[ekonomi-nasional] York University CRS Summer Course on Refugee Issues, June 2005
--- Chananya Kraisorn <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > To: > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > From: "Chananya Kraisorn" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Date: Thu, 10 Mar 2005 10:16:42 +0700 > Subject: [alumniIHRTP2003-southeastasiaplus] Fw: > York University CRS Summer Course on Refugee Issues, > June 2005 > > > - Original Message - > From: "Chris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Wednesday, March 09, 2005 7:19 PM > Subject: Fwd: York University CRS Summer Course on > Refugee Issues, June > 2005 > > > > Dear All, > > Please forward to FA networks. This course is > quite good. This year the > programme is slightly different from the one I > attended in 2002. At that > time, we were only 2 people working in Asia. So > there is a need for more > Asian participants! > Best wishes > Chris > > >X-Original-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >Date: Wed, 9 Mar 2005 02:18:05 -0500 > >From: CRS Summer Course <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > >Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > >Subject: York University CRS Summer Course on > Refugee Issues, June 2005 > > > >The 2005 Summer Course on Refugee Issues at the > Centre for Refugee > Studies, > >York University, Toronto will be held June 11-19. > This is an excellent > >professional development opportunity for those > working or studying in the > >area > >of forced migration and related fields. Any > assistance you could > provide in > >distributing this notice as widely as possible > would be greatly > appreciated. > > > >Sincerely, > > > >Bruce Collet > >Summer Course Director > >[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > >(Attachment: Summer Course 2005 Poster) > > > >Summer Course on Refugee Issues at the Centre for > Refugee Studies, York > >University Toronto, June 11-19, 2005 > > > >The Summer Course on Refugee Issues held by the > Centre for Refugee > Studies at > >York University is an internationally acclaimed > 8-day training for > academic > >and field-based practitioners working in the area > of forced migration. > The > >course involves a rigorous schedule of lectures, > panels and discussions, > >and a > >simulation exercise held at the Immigration and > Refugee Board of > >Toronto. The > >course draws from academic and field-based > experts for its faculty and, > >reflecting the Centre's mission, serves as a hub > for researchers, > students, > >service providers and policy makers to share > information and ideas. > > > >Topics and presenters* confirmed for the 2005 > Summer Course include: > > > >. Warehousing Refugees: An Analysis of > Alternative Approaches, Dr. > >Howard Adelman, York University (keynote address) > >. Root Causes and Consequences of Forced > Displacement, Dr. Ogenga > >Otunnu, DePaul University, Chicago > >. Globalization and Refugees, Dr. Alan > Simmons, York University > >. The Convention Refugee Definition in > Current Contexts, Martin > Jones, > >York University > >. The Global Refugee Regime of Charity > Management and Human Rights, > Tom > >Clark, External Associate, Centre for Refugee > Studies > >. Complex Humanitarian Emergencies and > Emergency Assistance, Dr. > Rupen > >Das, Humber College > >. International Legal Instruments and > Mechanisms, Dr. Reem Bahdi, > >University of Windsor > >. State Border Security in the Post 9/11 > Era, Dr. Peter Nyers, > McMaster > >University > >. Interdiction and Human Rights Law, Andrew > Brouwer, J.D., Canadian > >Council for Refugees and Jackman & Associates, > Toronto > >. Southern Sudanese Women Refugees in > Cairo, Dr. Jane Edward, OISE, > >University of Toronto > >. Return and Reconstruction in Somalia, > Ibrahim Absiye, Midaynta > >Association of Somali Service Agencies > >. Diaspora, Islam and Gender, Dr. Haideh > Moghissi, York University > >. Women in Conflict, Dr. Wenona Giles, York > University > >. Refugees and Civil Wars; The former > Yugoslavia, Dr. Nergis > Canefe, > >York University > >. Panel on Forced Migration and Mental > Health, Dr. Lilla Hardi, > >Cordelia > >Foundation, Budapest & Steve Maddern, Mental > Health Nurse, University > >Hospital, Wales > >. Panel on Forced Migration and Education, > Dr. Lucille Guilbert, > >Université Laval & Julia Dicum, OISE, University > of Toronto > >. Advocating for the Rights of Refugees, > Kamau Ngugi, Amnesty > >International > >. Sanctuary, Dr. Mary-Jo Leddy, Romero > House and University of > Toronto > > > >* Specific presentation titles are confirmed on > an on-going basis, refer > to > >www.yorku.ca/crs for updates. > > > >On the 7th day of the course (Friday, June 17), > simulated refugee > hearings > >will be held at the Immigration and Refugee Board > Toronto. In this > intensive > >exercise, course participants will be assigned > roles t
Re: [ekonomi-nasional] Re: Djoko Eddy: Gaji DPR Rp 25 Juta Tidak Cukup!
kalau gak dicukup2kan, berapapun gaji disediakan, gak bakal cukup. ya mbokyao ngasih contoh, gimana hidup dengan apa adanya. imam rakyat yang sudah terlanjur punya wakil2 seperti itu Budi Sudarsono <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Begitulah kalau anggota DPR belum menyadari apa makna dari "wakil rakyat". Djoko Eddy Abdurrahman ini dari partai apa ya ? Wasalam, > Date: Wed, 9 Mar 2005 18:28:23 -0800 (PST) > From: A Nizami >Subject: Djoko Eddy: Gaji DPR Rp 25 Juta Tidak Cukup! >Tadi malam (9 Maret 2005) di Metro TV ada acara >"Dialog Malam" yang menampilkan 2 anggota DPR, 1 dari >PKS, satu lagi pak Djoko Eddy Abdurrahman, dengan >pemandu, Sandrina Malakiano. Mereka memperbincangkan >rencana kenaikan gaji anggota DPR, dari Rp 25 juta, >menjadi Rp 40 juta. >Menurut Djoko Eddy, gaji Rp 25 juta tidak cukup, >karena dia harus menggaji staf ahli sebesar Rp 7,5 >juta, sehingga tinggal Rp 17 juta per bulan, belum >lagi harus jalan2. Bahkan untuk internet saja perlu Rp >3 juta per bulan (padahal dgn Rp 600 ribu saja sudah >dapat akses internet tak terbatas, sedang di warnet >cuma Rp 4000 per jam!)! ... Budi Sudarsono Senior Member, Indonesian National Committee, World Energy Council __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ Bantu Aceh! Klik: http://www.pusatkrisisaceh.or.id Yahoo! Groups Links [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ~--> Has someone you know been affected by illness or disease? Network for Good is THE place to support health awareness efforts! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Rcy2bD/UOnJAA/cosFAA/GEEolB/TM ~-> Bantu Aceh! Klik: http://www.pusatkrisisaceh.or.id Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ekonomi-nasional/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[ekonomi-nasional] Re: Djoko Eddy: Gaji DPR Rp 25 Juta Tidak Cukup!
Begitulah kalau anggota DPR belum menyadari apa makna dari "wakil rakyat". Djoko Eddy Abdurrahman ini dari partai apa ya ? Wasalam, > Date: Wed, 9 Mar 2005 18:28:23 -0800 (PST) > From: A Nizami <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >Subject: Djoko Eddy: Gaji DPR Rp 25 Juta Tidak Cukup! >Tadi malam (9 Maret 2005) di Metro TV ada acara >"Dialog Malam" yang menampilkan 2 anggota DPR, 1 dari >PKS, satu lagi pak Djoko Eddy Abdurrahman, dengan >pemandu, Sandrina Malakiano. Mereka memperbincangkan >rencana kenaikan gaji anggota DPR, dari Rp 25 juta, >menjadi Rp 40 juta. >Menurut Djoko Eddy, gaji Rp 25 juta tidak cukup, >karena dia harus menggaji staf ahli sebesar Rp 7,5 >juta, sehingga tinggal Rp 17 juta per bulan, belum >lagi harus jalan2. Bahkan untuk internet saja perlu Rp >3 juta per bulan (padahal dgn Rp 600 ribu saja sudah >dapat akses internet tak terbatas, sedang di warnet >cuma Rp 4000 per jam!)! ... Budi Sudarsono Senior Member, Indonesian National Committee, World Energy Council __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ~--> What would our lives be like without music, dance, and theater? Donate or volunteer in the arts today at Network for Good! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Tcy2bD/SOnJAA/cosFAA/GEEolB/TM ~-> Bantu Aceh! Klik: http://www.pusatkrisisaceh.or.id Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ekonomi-nasional/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[ekonomi-nasional] Proper sanitation will boost Indian tourism`
http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage.php?storyflag=y&leftnm=lmnu2&leftindx=2&lselect=1&chklogin=N&autono=182880 Proper sanitation will boost Indian tourism` Our Regional Bureau / Chennai March 09, 2005 There is a need for a hygienic environment with a well-regulated sanitisation mechanism to boost the Indian tourism industry as it has good prospects even in the face of stiff competition from neighbouring countries like Thailand and Malaysia. These views were expressed by Renuka Choudhury, minister of state for tourism (independent charge), in her inaugural address at the BEAUWELL INDIA 2OO5 in Chennai today, according to a release. It is touted as India's first business-to-business forum (B2B) on beauty and wellness organised by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). She further stated that beauty and wellness industry in India needs to be identified, categorised and standardised accordingly to cater to a huge market potential in this sector. The minister also insisted that India needs to gear up to tap this opportunity through a self-regulatory approach with a backbone of intangible assets the country has achieved through its 5,000 years of cultural evolution. Prathap C Reddy, chairman of Apollo Hospitals, in his keynote address, said that Indian healthcare industry has all necessary inputs to be the best in the world. Indian hospitals are well known for cardiac surgery at low cost with better quality treatment in the world with the cost of cardiac surgery being around $4000, as against the cost in the western world which is around $40,000. The Indian tourism industry will get a boost by offering a world-class health service at low cost and by offering alternative medicine to differentiate India's service from the rest of world, Reddy added. Claudio Barbesino, president, Cosmexport, Italy, in his address on 'Global Trends in Beauty and Cosmetics', said that the consumers are demanding more and more whereas brand loyalty is decreasing. Companies are fighting on price to differentiate from each other in the market where consumers are exposed to the same quality everywhere. Cosmetic industries are following two approaches to cater to the market needs â technology cosmetics and cultural-based cosmetics. Barbesino remarked that to satisfy each individual needs and to be competitive in the market, countries like Italy, China and India should follow the cultural approach as traditions and culture are acquired at birth. http://renewableenergyaccess.com/rea/news/story?id=23531 China Passes Renewable Energy Law March 9, 2005 China's Nanao wind farm will be followed by many others now the the government has enacted a national renewable energy standard. Beijing, China [RenewableEnergyAccess.com] It's official. With the recent passage of China's new Renewable Energy Law, one of the world's largest economies has now made one of the largest state-sponsored commitments toward renewable energy. China's government imposed a national renewable energy requirement that is expected to boost the use of renewable energy capacity up to 10 percent by the year 2020. "Passing such comprehensive renewable energy legislation is a remarkable feat for any country." - Jan Hamrin, Executive Director of the Center for Resource Solutions Eighteen months ago the country announced an interest in developing the legislation and wasted no time crafting and implementing it. The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) endorsed the Renewable Energy Law on February 28, significantly earlier than expected. President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao signed and announced this law. Effective next year, the law requires power grid operators to purchase resources from registered renewable energy producers. The law also offers financial incentives, such as a national fund to foster renewable energy development, and discounted lending and tax preferences for renewable energy projects. Rapid economic development throughout China has resulted in a significant increase in energy consumption, leading to a rise in harmful emissions and power shortages. The Renewable Energy Law is designed to help protect the environment, prevent energy shortages, and reduce dependence on imported energy. China's new law sets the stage for the widespread development of renewables, particularly for commercial scale renewable generating facilities. Through this legislation, the State officially encourages the construction of renewable energy power facilities. China's electricity grid is obligated to purchase all the electricity generated by approved renewable energy facilities located in its service area. The grid's buying price for renewables will be set by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), a regulatory department of the State Council. NDRC will adjust the buying price from time to time as necessary. The cost of purchasing this power will be spread across all cu
[ekonomi-nasional] Serbuan armada udara Malaysia
http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/3/8/business/10354098&sec=business Tuesday March 8, 2005 Second satellite terminal at KLIA BY B.K. SIDHU A SECOND satellite terminal building is to go up at the KL International Airport (KLIA), and be operational by 2008, to cater to the growing traffic in air travel. KLIA operator Malaysia Airports Holdings Bhd (MAHB) managing director Datuk Bashir Ahmad said work would start soon, or by next year. Given its experience in building the main terminal, MAHB is confident that it could put up the terminal in two-and-a-half to three years. The second satellite building is in addition to the previously announced RM100mil hub at KLIA for low-cost carriers (LCC) to meet the growing budget air travel business in the region. Bashir, speaking to reporters after the opening of the third New Route Asia 2005 forum in Kuala Lumpur yesterday, said the finer details had yet to be firmed up. But the second terminal is expected to cost about RM4bil. "We are in talks with the Government on the funds for the building and on our financial restructuring. We want to get (the financial restructuring) right so as to make MAHB viable," he said. MAHB is in advanced talks with the Government to restructure the RM856mil that it owes in concession payments, which total RM1.3bil. Going by original plans, the second terminal was to have been operational last year, but the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, the Sept 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, and the SARS outbreak that threw the global aviation industry into turmoil, put paid to such hopes. However, air travel has since picked up, with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) forecasting average global growth in air travel of 6% up to 2008. KLIA is nearing its capacity of 25 million passengers a year, thus the need for the new terminal. Last year, KLIA handled 21.1 million passengers. This year it expects a 7% growth to 22.5 million. Next year, the forecast is 25 million. A total of 46 airlines, carrying both passenger and cargo, operate from KLIA currently. Malaysia is not the only country planning additional facilities. Singapore is spending US$1.75bil to add a third terminal at Changi while Thailand is building a new airport in Bangkok, which is expected to open early next year. To a question, Bashir said that there had been no request yet from other budget carriers (apart from AirAsia), or even Malaysia Airlines, to operate some flights from the LCC terminal. "The LCC hub is for LCC airlines, and if traditional airlines want to use it they have to justify (the need to do so),'' he said. KLIA is also being upgraded to cater to the A380. There would be five gates at the main and second terminal building to cater to the super jumbo. Asked about efforts to improve the baggage system at the main terminal, Bashir said: "We are trying to find a solution that will resolve all the baggage problems we have had. The Government is very serious about it.'' Bashir also felt there was a need to upgrade the Kuala Terengganu and Kota Kinabalu airports. Upgrading works at Kuching airport are in progress. The New Route Asia forum, which Malaysia is hosting for the third time, brought together 300 delegates representing the region's airlines and airports to discuss future market opportunities. Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ~--> Has someone you know been affected by illness or disease? Network for Good is THE place to support health awareness efforts! http://us.click.yahoo.com/Rcy2bD/UOnJAA/cosFAA/GEEolB/TM ~-> Bantu Aceh! Klik: http://www.pusatkrisisaceh.or.id Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ekonomi-nasional/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
[ekonomi-nasional] Sekilas FTA Jepang-Thailand
Halo, sesuai dengan email kiriman saya sebelumnya, diduga ada usaha untuk memperbesar impor Indonesia untuk produk auto. Saya tidak tahu bagaimana bisa meminimalisir ini. Karena kalau kita hanya sekedari importir, maka ekonomi juga susah jadinya. Ekspor Thailand 800rb itu baru 2010 lo, belum 2015 dan 2020. Mau jadi pasar empuk nih kita hi3 Salam, Wiryo http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=1127 FTA with Thailand opens can of worms for automakers The Japanese government has urged Thailand to lift tariffs on car imports as part of its efforts to conclude a free trade agreement. At the same time, Japanese automakers, whose affiliated firms take up most of the Thai auto market, are cautious about the FTA because it could cause fierce competition between the same Japanese car models. FTA with Thailand opens can of worms for automakers By Takashi Kikuchi The Daily Yomiuri Publication Date : 2004-12-08 The Japanese government has urged Thailand to lift tariffs on car imports as part of its efforts to conclude a free trade agreement. At the same time, Japanese automakers, whose affiliated firms take up most of the Thai auto market, are cautious about the FTA because it could cause fierce competition between the same Japanese car models. Following a basic FTA with the Philippines in late November, the government is shifting its focus to trade negotiations with other countries, including Thailand. As the government and automakers differ in their views of the FTA with Thailand, it is possible the problem of tariffs on cars as well as those on agricultural products could cause fresh disagreements between the two countries. Adisak Rohitasume, president of the Thai Automotive Industry Association and vice president of Asian Honda Motor Co., said: "We want the Japanese government to give priority to automobile parts in the FTA negotiations, and as for completed automobiles, wait, if possible, until 2010 or later, when the Thai car industry will be able to compete with Japanese-built cars. We've already informed the Thai government of our wishes." Thailand imposes an 80-percent tariff on Japanese-built cars. In Thailand, Honda Motor Co.'s Odyssey is priced at 2.5 million baht (\6.46 million) and is marketed as a high-end luxury car. A Japanese businessman working in Bangkok said, "I want to use a Japanese car on business, but it's so expensive that I have to use a Mercedes-Benz made in Thailand." In the Japan-Thailand FTA negotiations, Japan urged Thailand to remove tariffs on utomobiles and steel. Adisak's comments were made against a backdrop of concern that when the two countries reach a basic agreement for the FTA and tariffs are slashed, Japanese-built cars could flood the market. Although the car industry has become a major industry in Thailand, 80 percent to 90 percent of the production, sales and exports are taken up by firms affiliated with Japanese carmakers. A Honda Motor Co. plant in Ayutthaya is increasing production and export of its City model--exported to Japan as the Fit ARIA--the Civic and sport utility vehicles. The plant is involved in integrated production-anufacturing metal molds and engines, processing to press steel plates and assembling. Parts made at the plant are exported to Japan, China and the United States. Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra has said he wants to make Thailand the Detroit of Asia. His idea is to produce fuel-efficient cars and pickup trucks, increasing annual production to 1.8 million units in 2010, of which 800,000 units are for export. The plan aims to establish Thailand as a production center within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries. If the tariff is removed immediately after the FTA negotiations, there is concern among Thais that Japanese automakers could cut investment in auto production in Thailand, which could affect employment in the country. In this area, the interest of the prime minister coincides with that of the automobile industry. On the other hand, Japanese automakers are aware that Thailand also is in FTA negotiations with China, South Korea and the United States, and if Japan falls behind such rival countries in negotiations, it could miss out on exporting its products to Thailand. Automakers in Thailand affiliated with Japanese car manufacturers see the merits of using the Thai FTA networks to push into emerging markets, including India and Middle East countries. Therefore, a source in the Japanese automobile industry said, "It's possible that Thailand could become a center of exports--avoiding competition for market share and models between Japan, European countries and the United States." But in the Japan-Thailand FTA negotiations, the two countries have confirmed the exclusion of rice--Japan's Achilles heel--from the negotiations, giving Thailand a stick with which to beat Japan. Taking this into consideration, there is no denying that the problem of automobile tariffs could cast a shadow over f
RE: [ekonomi-nasional] Perlukah Indonesia keluar dari OPEC?
Jam SMA sering ada Pameo..Biar Miskin..asal sombong. /ad -Original Message- From: Sulhan Askandar [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Thursday, March 10, 2005 10:10 AM To: ekonomi-nasional@yahoogroups.com Subject: [ekonomi-nasional] Perlukah Indonesia keluar dari OPEC? PERLUKAH INDONESIA KELUAR DARI OPEC? Beberapa minggu lalu disalah satu majalah mingguan Indonesia ada berita berjudul Mengkaji jika keluar dari OPEC. Dalam berita itu disebutkan, pemerintah Indonesia sudah membentuk tim khusus yang akan mengkaji kemungkinan Indonesia keluar dari keanggotaan OPEC. Tim yang diketuai oleh Kepala Badan Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas ( BPMIGAS) Rachmat Soedibyo beranggotakan pejabat-pejabat di Departemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral, Departemen Luar Negeri, dan Departemen Keuangan. Apakah hasil pembahasan dari tim yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah tersebut akan merekomendasikan Indonesia lebih baik keluar dari keanggotaan OPEC atau tetap menjadi anggota OPEC, kita belum tahu. Berikut adalah sedikit gambaran mengenai OPEC dan beberapa data statistik yang saya kutip dari OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2003 sehingga para anngota mail-list ini bisa berkomentar atau menarik kesimpulan sendiri apa Indonesia perlu mempertahankan keanggotaannya atau lebih baik keluar dari OPEC. Sebagaimana yang tercantum pada OPEC Bulletin edisi November/December 2004, OPEC is a permanent, intergovernmental Organization, established in Baghdad, September 10-14, 1960, by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Its objective is to coordinate and unify petroleum policies among Member Countries, in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry.Saat ini ada 11 negara yang menjadi anggota OPEC, yaitu Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia dan Venezuela sebagai founding members; Qatar, Indonesia, SP Libyan SJ, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, dan Nigeria sebagai full members. Indonesia menjadi anggota OPEC sejak tahun 1962. Equador masuk jadi anggota tahun 1973 dan keluar dari keanggotaan tahun 1992. Gabon masuk jadi anggota tahun 1975 dan keluar dari keanggotaan tahun 1995. Kalau kita terjemahkan secara bebas, tujuan organisasi ini adalah mengkoordinasikan dan mempersatukan petroleum policies diantara para Negara anggota agar terjamin: 1. Adanya harga yang pantas dan stabil untuk produsen, 2. Pasokan yang teratur untuk Negara konsumen yang dilaksanakan secara efisien dan ekonomis 3. Hasil pengembalian investasi yang wajar bagi penanam modal. Seberapa jauh tujuan dari organisasi ini tercapai dan apakah Indonesia sudah mendapat manfaat , saya kira para anggota tim punya data yang cukup, namun kalau kita simak angka2 berikut mungkin kita bisa membuat penilaian sendiri. Rata2 produksi minyak dunia tahun 2003 adalah 67,1 juta barrel per hari(bph), dimana produksi dari OPEC adalah 26,9 juta bph atau sekitar 40.1%. Dengan hanya menguasai sekitar 40% dari produksi dunia, saya kira tidak banyak peranan OPEC dalam penentuan harga. Indonesia sendiri, pada tahun 2003 produksinya hanya 1,14 juta bph atau sekitar 4% dari produksi OPEC. Pada tahun 2004 produksi Indonesia turun lagi menjadi 1,08 juta bph. Dengan pertumbuhan permintaan dalam negeri sekitar 5% per tahun, sebenarnya Indonesia sudah menjadi net importer sejak pertengahan tahun lalu. Penurunan produksi Indonesia yang terjadi terus menerus sejak tahun 2000 karena 88% dari produksinya berasal dari 70 % sumur2 minyak yang sudah tua ( The Straits Times,February 21,2005). Kalau dalam waktu singkat tidak ada penambahan proven reserves minyak yang significant dinegara-negara non OPEC, ada kemungkinan peranan OPEC dalam penyediaan minyak untuk dunia makin besar, namun apakah OPEC bisa mengendalikan harga minyak dunia, tetap merupakan pertanyaan yang sulit dijawab. Angka proven reserves minyak yang dimiliki anggota OPEC adalah 891,1 milyar barrel, atau sekitar 78.3% dari proven reserves minyak dunia sekitar 1.137,5 milyar barrel. Sayangnya proven reserves minyak Indonesia sendiri hanya 4,7 milyar barrel, atau sekitar 0,5% dari proven reserves minyak OPEC. Dari 11 negara anggota OPEC, Indonesia adalah pemilik proven reserves minyak yang terkecil, dibawah Algeria dengan proven reserves minyak sebesar 11,8 milyar barrel. Pemilik proven reserves minyak terbesar adalah Saudi Arabia sebesar 262,7 milyar barrel, disusul Iran ditempat kedua sebesar 133,3 milyar barrel. Dengan tingkat produksi yang menurun terus menerus selama lima tahun terakhir ,dan reserves yang hanya sekitar 0,5 % dari reserves OPEC adalah wajar kalau kita bertanya seberapa besar efektifitas keanggotaan Indonesia dalam OPEC, apalagi kalau masih ditambah dengan keharusan membayar annual membership fee sebesar $ 2,000,000.00 Kalau kita masih tetap bertahan menjadi anggota OPEC saya khawatir akan ada yang ngeledek
