell isn't invoked as a login shell and therefore shouldn't source it. Good luck! Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Carl Wenrich wrote: > echo $0 gives me "bash" > echo $- gives me "himBH" Then bash hasn't been invoked as a login shell and therefore isn't instructed to source the .bash_profile. > If it is not a login shell then to suggest improvements it would be > necessary to know the type of system you are using and how you are > logging into it. There are many possibilities and I can't guess which > one you might be using. You didn't say in your messages. You have yet to say how are you are logging into your machine. There are many possibilities and without information it is impossible to guess. In the hope that it is helpful I will take a shot in the dark... On my HP-UX machine I log into the text console. This gives me a login shell that sources my .bash_profile. I then start X11 using 'xinit' which inherits all of the exported variables. On my Debian GNU/Linux machine I log in using GDM. Because logging in with XDM, or GDM, or KDM doesn't start a login shell I need to tell it this explicitly. I use an executable ~/.xsession file. In it I explicitly tell bash that it is a login shell which causes my .bash_profile to be sourced. Subsequent shells inherit the environment. This is what I use in my personal configuration: #!/bin/bash --login # exec x-session-manager # exec gnome-session # exec startkde exec fvwm2 Red Hat solves this problem in a better way by invoking the user session as a login shell from the system X start up scripts. By doing it that way the user doesn't need to worry about it. Last time I checked SuSE was a problem because it forced sourcing of the $HOME/.bash_profile (or was it .profile?) regardless of the user shell and then redirected all errors to /dev/null effectively ignoring them. Other systems will be similarly different. In any case I believe you have an answer to your question about why your ~/.bash_profile wasn't being sourced. It wasn't being sourced because your shell isn't invoked as a login shell and therefore shouldn't source it. Good luck! Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
echo $0 gives me "bash" echo $- gives me "himBH" Bob Proulx <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Carl Wenrich wrote: > Bob Proulx wrote: > > Did you log in after having made that change? Was bash invoked as > > an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? > > > > echo $0 > > echo $- > > Yes. I (1) made the change to .bash_profile, then (2) restarted the > machine, then (3) logged in again. When I echo $PATH the > /opt/lampp/bin is not included. That second question was also very important. Without that information I don't know if I should suggest one action or a different action. Was bash invoked as an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? The way I tell is by running those two commands that I suggested running. What do you get for the following two commands? echo $0 echo $- The $0 is the name used to invoke the shell. If it starts with a '-' then this is used to instruct the shell that it is a login shell. The second variable $- is the flags set to the shell. The 'i' for interactive should be in there. Example: NOT a login shell, will NOT source .bash_profile: $ echo $0 bash $ echo $- himBHP $ Example: Yes, a login shell: $ echo $0 -bash $ echo $- himBHP $ And of course the bash "-l" and "--login" options will override this default behavior. If it is not a login shell then to suggest improvements it would be necessary to know the type of system you are using and how you are logging into it. There are many possibilities and I can't guess which one you might be using. You didn't say in your messages. By the way... It is not necessary to restart your system. That is way too much. Simply log in again to have profile file changes take effect. Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Carl Wenrich wrote: > Bob Proulx wrote: > > Did you log in after having made that change? Was bash invoked as > > an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? > > > > echo $0 > > echo $- > > Yes. I (1) made the change to .bash_profile, then (2) restarted the > machine, then (3) logged in again. When I echo $PATH the > /opt/lampp/bin is not included. That second question was also very important. Without that information I don't know if I should suggest one action or a different action. Was bash invoked as an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? The way I tell is by running those two commands that I suggested running. What do you get for the following two commands? echo $0 echo $- The $0 is the name used to invoke the shell. If it starts with a '-' then this is used to instruct the shell that it is a login shell. The second variable $- is the flags set to the shell. The 'i' for interactive should be in there. Example: NOT a login shell, will NOT source .bash_profile: $ echo $0 bash $ echo $- himBHP $ Example: Yes, a login shell: $ echo $0 -bash $ echo $- himBHP $ And of course the bash "-l" and "--login" options will override this default behavior. If it is not a login shell then to suggest improvements it would be necessary to know the type of system you are using and how you are logging into it. There are many possibilities and I can't guess which one you might be using. You didn't say in your messages. By the way... It is not necessary to restart your system. That is way too much. Simply log in again to have profile file changes take effect. Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
Yes. I (1) made the change to .bash_profile, then (2) restarted the machine, then (3) logged in again. When I echo $PATH the /opt/lampp/bin is not included. Bob Proulx <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: carlwenrich wrote: > I put this in my .bash_profile: > > PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin > export PATH > > but when I "echo $PATH" it doesn't include the /opt/lampp/bin. The .bash_profile is sourced by bash when it is invoked as an interactive login shell. Therefore you would need to log in after having made that change in order for bash to read the file and the effect to be seen. Did you log in after having made that change? Was bash invoked as an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? echo $0 echo $- Bob
Re: PATH value doesn't get updated
carlwenrich wrote: > I put this in my .bash_profile: > > PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin > export PATH > > but when I "echo $PATH" it doesn't include the /opt/lampp/bin. The .bash_profile is sourced by bash when it is invoked as an interactive login shell. Therefore you would need to log in after having made that change in order for bash to read the file and the effect to be seen. Did you log in after having made that change? Was bash invoked as an interactive login shell so that it would read that file? echo $0 echo $- Bob
