Re: [CentOS] Some basic LVM questions

2009-11-09 Thread Curt Mills
On Mon, 9 Nov 2009, Monte Milanuk wrote:

> This is where I run up against a pre-conceived notion, which may or may not
> be correct.  I had been thinking in terms of putting the stored data under
> /srv on the larger drive(s), and if I were going to use RAID, probably
> mirror those drives so if one starts acting sickly, I would have a bit of a
> buffer in terms of being able to pull one drive, replace it, etc.  What
> you're describing almost sounds like just having two drives period, both
> 500GB (for example), with /boot, /, /var, /etc, /usr, i.e. everything on
> there along with the stored data, in a mirrored RAID 1 configuration.  For
> whatever reason, just using RAID 1 with 'only' two drives of the same size
> never occured to me... guess I thought it wasn't 'proper' or that you
> needed a separate non-RAID drive for some of the system stuff like /boot...
> but now that I think on it... I'm not sure why it *wouldn't* work...?

It works.  I have a software RAID mirrored configuration on two
750GB SATA drives running now to the left of me, doing backups to
those two hard drives for several other machines.  I'm using Amanda
currently but am thinking of switching to backuppc or duplicity soon
in order to retain backups for a longer period.  I'm also backing
the same systems up to tape.

The OS is mirrored on the same two drives.  I also have a bootable
OS DVD that I can use for rescue, and know how to use it.

Be sure you know how to patch up your system for booting from the
2nd drive in case the first drive fails, and how to
identify/replace/rebuild a new drive when one fails.

One think to think about when running RAID is automated notification
when a drive is about to go out, plus automated notification when
one has gone bye-bye.  RAID likes to just keep running, so unless
you've set up notifications you might lose a 2nd or a 3rd drive,
taking down your filesystem for good, before you'd notice it
otherwise.  This might seem obvious, but to some people it's not.

Also:  I've used RAID5 in a system and had two drives go out in the
same weekend (before I could replace the first failed drive), taking
down the system.  This can happen with mirrored or RAID 1 + 0 as
well, but it's less likely that two drives in the same mirror will
go out.  With RAID5, ANY two drives going out means you lose it all.
I'm not a big fan of RAID5 at the moment.  Yes, I had good backups!

-- 
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Senior Methods Engineer/SysAdmin
   "Lotto:  A tax on people who are bad at math." -- unknown
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Re: [CentOS] Some basic LVM questions

2009-11-09 Thread Curt Mills
On Sun, 8 Nov 2009, Monte Milanuk wrote:

> I know everyone says RAID is not substitute for a proper backup
> solution... but this machine *is* the backup for the rest of the
> network.  At what point should one draw the line for backing up?  What
> is there out there that is still reasonably economical for backing up
> say, a RAID 1 setup of two 1TB drives, or a RAID 5 setup of three drives
> that size?  Tape?  Looks to be just about out-stripped in size by cheap
> hard drives, at least in anything even remotely in my price range.  NAS
> - which is probably going to have its own version of RAID?

Perhaps skip using the 13GB drive since it will probably fail
relatively soon.  Snag another larger drive and do mirroring between
the two.

Investigate "Amanda", "Backuppc", or "Duplicity" for doing your
backups from the other boxes.  This way if one drive fails you have
the other still working until you replace it and resync.  The last
two options I listed do de-duping of the disk blocks so you're not
duplicating the same block across backups for multiple machines.  If
you have lots of the same files on the various machines you're
backing up this will save you loads of space (for instance, the same
OS on lots of machines).

If it were me, I'd skip the whole LVM scheme for the house LAN.  Use
real backups schemes and change their configs so that your backups
fit within your available space.  Later on if you run out you can
move things around a bit and go with either LVM or with larger
mirrored drives.  Drives are cheap.

-- 
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   "Lotto:  A tax on people who are bad at math." -- unknown
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Re: [CentOS] Free or low cost online backup?

2009-11-02 Thread Curt Mills
On Mon, 2 Nov 2009, Rudi Ahlers wrote:

> Take a look @ www.bqbackup.net - they offer very good remote backup
> space with SSH access.

Amazon S3?  A friend uses them and it costs him very little per
month.  He's been pleased so far.  I have no personal experience
with them to convey.  If it were me, I'd probably encrypt and
compress my data before saving it to an external site.

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Re: [CentOS] Keeping iptables in sync across multiple machines

2009-11-02 Thread Curt Mills
On Mon, 2 Nov 2009, Bowie Bailey wrote:

> mark wrote:
>> *I* would *never* put something that was under 1.0 (actually, 1.0.1) into
>> production.
>
> Keep in mind that version numbers are often fairly arbitrary (esp. on
> open source projects).

True.  Anyone remember this one?  0.99pl92

That's a linux kernel from the time when Linus just would _not_ bump
it up to v1.0 and move on.  He stayed with 0.99 versions for a
lonnng time.

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Re: [CentOS] NTFS and elrepo

2009-11-02 Thread Curt Mills
On Sat, 31 Oct 2009, Ron Loftin wrote:

> ELrepo site, I can mount an NTFS filesystem, and when I type "mount"
> with no options the output tells me that the target filesystem is
> mounted read-write.  However, when I try to create a file on that
> filesystem as root, I get a "Permission denied" error, which leads me to
> think that I'm missing something here.

Stupid question:  BEFORE you mount, what are the permissions on the
mount point?  Those permissions can affect what you can do with the
mounted filesystem.

Once you mount the filesystem it's awfully hard to figure out what
the problem is because the original mount point permissions are
hidden...

That one has gotten me before, but a wiser SA than myself warned me
before I ever came across it, so I didn't spin my wheels _too_ long
looking for the problem!  That would have been a real hair-puller
otherwise.

I don't know whether current Unix/Linux systems behave in the same
manner, but SunOS/Solaris used to.

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Re: [CentOS] Infrastructure HELP!

2009-10-29 Thread Curt Mills
On Thu, 29 Oct 2009, Matt wrote:

> What is the cheapest SATA hardware raid card I can get at newegg.com?
> Seems like most turn out not to be true hardware raid that I have
> found and will not run on CentOS 4.8 without a great deal of grief.

Not a direct answer to your question, but be careful of SATA drives.

As I understand it SAS drives (Serially Attached SCSI) are designed
to handle server duty (multiple processes stepping the head 24/7),
whereas SATA drives (Serially attached ATA) are not.  SATA drives if
used in servers will fail prematurely.  They're great/cheap for home
use though.

I've also heard that SATA-2 drives are more like SAS or SCSI drives
in this respect, as in they're designed for server duty.

I probably heard the above on this very list in the past.

Can someone confirm or deny?  Making me look like a fool is ok, I'm
used to it.  ;-)

-- 
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Re: [CentOS] Infrastructure HELP!

2009-10-29 Thread Curt Mills
On Thu, 29 Oct 2009, ML wrote:

> My question is about initial setup. The 4 x 1TB drives. How to set
> this up for I have some protection?
>
> RAID 0+1? (striped + mirrored) I would end up with 2TB useable space.
>
> RAID 5? so what one is a hot spare? 3TB useable space?
>
> What about striping the 4 1TB and mirroring that to a 4 x 1tb External
> drive enclosure?

Plan for drives going out but keeping the site operational.  Also
remember that RAID isn't a backup.

RAID 5 is enticing because you get more usable space out of your
drives, but you have to be sure you'll only lose one drive at a time
and can get a replacement drive in there and sync'ed up before you
lose a 2nd one...  If the drives were made by the same manufacturer
and were bought at about the same time you might easily lose 2 or
more, blowing up your array.

Go with RAID 1+0 (mirroring + striping) and you can potentially lose
up to 1/2 of your drives and keep running.  That's assuming you lose
the correct 1/2...  If you lose two drives in the same mirror you
still go down.

Combine the above with a good backup strategy.  Backup software has
been discussed on this list quite recently so look back a few days
or weeks and you'll find some good links.  Practice and document
doing restores so that you know how to do them quickly without error
when the pressure's on.

Some of the backup software names/links I gleaned from this list
recently:

 www.mondorescue.org
 www.nongnu.org/duplicity (de-dupe, S3)
 www.nongnu.org/storebackup (de-dupe)
 amanda
 backuppc (sourceforge) (rpm in epel)
 www.backula.org (de-dupe)

-- 
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Re: [CentOS] CentOS for non-tech user

2009-09-24 Thread Curt Mills
On Thu, 24 Sep 2009, Anne Wilson wrote:

> On Thursday 24 September 2009 17:50:37 Ron Loftin wrote:
>> My image of the "low-tech" user is the one who surfs the Web, reads and
>> writes e-mail, and does the odd letter or maybe even a spreadsheet in
>> some office tool, along with maybe some simple games.  My experience
>> with this category of user is that when they stumble across something
>> unfamiliar or want some additional function, they pick up the phone and
>> call me.
>>
> I recognise that description ;-D

It's the "Give a man a fish/Teach a man to fish" scenario.  I've
long-since stopped setting up machine for anyone in that category.
They _must_ figure things out for themselves (with hints from me
perhaps), then they've learned something valuable and are better
able to fend for themselves from that point on.

Preferably hand them a set of CD's or a DVD and say "have fun".
They have a sense of ownership and of accomplishment that way too.
Remember how proud you were when you could finally say "I don't
depend on MS anymore!"?

Family is the only category where I make (rare) exceptions, but my
kids are already showing me a thing or two these days about Linux so
I needn't worry about them anymore.

-- 
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Senior Methods Engineer/SysAdmin
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Re: [CentOS] installing 5.3 with 512M ram really slow

2009-09-22 Thread Curt Mills
On Tue, 22 Sep 2009, Gabriel - IP Guys wrote:

> What do you consider to be really slow? One thing I've def. Learned with
> installing Linux, windows, OSX, anything that has a click-click-click
> install procedure, what ever the bar says, (70% complete or 20 mins
> left, depending on whose OS), it's LYING! Better set the installer go
> and grab a beer or two. Come back in an hour, one of two things will
> have been realised. One, you've just had a fun hour, got a bit drunk,
> and to top it off, you have a working CentOS installation! Or two, you
> forgot to click on the final button to get the install up and running,
> and now in your semi drunk state, you click it, and go off and have
> another two beers! When you come back Voila! A new clean virgin
> CentOS install!

Why can't more manuals be written like this  ;-)

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Re: [CentOS] [OT] Conference room software

2009-09-04 Thread Curt Mills
On Fri, 4 Sep 2009, Scott McClanahan wrote:

> Basically, a web application that can run on whatever web container
> installs on linux which supports shared calendars.  Google calendar
> behind the firewall :)  ... any suggestions?  Thanks.

TWiki running off Apache2 with one of their calendar plugins added?

http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/view/Plugins/SearchByTags?tag=calendar

-- 
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Re: [CentOS] yum update

2009-08-13 Thread Curt Mills
On Thu, 13 Aug 2009, Filipe Brandenburger wrote:

> This is certainly not a complete procedure on how to configure things
> so that upgrades don't break your cluster, but I believe the ideas
> outlined above could lead you there if you set up a test environment
> and experiment a little bit with it.

Thanks.  It makes sense and is easy to implement.

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Re: [CentOS] yum update

2009-08-13 Thread Curt Mills
On Thu, 13 Aug 2009, Les Mikesell wrote:

> Geoff Galitz wrote:
>>
>> ...so I
>> know for a fact updates can break a running system.
>
> On CentOS?  Fedora does that all the time but _not_ having behavior-changing
> updates in the long life of a major release is most of the point of 
> 'enterprise'
> distributions.  It's probably not perfect - and I wouldn't do auto-updates on
> production servers either but it should at least be very unusual for a CentOS
> update to break anything.

You mean like every time new Apache2 updates come along they
_shouldn't_ break my failover cluster???

I've gotten into the habit of doing this each time I see an "httpd"
update come down 'cuz a reboot will kill the cluster again:

If I did a reboot I need to edit haresources and restart heartbeat
to get my DRBD drive back, then add links back in:

*) Remove "httpd" from the end of /etc/ha.d/haresources
*) Restart heartbeat so that it'll mount my DRBD drive.
*) Fix up the symlinks in /replicated/etc/httpd/:

 logs -> ../../var/log/httpd
 modules -> /usr/lib64/httpd/modules
 run -> /var/run

*) Add "httpd" back into the haresources file.
*) Restart heartbeat to check that the cluster comes up ok.

"httpd" updates remove the symlinks (that maybe "drbdlinks" creates?
Can't recall) which point into my DRBD drive.

If I didn't do a reboot yet then I can fix things up with a subset
of the above 'cuz the DRBD drive will still be mounted.

The above is probably necessary because I'm doing something wrong...
Do I need to break the cluster before the update so that Apache2
doesn't touch the DRBD drive/drbdlinks stuff, then restart the
cluster?  That seems likely.

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Re: [CentOS] Centos 5.3 live-cd install -

2009-08-10 Thread Curt Mills
On Mon, 10 Aug 2009, Johnny Hughes wrote:

> You can do a netinstall via the LiveCD too.  This is identical to doing
> the install via the netinstall CD.

Which again means lots of new downloads for him while installing
over the 'net.  I feel for the guy, having been on slow dialup with
lots of noise on the long rural phone lines for years...

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Re: [CentOS] Python 2.4 64-bit problem w/CentOS5.3?

2009-08-05 Thread Curt Mills
On Tue, 4 Aug 2009, Filipe Brandenburger wrote:

> On Tue, Aug 4, 2009 at 16:18, Curt Mills wrote:
>> I'm getting this on two XF_64 systems by running "yum update" today.
>> Perhaps Python 2.4 is missing some lib64 libraries?
>
> It's a known problem, apparently a bug in yum...
>
> Run "yum clean all", after that your "yum update" should work fine.

Thanks everyone:  I got three responses in about 15 minutes to my
query, all of them helpful.  It's up and running!

-- 
Curt Mills, WE7Uhacker at fluke dot com
Senior Methods Engineer/SysAdmin
"Lotto:A tax on people who are bad at math!"
"Windows:  Microsoft's tax on computer illiterates!" -- WE7U
"The world DOES revolve around me:  I picked the coordinate system!"

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[CentOS] Python 2.4 64-bit problem w/CentOS5.3?

2009-08-04 Thread Curt Mills

I'm getting this on two XF_64 systems by running "yum update" today.
Perhaps Python 2.4 is missing some lib64 libraries?

--> Running transaction check
---> Package python.x86_64 0:2.4.3-24.el5_3.6 set to be updated
---> Package tkinter.x86_64 0:2.4.3-24.el5_3.6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 for package: libxslt-python
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 for package: gamin-python
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 for package: libxml2-python
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
libxml2-python-2.6.26-2.1.2.7.x86_64 from installed has depsolving problems
   --> Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
libxml2-python-2.6.26-2.1.2.7.x86_64 (installed)
gamin-python-0.1.7-8.el5.x86_64 from installed has depsolving problems
   --> Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
gamin-python-0.1.7-8.el5.x86_64 (installed)
libxslt-python-1.1.17-2.el5_2.2.x86_64 from installed has depsolving problems
   --> Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
libxslt-python-1.1.17-2.el5_2.2.x86_64 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
libxslt-python-1.1.17-2.el5_2.2.x86_64 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
libxml2-python-2.6.26-2.1.2.7.x86_64 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: /usr/lib64/python2.4 is needed by package 
gamin-python-0.1.7-8.el5.x86_64 (installed)

-- 
Curt Mills, WE7Uhacker at fluke dot com
Senior Methods Engineer/SysAdmin
"Lotto:A tax on people who are bad at math!"
"Windows:  Microsoft's tax on computer illiterates!" -- WE7U
"The world DOES revolve around me:  I picked the coordinate system!"

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[CentOS] Upgrade fm 4.7 to 5.3: mptscsi module?

2009-07-31 Thread Curt Mills

First issue:  I did an upgrade from 4.7 to 5.3 on an HP DL380G3 box.
I got yum working again and upgraded 160+ packages.  During that
process I saw:

---
   Installing : kernel-PAE[157/322]
WARNING: No module mptscsi found for kernel 2.6.18-128.2.1.el5PAE, continuing 
anyway
   Installing : kernel[158/322]
WARNING: No module mptscsi found for kernel 2.6.18-128.2.1.el5, continuing 
anyway
---

Since I'm running with SCSI drives on that box and lsmod shows me
this:

---
# ./lsmod | grep mpt
mptctl 31301  1 
mptsas 37193  0 
scsi_transport_sas 30529  1 mptsas
mptspi 23625  0 
scsi_transport_spi 26305  1 mptspi
mptfc  21829  0 
mptscsih   36929  3 mptsas,mptspi,mptfc
scsi_transport_fc  37449  1 mptfc
mptbase76901  5 mptctl,mptsas,mptspi,mptfc,mptscsih
scsi_mod  141589  17
mptctl,ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,libiscsi,scsi_transport_iscsi,scsi_dh,st,sg,mptsas,scsi_transport_sas,mptspi,scsi_transport_spi,mptfc,mptscsih,scsi_transport_fc,cciss,sd_mod
---

I'm a bit worried about rebooting the system.  Should I be?  Did
some other driver take over the responsibilities of the mptscsi
driver?


Second issue:  I also had to remove some repositories from yum, do a
"yum clean all", and still manually remove a few more packages before yup
update would work.  There are still quite a few "el4" packages left
on the system even now.  History:

# history
  1006  yum update;date
  1007  yum clean all
  1008  yum update;date
  1009  yum remove freetype-utils cyrus-imapd-murder cyrus-imapd-nntp
  1010  yum update;date
  1011  yum remove seamonkey
  1012  yum update;date
  1013  rpm -qa | grep -i el4

Some of the el4 packages that are left are probably one's that I
installed by hand outside the yum repository scheme, but certainly
not all of them are.  I expected the upgrade off DVD and then the
"yum update" to take care of most of those.

-- 
Curt Mills, WE7Uhacker at fluke dot com
Senior Methods Engineer/SysAdmin
"Lotto:A tax on people who are bad at math!"
"Windows:  Microsoft's tax on computer illiterates!" -- WE7U
"The world DOES revolve around me:  I picked the coordinate system!"

Please be advised that this email may contain confidential information.
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