RE: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Karanbir Singh <> scribbled on Thursday, August 14, 2008 2:47 PM:

> http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Laptops/Wireless

Trying to learn wifi netwroking with linux, and CentOS v5.2 in particular. 
Following the above howto helped a bit on the way, but I'm nowhere near getting 
the wifi-card to connect.

I've installed madwifi, ndiswrapper, dkms and whatnot in order to get this 
working, but still it's a no go. Centos does see the card in 
Administration/Network and the wireless network thing is visible in Network 
manager, but when I try connect or create a new connection to my wlan it just 
times out or says it couldn't connect for some reason. The wlan I'm trying to 
connect to is WPA2-PSK using AES.

I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the hwconf's using the 
prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.

Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have the 
wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to see it 
properly from the beginning?

The experimental machine I use is not critical in any way. Only gotcha' is that 
it only has a CD-drive so I have to shuffle discs should I do a complete 
reinstall. 8-)

Thx in advance for any advice.



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[CentOS] USB Drive is detected and but the device "/dev/sda1" is not initialized

[Balaji]

Dear All,

   I have using CentOS 4.4 and My PC USB Drive is detected and
   but the device "/dev/sda1" is not initialized and i have executed the
   dmesg command and I am getting the following messages
  
   usb 1-6: new high speed USB device using address 2

   SCSI subsystem initialized
   Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
   scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices
 Vendor: JetFlash  Model: TS1GJFV30 Rev: 8.07
 Type:   Direct-Access  ANSI SCSI revision: 02
   USB Mass Storage device found at 2
   usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage
   USB Mass Storage support registered.
   SCSI device sda: 1986558 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB)
   sda: Write Protect is off
   sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
   sda: assuming drive cache: write through
   SCSI device sda: 1986558 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB)
   sda: Write Protect is off
   sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
   sda: assuming drive cache: write through
   sda:
   Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0

   and i have tried in windows xp service pack 2 system USB Drive is 
detected
   but can not opened and i am getting the following message please 
insert disk in drive


   I am not sure why this is happening. Can some one throw light on this.


Regards
-S.Balaji

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Re: [CentOS] USB Drive is detected and but the device "/dev/sda1" is not initialized

[Marcelo Roccasalva]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:25 AM, Balaji <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Dear All,
>
>   I have using CentOS 4.4 and My PC USB Drive is detected and
>   but the device "/dev/sda1" is not initialized and i have executed the
>   dmesg command and I am getting the following messages
> usb 1-6: new high speed USB device using address 2
>   SCSI subsystem initialized
>   Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
>   scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices
> Vendor: JetFlash  Model: TS1GJFV30 Rev: 8.07
> Type:   Direct-Access  ANSI SCSI revision: 02
>   USB Mass Storage device found at 2
>   usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage
>   USB Mass Storage support registered.
>   SCSI device sda: 1986558 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB)
>   sda: Write Protect is off
>   sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
>   sda: assuming drive cache: write through
>   SCSI device sda: 1986558 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB)
>   sda: Write Protect is off
>   sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
>   sda: assuming drive cache: write through
>   sda:
>   Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0

Maybe it's not partitioned. Have you tried to mount /dev/sda?

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Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Steve Huff]

On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have  
the
wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to  
see it

properly from the beginning?



before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run /usr/sbin/ 
kudzu (while the wireless card is installed).  that's the program that  
does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your issue.


-steve

---
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improbable fiction. - Fabian, Twelfth Night, III,v




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Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Toshaan Bharvani]

Steve Huff wrote:
>
> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the hwconf's using the 
>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.
>> 
>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have the
>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to 
>> see it
>> properly from the beginning?
>
>
> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 
> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed).  that's the 
> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your 
> issue.
>
> -steve
>
or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my system)
become root
run : /sbin/modprobe prism54
run : dmesg | tail
and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or 
detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business


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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Robert Moskowitz]

Nope.

Barry Brimer wrote:



On Mon, 18 Aug 2008, Robert Moskowitz wrote:


Barry Brimer wrote:



On Mon, 18 Aug 2008, Robert Moskowitz wrote:


Barry Brimer wrote:

Quoting Robert Moskowitz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:



I want to seriously work with IPv6 and not have stray IPv4 functions
messing with me.

So in /etc/sysconfig/network, I commented out NETWORKING=yes. I have
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes.

In /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts I altered ifcfg-eth0, setting
BOOTPROTO=none. That was enough for eth0 to only have IPv6 
working on

it (have IPV6INIT=yes and IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes).

But lo had IPv4. So I commented out all of the IPV4 lines in 
ifcfg-lo.

Still have IPv4 on lo. How do I disable that?



Try adding "alias net-pf-2 off" to your /etc/modprobe.conf

I did that and rebooted.

Then did a ifconfig and lo is still showing an inet address of 
127.0.0.1


and I can ping 127.0.0.1

So that tends to imply that ipv4 is still running.


I would agree with you.

Have you tried setting ONBOOT=no in 
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ??
No, but I do want iPv6 loopback, so I need something working for 
ifcfg-lo


Will try some more tomorrow


Maybe you can try removing IPADDR and NETMASK and adding:

IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6ADDR=::1

The complete documentation for the ifcfg files is in :
/usr/share/doc/initscripts-*/sysconfig.txt

There is a log of other documentation in this file as well .. I would 
just search for ifcfg once inside the file.

I am familiar with sysconfig.txt file, and used it to get to where I was

Edited ifcfg-lo (already commented out all the IPv4 address lines, and 
still was getting 127.0.0.1), added the onboot=no and the IPv6 commands, 
restarted network and got the message:


RTNETLINK answers: File exists

I rebooted and saw this message when the loopback was brought up (even 
with the onboot=no command!). I disabled iptables (it started before 
loopback). Still betting ipv4.


Started looking through /var/log/messages and see that there is a line:

kernel: NET: Registered protocol family 2

Hey, wait a minute, I have in my /etc/modprobe.conf: alias net-pf-2 off

WHAT GIVES HERE

I also see messages about starting IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver. Why? 
I don't need it here for this test?


So it looks like there is a BUNCH of network stuff that runs even if you 
don't ask for it (great defaults, I guess), and no documentation on 
turning the stuff off.




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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Stephen Harris]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 09:09:21AM -0400, Robert Moskowitz wrote:

> kernel: NET: Registered protocol family 2
> 
> Hey, wait a minute, I have in my /etc/modprobe.conf: alias net-pf-2 off
> 
> WHAT GIVES HERE

It's probably compiled into the kernel directly and not as a module.

-- 

rgds
Stephen
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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Barry Brimer]

On Tue, 19 Aug 2008, Stephen Harris wrote:


On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 09:09:21AM -0400, Robert Moskowitz wrote:


kernel: NET: Registered protocol family 2

Hey, wait a minute, I have in my /etc/modprobe.conf: alias net-pf-2 off

WHAT GIVES HERE


It's probably compiled into the kernel directly and not as a module.


I'm not convinced .. you can start without network .. although that may 
just load the interfaces .. I would chkconfig network off and boot again. 
If net-pf-2 still loads in dmesg .. then I would believe it is compiled in 
.. but probably being called from something in rc.sysinit.


Barry
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[CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

Hi,
I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board. It's a 
mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek RTL8102EL 
LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it installs  and runs 
OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel panic at boot.
The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest kernel) or with 
Ubuntu server.


My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board (test 
kernel, i can try for example)?



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RE: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Sorin Srbu]

>-Original Message-
>From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of
>Steve Huff
>Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 2:16 PM
>To: CentOS mailing list
>Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration
>
>
>On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have
>> the
>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to
>> see it
>> properly from the beginning?
>
>
>before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run /usr/sbin/
>kudzu (while the wireless card is installed).  that's the program that
>does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your issue.

Think I already did that, but I'll do it again to be sure and reboot between.
We'll see of it works out. Thx.


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RE: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Sorin Srbu]

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of Toshaan Bharvani
Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 2:42 PM
To: centos@centos.org
Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

 

Steve Huff wrote:
>
> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the hwconf's using
the 
>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.
>> 
>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have the
>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to 
>> see it
>> properly from the beginning?
>
>
> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 
> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed). that's the 
> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your 
> issue.
>
> -steve
>
or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my system)
become root
run : /sbin/modprobe prism54
run : dmesg | tail
and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or 
detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business



Isn't it implied that since "prism54" is listed in /etc/sysconfig/hwconf for
the wifi-card that the module has been loaded already? Or is this some of the
magical stuff that sometimes doesn't happen for whatever reason? 8-)



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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[ABBAS KHAN]

I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek chipset. Disabling / enabling on
board LAN from the BIOS works flawlessly.
You can make sure if the board is certified at hardware.redhat.com.
I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live CD and the dmesg tool as
well.

Good luck!



On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Hi,
> I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board. It's a mini-ITX
> board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek RTL8102EL LAN chipset.
> When I disable the on-board LAN card it installs  and runs OK, but when I
> enable it, I get kernel panic at boot.
> The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest kernel) or with
> Ubuntu server.
>
> My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board (test kernel,
> i can try for example)?
>
>
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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Darryl Ross]

Barry Brimer wrote:
> On Tue, 19 Aug 2008, Stephen Harris wrote:
>> It's probably compiled into the kernel directly and not as a module.
> 
> I'm not convinced .. you can start without network .. although that may
> just load the interfaces .. I would chkconfig network off and boot
> again. If net-pf-2 still loads in dmesg .. then I would believe it is
> compiled in .. but probably being called from something in rc.sysinit.

It's even simpler than that: if an lsmod shows ipv4, it's a module, if it
doesn't, then it's compiled in.

I cannot think of a stock distro kernel in the whole time I've been using
Linux (since about 1998) that has not had ipv4 compiled in.

To the original poster, you are going to want to build a custom kernel that
does not have ipv4 support enabled.

Regards
Darryl

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[CentOS] Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[ABBAS KHAN]

I'm adding the default gateway to the route through "route add default gw
10.10.10.10" which is also shown in "route -n" but the problem is that as
soon as I restart the network through /etc/init.d/network restart; the route
sets to default one...!
SO, my question is there any way to save the modified route permanently by
hardcoding the changes?

Thanks.
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I need 
the on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router and I need 2 
LAN cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.


ABBAS KHAN wrote:
I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek chipset. Disabling / 
enabling on board LAN from the BIOS works flawlessly.
You can make sure if the board is certified at hardware.redhat.com 
.
I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live CD and the dmesg tool 
as well.


Good luck!



On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> wrote:


Hi,
I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board. It's a
mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek
RTL8102EL LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it
installs  and runs OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel panic at
boot.
The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest kernel) or
with Ubuntu server.

My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board
(test kernel, i can try for example)?


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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Robert Moskowitz]

Bad news...

Barry Brimer wrote:



On Tue, 19 Aug 2008, Stephen Harris wrote:


On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 09:09:21AM -0400, Robert Moskowitz wrote:


kernel: NET: Registered protocol family 2

Hey, wait a minute, I have in my /etc/modprobe.conf: alias net-pf-2 off

WHAT GIVES HERE


It's probably compiled into the kernel directly and not as a module.


I'm not convinced .. you can start without network .. although that 
may just load the interfaces .. I would chkconfig network off and boot 
again. If net-pf-2 still loads in dmesg .. then I would believe it is 
compiled in .. but probably being called from something in rc.sysinit.
I disabled network. For all runlevels. Rebooted. Did not see any 
messages about starting loopback.


Opened a terminal window and did a ifconfig. There was lo with 127.0.0.1 
(along with ::1). pinged 127.0.0.1. Does not look good. looked at dmesg, 
grepping for NET. Families 16,2,1,17,10, and 31 registered.


So looks like I am stuck with IPv4 no matter what. Unless there is some 
magic glue in rc.sysinit.



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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Brett Serkez]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I need the
> on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router and I need 2 LAN
> cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.

I had a similar problem with a similar Intel  MB, it didn't crash at
boot, but randomly crashed at run-time.

With the LAN disabled, I did a yum update and then was able to
re-enable the LAN with a newer kernel.  The system has been stable for
several weeks with the newer kernel.

Brett
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[CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[Tom Diehl]

On Tue, 19 Aug 2008, ABBAS KHAN wrote:


I'm adding the default gateway to the route through "route add default gw
10.10.10.10" which is also shown in "route -n" but the problem is that as
soon as I restart the network through /etc/init.d/network restart; the route
sets to default one...!
SO, my question is there any way to save the modified route permanently by
hardcoding the changes?


There are several ways, actually.

System-config-network is one way, or if like me you prefer to edit the config
files by hand you can edit the files in 
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth*
or the file /etc/sysconfig/network. There needs to be a GATEWAY= line in one of
those files. If you have an existing GATEWAY line modify it to taste. If you
have no default gateway I would suggest putting it in /etc/sysconfig/ifcfg-eth?.
Where the ? corresponds to the interface that points to the gateway.

Hope this helps.

Regards,

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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[ABBAS KHAN]

Here is the driver, provided for Intel for the board.
http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?ProductID=2916&DwnldID=16242&lang=eng

You can compile it and give it a try as a last resort, if everything else
fails.
Could you please tell the version of kernal you're using?
A simple search showed that this LAN card has a lot of issues with kernal.

Thanks.





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I need the
> on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router and I need 2 LAN
> cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.
>
> ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>
>> I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek chipset. Disabling / enabling
>> on board LAN from the BIOS works flawlessly.
>> You can make sure if the board is certified at hardware.redhat.com <
>> http://hardware.redhat.com>.
>> I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live CD and the dmesg tool as
>> well.
>>
>> Good luck!
>>
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [EMAIL PROTECTED]>> wrote:
>>
>>Hi,
>>I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board. It's a
>>mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek
>>RTL8102EL LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it
>>installs  and runs OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel panic at
>>boot.
>>The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest kernel) or
>>with Ubuntu server.
>>
>>My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board
>>(test kernel, i can try for example)?
>>
>>
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

I tried yum update and it doesn't work with the newest kernel either. 
That's why I'm asking about a test kernel.



Brett Serkez wrote:

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
  

I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I need the
on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router and I need 2 LAN
cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.



I had a similar problem with a similar Intel  MB, it didn't crash at
boot, but randomly crashed at run-time.

With the LAN disabled, I did a yum update and then was able to
re-enable the LAN with a newer kernel.  The system has been stable for
several weeks with the newer kernel.

Brett
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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Darryl Ross]

Robert Moskowitz wrote:
> So looks like I am stuck with IPv4 no matter what. Unless there is some
> magic glue in rc.sysinit.

Build a custom kernel and remove ipv4 support (or make it a module). It really
isn't that hard.

-D
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

I tried kernel-2.6.18-92.1.10.el5.x86_64.
I know of the driver on the Intel page, but I would like a system that 
works out of the box. So I can update it any time, since this system 
will be a router and it will be connected to the internet 24/7.



  



ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Here is the driver, provided for Intel for the board.
http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?ProductID=2916&DwnldID=16242&lang=eng 



You can compile it and give it a try as a last resort, if everything 
else fails.

Could you please tell the version of kernal you're using?
A simple search showed that this LAN card has a lot of issues with kernal.

Thanks.





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> wrote:


I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I
need the on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router
and I need 2 LAN cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.

ABBAS KHAN wrote:

I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek chipset. Disabling
/ enabling on board LAN from the BIOS works flawlessly.
You can make sure if the board is certified at
hardware.redhat.com 
.

I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live CD and the
dmesg tool as well.

Good luck!



On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj
<[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
>>
wrote:

   Hi,
   I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board.
It's a
   mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek
   RTL8102EL LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it
   installs  and runs OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel
panic at
   boot.
   The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest
kernel) or
   with Ubuntu server.

   My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board
   (test kernel, i can try for example)?


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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[ABBAS KHAN]

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

*r8169


*


On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:11 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I tried kernel-2.6.18-92.1.10.el5.x86_64.
> I know of the driver on the Intel page, but I would like a system that
> works out of the box. So I can update it any time, since this system will be
> a router and it will be connected to the internet 24/7.
>
>
> <
> http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5.2/updates/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-2.6.18-92.1.10.el5.x86_64.rpm>
>
>
> ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>
>> Here is the driver, provided for Intel for the board.
>>
>> http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?ProductID=2916&DwnldID=16242&lang=eng<
>> http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?ProductID=2916&DwnldID=16242&lang=eng
>> >
>>
>> You can compile it and give it a try as a last resort, if everything else
>> fails.
>> Could you please tell the version of kernal you're using?
>> A simple search showed that this LAN card has a lot of issues with kernal.
>>
>> Thanks.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [EMAIL PROTECTED]>> wrote:
>>
>>I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The problem is that I
>>need the on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router
>>and I need 2 LAN cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.
>>
>>ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>>
>>I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek chipset. Disabling
>>/ enabling on board LAN from the BIOS works flawlessly.
>>You can make sure if the board is certified at
>>hardware.redhat.com 
>>.
>>
>>I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live CD and the
>>dmesg tool as well.
>>
>>Good luck!
>>
>>
>>
>>On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj
>><[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
>>>>
>>wrote:
>>
>>   Hi,
>>   I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board.
>>It's a
>>   mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek
>>   RTL8102EL LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it
>>   installs  and runs OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel
>>panic at
>>   boot.
>>   The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest
>>kernel) or
>>   with Ubuntu server.
>>
>>   My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board
>>   (test kernel, i can try for example)?
>>
>>
>>   ___
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>>>
>>
>>   http://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos
>>
>>
>>
>>  
>>
>>
>>
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Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Toshaan Bharvani]

Sorin Srbu wrote:

  
  
  

  
  
  
  
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Toshaan
Bharvani

  Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 2:42 PM

  To: centos@centos.org

  Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration
  
  
   
  Steve
Huff wrote:

>

> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

>

>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the
hwconf's
using the 

>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.

>> 

>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and
have
the

>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos
installer to 

>> see it

>> properly from the beginning?

>

>

> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 

> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed). that's the
  

> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out
your 

> issue.

>

> -steve

>

or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my
system)

become root

run : /sbin/modprobe prism54

run : dmesg | tail

and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or
  

detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business

  

  
  Isn’t it
implied that since ”prism54” is listed in /etc/sysconfig/hwconf for the
wifi-card that the module has been loaded already? Or is this some of
the
magical stuff that sometimes doesn’t happen for whatever reason? 8-)
  
  
  

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/etc/sysconfig/hwconf is the file kudzu creates when of all detected
hardware at startup and it related this hardware with drivers in the
kernel

but certain drivers are modules in the kernel, wich need to be loaded
manually or later when the system is already running

this can be done by method 1 explained here above or adding them in
/etc/modprobe.conf which makes it load the modules at startup

you will need to add the line (if it is not yet there) :

alias wlan0 prism54

you can check whether the module is loaded with : /sbin/lsmod | grep
prism54


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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Michel van Deventer]

Hi,

I use the same board for my backupserver. I just added a gigabit Intel
card to the board (on the pci bus) and all went well. No more issues
with realtek hardware.


On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 07:20 -0700, ABBAS KHAN wrote:
> Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?
> 
> r8169
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:11 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
> I tried kernel-2.6.18-92.1.10.el5.x86_64.
> I know of the driver on the Intel page, but I would like a
> system that works out of the box. So I can update it any time,
> since this system will be a router and it will be connected to
> the internet 24/7.
> 
> 
> 
> 
>   
> 
> ABBAS KHAN wrote:
> Here is the driver, provided for Intel for the board.
> 
> 
> http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?ProductID=2916&DwnldID=16242&lang=eng
>  
> 
> 
> 
> You can compile it and give it a try as a last resort,
> if everything else fails.
> Could you please tell the version of kernal you're
> using?
> A simple search showed that this LAN card has a lot of
> issues with kernal.
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:38 AM, Janez Košmrlj
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED] >
> wrote:
> 
>I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS works. The
> problem is that I
>need the on-board card, since I am trying to build
> a home router
>and I need 2 LAN cards for that. And the board has
> only one PCI slot.
> 
>ABBAS KHAN wrote:
> 
>I've Intel DG31PR with almost same Realtek
> chipset. Disabling
>/ enabling on board LAN from the BIOS works
> flawlessly.
>You can make sure if the board is certified at
>hardware.redhat.com
> 
>.
> 
>I guess to test kernal you can use CentOS Live
> CD and the
>dmesg tool as well.
> 
>Good luck!
> 
> 
> 
>On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:22 AM, Janez Košmrlj
><[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> 
> >>
> 
>wrote:
> 
>   Hi,
>   I am trying to install centos on the intel
> D945GCLF board.
>It's a
>   mini-ITX board with the atom processor and
> it uses the Realtek
>   RTL8102EL LAN chipset. When I disable the
> on-board LAN card it
>   installs  and runs OK, but when I enable it,
> I get kernel
>panic at
>   boot.
>   The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with
> the latest
>kernel) or
>   with Ubuntu server.
> 
>   My question is: is there some way to run
> centos on this board
>   (test kernel, i can try for example)?
> 
> 
> 
> ___
>   CentOS mailing list
>   CentOS@centos.org 
> 
> >
> 
> 
> 
> http://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos
> 
> 
> 
>  
> 
> 
> 
> 
>___
> 

Re: [CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[ABBAS KHAN]

Thats the config file, I was looking for.
Thanks Tom.
Worked like a charm :)





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 6:48 AM, Tom Diehl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Tue, 19 Aug 2008, ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>
>  I'm adding the default gateway to the route through "route add default gw
>> 10.10.10.10" which is also shown in "route -n" but the problem is that as
>> soon as I restart the network through /etc/init.d/network restart; the
>> route
>> sets to default one...!
>> SO, my question is there any way to save the modified route permanently by
>> hardcoding the changes?
>>
>
> There are several ways, actually.
>
> System-config-network is one way, or if like me you prefer to edit the
> config
> files by hand you can edit the files in
> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth*
> or the file /etc/sysconfig/network. There needs to be a GATEWAY= line in
> one of
> those files. If you have an existing GATEWAY line modify it to taste. If
> you
> have no default gateway I would suggest putting it in
> /etc/sysconfig/ifcfg-eth?.
> Where the ? corresponds to the interface that points to the gateway.
>
> Hope this helps.
>
> Regards,
>
> --
> Tom Diehl   [EMAIL PROTECTED] Spamtrap address
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
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[CentOS] Simple IPTABLES Question

[Matt]

I added these rules to IPTABLES to slow brute force attacks.

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -s my_subnet/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent
--set --name SSH
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent
--update --seconds 60 --hitcount 5 --rttl --name SSH -j DROP

I would like log entries when connections are dropped to see that its
working.  How do I do that?

I am guessing I would add this before the drop.

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent
--update --seconds 60 --hitcount 5 --rttl --name SSH -j LOG
--log-prefix 'SSH attack: '

Is that right?  Thanks.

Matt
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Toshaan Bharvani]

Janez Ko�mrlj wrote:
I tried
yum update and it doesn't work with the newest kernel either. That's
why I'm asking about a test kernel.
  

  

  

Brett Serkez wrote:
  

  On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:38 AM, Janez
Ko�mrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


�
I know that disabling the LAN in BIOS
works. The problem is that I need the
  

on-board card, since I am trying to build a home router and I need 2
LAN
  

cards for that. And the board has only one PCI slot.
  

��� 


I had a similar problem with a similar Intel� MB, it didn't crash at


boot, but randomly crashed at run-time.




With the LAN disabled, I did a yum update and then was able to


re-enable the LAN with a newer kernel.� The system has been stable for


several weeks with the newer kernel.




Brett


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if your /sbin/lspci output looks like this please try the following :

Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor
Co., Ltd. RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller(rev 01)

Subsystem: Intel Corporation Unknown device d607
add the rpmforge repo (instructions here :
https://rpmrepo.org/RPMforge/Using)

then run : yum install dkms-r1000

reboot and hope it works

otherwise just download the intel linux driver from the website and
compile manually against your kernel



I hope to receive mine somewhere next week, will try then again and let
you know


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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

Here is the lspci output from the machine:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller 
Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ 
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High 
Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI 
Controller (rev 01)

00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC 
Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE 
Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) 
SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller 
(rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E 
PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)


the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this one 
works ok.


And yes this is the module.

And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround, but i 
need two LAN cards.



ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

/*r8169

*/


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[CentOS] centos 5.2 booting thumbdrive

[Jerry Geis]

Anyone have instructions or have been successful in booting centos 5.2 
from an thumbdrive?


I have instructions for centos 4 from 
http://fungliding.blogspot.com/2005_04_01_fungliding_archive.html

and that worked. However, it doesnt seem to be working for centos 5.2.

Thanks for any tips.

Jerry
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Re: [CentOS] Disabling IPv4

[Robert Moskowitz]

Darryl Ross wrote:

Robert Moskowitz wrote:
  

So looks like I am stuck with IPv4 no matter what. Unless there is some
magic glue in rc.sysinit.



Build a custom kernel and remove ipv4 support (or make it a module). It really
isn't that hard.

It really is not worth it.

The desire to disable IPv4 was to clear out any 'confusion' while 
getting apps working on IPv6. Since this is a mobile project using HIP, 
I plan on using Teredo when on networks not providing native IPv6. So at 
some point IPv4 is needed again.


Just an eye-opener that IPv4 is like, forever. At least right now.

But you now, I remember the fights back in the early '90s to get IP into 
OSs.



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Re: [CentOS] Simple IPTABLES Question

[David Dyer-Bennet]

On Tue, August 19, 2008 09:33, Matt wrote:

>
> I would like log entries when connections are dropped to see that its
> working.  How do I do that?
>
> I am guessing I would add this before the drop.
>
> iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent
> --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 5 --rttl --name SSH -j LOG
> --log-prefix 'SSH attack: '
>
> Is that right?  Thanks.

That's the right general approach; duplicate the drop rule but with a LOG
target and appropriate logging parameters.

-- 
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Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
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RE: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Sorin Srbu]

 

 

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of Toshaan Bharvani
Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 4:24 PM
To: centos@centos.org
Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration


> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the hwconf's using
the 
>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.
>> 
>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have the
>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to 
>> see it
>> properly from the beginning?
>
>
> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 
> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed). that's the 
> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your 
> issue.
>
> -steve
>
or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my system)
become root
run : /sbin/modprobe prism54
run : dmesg | tail
and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or 
detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business




Isn't it implied that since "prism54" is listed in /etc/sysconfig/hwconf for
the wifi-card that the module has been loaded already? Or is this some of the
magical stuff that sometimes doesn't happen for whatever reason? 8-) 

/etc/sysconfig/hwconf is the file kudzu creates when of all detected hardware
at startup and it related this hardware with drivers in the kernel
but certain drivers are modules in the kernel, wich need to be loaded manually
or later when the system is already running
this can be done by method 1 explained here above or adding them in
/etc/modprobe.conf which makes it load the modules at startup
you will need to add the line (if it is not yet there) :
alias wlan0 prism54
you can check whether the module is loaded with : /sbin/lsmod | grep prism54

Excellent explanation. Thx.



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[CentOS] Re: centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Scott Silva]

on 8-19-2008 6:22 AM � spake the following:

Hi,
I am trying to install centos on the intel D945GCLF board. It's a 
mini-ITX board with the atom processor and it uses the Realtek RTL8102EL 
LAN chipset. When I disable the on-board LAN card it installs  and runs 
OK, but when I enable it, I get kernel panic at boot.
The board runs perfectlj with Fedora 9 (with the latest kernel) or with 
Ubuntu server.


My question is: is there some way to run centos on this board (test 
kernel, i can try for example)?
Sometimes it is just easier to "run what works" then to try and beat CentOS 
into submission.
That is the biggest negative with an enterprise distro. They just don't run 
100% on the latest hardware all the time. That is why when you buy true server 
hardware they don't have the newest chipsets and the latest network and video.


--
MailScanner is like deodorant...
You hope everybody uses it, and
you notice quickly if they don't



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[CentOS] About fetchmail

[Ismail OZATAY]

Hi all,

I am new for this group. I am using fetchmail as a pop connector. It
downloads a lot of pop3 inbox from some isps and it works properly. Today i
installed postfix and mailscanner for filtering virus and spam mails on the
same server but there is something wrong with mail headers. Because mail
header says that mail coming from localhost 127.0.0.1 which is already
whitelisted. So every incoming mail is tagged as clean. How can i fix this
problem ? Can i send incoming mails to smtp with the original header?

.fetchmailrc
-
   set daemon 20
   set syslog
   set postmaster root
   poll pop.gmail.com with proto POP3 and options no dns
user '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' with pass "123456"  is '[EMAIL PROTECTED]' 
here options ssl

fetchall
no keep
no rewrite
sslcertck  sslcertpath '/home/.certs'
smtphost localhost


Thanks

ismail

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[CentOS] Re: centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Scott Silva]

on 8-19-2008 7:49 AM � spake the following:

Here is the lspci output from the machine:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller 
Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ 
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High 
Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express 
Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI 
Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI 
Controller (rev 01)

00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC 
Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE 
Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) 
SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller 
(rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E 
PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)


the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this one 
works ok.


And yes this is the module.

And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround, but i 
need two LAN cards.



ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

/*r8169

*/

Maybe there is a multi-port net card supported by CentOS?



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Re: [CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[Bob Beers]

IIANM, you can also use /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth*, no?

Take a look at /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes script.

-Bob
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[CentOS] Where is cached memory going?

[ABBAS KHAN]

As by the time, I've learned that Linux works by caching apps by using a lot
of RAM and then it reallocates the new stuff by cleaning the old cached
pages from memory as compared to other OSs. With 2 gigs of RAM often I see
the free memory only as 100-400MB. Using TOP or PS, it doesn't look like any
program or process is using excessive memory (the highest process is seen
with 1-2% total memory). *So, my questions are:*

 what programs are using that much of memory? (or cached memory)
Is that really due to a lot of cache in the memory
*if yes, then, is there a way to parse the cache to findout what
applications are eating up the cache?*
*how to free the cached memory?*



*Currently, here are the details:*

Top two high mem processes only using 2.6% of RAM.

[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# ps aux | sort -nrk4 | head -2
abbask5922  0.0  1.4 364300 28312 ?SAug19   0:00
/usr/bin/python -E /usr/bin/sealert -s
ntop  4914  0.0  1.2 332752 24760 ?Ssl  Aug19   0:00 ntop -d -L
@/etc/ntop.conf


[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# head -5 /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:  1913856 kB
MemFree:500612 kB
Buffers:169720 kB
Cached: 751000 kB
SwapCached:  0 kB


[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# free -m
 total   used   free sharedbuffers cached
Mem:  1869   1380488  0165733
-/+ buffers/cache:480   1388
Swap: 1983  0   1983


*Total percentage memory for all the processes, being used is 15.5% only.


[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# ps aux | awk '{print $4}' | grep [0-9] | tr -s "\n" "+" |
awk '{print $1 0 }' | bc
15.5*

*
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Re: [CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[ABBAS KHAN]

Thanks Bob for the additional tip :)




On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:28 AM, Bob Beers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> IIANM, you can also use /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth*, no?
>
> Take a look at /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes script.
>
> -Bob
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Re: [CentOS] Where is cached memory going?

[David Dyer-Bennet]

On Tue, August 19, 2008 11:31, ABBAS KHAN wrote:
> As by the time, I've learned that Linux works by caching apps by using a
> lot
> of RAM and then it reallocates the new stuff by cleaning the old cached
> pages from memory as compared to other OSs. With 2 gigs of RAM often I see
> the free memory only as 100-400MB. Using TOP or PS, it doesn't look like
> any
> program or process is using excessive memory (the highest process is seen
> with 1-2% total memory). *So, my questions are:*
>
>  what programs are using that much of memory? (or cached memory)

It's very likely being used as disk cache.  You can get some more numbers
by running top, and looking at the last two lines of the headers.  I
routinely see over 1GB of cache on a not very active 4GB system.  Your
meminfo output is the same numbers, and looks completely normal to me.

Free memory is *bad*; it means it's being wasted completely.  Memory used
for disk caching is instantly available if it's suddenly needed for a
program.

> Is that really due to a lot of cache in the memory
> *if yes, then, is there a way to parse the cache to findout what
> applications are eating up the cache?*

It's only indirectly tied to an application; it's cached disk blocks.  You
could say the process that read that file last is responsible, but the
*next* process to read those blocks is the one that would benefit.

> *how to free the cached memory?*

Why do you want to?  As I said, "free" memory is memory that's going to
waste.  Unless you have severe real-time issues with a process becoming
runnable where the difference between discarding a clean cached page, and
just allocating a free page, will make a difference, there's no point.  If
you DO have that level really extreme real-time performance issues, you
need to understand the whole virtual memory system an order of magnitude
better than you seem to.  That's off in a far corner of the Linux
application space -- Linux can do some real-time stuff, but it's not the
first choice for hard real-time environments last time I talked to any of
those people.

-- 
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Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
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[CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[Scott Silva]

on 8-19-2008 9:31 AM ABBAS KHAN spake the following:
As by the time, I've learned that Linux works by caching apps by using a 
lot of RAM and then it reallocates the new stuff by cleaning the old 
cached pages from memory as compared to other OSs. With 2 gigs of RAM 
often I see the free memory only as 100-400MB. Using TOP or PS, it 
doesn't look like any program or process is using excessive memory (the 
highest process is seen with 1-2% total memory). *So, my questions are:*


 what programs are using that much of memory? (or cached memory)
Is that really due to a lot of cache in the memory
/*if yes, then, is there a way to parse the cache to findout what 
applications are eating up the cache?*/

/*how to free the cached memory?*/


Why do you need to free the cached memory? That is just how linux works. 
Having frequently accessed files in the cache more than offsets the time it 
takes to release the old pages. Trying to have a bunch of free memory will 
only make your system slower as it has to read all that data from DASD instead 
of ram. (I just dated myself with the DASD comment)


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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[David Dyer-Bennet]

On Tue, August 19, 2008 11:43, Scott Silva wrote:

> (I just dated myself with the DASD comment)

And branded.

I don't recall that anybody referred to "DASD" connected to our IBM 1401;
it was just "disk".  Were we just a weird corner (I wouldn't swear they
didn't use some weird term like DASD in the manuals, just that none of the
people I worked with used it)?  Or was that a later term, say from the 360
generation?

(When I worked on the 1401, we were in fact well into the 360 generation
chronologically, just not at the place I was working; that was in 1969,
and we moved from the 1401 to a DEC PDP-11/20 just a couple of years after
that.)
-- 
David Dyer-Bennet, [EMAIL PROTECTED]; http://dd-b.net/
Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
Dragaera: http://dragaera.info

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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[ABBAS KHAN]

Thats what I wanted to know and thats exactly what I saw people complaining
about this card's incompatibility with kernel.
If you have time to work on the issue, if you want to find out the bottom
causes and if compiling the new driver doesn't help; you can boot to Fedora
and get the Kernel version and the driver's module number and then switch
back to CentOS, try to load the same module
(i hope it would be also in CentOS under /lib/modules/) through modprobe and
then the same kernel environment, if possible - since you already told that
Fedora's drivers work fine for you!

I hope this helps!





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:49 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Here is the lspci output from the machine:
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
> 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub
> (rev 02)
> 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated
> Graphics Controller (rev 02)
> 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High
> Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
> 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port
> 1 (rev 01)
> 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port
> 3 (rev 01)
> 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port
> 4 (rev 01)
> 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI
> Controller #1 (rev 01)
> 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI
> Controller #2 (rev 01)
> 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI
> Controller #3 (rev 01)
> 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI
> Controller #4 (rev 01)
> 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI
> Controller (rev 01)
> 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
> 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC
> Interface Bridge (rev 01)
> 00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE
> Controller (rev 01)
> 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA
> IDE Controller (rev 01)
> 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev
> 01)
> 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E PCI
> Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
> 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
> RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)
>
> the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this one works
> ok.
>
> And yes this is the module.
>
> And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround, but i need
> two LAN cards.
>
>
> ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>
>> Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?
>>
>> /*r8169
>>
>> */
>>
>
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Re: [CentOS] Where is cached memory going?

[ABBAS KHAN]

An awesome reply.
Makes sense!

Thanks.




On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:42 AM, David Dyer-Bennet <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>
> On Tue, August 19, 2008 11:31, ABBAS KHAN wrote:
> > As by the time, I've learned that Linux works by caching apps by using a
> > lot
> > of RAM and then it reallocates the new stuff by cleaning the old cached
> > pages from memory as compared to other OSs. With 2 gigs of RAM often I
> see
> > the free memory only as 100-400MB. Using TOP or PS, it doesn't look like
> > any
> > program or process is using excessive memory (the highest process is seen
> > with 1-2% total memory). *So, my questions are:*
> >
> >  what programs are using that much of memory? (or cached memory)
>
> It's very likely being used as disk cache.  You can get some more numbers
> by running top, and looking at the last two lines of the headers.  I
> routinely see over 1GB of cache on a not very active 4GB system.  Your
> meminfo output is the same numbers, and looks completely normal to me.
>
> Free memory is *bad*; it means it's being wasted completely.  Memory used
> for disk caching is instantly available if it's suddenly needed for a
> program.
>
> > Is that really due to a lot of cache in the memory
> > *if yes, then, is there a way to parse the cache to findout what
> > applications are eating up the cache?*
>
> It's only indirectly tied to an application; it's cached disk blocks.  You
> could say the process that read that file last is responsible, but the
> *next* process to read those blocks is the one that would benefit.
>
> > *how to free the cached memory?*
>
> Why do you want to?  As I said, "free" memory is memory that's going to
> waste.  Unless you have severe real-time issues with a process becoming
> runnable where the difference between discarding a clean cached page, and
> just allocating a free page, will make a difference, there's no point.  If
> you DO have that level really extreme real-time performance issues, you
> need to understand the whole virtual memory system an order of magnitude
> better than you seem to.  That's off in a far corner of the Linux
> application space -- Linux can do some real-time stuff, but it's not the
> first choice for hard real-time environments last time I talked to any of
> those people.
>
> --
> David Dyer-Bennet, [EMAIL PROTECTED]; http://dd-b.net/
> Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
> Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
> Dragaera: http://dragaera.info
>
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Re: [CentOS] Re: centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Robert]

Scott Silva wrote:

on 8-19-2008 7:49 AM � spake the following:

Here is the lspci output from the machine:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory 
Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ 
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High 
Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI 
Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI 
Express Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI 
Express Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB 
UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB 
UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB 
UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB 
UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 
EHCI Controller (rev 01)

00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC 
Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE 
Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) 
SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus 
Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E 
PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)


the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this one 
works ok.


And yes this is the module.

And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround, but 
i need two LAN cards.



ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

/*r8169

*/

Maybe there is a multi-port net card supported by CentOS?


Yes, and they're common as pig tracks.
I have 3 Intel Pro 100+ cards, 2 of which have just worked for several 
years.  I bought mine at a local surplus sale but I notice there are 
some available on ebay:

http://snipurl.com/3hrgs  [cgi_ebay_com]

Gigabit dual port boards are a bit more expensive but very much available.

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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[William L. Maltby]

On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 11:50 -0500, David Dyer-Bennet wrote:
> On Tue, August 19, 2008 11:43, Scott Silva wrote:
> 
> > (I just dated myself with the DASD comment)

Quit that! Get a girl friend or something!  ;-)

> 
> And branded.
> 
> I don't recall that anybody referred to "DASD" connected to our IBM 1401;
> it was just "disk".  Were we just a weird corner (I wouldn't swear they
> didn't use some weird term like DASD in the manuals, just that none of the
> people I worked with used it)?  Or was that a later term, say from the 360
> generation?
> 
> (When I worked on the 1401, we were in fact well into the 360 generation
> chronologically, just not at the place I was working; that was in 1969,
> and we moved from the 1401 to a DEC PDP-11/20 just a couple of years after
> that.)

Ditto here. But our 1401 stuff was being emulated on S360/30. During
that time, DASD became the lazy acronym used extensively to cover any of
the then-extant direct-access devices (drums, cylinders, "disks" -
euphemistically mounted in "pizza ovens (2314/19 IIRC).

-- 
Bill

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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[William L. Maltby]

On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 13:06 -0400, William L. Maltby wrote:
> 
> that time, DASD became the lazy acronym used extensively to cover any of
> the then-extant direct-access devices (drums, cylinders, "disks" -
> euphemistically mounted in "pizza ovens (2314/19 IIRC).

Hmmm... 2311 sticks in my mind too! Oh well, time to

BALR 14

-- 
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> 

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RE: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Sorin Srbu]

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of Toshaan Bharvani
Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 4:24 PM
To: centos@centos.org
Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

 

Sorin Srbu wrote: 

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of Toshaan Bharvani
Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 2:42 PM
To: centos@centos.org
Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

Steve Huff wrote:
>
> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the hwconf's using
the 
>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.
>> 
>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and have the
>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos installer to 
>> see it
>> properly from the beginning?
>
>
> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 
> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed). that's the 
> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out your 
> issue.
>
> -steve
>
or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my system)
become root
run : /sbin/modprobe prism54
run : dmesg | tail
and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or 
detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business



Isn't it implied that since "prism54" is listed in /etc/sysconfig/hwconf for
the wifi-card that the module has been loaded already? Or is this some of the
magical stuff that sometimes doesn't happen for whatever reason? 8-)  

/etc/sysconfig/hwconf is the file kudzu creates when of all detected hardware
at startup and it related this hardware with drivers in the kernel
but certain drivers are modules in the kernel, wich need to be loaded manually
or later when the system is already running
this can be done by method 1 explained here above or adding them in
/etc/modprobe.conf which makes it load the modules at startup
you will need to add the line (if it is not yet there) :
alias wlan0 prism54
you can check whether the module is loaded with : /sbin/lsmod | grep prism54

This is how far I got with the above hints. For some reason I don't have a
wlan0, but instead a eth0. I did create an alias in Network Manager for eth0 >
wlan0. Then I ran the below modprobe command according to the below.

"[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# /sbin/modprobe prism54

[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# dmesg|tail

eth0: resetting device...

eth0: uploading firmware...

prism54: request_firmware() failed for 'isl3890'

eth0: could not upload firmware ('isl3890')

eth0: islpci_reset: failure

eth0: resetting device...

eth0: uploading firmware...

prism54: request_firmware() failed for 'isl3890'

eth0: could not upload firmware ('isl3890')

eth0: islpci_reset: failure

[EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]#"

 

"When I try to activate wlan0, I get this message:

Error for wireless request "Set Bit Rate" (8B20) :

SET failed on device eth0 ; Input/output error.

Determining IP information for eth0...SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory

SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory

 failed."

In /etc/modprobe.conf I've added the line "alias wlan0 prism54".

What's more, I went to the prism54.org site and found a firmware, downloaded
it and as per instructed on the site, renamed the .arm-file to isl3890 and put
it in /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware.

Upon restarting and activating wlan0 I still get the above SIOC-error.

I have a hunch this might actually work if I put the isl3890-file in the
correct place. Not sure /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware *is* actually right, as I
had to create the hotplugs and firmware-folders.

Any hints on this guys?

TIA.



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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[MHR]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 10:06 AM, William L. Maltby
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 11:50 -0500, David Dyer-Bennet wrote:
>> On Tue, August 19, 2008 11:43, Scott Silva wrote:
>>
>> > (I just dated myself with the DASD comment)
>
> Quit that! Get a girl friend or something!  ;-)
>
Hey, he should be glad his numbers go that high!

(My office mate just said that  ;^)

I had to think about what DASD stands for, and I've been around for a
while.  Besides, nowadays there are DASDs other than disk

mhr
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

I don't have fedora installed on the machine any more. But if i 
understand correctly, if compiling the driver doesn't work, i can copy 
the module from a fedora machine and replace the current one?


ABBAS KHAN wrote:
Thats what I wanted to know and thats exactly what I saw people 
complaining about this card's incompatibility with kernel.
If you have time to work on the issue, if you want to find out the 
bottom causes and if compiling the new driver doesn't help; you can 
boot to Fedora and get the Kernel version and the driver's module 
number and then switch back to CentOS, try to load the same module
(i hope it would be also in CentOS under /lib/modules/) through 
modprobe and then the same kernel environment, if possible - since you 
already told that Fedora's drivers work fine for you!


I hope this helps!





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:49 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> wrote:


Here is the lspci output from the machine:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory
Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High
Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family)
USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC
Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE
Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7
Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus
Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)

the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this
one works ok.

And yes this is the module.

And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround,
but i need two LAN cards.


ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

/*r8169

*/


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[CentOS] USB drive detected, but nothing gets mounted.

[MHR]

I have a brand new, unaltered (as yet) 4Gb USB flash drive from Micro
Center that does not get automounted when I plug it into my 5.2
desktop (home or work).

It shows up in lsusb, and I can mount it manually, so why would it not
mount automatically?  Note that when I plug in other flash drives on
the same machine before and after, they all get automounted as usual.

Curious

mhr
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Re: [CentOS] USB drive detected, but nothing gets mounted.

[Dan Halbert]

MHR wrote:

I have a brand new, unaltered (as yet) 4Gb USB flash drive from Micro
Center that does not get automounted when I plug it into my 5.2
desktop (home or work).
The 1GB flash drive I got from Micro Center a while ago had was a U3 
drive, so it mounts as both a CD-ROM and a R/W drive. I'm not sure if 
that's the problem here. What happens if you try it on Windows? You can 
get (Windows) software to turn off the U3 stuff from http://www.u3.com.

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Re: [CentOS] About fetchmail

[Marcelo Roccasalva]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 1:16 PM, Ismail OZATAY <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I am new for this group. I am using fetchmail as a pop connector. It
> downloads a lot of pop3 inbox from some isps and it works properly. Today i
> installed postfix and mailscanner for filtering virus and spam mails on the
> same server but there is something wrong with mail headers. Because mail
> header says that mail coming from localhost 127.0.0.1 which is already
> whitelisted. So every incoming mail is tagged as clean. How can i fix this
> problem ? Can i send incoming mails to smtp with the original header?

Fetchmail fetchs mails and resends them through you local MTA (so it
always uses 127.0.0.1). To filter by the sender IP, your MTA has to be
the [unique] MX of your domain...

-- 
Marcelo

"¿No será acaso que ésta vida moderna está teniendo más de moderna que
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[CentOS] Re: centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Scott Silva]

on 8-19-2008 10:42 AM � spake the following:
I don't have fedora installed on the machine any more. But if i 
understand correctly, if compiling the driver doesn't work, i can copy 
the module from a fedora machine and replace the current one?


Not necessarily. It might load, but would probably taint the kernel. More than 
likely it would just bomb with complaints about undefined symbols or other 
kernel errors. Fedora 9 kernel is way past even Centos 5 kernel, and compiling 
the new source against the CentOS kernel would be your best bet. If you want 
to keep it working between kernel upgrades, you might need to learn to use 
either weak-updates or make a DKMS package for the driver.


--
MailScanner is like deodorant...
You hope everybody uses it, and
you notice quickly if they don't



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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[Janez Košmrlj]

OK, I downloaded the driver from Realtek homepage and build the modules 
and it works now. Thanks for the patience to everybody.


Janez Košmrlj wrote:
I don't have fedora installed on the machine any more. But if i 
understand correctly, if compiling the driver doesn't work, i can copy 
the module from a fedora machine and replace the current one?


ABBAS KHAN wrote:
Thats what I wanted to know and thats exactly what I saw people 
complaining about this card's incompatibility with kernel.
If you have time to work on the issue, if you want to find out the 
bottom causes and if compiling the new driver doesn't help; you can 
boot to Fedora and get the Kernel version and the driver's module 
number and then switch back to CentOS, try to load the same module
(i hope it would be also in CentOS under /lib/modules/) through 
modprobe and then the same kernel environment, if possible - since 
you already told that Fedora's drivers work fine for you!


I hope this helps!





On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:49 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> wrote:


Here is the lspci output from the machine:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory
Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High
Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
Express Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family)
USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC
Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE
Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7
Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus
Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)

the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this
one works ok.

And yes this is the module.

And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround,
but i need two LAN cards.


ABBAS KHAN wrote:

Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?

/*r8169

*/


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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[David Dyer-Bennet]

On Tue, August 19, 2008 12:06, William L. Maltby wrote:
>
> On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 11:50 -0500, David Dyer-Bennet wrote:

>> I don't recall that anybody referred to "DASD" connected to our IBM
>> 1401;
>> it was just "disk".  Were we just a weird corner (I wouldn't swear they
>> didn't use some weird term like DASD in the manuals, just that none of
>> the
>> people I worked with used it)?  Or was that a later term, say from the
>> 360
>> generation?
>>
>> (When I worked on the 1401, we were in fact well into the 360 generation
>> chronologically, just not at the place I was working; that was in 1969,
>> and we moved from the 1401 to a DEC PDP-11/20 just a couple of years
>> after
>> that.)
>
> Ditto here. But our 1401 stuff was being emulated on S360/30. During
> that time, DASD became the lazy acronym used extensively to cover any of
> the then-extant direct-access devices (drums, cylinders, "disks" -
> euphemistically mounted in "pizza ovens (2314/19 IIRC).

We emulated the 1401 on the DEC 11/20 for a while, first with a standalone
emulator, later with a run-time system that integrated into RSTS and let
us run the 1401 applications under time-sharing.

I think of drums as being generally *before* then, and what are cylinders
that differs from drums?  But it *does* actually make sense to have a
generic term for that class of storage; we just didn't have enough
examples to need it, and "DASD" sounds stupid :-), and as an IBM mainframe
term wasn't something we wanted to emulate.

I suppose we're getting a bit far off-topic, but thanks for the stroll
down memory lane!
-- 
David Dyer-Bennet, [EMAIL PROTECTED]; http://dd-b.net/
Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
Dragaera: http://dragaera.info

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Re: [CentOS] [Request] mod_auth_ntlm_winbind

[Morten Nilsen]

Rob Townley wrote:

One of the other users posted about EnterpriseSamba.com.  Their repository
is at *http://ftp.sernet.de
http://ftp.sernet.de/pub/services/samba/README.txt

Haven't tried it myself.  Then again, you are referring to using AD
Authentication in a web browser, but i would think their package would
eliminate some of the steps, anyway.


I'm uncertain as to what you are talking about, but, yes what I am doing 
is using NTLM to get seamless logon to web servers from clients that are 
logged into AD.


This is working quite fine, and there was little I had to do on CentOS,
I basically only installed mod_auth_ntlm_winbind, and everything was 
fine and dandy..


There was one little issue though, I had to turn on keepalive in httpd.conf

--
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Morten
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[CentOS] nash on centos 5.2

[Jerry Geis]

I am trying to use nash on centos 5.2


to demonstrate the problem I did:

cd /sbin
ln -sf /sbin/nash sleep
export PATH=/sbin:$PATH
sleep 5
and I get an error.

Red Hat nash version  5.1.19.6 starting
nash cannot open 5: no such file or directory

Why doesnt that work?

Thanks,

Jerry
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Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration

[Toshaan Bharvani]

Sorin Srbu wrote:

  
  
  

  
  
  
  
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Toshaan
Bharvani

  Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 4:24 PM

  To: centos@centos.org

  Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration
  
  
   
  Sorin
Srbu wrote: 
  
  
  
  From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
  On Behalf Of Toshaan Bharvani

  Sent: Tuesday, August 19, 2008 2:42 PM

  To: centos@centos.org

  Subject: Re: [CentOS] wireless laptop configuration
  
  
  Steve
Huff wrote:

>

> On Aug 19, 2008, at 5:04 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

>

>> I'm using a 3Com 3CRWE154G72 IIRC, which according to the
hwconf's
using the 

>> prism54 driver/firmware/whatever.

>> 

>> Would I maybe be better off reinstalling the whole shebang and
have
the

>> wifi-card inserted from start in order for the centos
installer to 

>> see it

>> properly from the beginning?

>

>

> before you do that, open a terminal, become root, and run 

> /usr/sbin/kudzu (while the wireless card is installed). that's the
  

> program that does hardware detection; it may be able to sort out
your 

> issue.

>

> -steve

>

or if kudzu for some reason doesn't cooperate (which is always on my
system)

become root

run : /sbin/modprobe prism54

run : dmesg | tail

and read whether it just says it has loaded the module (single line) or
  

detected will output a wlanX statement and you are in business

  

  
  Isn’t
it implied that since ”prism54” is listed in /etc/sysconfig/hwconf
for the wifi-card that the module has been loaded already? Or is this
some of
the magical stuff that sometimes doesn’t happen for whatever reason? 8-)
  
  
  /etc/sysconfig/hwconf
is the file kudzu
creates when of all detected hardware at startup and it related this
hardware
with drivers in the kernel

but certain drivers are modules in the kernel, wich need to be loaded
manually
or later when the system is already running

this can be done by method 1 explained here above or adding them in
/etc/modprobe.conf which makes it load the modules at startup

you will need to add the line (if it is not yet there) :

alias wlan0 prism54

you can check whether the module is loaded with : /sbin/lsmod | grep
prism54
  This is how
far I got with the above hints. For some reason I don’t have a wlan0,
but
instead a eth0. I did create an alias in Network Manager for eth0 >
wlan0.
Then I ran the below modprobe command according to the below.
  [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# /sbin/modprobe prism54
  [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# dmesg|tail
  eth0: resetting device...
  eth0: uploading firmware...
  prism54: request_firmware() failed for 'isl3890'
  eth0: could not upload firmware ('isl3890')
  eth0: islpci_reset: failure
  eth0: resetting device...
  eth0: uploading firmware...
  prism54: request_firmware() failed for 'isl3890'
  eth0: could not upload firmware ('isl3890')
  eth0: islpci_reset: failure
  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
~]#”
   
  “When
I try to activate wlan0, I get this message:
  Error for wireless request "Set Bit Rate" (8B20) :
   SET failed on device eth0 ; Input/output error.
  Determining IP information for eth0...SIOCSIFFLAGS: No
such file or
directory
  SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory
   failed.”
  In /etc/modprobe.conf
I’ve added the line “alias wlan0 prism54”.
  What’s
more, I went to the prism54.org site and found a firmware, downloaded
it and as
per instructed on the site, renamed the .arm-file to isl3890 and put it
in /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware.
  Upon
restarting and activating wlan0 I still get the above SIOC-error.
  I have a
hunch this might actually work if I put the isl3890-file in the correct
place.
Not sure /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware *is* actually right, as I had
to
create the hotplugs and firmware-folders.
  Any hints on
this guys?
  TIA.
  
  
  

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you have used the following :

2.5.2.0.arm :
http://daemonizer.de/prism54/prism54-fw/fw-softmac/2.5.2.0.arm

Version 2.5.2.0 built on Thu Mar 4 16:05:03 CET 2004 by
[EMAIL PROTECTED]

87a5519d70c16991b8fff9b3b31de68e

headers

   

Source: 3CRWE154G72_Jul_08_04.exe
try renaming to isl3886 as it is a pcmcia card so it is equal to
a pci version and then put in in /lib/firmware


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Re: [CentOS] nash on centos 5.2

[Spiro Harvey, Knossos Networks Ltd]

ln -sf /sbin/nash sleep
sleep 5
nash cannot open 5: no such file or directory
Why doesnt that work?


for the same reason that running "nash 5" won't work.

the first parameter of nash is expected to be a script name.

if you want to feed "sleep 5" into nash, you would give:

sleep 5 | /sbin/nash


"man nash" is your friend.

--
Spiro Harvey  Knossos Networks Ltd
021-295-1923www.knossos.net.nz

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Re: [CentOS] Simple IPTABLES Question

[Kenneth Porter]

--On Tuesday, August 19, 2008 10:15 AM -0500 David Dyer-Bennet 
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:



That's the right general approach; duplicate the drop rule but with a LOG
target and appropriate logging parameters.


Another approach is to create a subchain that just logs and drops (no match 
rules), and in your main chain you match on the desired packet and jump to 
the subchain. That eliminates the need to maintain the same match in two 
places, and reduces the number of rules a non-dropped packet has to pass 
through.



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Re: [CentOS] nash on centos 5.2

[Filipe Brandenburger]

Hi,

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 19:34, Jerry Geis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> ln -sf /sbin/nash sleep
> sleep 5

I think you are mixing up "nash" and "busybox". They are not the same thing.

HTH,
Filipe
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Re: [CentOS] About fetchmail

[Filipe Brandenburger]

Hi,

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 14:44, Marcelo Roccasalva
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Fetchmail fetchs mails and resends them through you local MTA (so it
> always uses 127.0.0.1). To filter by the sender IP, your MTA has to be
> the [unique] MX of your domain...

Postfix actually has a feature (XCLIENT) to receive this information
to the software connecting to it:
http://www.postfix.org/XCLIENT_README.html

However, AFAIK, fetchmail does not have support for it, and I'm not
aware of any patch that uses it.

Filipe
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Re: [CentOS] Re: Where is cached memory going?

[ABBAS KHAN]

LOL ! I got that fellows :D

But, I guess, computer geeks don't usually have girl friends and the same I
do!!
Unfortunately :(

LOL




On Wed, Aug 20, 2008 at 1:37 AM, David Dyer-Bennet <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>
> On Tue, August 19, 2008 12:06, William L. Maltby wrote:
> >
> > On Tue, 2008-08-19 at 11:50 -0500, David Dyer-Bennet wrote:
>
> >> I don't recall that anybody referred to "DASD" connected to our IBM
> >> 1401;
> >> it was just "disk".  Were we just a weird corner (I wouldn't swear they
> >> didn't use some weird term like DASD in the manuals, just that none of
> >> the
> >> people I worked with used it)?  Or was that a later term, say from the
> >> 360
> >> generation?
> >>
> >> (When I worked on the 1401, we were in fact well into the 360 generation
> >> chronologically, just not at the place I was working; that was in 1969,
> >> and we moved from the 1401 to a DEC PDP-11/20 just a couple of years
> >> after
> >> that.)
> >
> > Ditto here. But our 1401 stuff was being emulated on S360/30. During
> > that time, DASD became the lazy acronym used extensively to cover any of
> > the then-extant direct-access devices (drums, cylinders, "disks" -
> > euphemistically mounted in "pizza ovens (2314/19 IIRC).
>
> We emulated the 1401 on the DEC 11/20 for a while, first with a standalone
> emulator, later with a run-time system that integrated into RSTS and let
> us run the 1401 applications under time-sharing.
>
> I think of drums as being generally *before* then, and what are cylinders
> that differs from drums?  But it *does* actually make sense to have a
> generic term for that class of storage; we just didn't have enough
> examples to need it, and "DASD" sounds stupid :-), and as an IBM mainframe
> term wasn't something we wanted to emulate.
>
> I suppose we're getting a bit far off-topic, but thanks for the stroll
> down memory lane!
> --
> David Dyer-Bennet, [EMAIL PROTECTED]; http://dd-b.net/
> Snapshots: http://dd-b.net/dd-b/SnapshotAlbum/data/
> Photos: http://dd-b.net/photography/gallery/
> Dragaera: http://dragaera.info
>
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>
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Re: [CentOS] Simple IPTABLES Question

[MHR]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 5:04 PM, Kenneth Porter <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> --On Tuesday, August 19, 2008 10:15 AM -0500 David Dyer-Bennet
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> That's the right general approach; duplicate the drop rule but with a LOG
>> target and appropriate logging parameters.
>
> Another approach is to create a subchain that just logs and drops (no match
> rules), and in your main chain you match on the desired packet and jump to
> the subchain. That eliminates the need to maintain the same match in two
> places, and reduces the number of rules a non-dropped packet has to pass
> through.
>

Could you post a sample, using the OP's example as a base?

Thanks.

mhr
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Re: [CentOS] Simple IPTABLES Question

[Filipe Brandenburger]

Hi,

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 21:23, MHR <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Another approach is to create a subchain that just logs and drops (no match
>> rules), and in your main chain you match on the desired packet and jump to
>> the subchain. That eliminates the need to maintain the same match in two
>> places, and reduces the number of rules a non-dropped packet has to pass
>> through.
>
> Could you post a sample, using the OP's example as a base?

Sure!

# create a chain to log and drop
iptables -N LOGANDDROP
# in that chain, log and then drop any package that gets there
iptables -A LOGANDDROP -j LOG --log-prefix 'SSH attack: '
iptables -A LOGANDDROP -j DROP
# and in INPUT, send any SSH package with more
# than 5 hits per minute to that chain
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW \
  -m recent --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 5 \
  --rttl --name SSH -j LOGANDDROP

The name LOGANDDROP could probably be improved... Maybe SSHATTACK
would be more appropriate.

HTH,
Filipe
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Re: [CentOS] [Request] mod_auth_ntlm_winbind

[Rob Townley]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 5:34 PM, Morten Nilsen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Rob Townley wrote:
>
>> One of the other users posted about EnterpriseSamba.com.  Their repository
>> is at *http://ftp.sernet.de
>> http://ftp.sernet.de/pub/services/samba/README.txt
>>
>> Haven't tried it myself.  Then again, you are referring to using AD
>> Authentication in a web browser, but i would think their package would
>> eliminate some of the steps, anyway.
>>
>
> I'm uncertain as to what you are talking about, but, yes what I am doing is
> using NTLM to get seamless logon to web servers from clients that are logged
> into AD.
>
> This is working quite fine, and there was little I had to do on CentOS,
> I basically only installed mod_auth_ntlm_winbind, and everything was fine
> and dandy..
>
> There was one little issue though, I had to turn on keepalive in httpd.conf
>
> --
> Cheers,
> Morten
>
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Morten, i may have mixed up the conversations.  I had just posted about
wanting a SaMBa 3.2 package for CentOS.  This would make it so that the user
could logon to a XWindows/SSH Linux workstation using MS Active Directory
Services credentials.

You are talking about getting your CentOS server to check credentials by
verifying with ADS.  Your users are likely on Windows machines.
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Re: [CentOS] [Request] mod_auth_ntlm_winbind

[Morten Nilsen]

Rob Townley wrote:

Morten, i may have mixed up the conversations.  I had just posted about
wanting a SaMBa 3.2 package for CentOS.  This would make it so that the user
could logon to a XWindows/SSH Linux workstation using MS Active Directory
Services credentials.

You are talking about getting your CentOS server to check credentials by
verifying with ADS.  Your users are likely on Windows machines.


Yes, my users are on windows machines.
I also have my CentOS server set up to use AD to authenticate on SSH..
No local users required
This is also working fine - to give access to the server, all one has to 
do is to add the staff to a certain AD group.


--
Cheers,
Morten
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Re: [CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[Rob Townley]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 11:32 AM, ABBAS KHAN <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Thanks Bob for the additional tip :)
>
>
>
>
>
> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:28 AM, Bob Beers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> IIANM, you can also use /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth*, no?
>>
>> Take a look at /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes script.
>>
>> -Bob
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>
How many NICs?
SELinux?

When you have SELinux, two NICs each that would use two different gateways,
system-config-network is worthless whether using the GUI or text based one.
The route will not stay permanent.  ifup would not process either route.ethX
nor ethX.route - at least not enough for it to show in route.  Had to set
the routes in /etc/rc.local.   Of course, you can't set two default
gateways, but you can add two routes via something like the following:

route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw a.b.c.ddev eth0
route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw w.x.y.zdev eth1
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Re: [CentOS] centos on intel D945GCLF board

[ABBAS KHAN]

Cheers!



On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 12:55 PM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>wrote:

> OK, I downloaded the driver from Realtek homepage and build the modules and
> it works now. Thanks for the patience to everybody.
>
>
> Janez Košmrlj wrote:
>
>> I don't have fedora installed on the machine any more. But if i understand
>> correctly, if compiling the driver doesn't work, i can copy the module from
>> a fedora machine and replace the current one?
>>
>> ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>>
>>> Thats what I wanted to know and thats exactly what I saw people
>>> complaining about this card's incompatibility with kernel.
>>> If you have time to work on the issue, if you want to find out the bottom
>>> causes and if compiling the new driver doesn't help; you can boot to Fedora
>>> and get the Kernel version and the driver's module number and then switch
>>> back to CentOS, try to load the same module
>>> (i hope it would be also in CentOS under /lib/modules/) through modprobe
>>> and then the same kernel environment, if possible - since you already told
>>> that Fedora's drivers work fine for you!
>>>
>>> I hope this helps!
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 7:49 AM, Janez Košmrlj <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>> [EMAIL PROTECTED]>> wrote:
>>>
>>>Here is the lspci output from the machine:
>>>
>>>[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# lspci
>>>00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory
>>>Controller Hub (rev 02)
>>>00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ
>>>Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
>>>00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High
>>>Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
>>>00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
>>>Express Port 1 (rev 01)
>>>00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
>>>Express Port 3 (rev 01)
>>>00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI
>>>Express Port 4 (rev 01)
>>>00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
>>>UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
>>>00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
>>>UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
>>>00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
>>>UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
>>>00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB
>>>UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
>>>00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family)
>>>USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
>>>00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
>>>00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC
>>>Interface Bridge (rev 01)
>>>00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE
>>>Controller (rev 01)
>>>00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7
>>>Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
>>>00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus
>>>Controller (rev 01)
>>>01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
>>>RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev ff)
>>>04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
>>>RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10)
>>>
>>>the RTL-8139 is the secondary card pluged in the pci slot ad this
>>>one works ok.
>>>
>>>And yes this is the module.
>>>
>>>And to Michael. I know of the disabling on-board LAN workaround,
>>>but i need two LAN cards.
>>>
>>>
>>>ABBAS KHAN wrote:
>>>
>>>Is this the kernel module used for the LAN card driver?
>>>
>>>/*r8169
>>>
>>>*/
>>>
>>>
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Re: [CentOS] Re: Is there a way to save the routing table permanently?

[ABBAS KHAN]

Currently, only one NIC wifi0.
AFAIK, /etc/rc.local will only be executed once after other init scripts.
And this reverts the changes to default after restarting the network.

Thanks.




On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 10:22 PM, Rob Townley <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 11:32 AM, ABBAS KHAN <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> Thanks Bob for the additional tip :)
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Aug 19, 2008 at 9:28 AM, Bob Beers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>>> IIANM, you can also use /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth*, no?
>>>
>>> Take a look at /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-routes script.
>>>
>>> -Bob
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>>
>>
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>>
> How many NICs?
> SELinux?
>
> When you have SELinux, two NICs each that would use two different gateways,
> system-config-network is worthless whether using the GUI or text based one.
> The route will not stay permanent.  ifup would not process either route.ethX
> nor ethX.route - at least not enough for it to show in route.  Had to set
> the routes in /etc/rc.local.   Of course, you can't set two default
> gateways, but you can add two routes via something like the following:
>
> route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw a.b.c.ddev eth0
> route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw w.x.y.zdev eth1
>
>
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>
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