University Job Bank - new website

2000-04-04 Thread UJobBank.com

FYI:
You can post and search jobs for free at the new website University Job
Bank.

http://www.UJobBank.com

Two sister websites:
Post-doctoral positions:  http://www.post-docs.com

Graduate Assistantships:  http://www.GradAsst.com

Hope this helps.


--

Find a job at the University Job Bank
http://www.UJobBank.com




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Nonparametric repeated measures

2000-04-04 Thread srmillis

Is anyone aware of a nonparametric procedure/analogue for repeated
measures ANOVA, e.g., repeated measures (pre/post) for intervention and
control groups design?

Thanks,
SR Millis


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Re: Exploratory data analysis

2000-04-04 Thread DAVE REILLY

 We have some material on the subject you raise.

 http://www.autobox.com/outlier.html

as it deals with exploratory data analysis ( hypothesis generation )

also

please see

http://www.autobox.com/whatis.html

If they are useful to you, please let me and the group know.

regards

Dave Reilly



Ken wrote:

> Try
>
> http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/eda.htm
>
> and here's one that will give you a headache
>
> http://seamonkey.ed.asu.edu/~behrens/asu/reports/Peirce/Logic_of_EDA.html
>
> Jostein Vada wrote:
>
> > Hi,
> > I am a norwegian PhD student within the field of process control,
> > and in 7 days I am going to defend my thesis. One part of the "exam" is
> > to give a lecture on subject which is unknown to me. Six days ago I
> > received the title:
> >
> > "Exploratory Process Data Analysis"
> >
> > Focus is on methods and theory for the data-processing stage of model
> > developement. Issues should include nonlinear filtering techniques,
> > robust statistics, redundant techniques for data analysis, data
> > reconciliation, and graphical examination of data. In other words, the
> > process from raw data until model identification.
> >
> > As far as I know, there is a huge amont of litterature on all these
> > issues. Does anyone know of  books, papers or webpages which give a
> > survey over this field?
> >
> > I'll be appreciated for any information.
> >
> > Jostein Vada



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Re: Texts: Factor Analysis

2000-04-04 Thread James E. Strouse

Check out 'Multivariate Data Analysis' (4th Ed.)
Hair, Anderson, Tatham & Black
Great book.

[EMAIL PROTECTED]


[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> What are your favorite book(s) on factor analysis?
>
> What do you think of R. Gorsuch's book?
>
> Thanks,
> Scott Millis
>
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Re: "Kolmogorov-Smirnov" vs "Chi Square"

2000-04-04 Thread Rich Ulrich

On Tue, 04 Apr 2000 17:41:27 GMT, Madewell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> Let me ask you guys this.  If you calculated the power for
> the Chi-Squared test using both a small and then a large numbers and did
> the same for the KS test what would you find?
> 

Which chisquared test?  I keep reminding myself that there are an
awful lot of tests that are ideal, or close to it, that just happen to
test *different  hypotheses* - and it is rather nonsensical to compare
tests without having that in mind.

The best power the KS is likeliest to appear (though it might be
elsewhere) at the median split.  If you figure beforehand on a median
split, you could test  that  single, special hypothesis with a
chisquared, and that chisquared would outperform the KS for that
alternative.  

Of course, using a bunch of not-ordered categories will give you a
weak test on ORDERED values, compared to any test that does treat them
as Ordered, whether you collapse them into categories or not.  

-- 
Rich Ulrich, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.pitt.edu/~wpilib/index.html


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RE: Question re Wilcoxon

2000-04-04 Thread Simon, Steve, PhD

S. Shapiro writes:

>I have a set of six numbers, as follows:
>
>6.77597
>7.04532
>7.17026
>7.13235
>7.56820
>6.97272
>
>which represent results from six different measurements of 
>the same thing in six different trials, one measurement 
>per trial.  (As a consequence of measurement the samples 
>are destroyed, so it is not possible to measure the same 
>sample six different times.  Therefore, I had to set up 
>six separate, independent experiments and measure my 
>parameter of interest once in each experiment.)
>
>The question I seek to answer is: are the 6 values 
>obtained in the measuring process reproducible within 
>statistically meaningful boundaries?  I suppose another 
>way of asking the same question is: is the null hypothesis 
>Ho satisfied with respect to this series of measured 
>values?

Your question is a bit vague, but let me try to answer it. First the phrase
"statistically meaningful boundaries" is an indication that you are using
statistics as a substitute for careful intellectual analysis. What you want
instead of statistical boundaries is to get a scientist or engineer to
specify practical boundaries that have relevance to your business or
industry. For example, an expert in your area might consider a measurement
process as reproducible if the range is less than 2 units or if the
coefficient of variation (standard deviation divided by the mean) is less
than 0.25.

Statistics can tell you nothing about what is important from a practical
perspective. In medicine, we might tolerate a large amount of deviation when
we are measuring the body temperature of an adult, but we would want far
more precision when measuring the body temperature of a pre-term infant.
Only a doctor could tell you this, though. A mere statistician like me is
clueless in deciding what is important from a medical perspective.

Although you give no context for your data, I suspect that the same is true
for your situation. No statistical summary is going to be useful until you
first define what a reasonable amount of variation might be from a
scientific or engineering perspective. Talk to the subject matter experts
before you compute any statistics.

If these measurements are for a product that you sell, you might also try
asking your customers to specify what is important.

Furthermore, although you have not stated in precise terms what your null
hypothesis is, I suspect that there is no reasonable null hypothesis worth
testing on this data.

If this data is part of an ongoing evaluation program, you might consider
using control charts. Wheeler's book has a good explanation of how to use
control charts (the voice of the data) and how to compare them to practical
boundaries (the voice of the customer). But don't bother with anything
involving statistically meaningful boundaries or testing hypotheses.

I'm sorry if these comments seem critical. One of the hardest things in
Statistics is deciding what your goal is when you start to collect some
data. Since you only have a vague idea what your goal is, you need to get
some outside advice from experts in your area. I hope this helps.

Wheeler, Donald J. (1993). Understanding Variation. The Key to Managing
Chaos. Knoxvile TN: SPC Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0-945320-35-3). For the beginning
student. An insightful introduction about variation in business processes,
how to identify it and how to control it. A must read for anyone working on
improving quality in work processes.

Steve Simon, [EMAIL PROTECTED], Standard Disclaimer.
STATS - Steve's Attempt to Teach Statistics: http://www.cmh.edu/stats


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Re: "Kolmogorov-Smirnov" vs "Chi Square"

2000-04-04 Thread Herman Rubin

In article <8cd9g3$c5d$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Madewell  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Let me ask you guys this.  If you calculated the power for
>the Chi-Squared test using both a small and then a large numbers and did
>the same for the KS test what would you find?

The power of the KS test, as usually defined, cannot be
calculated except by simulation with few exceptions, and
is a function of the significance level, even asymptotically.

There is the asymptotic limit as the significance level
goes to zero, but not too quickly, and this is also
obtainable in other ways, such as the rather easily
calculated asymptotic Bayes risk efficiency; see my
paper with Sethuraman in Sankhya 1965.  At any rate,
it has reasonable power in the classical sense.

The chi-squared test with a FIXED number of cells has
an efficiency in the classical sense, and at least in
principle it can be calculated.  However, as the number
of cells increases, this efficiency goes to zero.

This is because the chi-squared test ignores adjacency,
and for reasonable alternatives, adjacent regions are
likely to differ from the null in similar ways.

In practice, the difference is surprising.
-- 
This address is for information only.  I do not claim that these views
are those of the Statistics Department or of Purdue University.
Herman Rubin, Dept. of Statistics, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette IN47907-1399
[EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone: (765)494-6054   FAX: (765)494-0558


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Re: request for suggestions regarding meta-analysis

2000-04-04 Thread Rich Ulrich

On Tue, 04 Apr 2000 14:00:34 GMT, Jerry Dallal
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> "Crepaz, Nicole" wrote:
> > 
> > Dear all,
> > 
> >As a first-time user of meta-analytical techniques, I am hoping that some
> > of you could suggest how to choose a reliable and proficient software from
> > various computer programs,
> 
> I would suggest you don't, at least not before reading
> John Bailar's letter to the NEJM, Jan 1, 1998, page 62.

I think I can guess, so RIGHT!


Nicole also wrote, 
  " Also, I would very much appreciate any suggestion regarding how to
convert beta-weights deriving from regressions and odd ratios into
effect sizes ... "

And, once you are educated enough to be ready to do a meta-analysis,
you will *know* why it is, that beta-weights and odds ratios  *are*
fine measures of effect sizes. 

Trying to convert those two measures to something else for a
meta-analysis is like trying to convert your "dollars"  for a shopping
trip to New York City -- neither rubles nor cartons of cigarettes
would be nearly so negotiable in NYC, though they serve a similar
function in other parts of the world.


-- 
Rich Ulrich, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.pitt.edu/~wpilib/index.html


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Re: "Kolmogorov-Smirnov" vs "Chi Square"

2000-04-04 Thread Madewell

Let me ask you guys this.  If you calculated the power for
the Chi-Squared test using both a small and then a large numbers and did
the same for the KS test what would you find?


In article <8c4vhs$e75$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Herman Rubin ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote:
> : How should one decide which type of test to use EXCEPT by
> : looking at its power? Statistics is not a collection of
>
> Minor details like validity come to mind. But you're exactly right,
> Herman, among tests that are valid, power is certainly an important,
if
> not the most important, criterion. But tests are sometimes chosen that
> have a reputation for high power against corner-case alternatives over
> more general tests, when these alternatives are not likely for the
> context in question. Computability (both of the test statistic and its
> critical values), though less often an issue, is also a relevant
> criterion. Finally, interpretability and understandability are
> relevant. A test or diagnostic (e.g. Q-Q or P-P plots) that gives
> richer information than just a p-value may be much more valuable than
a
> blind test. I've seen cases where a test was originally chosen over
> another because it was theoretically superior, but the superiority was
> in the sixth decimal place and the method was completely
unintelligible
> to the intended audience (this was an application journal). Of course,
> something to consider is multiple approaches: some more interpretable
> and others perhaps chosen for theoretical superiority. It might be
> worth pointing out that if you haven't done a histogram or Q-Q plot,
> you have no business performing a test.
>
> So yes, there are other criteria than power, but this is the first
> and perhaps most important criterion to consider.
>
> --
> Clark K. Gaylord
> Senior Research Engineer
> Communications Network Services
> Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0506
> Voice: 540/231-2347 Fax: 540/231-3928 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
--
Madewell
Interests: Engineering Management, Reliability Engineering,
Failure Analysis, Statistical Methods.


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Re: help!!

2000-04-04 Thread Rich Ulrich

On Mon, 03 Apr 2000 14:52:58 -0400, sowmya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I'm looking for references for my thesis. I'm working with a
> longitudinal study with 4 waves of follow-up. At each wave
> non-respondents to the previous wave are followed. In health surveys,
> most of the time, non-respondents are followed as long as funding is
> available to do so. I'm interested in being able to make a decision on
> when to stop following subjects  based on the amount of change in the
> point estimates that occurs by sampling the non-respondents. So I'm

I am having trouble with terminology.  Or you are.

"Waves of followup" used to mean that the people who were tracked at 5
years (say) were also recorded at 10 years.  

Finding the "non-respondents" is something that you do several times
in trying to complete a single *wave*.  If they are not at the same
address, you look in the phone book.  Then you ask their
employer/union/insurance company.  Then you ask a neighbor.  Then you
look for death certificates.  Then you ask for whatever the Social
Security Administration may tell you, though I think that is very
little.

All of that is in one wave;  and you hope that the items you are
tracking are not correlated with the difficulty of finding the people;
else, you might have to make estimates about *why* there is a
correlation.

Have you messed up the question?

-- 
Rich Ulrich, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.pitt.edu/~wpilib/index.html


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SEM course in Belgrade?

2000-04-04 Thread Lazar TENJOVIC

Dear coleages,

Our department (Department of Psychology in Belgrade, Serbia) want to
organize the course from Structural Equation Modeling (Theory and
Applications in Psychology). We need an expert (if it is possible from
European countries) who will be able to come to
our department and teach such an course. In English (because we do not
expect him to know Serbian, of course)! 

For details please send message to

[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Best,
Lazar Tenjovic
Department of Psychology
School of Philosophy
Belgrade, Serbia




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Re: request for suggestions regarding meta-analysis

2000-04-04 Thread Jerry Dallal

"Crepaz, Nicole" wrote:
> 
> Dear all,
> 
>As a first-time user of meta-analytical techniques, I am hoping that some
> of you could suggest how to choose a reliable and proficient software from
> various computer programs,

I would suggest you don't, at least not before reading
John Bailar's letter to the NEJM, Jan 1, 1998, page 62.


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Question re Wilcoxon

2000-04-04 Thread Dr. S. Shapiro

Dear Colleagues,

I have what I believe to be a rather simple-minded
statistics problem, but there's no one around here with
whom I can consult, hence my writing to you.  I was 
assigned to come up with an answer to this little problem 
by my Direktor  and (as usual) he wants a definitive 
answer _yesterday_.

I have a set of six numbers, as follows:

6.77597
7.04532
7.17026
7.13235
7.56820
6.97272

which represent results from six different measurements of 
the same thing in six different trials, one measurement 
per trial.  (As a consequence of measurement the samples 
are destroyed, so it is not possible to measure the same 
sample six different times.  Therefore, I had to set up 
six separate, independent experiments and measure my 
parameter of interest once in each experiment.)

The question I seek to answer is: are the 6 values 
obtained in the measuring process reproducible within 
statistically meaningful boundaries?  I suppose another 
way of asking the same question is: is the null hypothesis 
Ho satisfied with respect to this series of measured 
values?

Using MINITAB 11.21 (the only statistics programme 
available to me) I  saw that the population distribution 
for these six values is _sort of_ symmetric though not 
quite normal.  This observation, plus the fact that the 
sample size is so small (n = 6) suggested that I might 
obtain the answer I seek using Wilcoxon's Signed Rank 
Test.

Using the default confidence interval (CI) of 95.0, I 
obtained the following:


EstimatedAchieved
 N Median  Confidence  Confidence Interval
C1   6  7.08994.1  (   6.874,   7.369)


Four of the six measured values fall within the confidence 
interval, though two measured values (6.77597 and 7.56820) 
each lie slightly outside the confidence boundaries (which 
I presume is defined by a confidence interval of 94.1).

Next I raised the confidence interval from the default 
(95.0) to 97.5, in which case I obtained


EstimatedAchieved
 N Median  Confidence  Confidence Interval
C1   6  7.08996.4  (   6.776,   7.568)


As you see, now _all_ six measurements fall within the 
confidence interval, which I take to be defined as 96.4.

With these results in hand, the question then becomes 
one of interpretation.  I am given to understand that (in 
the absence of complicating factors) the confidence 
interval contains all values of Ho that would be retained 
had they been tested using alpha = (100 - CI) x (0.01).  
In that case, would I be correct to say that the six 
measured values  are reproducible (i.e. the null 
hypothesis is satisfied) at the significance level 
alpha = (100 - 96.4) x (0.01) = 0.036?

If I am doing everything wrong, could someone please 
explain to me what the correct procedure should be for me 
to use to check on the reproducibility of the six measured 
values in question?  Please keep in mind that the question 
I seek to answer is (I believe) a relatively simple one, 
so I hope that forthcoming explanations will likewise be 
relatively simple.  (No Einstein-Bose stats, please.)

As I do not regularly consult this usegroup, 
responders are kindly requested to contact me _directly_ 
at

[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Thanks in advance to all responders for your help in 
the above matter; I look forward to hearing from you at 
your earliest convienience, since the Direktor is already 
harassing me about this.

Regards,

S. Shapiro
[EMAIL PROTECTED]



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