Re: Backup on DVD-RW: ISO 9660 file system overhead
Hello Simon, You are calculating a little bit wrong, since... Am 2008-06-21 12:11:51, schrieb Simon Jolle sjolle: > Hi Debian Users > > I am doing a backup of Thunderbird mails. As u can see the Space on disk > is 400 MB less than the space on ISO image. > > How can I avoid that much wasted space? > > $ du -sh .mozilla-thunderbird/; du -sh mail_archive_20jun08.iso > 1.8G .mozilla-thunderbird/ Here you calculate the REAL size of the files and not BLOCK size. > 2.2G mail_archive_20jun08.iso This are not only Data, but the Filesystem structure avec TOC too. And of course, the size if a block on a CD is arround 1500 Bytes > Did I use the wrong options? No, since you have a little bit wrong calculated. Thanks, Greetings and nice Day/Evening Michelle Konzack Systemadministrator 24V Electronic Engineer Tamay Dogan Network Debian GNU/Linux Consultant -- Linux-User #280138 with the Linux Counter, http://counter.li.org/ # Debian GNU/Linux Consultant # Michelle Konzack Apt. 917 ICQ #328449886 +49/177/935194750, rue de Soultz MSN LinuxMichi +33/6/61925193 67100 Strasbourg/France IRC #Debian (irc.icq.com) signature.pgp Description: Digital signature
Backup on DVD-RW: ISO 9660 file system overhead
Hi Debian Users I am doing a backup of Thunderbird mails. As u can see the Space on disk is 400 MB less than the space on ISO image. How can I avoid that much wasted space? $ du -sh .mozilla-thunderbird/; du -sh mail_archive_20jun08.iso 1.8G.mozilla-thunderbird/ 2.2Gmail_archive_20jun08.iso I did the following command: $ mkisofs -J -r -o mail_archive_20jun08.iso /home/sjolle/.mozilla-thunderbird/ Did I use the wrong options? cheers Simon signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: File system overhead
Hello Tony, Am 2006-01-19 16:51:13, schrieb Tony Heal: > anyone have a good link that explains why/what the ext3 overhead is. I have > a partition that looks like it has 8GB taken up by the OS and I need to > explain this. > FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on > /dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt AFAIK need ext3 one MByte journal per GByte disk space. And the it depends how you have initialized the FIlesystem. Exactly the blocksize: 1k, 2k or 4k Greetings Michelle Konzack Systemadministrator Tamay Dogan Network Debian GNU/Linux Consultant -- Linux-User #280138 with the Linux Counter, http://counter.li.org/ # Debian GNU/Linux Consultant # Michelle Konzack Apt. 917 ICQ #328449886 50, rue de Soultz MSM LinuxMichi 0033/3/8845235667100 Strasbourg/France IRC #Debian (irc.icq.com) -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: File system overhead
Mike
The explanation for Debian is the file system reserves some space (5% by
default) for root's use in case the partition gets filled. If your
partitions were formatted using mkfs then you can man mkfs and look at the
-m option. It will give a very brief explanation of what is happening
Tony Heal
Pace Systems Group, Inc.
800-624-5999
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
-Original Message-
From: Mike McCarty [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Friday, January 20, 2006 12:16 PM
To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
Subject: Re: File system overhead
Lubos Vrbka wrote:
>> If you look at the output of df -h you will see that the size of the
>> partition is 219GB there is only 168MB in this partition yet there is
>> only
>> 208GB left. This is a new server and that partition has only had things
>> added to it, nothing has ever been removed.
>>
>> By my calculations there should be 218.8GB left, so if not the rest
>> must be
>> filesystem overhead. 5 percent seems to be a bit much, but as long as
>> I can
>> explain it I may be able to live with this. That is why I want a link
>> to a
>> site that could explain the overhead of the ext3 filesystem.
>
> did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less
> free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc,
> however you can set it up differently) that is available only for
> root... and since you report 5% in your case...
>
> regards,
>
IMPORTANT NOTE: I DON'T RUN DEBIAN!
(My girlfriend runs Debian, so I hang out here to be
able to help support her machine. I run Fedora Core 2.)
I have *less* available as root than as ordinary user...
$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5 7633264 5717832 1527684 79% /
/dev/hda399075 24602 69358 27% /boot
none124044 0124044 0% /dev/shm
$ su -
Password:
# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5 7633264 5717836 1527680 79% /
/dev/hda399075 24602 69358 27% /boot
none124044 0124044 0% /dev/shm
But certainly not anything like 5%. And my numbers also
don't quite add up.
Mike
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Re: File system overhead
Tony Heal wrote: OK below is what I have. I have another question now. If the 'reserved' space is for root, why does root need space on all partitions for? For example why would I need to reserve space for the root user on /home, /tmp, /opt, /tmp. I can see this as being need for /var and /root, but what use is this on the other partitions? The reserved blocks are also used for file system journal and are needed to avoid fragmentation. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File system overhead
Lubos Vrbka wrote:
If you look at the output of df -h you will see that the size of the
partition is 219GB there is only 168MB in this partition yet there is
only
208GB left. This is a new server and that partition has only had things
added to it, nothing has ever been removed.
By my calculations there should be 218.8GB left, so if not the rest
must be
filesystem overhead. 5 percent seems to be a bit much, but as long as
I can
explain it I may be able to live with this. That is why I want a link
to a
site that could explain the overhead of the ext3 filesystem.
did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less
free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc,
however you can set it up differently) that is available only for
root... and since you report 5% in your case...
regards,
IMPORTANT NOTE: I DON'T RUN DEBIAN!
(My girlfriend runs Debian, so I hang out here to be
able to help support her machine. I run Fedora Core 2.)
I have *less* available as root than as ordinary user...
$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5 7633264 5717832 1527684 79% /
/dev/hda399075 24602 69358 27% /boot
none124044 0124044 0% /dev/shm
$ su -
Password:
# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda5 7633264 5717836 1527680 79% /
/dev/hda399075 24602 69358 27% /boot
none124044 0124044 0% /dev/shm
But certainly not anything like 5%. And my numbers also
don't quite add up.
Mike
--
p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}
This message made from 100% recycled bits.
You have found the bank of Larn.
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!
--
To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: File system overhead
OK below is what I have. I have another question now. If the 'reserved' space is for root, why does root need space on all partitions for? For example why would I need to reserve space for the root user on /home, /tmp, /opt, /tmp. I can see this as being need for /var and /root, but what use is this on the other partitions? file system overhead. the following is from the man page for mkfs -m reserved-blocks-percentage Specify the percentage of the filesystem blocks reserved for the super-user. This avoids fragmentation, and allows root-owned daemons, such as syslogd(8), to continue to function correctly after non-privileged processes are prevented from writing to the filesystem. The default percentage is 5%. However the default can be adjusted using tune2fs to regain some of that space. epace-storage:~# df -h|grep opt /dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt epace-storage:~# tune2fs -m2 /dev/sda9 tune2fs 1.37 (21-Mar-2005) Setting reserved blocks percentage to 2 (1163948 blocks) epace-storage:~# df -h|grep opt /dev/sda9 219G 168M 214G 1% /opt Tony Heal Pace Systems Group, Inc. 800-624-5999 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- From: Linas Zvirblis [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, January 20, 2006 7:42 AM To: debian-user@lists.debian.org Subject: Re: File system overhead > did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less > free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc, > however you can set it up differently) that is available only for > root... and since you report 5% in your case... You can set the percentage of reserved blocks like this... tune2fs -m number /dev/partition ...where "number" is number of reserved blocks of your total space in percents and "/dev/partition" is the device that contains EXT2/3 file system. In this case it would look like... tune2fs -m 1 /dev/sda9 tune2fs can be found in e2fsprogs package. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: File system overhead
Yes I was logged in as root. Tony Heal Pace Systems Group, Inc. 800-624-5999 [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- From: Lubos Vrbka [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Friday, January 20, 2006 1:42 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: debian-user@lists.debian.org Subject: Re: File system overhead > If you look at the output of df -h you will see that the size of the > partition is 219GB there is only 168MB in this partition yet there is only > 208GB left. This is a new server and that partition has only had things > added to it, nothing has ever been removed. > > By my calculations there should be 218.8GB left, so if not the rest must be > filesystem overhead. 5 percent seems to be a bit much, but as long as I can > explain it I may be able to live with this. That is why I want a link to a > site that could explain the overhead of the ext3 filesystem. did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc, however you can set it up differently) that is available only for root... and since you report 5% in your case... regards, -- Lubos [EMAIL PROTECTED]" -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File system overhead
did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc, however you can set it up differently) that is available only for root... and since you report 5% in your case... You can set the percentage of reserved blocks like this... tune2fs -m number /dev/partition ...where "number" is number of reserved blocks of your total space in percents and "/dev/partition" is the device that contains EXT2/3 file system. In this case it would look like... tune2fs -m 1 /dev/sda9 tune2fs can be found in e2fsprogs package. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File system overhead
If you look at the output of df -h you will see that the size of the partition is 219GB there is only 168MB in this partition yet there is only 208GB left. This is a new server and that partition has only had things added to it, nothing has ever been removed. By my calculations there should be 218.8GB left, so if not the rest must be filesystem overhead. 5 percent seems to be a bit much, but as long as I can explain it I may be able to live with this. That is why I want a link to a site that could explain the overhead of the ext3 filesystem. did you execute the df command as root? if not, it might report less free space. there is a reserved space (5% is default for ext2/3, iirc, however you can set it up differently) that is available only for root... and since you report 5% in your case... regards, -- Lubos [EMAIL PROTECTED]" -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File system overhead
On 1/19/06, Tony Heal <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > anyone have a good link that explains why/what the ext3 overhead is. I have > a partition that looks like it has 8GB taken up by the OS and I need to > explain this. > FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on > /dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt Check out: http://lwn.net/Articles/81357/
RE: File system overhead
If you look at the output of df -h you will see that the size of the
partition is 219GB there is only 168MB in this partition yet there is only
208GB left. This is a new server and that partition has only had things
added to it, nothing has ever been removed.
By my calculations there should be 218.8GB left, so if not the rest must be
filesystem overhead. 5 percent seems to be a bit much, but as long as I can
explain it I may be able to live with this. That is why I want a link to a
site that could explain the overhead of the ext3 filesystem.
Tony Heal
Pace Systems Group, Inc.
800-624-5999
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
-Original Message-
From: Mike McCarty [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Thursday, January 19, 2006 6:05 PM
To: debian-user@lists.debian.org
Subject: Re: File system overhead
Tony Heal wrote:
> anyone have a good link that explains why/what the ext3 overhead is. I
have
> a partition that looks like it has 8GB taken up by the OS and I need to
> explain this.
> FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on
> /dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt
What exactly needs explaining?
I use this little script in a file called dirsize
du -sm $(find $1 -type d -maxdepth 1 -xdev) | sort -gr
You might try (as root)
# dirsize /opt
and get some feel where stuff is hiding out.
Or are you claiming that it has no "files" in it.
If it was once very full, and you deleted the files,
then the directory structure may still be there. For
example, if you had at one time thousands of files
in /opt, but now it is empty, the directory would
still be very large. What does
# ls -ld /opt
say?
Mike
--
p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}
This message made from 100% recycled bits.
You have found the bank of Larn.
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!
--
p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}
This message made from 100% recycled bits.
You have found the bank of Larn.
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!
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Re: File system overhead
Tony Heal wrote:
anyone have a good link that explains why/what the ext3 overhead is. I have
a partition that looks like it has 8GB taken up by the OS and I need to
explain this.
FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt
What exactly needs explaining?
I use this little script in a file called dirsize
du -sm $(find $1 -type d -maxdepth 1 -xdev) | sort -gr
You might try (as root)
# dirsize /opt
and get some feel where stuff is hiding out.
Or are you claiming that it has no "files" in it.
If it was once very full, and you deleted the files,
then the directory structure may still be there. For
example, if you had at one time thousands of files
in /opt, but now it is empty, the directory would
still be very large. What does
# ls -ld /opt
say?
Mike
--
p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}
This message made from 100% recycled bits.
You have found the bank of Larn.
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!
--
p="p=%c%s%c;main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}";main(){printf(p,34,p,34);}
This message made from 100% recycled bits.
You have found the bank of Larn.
I can explain it for you, but I can't understand it for you.
I speak only for myself, and I am unanimous in that!
--
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with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
File system overhead
anyone have a good link that explains why/what the ext3 overhead is. I have a partition that looks like it has 8GB taken up by the OS and I need to explain this. Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda9 219G 168M 208G 1% /opt Tony Heal Pace Systems Group, Inc. 800-624-5999 [EMAIL PROTECTED]
