Cooper, C. B., and J. A. Smith. 2010. Gender patterns in bird-related
recreation in the USA and UK. Ecology and Society 15(4): 4.
[online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art4/
From the paper's abstract:
Observing birds encompassed both a recreational hobby, "bird watching," that
was female biased in the USA, and a competitive sport, "birding," that was
heavily male biased among adults, but not youth, in both the USA and UK.
Because of differences in gender participation in bird-related activities,
fostering both competitive and noncompetitive bird-related activities is
necessary to increase the likelihood of bringing larger segments of the
population into nature-based recreation.
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Bill E
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