date:20190510

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread Pascal Hambourg


Le 10/05/2019 à 16:24, An Liu a écrit :



The initrd.gz included in Debian installer ISO images cannot read files
from an ISO image, only from a plain drive or partition. This is why you
need an initrd.gz for hd-media. Note that there may also be restrictions
about the supported filesystem types containing the ISO image.

yes, that's why i ask this question.

The initrd.gz from iso can't locate iso file, but i can. how can let
the install process know where the iso file is.


IIRC and although it did not change with Buster, the initrd.gz in 
installation images does not include the loop module either. So it is 
not able be able to mount an ISO image.

[no subject]

2019-05-10 Thread Esteban L

Hello,

I have this weird situation, I can't figure out.

I can launch the Remote Desktop Viewer from the command line:

%vinagre

and it launches and is fully functional.

When I try to launch it from the "desktop icons" or the icons that are
present within gnome, i cannot. 

A little bar appear on the top of the menu bar, that it is working on
opening, then nothing, closes. No window ever makes it to my X-window.

When I watch my /var/log/syslog log, I can see this error.
May 11 00:59:39 debianWorkstation vinagre-file.desktop[3290]: Missing
argument for -F 

When I dig into my /home user, namely:
~/.gnome/apps/vinagre-file.desktop
I can find this line:
Exec=vinagre -F %U


So after all this digging, I can only conclude it is some type of gnome
error. Unfortunately, I don't know Gnome very well, since it has almost
always just worked as expected.

What does the %U variable mean? user? 

Any tips hints or otherwise would be greatly appreciated. =)

Re: Does anyone know where chkconfig went?

2019-05-10 Thread Gene Heskett

On Friday 10 May 2019 06:01:51 pm Brian wrote:

> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 17:32:05 -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > On Friday 10 May 2019 11:41:25 am Brian wrote:
> > > On Fri 10 May 2019 at 11:28:41 -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > > > Greetings all;
> > > >
> > > > This was an rcx.d thing that adjusted what ran in what
> > > > run-level.
> > > >
> > > > I need to shut off all the nut stuff. Because this rt kernal
> > > > didn't bring usbhid-ups to the party, needed to talk to my ups,
> > > > my logs are being spammed by non-connection msgs. Several a
> > > > minute. Maybe its been renamed between wheezy and stretch?  IDK.
> > >
> > > chkconfig has a package page. Developer Information is on that
> > > page.
> > >
> > > --
> > > Brian.
> >
> > I don't find it in a synaptic list, I looked there a couple times
> > before I posted.
> >
> > Where do I get it from?
>
> Just a moment, please. I have to load my spoonfeeding module. :)
>
;-)

> You want
>
> https://packages.debian.org/jessie/chkconfig

But thats not in stretch, and I wasn't aware until below, that it was 
deprecated. I only have one jessie install, and its on a pi. Works fine 
and have never needed chkconfig on it.
>
> and will also be interested in
>
> https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=833672

That says its bug-ridden but offers no proof or description of the bug. 
IMO folks who make those claims should quote a bit of context.
These links don't get to that detail.

Thank you, Brian.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page

Re: dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration (Swedish with "|")

2019-05-10 Thread Jonas Smedegaard

Quoting Erik Josefsson (2019-05-11 00:51:38)
> My original problem was that I could not figure out how to get both 
> Swedish and pipe "|" at all (which Jonas duly noted by removing "¦" 
> from the original subject line).

I edited the subject line in my posts unrelated to the content of the 
thread: Since recently emails sent by my "alot" which is my main Mail 
User Agent (MUA) gets rejected by Debian servers if header fields 
contain non-ASCII characters.

If someone happen to know the "alot" MUA and can tell the tweaking 
needed to its configuration then great, but I don't have the time for 
broader suggestions requiring me to debug on my own, so I simply try 
avoid non-ASCII characters in header fields :-/


> Den 2019-05-10 kl. 18:21, skrev David Wright:
> > For example, I append lines to /etc/console-setup/remap.inc to do 
> > things like enhancing the navigation keys, and preventing Alt-space 
> > from producing NO-BREAK SPACE (because it's too easy to catch the 
> > Alt by mistake). Little things like that.
> > And in fvwm I have keys for audio control, taking screen shots, 
> > capturing the screen as a movie, rotating the monitor with xrandr, 
> > etc.

@David, if you care to share your personal tweaks then I am interested 
in having a closer look, for inspiration and possibly for more general 
use.


 - Jonas

-- 
 * Jonas Smedegaard - idealist & Internet-arkitekt
 * Tlf.: +45 40843136  Website: http://dr.jones.dk/

 [x] quote me freely  [ ] ask before reusing  [ ] keep private


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Tinker team (Was: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.)

2019-05-10 Thread Jonas Smedegaard

Quoting to...@tuxteam.de (2019-05-10 12:01:33)
> On Fri, May 10, 2019 at 11:45:06AM +0200, Jonas Smedegaard wrote:
> 
> [...]
> 
> > It sounds like perhaps you would be interested in joining the Tinker 
> > team: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianTinker
> 
> Sorry to irrupt from the side, but... why didn't I know of that? 
> Thanks for the link, and for keeping up the "team" :-)

Because I am bad at promoting my projects :-/

The Tinker project was born during a journey through India by my partner 
and I: https://couchdesign.dk/india/

We were meeting Linux hackers all over India with a special interest in 
learning about desktop and distribution customizations - what was 
adapted and why. In Kerala we met Cherry, a NetBSD developer and 
electronics hacker who contrary to most others we met had little 
interest in specific looks and behaviour of a graphical desktop but 
instead asked into the options and quality of tinker tools available in 
Debian.

I am no expert on electronics hacking myself, but want to help support 
different customization needs, so I formed the tinker project and 
drafted what I imagine could attract tinkeres - people wanting a system 
for tinkering with other systems or with the main system itself.

DebianTinker uses Boxer, a tool I am developing to help do Debian Pure 
(and dirty) Blends: Track package relationships and tweaks, more 
streamlined than doing it by hand but more flexible than making and 
using metapackages.

Boxer is used to develop these Debian Blends:

  * DebianParl - a system for individual parlamentarians,
deployed as a pilot project in the European Parliament
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianParl
  * DebianDesign - a system for various kinds of visual designers
https://Design
  * DebianTinker - a system for hardware and software tinkeres
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianTinker
  * SolidBox - a system for non-technical use of semantic web service
https://solidbox.org/

Thanks for the interest. :-)

 - Jonas

-- 
 * Jonas Smedegaard - idealist & Internet-arkitekt
 * Tlf.: +45 40843136  Website: http://dr.jones.dk/

 [x] quote me freely  [ ] ask before reusing  [ ] keep private

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Re: dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration (Swedish with "|")

2019-05-10 Thread Erik Josefsson

Den 2019-05-10 kl. 18:21, skrev David Wright:

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 15:45:34 (+0200), Erik Josefsson wrote:

https://www.iso.org/standard/57852.html

If it was compliant, then I guess that would make an informed choice
of "Keyboard model" easier than it is now.

The only rule I know is that claiming compliance with standards can
cost serious money.

Thanks for that insight and explanation!

And there's my major hick-up: 7 keys would be plenty if the output
would suffice to consist of about 100 different signals since 2^7=128
(to later map on characters, numbers and whatnot). 8 keys would be
excessive. I do understand the historical reasons for 105 keys (or
80), but how they relate to what really matters (the digital output)
is a mystery.

I don't think that these shifty keys are treated in such a logical
manner. I've always assumed that there's a keyboard controller chip
that's stamping "personality" on the keys, particularly Fn.

Indeed there is a keyboard controller chip that "takes care of all
keyboard matrix scanning, key de-bouncing and communications with the
computer, and has an internal buffer if the keystroke data cannot be
sent immediately. The PC motherboard decodes the data received from the
keyboard via the PS/2 port using interrupt IRQ1".

More from same source: "If, for example, you press 'shift' and 'A' then
both keys will generate their own scan codes, the 'A' scan code value is
not changed if a shift or control key is also pressed. Pressing the
letter 'A' generates 'lC'h make code and when released the break code is
'F0'h, 'lC'h.

Pressing 'shift' and 'A' keys will generate the following scan codes:
The make code for the 'shift' key is sent '12'h.
The make code for the 'A' key is sent 'lC'h.
The break code for the 'A' key is sent 'F0'h, 'lC'h.
The break code for the 'shift' key is sent 'F0'h,' 12'h.
If the right shift was pressed then the make code is '59'h and break
code is 'F0'h, '59'h.
By analysing these scan codes the PC software can determine which key
was pressed. By looking at the shift keystroke the software can
distinguish between upper and lower case."

source:
https://www.isy.liu.se/edu/kurs/TSTE12/laboration/TSTE12_Lab1_170824.pdf

Thanks for the hints leading me to that page.

It cannot really be physicality of the "Keyboard models", nor the
(brand) names of the them, but rather the digital output that is
defining whether one "Keyboard model" is different from the other. Or
am I completely wrong here?

If I am not wrong, the next question is if there are really 193
different keyboard models in that sense?

I mean, with the same keyboard layout (e.g. Finnish), how many of the
193 would give the exact same result on screen with one particular
keyboard (e.g. the Teres laptop)?

I guess more than two (which I now know is the case).

My own take: to be on that list, someone maintaining X has to obtain a
model of that keyboard to map out all the keys. By the time that's
been done, time has past and you likely will find that that model is
history as far as shopping is concerned. Unlike with kernel
development, there's not the pressure to keep up with new models as
they come out. Pruning the list of its older models is not a
priority either.

Unfortunately that makes perfect sense.

I guess that with only 80 keys on your keyboard, many of the
differences between these different models are dealing with keys you
simply don't have. I can use pc105 for all my laptop, however many
keys they have.

As far as I can see, the "source code" to Teres' keyboard does not say
anything about that, but the Schematics file lists 25 different keys
(KBD_X0 to KBD_X16 and KBD_Y0 to KBD_Y7), and there is a micro
controller ATMEGA16U4-AU.

https://github.com/OLIMEX/DIY-LAPTOP/blob/master/HARDWARE/A64-TERES/TERES-PCB5-KEYBOARD/Rev.A/TERES-PCB5-KEYBOARD_Rev.A.sch

I'm fine with thinking that KBD_X0, KBD_X1 etc on the "inside" are
connected to the 40 physical keys on the "outside". Actually with 23
electronic keys to combine, it would be enough with an unique output
per electronic key plus , and + to get 92
different combinations. That should be enough, no?

Enough for what? I'm not sure what you mean. But as far as your use of
the keyboard is concerned, the keypresses have been through the
microprocessor, the kernel, and perhaps the xorg driver, so you're
not going to see any one-to-one mapping.

Sorry for writing out loud, I'm not sure what I was thinking. But
anyway, it should be possible to write a program that listens to
keypresses and asks you to press different keys like the "left-of-z key"
and then suggest to you which "Keyboard model" you actually have,
regardless which "Keyboard model" you have chosen with dpkg-reconfigure.
Then no pruning of the list would be necessary.

(I mean something like "people who have ¦ left of Z often also have Å to
the right of P", maybe you'd like a 105 Intl. model?", it doesn't have
to be exactly right)

What's more

Re: Does anyone know where chkconfig went?

2019-05-10 Thread Brian

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 17:32:05 -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:

> On Friday 10 May 2019 11:41:25 am Brian wrote:
> 
> > On Fri 10 May 2019 at 11:28:41 -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > > Greetings all;
> > >
> > > This was an rcx.d thing that adjusted what ran in what run-level.
> > >
> > > I need to shut off all the nut stuff. Because this rt kernal didn't
> > > bring usbhid-ups to the party, needed to talk to my ups, my logs are
> > > being spammed by non-connection msgs. Several a minute. Maybe its
> > > been renamed between wheezy and stretch?  IDK.
> >
> > chkconfig has a package page. Developer Information is on that page.
> >
> > --
> > Brian.
> 
> I don't find it in a synaptic list, I looked there a couple times before 
> I posted.
> 
> Where do I get it from?

Just a moment, please. I have to load my spoonfeeding module. :)

You want

https://packages.debian.org/jessie/chkconfig

and will also be interested in

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=833672

-- 
Brian.

Re: Does anyone know where chkconfig went?

2019-05-10 Thread Gene Heskett

On Friday 10 May 2019 11:41:25 am Brian wrote:

> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 11:28:41 -0400, Gene Heskett wrote:
> > Greetings all;
> >
> > This was an rcx.d thing that adjusted what ran in what run-level.
> >
> > I need to shut off all the nut stuff. Because this rt kernal didn't
> > bring usbhid-ups to the party, needed to talk to my ups, my logs are
> > being spammed by non-connection msgs. Several a minute. Maybe its
> > been renamed between wheezy and stretch?  IDK.
>
> chkconfig has a package page. Developer Information is on that page.
>
> --
> Brian.

I don't find it in a synaptic list, I looked there a couple times before 
I posted.

Where do I get it from?

Thanks Brian.

Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page

Re: Does anyone know where chkconfig went?

2019-05-10 Thread Gene Heskett

On Friday 10 May 2019 11:41:00 am An Liu wrote:

> Hi, Gene,
>
> Maybe systemd is what you are after
> https://wiki.debian.org/systemd
>
>
> Hope it help.

It might be a usefull tut if I can wade through the politics.

Thank you.


Cheers, Gene Heskett
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author)
Genes Web page

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread Felix Miata

David Wright composed on 2019-05-10 13:32 (UTC-0500):

> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 12:06:05 (-0400), Felix Miata wrote:

>> what I virtually always do, install from network, beginning with fetching
>> 
>> and
>> 
>> and placing them where Grub can find and load them.

> So I'm looking for the page that has those instructions. Do you know
> where it is? 

It's not all on https://wiki.debian.org/Grub which only has the standard Grub2
boilerplate, to get from A to B one must first divert to C and then D. :-p There
is a small piece of it hidden in its first FAQ (/etc/grub.d/40_custom).

> It would list the requirements, what to put where, and where in the
> d-i process you arrive after booting.
> (d-i ≡ debian-installer, for the OP.) 
>  

Try putting this in custom.cfg in a bootable stick directory containing 
grub.cfg:

menuentry "Install Debian via HTTP" {
search --no-floppy --label --set=root 
linux   /boot/linux
initrd  /boot/initrd.gz
}

Once that's done, the stick booted, and the selection made, the d-i app takes 
over
by asking the exact same questions as if having booted from the NET iso.

No USB stick (or OM, or PXE) is needed for linux and initrd.gz if the target
system already has a loadable Grub (any bootloader really, syslinux, rEFInd,
others) installed anywhere, which is the standard installation method in my 
routine.

Of course, this much detail shouldn't be needed by those who have more than a
passing familiarity with using Grub. When I see "we" instead of "I" in an OP, as
for this thread, I assume "we" means more than one person, a group, which ought 
to
possess more than a passing familiarity using Grub, hence my keeping my reply 
short.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is religion, not science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata  ***  http://fm.no-ip.com/

Re: Usefulness of adding APT::Default-Release

2019-05-10 Thread Sven Joachim

On 2019-05-10 13:45 -0500, David Wright wrote:

> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 20:14:20 (+0200), Sven Joachim wrote:
>> On 2019-05-08 13:14 -0500, David Wright wrote:
>> 
>> > I'm trying to ascertain what APT::Default-Release can do for me,
>> > and what it constrains. In the output that follows, why does
>> > APT::Default-Release prevent firefox from being upgraded?
>> 
>> Because stretch-updates ≢ stretch, see bug #173215[1] (with
>> -proposed-updates rather than -updates).
>
> Thanks for the reply. (I had just pointed out elsewhere that no answer
> had been forthcoming, so you've made a liar of me!)
>
> Perhaps a note to that effect might have been added to man apt.conf
> which was written (or revised) 14 years after the bug surfaced.
>
> Does this mean APT::Default-Release is a security risk,

Not really, but if you don't have entries for newer releases in your
sources.list, then APT::Default-Release is unnecessary.  Personally I
find it clearer to use explicit pinning in apt-preferences.

> or is
> the behaviour of stretch/updates different from that of
> stretch-updates because of the slash? (I don't find the deb lines
> in sources.list easy to parse as a human.)

It's because the Codename (and Release) fields are different:
stable/updates on the security mirror uses "Codename: stretch" while
stable-updates uses "Codename: stretch-updates".  Yes, this is
confusing.

Cheers,
   Sven

Re: Usefulness of adding APT::Default-Release

2019-05-10 Thread David Wright

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 20:14:20 (+0200), Sven Joachim wrote:
> On 2019-05-08 13:14 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> 
> > I'm trying to ascertain what APT::Default-Release can do for me,
> > and what it constrains. In the output that follows, why does
> > APT::Default-Release prevent firefox from being upgraded?
> 
> Because stretch-updates ≢ stretch, see bug #173215[1] (with
> -proposed-updates rather than -updates).

Thanks for the reply. (I had just pointed out elsewhere that no answer
had been forthcoming, so you've made a liar of me!)

Perhaps a note to that effect might have been added to man apt.conf
which was written (or revised) 14 years after the bug surfaced.

Does this mean APT::Default-Release is a security risk, or is
the behaviour of stretch/updates different from that of
stretch-updates because of the slash? (I don't find the deb lines
in sources.list easy to parse as a human.)

> > I comment out the APT::Default-Release line and repeat after the
> > ##. The necessary packages are in apt-cacher-ng's cache
> > all the time.
> >
> > # cat /etc/apt/apt.conf
> > # Fetch updates through apt-cacher-ng.
> > Acquire::http::Proxy "http://192.168.1.17:3142/";;
> > APT::Default-Release "stretch";
> > # 
> >
> > # apt-cache policy firefox-esr
> > firefox-esr:
> >   Installed: 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1
> >   Candidate: 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1
> >   Version table:
> >  60.6.2esr-1~deb9u1 500
> > 500 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 
> > Packages
> >  *** 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1 990
> > 990 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
> > 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main 
> > amd64 Packages
> > 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
> 
> 
> You can work around that via preferences, e.g.
> 
> Package: *
> Pin: release n=stretch-updates
> Pin-Priority: 990
> 
> to give each package in stretch-updates the same priority as you get for
> stretch via APT::Default-Release.  See apt_preferences(5).

I'll try that out; this new FF release is a useful test case. Thanks.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread David Wright

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 12:06:05 (-0400), Felix Miata wrote:
> Brian composed on 2019-05-10 16:32 (UTC+0100):
> 
> > On Fri 10 May 2019 at 08:49:25 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> 
> >> What worries me about this thread is that the OP (who doesn't seem to
> >> know how the various parts of the d-i are meant to work together) has
> >> just last week posted a recipe claiming to install Debian using only
> >> vmlinuz and initrd¹, ..
> 
> > That's a claim which can be sustantiated. 
> 
> Sounds like

"Sounds like" doesn't cut it. Sorry.

> what I virtually always do, install from network, beginning with fetching
> 
> and
> 
> and placing them where Grub can find and load them.

So I'm looking for the page that has those instructions. Do you know
where it is?

It would list the requirements, what to put where, and where in the
d-i process you arrive after booting.
(d-i ≡ debian-installer, for the OP.)

> Nothing gets downloaded that
> isn't needed. No need for any iso file.

OK. The OP appears to disagree.

https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2019/05/msg00518.html

This is why "sounds like" doesn't cut it. I (and other people coming
to the Debian web pages and wikis) don't want to be led up the garden
path by instructions in random postings expressed in unclear language
(that's not a criticism; I'm sure I have not a word of the OP's
native language.)

Cheers,
David.

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread David Wright

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 16:28:09 (+0100), Brian wrote:
> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 11:04:47 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, May 10, 2019 at 08:57:20AM -0600, An Liu wrote:
> > > As all knows,  redhat 8 was announced available serveral days ago, and
> > > i got the DVD iso, and i want to have a try
> > 
> > > We have a solution for debian, as mentioned, use hd-media (vmlinuz,
> > > initrd.gz with iso-scan)   in step 2 , so it's not a really a problem
> > > 
> > > But this should have share the  common ground in installation, isn't?
> > > 
> > > That's why i post my question here.
> > 
> > This makes no sense.  If you want to learn how to install Red Hat, you
> > should ask a Red Hat mailing list, not a Debian mailing list.
> 
> We had the dubious pleasure of being invited to assist with a Windows
> setup a few days ago:
> 
> https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2019/05/msg00377.html
> 
> Not a squeak of protest from anyone. The poster was "well pleased" with
> the help given.

I was pissed off, but I bit my tongue. And you can't get a question
about apt answered here:

https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2019/05/msg00418.html

> > We don't know how to install Red Hat.
> 
> I am not sure An Liu is asking for help with installing Red Hat. 

I understand that. But, because of the earlier post that I mentioned before,
https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2019/05/msg00032.html
and the thread where you commented on an overlooked paragraph in
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/FAQ#Q:_How_can_I_install_sid_.28unstable.29_with_DebianInstaller.3F
I took a look at this page to see if the two ideas were related.
That led me nowhere, but further up this page I did see:

Q: How to install with boot floppies + netinst.iso mounted as a loop
device in the ramdisk from a ext2 partition?

A: You can boot the installer directly from a hard disk using LILO or
GRUB, and the *hd-media initrd* will find your netinst.iso. See the
DebianInstall for details.

which takes you up to the DebianInstall page itself. If there were
any details here about that Q&A, they seem to have gone. The closest
approach to an answer would be Debootstrap, but that has nothing to
do with the netinst.iso.

But it does seem that a recipe to do what's promised by the Q&A
would answer this thread's OP: "Install Debian from Grub+ISO".
I think Greg's reference is the closest approach, but again it
involves debootstrap rather than the d-i. The Q&A implies that
you can jump from Grub into the netinst.iso. The least obvious
part is the *hd-media initrd* referred to above. What and where?

My interest in this stems from a Laptop on which you are blind until
the kernel loads (ie text pours down the screen). No boot selection
menu, no CMOS screens, no Grub screens.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Usefulness of adding APT::Default-Release

2019-05-10 Thread Sven Joachim

On 2019-05-08 13:14 -0500, David Wright wrote:

> I'm trying to ascertain what APT::Default-Release can do for me,
> and what it constrains. In the output that follows, why does
> APT::Default-Release prevent firefox from being upgraded?

Because stretch-updates ≢ stretch, see bug #173215[1] (with
-proposed-updates rather than -updates).

> I comment out the APT::Default-Release line and repeat after the
> ##. The necessary packages are in apt-cacher-ng's cache
> all the time.
>
> # cat /etc/apt/apt.conf
> # Fetch updates through apt-cacher-ng.
> Acquire::http::Proxy "http://192.168.1.17:3142/";;
> APT::Default-Release "stretch";
> # 
>
> # apt-cache policy firefox-esr
> firefox-esr:
>   Installed: 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1
>   Candidate: 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1
>   Version table:
>  60.6.2esr-1~deb9u1 500
> 500 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 
> Packages
>  *** 60.6.1esr-1~deb9u1 990
> 990 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages
> 990 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main 
> amd64 Packages
> 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status


You can work around that via preferences, e.g.

Package: *
Pin: release n=stretch-updates
Pin-Priority: 990

to give each package in stretch-updates the same priority as you get for
stretch via APT::Default-Release.  See apt_preferences(5).

Cheers,
   Sven


1. https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=173215

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread Brian

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 09:55:06 -0600, An Liu wrote:

> appreciate your opinion, more than technical point of view

:)

-- 
Brian.

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Re: dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration (Swedish with "|")

2019-05-10 Thread David Wright

On Fri 10 May 2019 at 15:45:34 (+0200), Erik Josefsson wrote:
> Thanks for helping me sort out my thoughts!

OK, but I don't claim any expertise here.

> Den 2019-05-06 kl. 22:42, skrev David Wright:
> > [Disclaimer: I'm not familiar with the Teres keyboard beyond looking at
> > https://www.olimex.com/Products/DIY-Laptop/SPARE-PARTS/TERES-006-Keyboard/
> > (assuming this is it), and I've no idea of what keys your USB keyboard
> > has, nor knowledge of Swedish keyboard conventions.]
> 
> Yes, that's the Teres keyboard.
> 
> The wikipedia picture ofISO/IEC 9995-3:2002 applied to the US keyboard
> layout has 3 keys to the left and 4 keys to the right of the spacebar.
> Teres has 4 keys to the left and 3 keys to the right, otherwise they
> look the same (also the print on the keys):
> 
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_9995#/media/File:KB_US-ISO9995-3.svg

No surprises there, then. I've never seen R-Win on any keyboards that
aren't full size, nor a laptop without a Fn key, usually on the left.

> This similarity makes me wonder why I cannot find any information from
> Olimex (or elsewhere) whether the Teres keyboard is fully compliant
> with the ISO standard that seems to be the one at hand (and which also
> seems current):
> 
> https://www.iso.org/standard/57852.html
> 
> If it was compliant, then I guess that would make an informed choice
> of "Keyboard model" easier than it is now.
> 
> I also guess that compliance would not only mean that the number of
> keys, their relative positions and the print on the keycaps would be
> defined, but also, and more importantly, that the digital output would
> follow certain rules.

The only rule I know is that claiming compliance with standards can
cost serious money.

> And there's my major hick-up: 7 keys would be plenty if the output
> would suffice to consist of about 100 different signals since 2^7=128
> (to later map on characters, numbers and whatnot). 8 keys would be
> excessive. I do understand the historical reasons for 105 keys (or
> 80), but how they relate to what really matters (the digital output)
> is a mystery.

I don't think that these shifty keys are treated in such a logical
manner. I've always assumed that there's a keyboard controller chip
that's stamping "personality" on the keys, particularly Fn.

> It cannot really be physicality of the "Keyboard models", nor the
> (brand) names of the them, but rather the digital output that is
> defining whether one "Keyboard model" is different from the other. Or
> am I completely wrong here?
> 
> If I am not wrong, the next question is if there are really 193
> different keyboard models in that sense?
> 
> I mean, with the same keyboard layout (e.g. Finnish), how many of the
> 193 would give the exact same result on screen with one particular
> keyboard (e.g. the Teres laptop)?
> 
> I guess more than two (which I now know is the case).

My own take: to be on that list, someone maintaining X has to obtain a
model of that keyboard to map out all the keys. By the time that's
been done, time has past and you likely will find that that model is
history as far as shopping is concerned. Unlike with kernel
development, there's not the pressure to keep up with new models as
they come out. Pruning the list of its older models is not a
priority either.

> > I guess that with only 80 keys on your keyboard, many of the
> > differences between these different models are dealing with keys you
> > simply don't have. I can use pc105 for all my laptop, however many
> > keys they have.
> 
> As far as I can see, the "source code" to Teres' keyboard does not say
> anything about that, but the Schematics file lists 25 different keys
> (KBD_X0 to KBD_X16 and KBD_Y0 to KBD_Y7), and there is a micro
> controller ATMEGA16U4-AU.
> 
> https://github.com/OLIMEX/DIY-LAPTOP/blob/master/HARDWARE/A64-TERES/TERES-PCB5-KEYBOARD/Rev.A/TERES-PCB5-KEYBOARD_Rev.A.sch
> 
> I'm fine with thinking that KBD_X0, KBD_X1 etc on the "inside" are
> connected to the 40 physical keys on the "outside". Actually with 23
> electronic keys to combine, it would be enough with an unique output
> per electronic key plus ,  and + to get 92
> different combinations. That should be enough, no?

Enough for what? I'm not sure what you mean. But as far as your use of
the keyboard is concerned, the keypresses have been through the
microprocessor, the kernel, and perhaps the xorg driver, so you're
not going to see any one-to-one mapping.

> > What's more important is the layout: for example a British layout
> > puts \| left of z, whereas a US one will make that key <> and the
> > \| will be 3 keys right of p. In response to that, and deleting
> > £, many of the other punctuation characters get shuffled around.
> > 
> > The "key that's missing" usually refers to that left-of-z key,
> > (i) because the fact that it's the only punctuation character
> > thereabouts makes it rather obvious that it's missing, (ii) small
> > US keyboards don't have it whereas British (and

Re: Is it possible to install Debian in such a case.

2019-05-10 Thread Felix Miata

Brian composed on 2019-05-10 16:32 (UTC+0100):

> On Fri 10 May 2019 at 08:49:25 -0500, David Wright wrote:

>> What worries me about this thread is that the OP (who doesn't seem to
>> know how the various parts of the d-i are meant to work together) has
>> just last week posted a recipe claiming to install Debian using only
>> vmlinuz and initrd¹, ..

> That's a claim which can be sustantiated. 

Sounds like what I virtually always do, install from network, beginning with 
fetching

and

and placing them where Grub can find and load them. Nothing gets downloaded that
isn't needed. No need for any iso file.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is religion, not science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata  ***  http://fm.no-ip.com/

Re: Archiving content of a directory on a DVD-R.

2019-05-10 Thread Thomas Schmitt

Hi,

pe...@easthope.ca wrote:
> xorriso : UPDATE : Writing: 115440s   29.7%   fifo 100%  buf 100% 6.0xD
> libburn : FATAL : SCSI error on write(117872,16): [5 21 02] Illegal request.
> Invalid address for write.

That's new to me. I wonder how this could happen.

A DVD-R has to be written strictly sequentially, beginning at its
Next Writable Address as told by the drive. The SCSI WRITE commands
which are issued by libburn are supposed to bear the appropriate target
block address. After each WRITE command the address gets incremented by
the number of blocks which were written.
The code which does this is quite hard to fool.

In principle there are several possible reasons:
- libburn did not increment its WRITE address properly.
- a WRITE command was repeated by libburn or by the kernel.
- a WRITE command was dropped by the kernel.
- the drive's firmware had a hick-up.

Currently i have few ideas how to diagnose this. There is a debug message
in the Linux-specific code of libburn, which might have told more iabout
repetitions if the run had been made with debug verbosity:

  xorriso -report_about debug ...other.commands...

But that's quite verbous in many other aspects, too.
I will have to increase the severity of the non-fatal SG_IO driver events.

A repetition would not be noticed on overwritable media. I mostly use
BD-RE and DVD+RW media, which belong to that class. But once per day i
write a BD-R and about every week a CD-RW. Since years.

> libburn : FAILURE : Failed to close session (2). SCSI error : [5 72 03]
> Illegal request. Session fixation error, incomplete track in session.

... and i will have to review the bail-out procedure for failed write
operations. There seems to be missing a close-track operation.

Error handling of rarely occuring problems tends to be buggy by itself.

Have a nice day :)

Thomas

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