Re: [fpc-pascal] case statement

[Gerhard Scholz via fpc-pascal]

statement list = statement { ";" statement }

statementlist itself is not explained; I assume "statementlist" to be the 
same as "statement list"


It is included in the definition of the try...except statement.



ELSE/OTHERWISE

I assume that came historically; the first implementation of a PASCAL 
compiler I have seen had no else or otherwise in the case startement. Some 
ater dialects introduced ELSE, other dialect(s) used OTHERWISE, FPC then 
allowed both.




Ambiguity:

It is so. I was a bit astonished.

  i := 4 ;
  case i of
1,
2: if odd ( i )
 then write ( 'odd' )
else write ( 'even' ) ;
   end ;

produces nothing, else is part of the if statement, in case of ambiguity the 
nearest possibility is used.


  i := 4 ;
  case i of
1,
2: if odd ( i )
 then write ( 'odd' )
   ; else write ( 'even' ) ;
   end ;

produces the print 'even', else is part of the case statement

As I read the syntax of the case statement in ref.pdf, the semicolon before 
the else is not even allowed.


the syntax is (see below)

case-statement = "CASE" expression "OF" case { ";" case } [ else-part ] 
[ ";" ] .



if you change that to

case-statement = "CASE" expression "OF" case { ";" case } [ ";" ] [ 
else-part [ ";" ] ] .



then you have what the compiler does.



I never had the problem because before the else I always inserted a ";"

- Original Message - 


From: "Adriaan van Os via fpc-pascal" 
To: "FPC-Pascal users discussions" 
Cc: "Adriaan van Os" 
Sent: Thursday, December 14, 2023 4:53 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] case statement




I am looking in detail at the syntax diagrams in the Freepascal Language 
Reference (version 3.2.0)


Section 13.2.2 discusses the case-statement. Translated to EBNF (WSN) the 
syntax is


case-statement = "CASE" expression "OF" case { ";" case } [ else-part ] 
[ ";" ] .
case = constant [ ".." constant ] { "," constant [ ".." constant ] } ":" 
statement .

else-part = [ "ELSE" | "OTHERWISE" ] statementlist .

If this is correct (and the compiler really allows it) then a semicolon 
between  and  is not required. Consequently, there is an 
ambiguity between an if-then-else statement (as last statement of the 
) and an if-then statement (as last statement of the ) and an 
. This is extremely dangerous and I feel that at least the 
Language Reference should warn against it.


Even with an obliged semicolon, I always use "OTHERWISE instead of ELSE, 
but that's my personal preference.


By the way, the Language Reference doesn't specify what a  
is.


Regards,

Adriaan van Os

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Range check error warning.

[Gerhard Scholz]

z := x AND y is a bitwise AND


(not (foldhiddenmask or currentfoldhiddenmask))

results in

dec: -193hex:  ff3f bin:       0011 

this AND hex: $ff (bin: 1 ) gives

bin:       0011 
AND
bin:        

bin:       0011 

the result now definitely fits in a byte

The operators NOT, AND, OR, XOR (applied to integers) should be mentioned 
somewhere in the documentation, maybe the explanation there is clearer



- Original Message - 
From: "fredvs via fpc-pascal" 

To: 
Cc: "fredvs" 
Sent: Tuesday, March 24, 2020 8:59 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Range check error warning.



what about



foldlevelmask = (not (foldhiddenmask or currentfoldhiddenmask)) and $ff ;


Ha, this one fpc 3.3.1 like it!

No more warning nor error.

May I ask you what "and $ff" does, is it the same as "abs()" or keep it 
the

negative value?

Many thanks.

Fre;D



-
Many thanks ;-)
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Range check error warning.

[Gerhard Scholz]

what about

foldlevelmask = (not (foldhiddenmask or currentfoldhiddenmask)) and $ff ;

instead of the "  f...  := byte(...) " line

?

- Original Message - 
From: "fredvs via fpc-pascal" 

To: 
Cc: "fredvs" 
Sent: Tuesday, March 24, 2020 1:08 AM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Range check error warning.



Hello.

With fpc 3.3.1 there is this warning:

"Warning: (4110) Range check error while evaluating constants (-193 must 
be

between 0 and 255)"

Here the code pointed by the warning:

const
foldhiddenbit = 7;
foldhiddenmask = 1 shl foldhiddenbit;
currentfoldhiddenbit = 6;
currentfoldhiddenmask = 1 shl currentfoldhiddenbit;
foldlevelmask = byte(not (foldhiddenmask or currentfoldhiddenmask));
>Here the warning

I dont understand how the compiler can find -193 as value for
foldlevelmask...

Fre;D







-
Many thanks ;-)
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Variant part in objects?

[Gerhard Scholz]

Do it like this:

type obj = object
  vars : record
   case boolean of

 end ;
 end ;

- Original Message - 
From: "Ryan Joseph via fpc-pascal" 

To: "FPC-Pascal users discussions" 
Cc: "Ryan Joseph" 
Sent: Sunday, November 24, 2019 3:18 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Variant part in objects?


Is there a reason that objects don't support variant sections like with 
records? Maybe they mess with the VMT table when virtual methods are 
added?


I just posted my "advanced objects" patch 
(https://bugs.freepascal.org/view.php?id=36350) and all it does is add 
"class operators" to objects but I was curious about the variant records 
because it appears to be the only other thing from records that aren't in 
objects.


Regards,
Ryan Joseph

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Re: [fpc-pascal] LongBool True = -1

[Gerhard Scholz]

Afaik, the bool types (longbool, wordbool, bytebool) come from the C 
language and are mostly used to interface with C libraries (for example: 
windows). The definitions there are: 0 means FALSE, anything else means 
TRUE. Normally C routines return a dword/word/byte filled with ones for TRUE 
and expect something not 0 as TRUE. So, the definition comes from C. As long 
Pascal programmers want to use libraries written in C, this definition 
should not be changed in the Pascal compiler.


Regards
Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: "Sven Barth via fpc-pascal" 

To: 
Cc: "Sven Barth" 
Sent: Friday, May 18, 2018 7:22 AM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] LongBool True = -1



Am 17.05.2018 um 23:26 schrieb Anthony Walter:
I am working with some a glib library that expects gboolean to be 
positive 1 for true, yet FPC emits -1 for true. Is there a compiler flag 
to force boolean types to emit 1 instead of -1? If so, would there 
possibly be any side effects with other pascal code?
Why don't you use the glib2 unit which declares a correct gBoolean type 
(using Boolean32 which had been introduced for that purpose) and 
accordingly defined gTRUE and gFALSE?


Regards,
Sven
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Variant record consistency

[Gerhard Scholz]

I assume, my response was a bit unclear. If you code it like this, you 
should get a runtime-error or compiler-error if the two variants are not 
same-sized, and I assume, this is what you wanted.


- Original Message - 
From: "Gerhard Scholz" <g...@g--s.de>

To: "FPC-Pascal users discussions" <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org>
Sent: Sunday, August 07, 2016 8:00 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Variant record consistency



if same size is necessary, I would do it like this:

const
 topDataQword= 29;
 topNameChar= 231;

type
 Tfnord1 = array[0..topDataQword] of qword ;
 Tfnord2 = record
  name: array[0..topNameChar] of char;
  inode: qword
end ;
 Tfnord= record
case boolean of
  false: (data: Tfnord1);
  true:  (ni : Tfnord2)
  end;

and, in the code:
 if sizeof(tfnord1) <> sizeof(tfnord2) then halt(4711);

or, in the data
type xxtest = array [ 1..ord(sizeof(tfnord1) = sizeof(tfnord2)) ] of 
boolean ;


- Original Message - 
From: "Mark Morgan Lloyd" <markmll.fpc-pas...@telemetry.co.uk>

To: <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org>
Sent: Sunday, August 07, 2016 6:11 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Variant record consistency



Given a declaration

const
  topDataQword= 29;
  topNameChar= 231;

type
  Tfnord= record
case boolean of
  false: (data: array[0..topDataQword] of qword);
  true:  (name: array[0..topNameChar] of char;
  inode: qword) (* For recovery if name is 
changed *)

  end;

is it possible to enforce a rule that the two record variants must be the 
same size?


--
Mark Morgan Lloyd
markMLl .AT. telemetry.co .DOT. uk

[Opinions above are the author's, not those of his employers or 
colleagues]

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Variant record consistency

[Gerhard Scholz]

if same size is necessary, I would do it like this:

const
 topDataQword= 29;
 topNameChar= 231;

type
 Tfnord1 = array[0..topDataQword] of qword ;
 Tfnord2 = record
  name: array[0..topNameChar] of char;
  inode: qword
end ;
 Tfnord= record
case boolean of
  false: (data: Tfnord1);
  true:  (ni : Tfnord2)
  end;

and, in the code:
 if sizeof(tfnord1) <> sizeof(tfnord2) then halt(4711);

or, in the data
type xxtest = array [ 1..ord(sizeof(tfnord1) = sizeof(tfnord2)) ] of 
boolean ;


- Original Message - 
From: "Mark Morgan Lloyd" 

To: 
Sent: Sunday, August 07, 2016 6:11 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Variant record consistency



Given a declaration

const
  topDataQword= 29;
  topNameChar= 231;

type
  Tfnord= record
case boolean of
  false: (data: array[0..topDataQword] of qword);
  true:  (name: array[0..topNameChar] of char;
  inode: qword) (* For recovery if name is changed 
*)

  end;

is it possible to enforce a rule that the two record variants must be the 
same size?


--
Mark Morgan Lloyd
markMLl .AT. telemetry.co .DOT. uk

[Opinions above are the author's, not those of his employers or 
colleagues]

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Free Pascal 2.6.4-rc1 released!

[Gerhard Scholz]

I downloaded

ftp://freepascal.stack.nl/pub/fpc/beta/2.6.4-rc1/i386-win32/fpc-2.6.4rc1.i386-win32.exe

The setup the said:

The setup files are corrupted. Please obtain a new copy of the program.

I did that; the second copy also didn't work.

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Bart bartjun...@gmail.com

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Thursday, December 19, 2013 11:44 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Free Pascal 2.6.4-rc1 released!



On 12/19/13, Marco van de Voort mar...@stack.nl wrote:


ftp://freepascal.stack.nl/pub/fpc/beta/2.6.4-rc1/


I get a Permission denied  for that URL.

Bart
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Re: ++ and -- ( and +=, -=, ...)

[Gerhard Scholz]

Semantically, it's not the same, but

a += b

can be replaced by

inc ( a, b ) ;

It's readable, it looks like normal standard Pascal; and it's clear that the 
address of a is

calculated only once.

If a,b are not ordinals, inc could be overloaded.

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Graeme Geldenhuys gra...@geldenhuys.co.uk

To: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2013 12:54 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Re: ++ and -- ( and +=, -=, ...)



On 2013-07-30 22:42, leledumbo wrote:


People who uses C style short unreadable code approach
usually state they get more optimized code, yet the compiler is actually
able to produce the same with optimizations turned on.


No, I simply prefer to use += and -= because it is easier to read the
code (for me at least). But with the added restrictions applied in
recent FPC releases (eg: those shortcuts don't work with properties any
more) I am slowly forced to move back to the verbose a := a + b syntax.
:-/


Regards,
 Graeme.


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Re: [fpc-pascal] ++ and -- ( and +=, -=, ...)

[Gerhard Scholz]

I tried it now with locals and globals, but with the same results.

The code:

program plusas ;

 type
   t = array [ 1..10 ] of longint ;

 var
   i : longint ;
   a : t ;

 function incg ( var i : longint ) : longint ;
//inc(i),return the incremented i

   begin
 inc ( i ) ;
 result := i ;
end ;

 procedure l ;

   var
 i : longint ;
 a : t ;

   function incl ( var i : longint ) : longint ;
//inc(i),return the incremented i

 begin
   inc ( i ) ;
   result := i ;
  end ;

   begin
 i := 1 ;
 a[i] := a[i] + 3 ;
 a[i] += 3 ;
 a[incg ( i )] += 3 ;
 a[incl ( i )] += 3 ;
end ;

 begin
   i := 1 ;
   a[i] := a[i] + 3 ;
   a[i] += 3 ;
   a[incg ( i )] += 3 ;
  end.

Very obviously the += is implemented as a kind of macro, if the index is a 
function, it is called twice with surprising result.


According to the FPC manual (I just looked it up), which says:

   a += b Adds b to a, and stores the result in a.
   Remark: These constructions are just for typing convenience, they don't 
generate different code.


this is the expected result, I must admit.


From my common sense thinking, i would have expected something like:


   a[incg ( i )] += 3 ;

translates to

   P := @ a[incg ( i )] ;
   P^ := P^ + 3 ;

I have no C compiler since I don't like C, but I would like to know how C 
compilers handle +=.


The GNU C manual says:
  +=  Adds the two operands together, and then assign the result of the 
addition to the left operand.


Could be understood ambiguous also.

I know the += from Algol68, where it is defined very exact:

op (hplusab, +:=)  =(ref  int a,  int b) ref  int :a := a + b;

or, in pascal-like terms

operator += ( var a : longint ; b : longint ) z : longint ; begin a := a + b 
; z := a ; end ;


Exact definitions normally give less surprising results.
So I think I will forget += etc.

- Original Message - 
From: Jonas Maebe jonas.ma...@elis.ugent.be

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2013 10:41 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] ++ and -- ( and +=, -=, ...)



On 30 Jul 2013, at 22:17, Gerhard Scholz wrote:

Beside of the question, if ++,--,+=,etc. fit into Pascal or not, there 
stays the question: is it a plus?

I expected that
a[i] += 3
compiles better than
a[i] := a[i] + 3
I expected that the computation of a[i] is done only once, but the 
produced code is the same, the address of a[i] is computed twice.

So the whole construct is only a typing saving.
Compilation done with FP 2.6.2, winxp, 32-bit)


Syntax and generated code are in principle unrelated. The reason you don't 
get the optimised version of the code, is probably because you used global 
variables. Make the array and i local, and you will see that in both cases 
the address of a[i] is calculated only once. Constructs involving global 
variables are harder to analyse for side-effects, so they are simply not 
optimised at all in many cases by FPC.


Constructs like I++, ++I are nice shortcuts (and sometimes the code can be 
better readable), but have only a real value, if the produced code is a 
bit optimized.


That was true in the eighties when C statements were pretty much directly 
mapped to assembler. Nowadays, they make code actually harder to optimise 
because they introduce side-effects in the middle of expressions.


Adding a particular syntax to a programming language in order to work around 
a (realistically solvable) weakness of the optimiser is an extremely bad 
approach to language design.



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Re: [fpc-pascal] ++ and -- ( and +=, -=, ...)

[Gerhard Scholz]

(If +=, -= etc. would have been copied from Algol68 and not from C, it would 
have been written +:=  -:=, which looks more pascal-like. And the acceptance 
for these constructs would be wider, I assume. Just an optical note to that 
theme).


Beside of the question, if ++,--,+=,etc. fit into Pascal or not, there stays 
the question: is it a plus?

I expected that
a[i] += 3
compiles better than
a[i] := a[i] + 3
I expected that the computation of a[i] is done only once, but the produced 
code is the same, the address of a[i] is computed twice.

So the whole construct is only a typing saving.
Compilation done with FP 2.6.2, winxp, 32-bit)

Constructs like I++, ++I are nice shortcuts (and sometimes the code can be 
better readable), but have only a real value, if the produced code is a bit 
optimized.


standard:
   i := i + 1 ;
   a[i] := 3
with ++:
   a[++i] := 3 ;

Could save one (or two) assembler statements!

And now let's wait for people who want to see a[++i++] := 2 in the 
language!


Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Marco van de Voort mar...@stack.nl

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Tuesday, July 30, 2013 8:37 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Re: ++ and --



In our previous episode, Mattias Gaertner said:

 Also +=, etc are not true operators in FPC like they are in e.g. C++,
 but they are internally translated to a := a + b, etc. So potential
 sideeffects need to be remembered here.

That's not entirely true. For example a:=a+b is allowed for
properties, while a+=b is not allowed for properties.


I think Sven meant that a is only evaluated once. (in case it is an
expression). Not that it operates on all types.
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Set size limit

[Gerhard Scholz]

Here is a unit that could be useful.

Works with pentium and Win32; not tested with other CPUs or operating 
system.


I hope you have 7zip, or I will create a zip file.

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Daniel Gaspary dgasp...@gmail.com

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Saturday, March 09, 2013 9:52 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Set size limit



Hi,

  I am trying to create a Set Type...

  TMyEnum = (me1, me2, me3); // more than 500 elements

  TMySet = set of TMyEnum;

...but I get the following error:

Error: illegal type declaration of set elements [1]

The problem seems to be that TMyEnum has more than 256 elements.

Can I specify such Set with some compiler option ?

My fpc is pre 2.6, any change on new versions concerning Sets limits?

Thanks.

[1] A more specific message would help too. :)
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ubigset.7z
Description: Binary data
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Set size limit

[Gerhard Scholz]

Sorry, there are some changes neccessary:
   drop the reference to unit 
   uAsms
   delete the line 
   FillOnes ( ...

   it was there for debugging purposes

- Original Message - 
From: Gerhard Scholz g...@g--s.de

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Cc: dgasp...@gmail.com
Sent: Monday, March 11, 2013 7:42 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Set size limit



Here is a unit that could be useful.

Works with pentium and Win32; not tested with other CPUs or operating 
system.


I hope you have 7zip, or I will create a zip file.

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Daniel Gaspary dgasp...@gmail.com

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Saturday, March 09, 2013 9:52 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Set size limit



Hi,

  I am trying to create a Set Type...

  TMyEnum = (me1, me2, me3); // more than 500 elements

  TMySet = set of TMyEnum;

...but I get the following error:

Error: illegal type declaration of set elements [1]

The problem seems to be that TMyEnum has more than 256 elements.

Can I specify such Set with some compiler option ?

My fpc is pre 2.6, any change on new versions concerning Sets limits?

Thanks.

[1] A more specific message would help too. :)
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[fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be internal linker problem)

[Gerhard Scholz]

Platform: Win32, FPC2.7.1, Virusscanner Avira Free Antivirus

The compiled program is assumed to be a virus.

Name:TR/Crypt.XPACK.Gen2 (according to Avira, shall be a trojan)

Compile line: 
ppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600-gclt -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM


With the external linker ( -Xe ) the program is not a virus and works.

Shall I make a bug report from that? I think I can not produce a small test 
program, the problem occurs only with one program, others do compile without 
problem.


Gerhard 


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Re: [fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be internallinker problem)

[Gerhard Scholz]

@Martin:

Compile line: ppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600 -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM
(dropping the -gclt) helped.

It seems you were right.

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Martin laza...@mfriebe.de

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Monday, February 11, 2013 10:08 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be 
internallinker problem)




On 11/02/2013 20:22, Gerhard Scholz wrote:

Platform: Win32, FPC2.7.1, Virusscanner Avira Free Antivirus

The compiled program is assumed to be a virus.

Name:TR/Crypt.XPACK.Gen2 (according to Avira, shall be a trojan)

Compile line: 
ppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600-gclt -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM


With the external linker ( -Xe ) the program is not a virus and works.

Shall I make a bug report from that? I think I can not produce a small 
test program, the problem occurs only with one program, others do compile 
without problem.


IMHO, should be reported to the AV manufacturer.

btw, if you strip debug info, is it still reported? Because Kaspersky 
had/has that problem. And several other AV seems to get signatures from 
the same source.



On report they updated their signatures. Apparently whitelisted. The 
reported exe, now is fine. A byte by byte identical exe, with the 
exception of one single digit, in a textual date string differing, is 
still reported.

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be internallinker problem)

[Gerhard Scholz]

I switched to AVAST free Antivirus now, the problem does not occur here.

This is not a pascal question, but maybe can give me a hint if AVAST is good
or which software is more recommendable.
(I do not really trust the tests I find in the internet because I do not 
know

who pays them)

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Gerhard Scholz g...@g--s.de

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Monday, February 11, 2013 11:07 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be
internallinker problem)



@Martin:

Compile line: ppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600 -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM
(dropping the -gclt) helped.

It seems you were right.

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Martin laza...@mfriebe.de

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Monday, February 11, 2013 10:08 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Compiled program is a virus (seems to be
internallinker problem)



On 11/02/2013 20:22, Gerhard Scholz wrote:

Platform: Win32, FPC2.7.1, Virusscanner Avira Free Antivirus

The compiled program is assumed to be a virus.

Name:TR/Crypt.XPACK.Gen2 (according to Avira, shall be a trojan)

Compile line:
ppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600-gclt -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM

With the external linker ( -Xe ) the program is not a virus and works.

Shall I make a bug report from that? I think I can not produce a small
test program, the problem occurs only with one program, others do
compile without problem.


IMHO, should be reported to the AV manufacturer.

btw, if you strip debug info, is it still reported? Because Kaspersky
had/has that problem. And several other AV seems to get signatures from
the same source.


On report they updated their signatures. Apparently whitelisted. The
reported exe, now is fine. A byte by byte identical exe, with the
exception of one single digit, in a textual date string differing, is
still reported.
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[fpc-pascal] Re: [fpc-announce] Feature announcement: Type helpers

[Gerhard Scholz]

Hello,

I tried to compile the example:

type
  TLongIntHelper = type helper for LongInt
class procedure Test; static;
  end;

class procedure TLongIntHelper.Test;
begin
  Writeln('Test');
end;

var
  i: LongInt;
begin
  i.Test;
  $12345678.Test;
  LongInt.Test;
end.

Result:

0:25:46,51 
G:\ob\syncdirsppc386 -vv -al -CioOrt -Cs600  -gclt -Mobjfpc -O1 -OpPENTIUM 
-Fuu:\ -FuM:\u -FuC:\c\-u -FiC:\c\-u -Fuz:\-u -Fiz:\-u -FuP:\gs\tp55\includes 
-Fuf:\-u -Fiu:\ -FiM:\u -FiP:\gs\tp55\includes -Fif:\-u -FE. 
thelper

thelper.pas(2,33) Error: Identifier not found helper
thelper.pas(2,33) Error: Error in type definition
thelper.pas(2,33) Error: Can't create unique type from this type
thelper.pas(2,33) Fatal: Syntax error, ; expected but FOR found
Fatal: Compilation aborted

The compiler is freshly generated from the SVN

Does the compiler expect special options to invoke the record helper 
feature?


Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Sven Barth pascaldra...@googlemail.com

To: fpc-annou...@lists.freepascal.org
Cc: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org; FPC developers' list 
fpc-de...@lists.freepascal.org

Sent: Wednesday, February 06, 2013 10:49 AM
Subject: [fpc-announce] Feature announcement: Type helpers



Hello Free Pascal community!

I'm pleased to announce the addition of type helpers which extend the 
existing helper concept with the ability to extend primitive types.


Motivation:

With class and record helpers the possibility was created to extend 
classes and records with types without subclassing the type (which 
wouldn't be possible with records anyway). This allows to add e.g. methods 
to types in units that you can't influence or where you can't influence 
with type is instantiated (e.g. the TStrings descendant used in TMemo). 
Now it is logical to extend this also to other types supported by Pascal, 
but here more driven by the possibility to group methods together and have 
them appear to belong to the primitive type.


While this does not bring the concepts of boxing of managed 
languages/environments like Java and .NET to Pascal it does nevertheless 
look this way.


Syntax:

The declaration of type helpers looks as follows:

TYPENAME = type helper[(BASEHELPER)] for EXTENDEDTYPE
  DECLARATIONS
end;

Like class and record helpers they support all visibility sections and you 
can define methods, properties and constructors. Inside methods declared 
in the helper Self will be of the extended type's type and it's value 
can also be changed.

Similar to record helpers class methods MUST be declared as static.

Usage:

A type helper is active if it is in scope. This means it must either have 
been declared in the same unit before the code which wants to use the 
helper or it needs to be declared in a used unit. As with class and type 
helpers only one helper for a given type can be active and thus you need 
to keep in mind the scoping rules when using helpers (e.g. the current 
unit is searched in the order implementation section then interface 
section (if the code is in the implementation section) and then the used 
units are searched from right to left and each unit from top to bottom).


In some cases the meaning of a type depends on the compiler settings the 
helper is compiled with. E.g. the type Integer is either a ShortInt or a 
LongInt depending on the current mode (fpc/tp vs. objfpc/delphi) and the 
type String is different depending on the switches {$H+/-} and 
{$modeswitch unicodestring}. This needs to be kept in mind when working 
with these generic types. Another special case is the type Extended on 
platforms that don't support that type (and thus it will be defined as 
Double).
Additionally a type declared as NewType = type OldType is considered a 
completly independant type as it is the case with e.g. operator overloads 
as well.


If a helper for the type is in scope you can simply invoke it's methods or 
properties like you'd do on classes or records. Let's suppose we have a 
helper with method ToString: String for the type LongInt in scope then 
it will look like this:


=== example begin ===

var
  i: LongInt;
begin
   Writeln(i.ToString);
end.

=== example end ===

Additionally to invoking type helpers on variables they can also be used 
on constants though special care needs to be taken that the correct type 
is used. E.g. the constant 200 will be handled as a Byte whereas 20 
will be handled as SmallInt. Also the type of string constants depends 
on the current mode switch (especially {$H+/-} and {$modeswitch 
unicodestring}) and also the content of the string. E.g. in case of 
{$mode objfpc}{$H+} a string containing unicode characters will be 
handled as a UnicodeString constant and thus only helpers for 
UnicodeString will apply.


For the following example let's assume the helper from the previous 
example is in scope again:


=== example begin ===

begin
  Writeln($12345678.ToString);
end.

=== example end ===

Additionally addresses (e.g. @i) (type: Pointer) 

Re: [fpc-pascal] Linker Error: what does this mean?

[Gerhard Scholz]

Sorry, I forgot how to file a bug report. Either somebody explains me,
please, or uses this information:

I created a smaller test program which produces the same error.

The test files can be found here:
http://mewal.com/test.zip (161 kB) or
http://mewal.com/test.7z (21 kB)

If someone wants to have it, of course I can also mail the files.

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Tomas Hajny xhaj...@hajny.biz

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Thursday, January 24, 2013 9:32 AM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Linker Error: what does this mean?



On Wed, January 23, 2013 23:56, Gerhard Scholz wrote:

Hello,


thanks for the hint with the -Xe parameter (the external linker is damned
slow!), now it compiles.

.
I'm glad that the external linker helped. Indeed, slowness of the external
linker is one of reasons for using the internal one by default. If the
external and internal linkers behave differently here, it would be the
best to file a bug report so that the internal linker may get fixed.
However, it is necessary to include a (reference to) source code allowing
reproduction of the issue.

Tomas
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Linker Error: what does this mean?

[Gerhard Scholz]

Hello,

thanks for the hint with the -Xe parameter (the external linker is damned 
slow!), now it compiles.


The difference in the object file size seems to be the different amount of 
stored debug information; the declared structures have the same size 
(SIZEOF(...) is the same.


Thanks for the help.

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Tomas Hajny xhaj...@hajny.biz

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Wednesday, January 23, 2013 1:00 AM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Linker Error: what does this mean?



On 23 Jan 13, at 0:01, Gerhard Scholz wrote:


The files are completed compiled with FPC, no renaming of VPascal object
files.

The only explanation I have that it must have to do with the size of the
file; the .o has 8 MB and just defines some CONST and VAR structures, no
code.


Assuming (again ;-) - you haven't provided such information) that you
refer to the Win32 platform - could you disable internal linking (add
-Xe parameter)?



Interesting (maybe):
the .O which ppc386 made has 8.380.376 bytes,
the .OBJ made by vp has 7.002.097 bytes.


This difference in size could be due to different alignment rules.
Again, judging what goes wrong is difficult without being able to
reproduce it...

Tomas

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[fpc-pascal] Linker Error: what does this mean?

[Gerhard Scholz]

Question: what's the reason for this error?

Linking .\read.exe
Error: Failed reading coff file, illegal reloctype $ while reading 
.\U_UNIDAT


The program compiles wonderfully with VirtualPascal; I wanted to recompile 
it with FPC.


Gerhard 


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Re: [fpc-pascal] printing each Friday the 13 using Pascal

[Gerhard Scholz]

a quick and dirty solution


- Original Message - 
From: ik
To: FPC-Pascal users discussions
Sent: Monday, August 06, 2012 1:19 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] printing each Friday the 13 using Pascal


Hi list,

A friend of mine started a hobby project:
Printing every Friday the 13, in a range of 5 years.

I lack of the time for doing it at the moment, and I wish to add to his
github also Pascal (and show how much simpler it is then C) implementation.
Is there anyone here that might be interested in this ?

Ido




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Friday13.pas
Description: Binary data
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Creating video files

[Gerhard Scholz]

VirtualDub(Mod) accepts as input a series of BMP 
(name000.bmp,name001.bmp,name002.bmp,...)


You can give it a script file for execution. The best is to do it by hand 
once and save the script, then you know what your program must generate.



- Original Message - 
From: Krzysztof dib...@wp.pl

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Wednesday, June 20, 2012 7:22 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Creating video files


Ffmpeg looks similar like Mencoder project. So I have some solutions
for output encoding, but there is a problem how to send frames to this
encoders. Mencoder can encode video from series of PNG files, but
can't find similar option in ffmpeg. Anyone know something about RAW
video format? It seems that this is some standard and most of players
/ encoders can handle it. I could use it as input for ffmpeg/mencoder
but need some bindings / tips for FPC

2012/6/20 Flávio Etrusco flavio.etru...@gmail.com:

Apart from _the_ multi-platform commandline video converter, ffmpeg?
http://ffmpeg.org/
It's the back-end for WinFF (and most other utilities like these).
Also, I would expect VirtualDub to run fine with WINE.

-Flávio

On Wed, Jun 20, 2012 at 11:00 AM, Krzysztof dib...@wp.pl wrote:

Hmm, external application is nice idea. But VirtualDub is windows
only. Anyone know multi-platform comandline video converter? What I
found is Mencoder. I must test it

2012/6/20 Gerhard Scholz g...@g--s.de:
In my opinion, the easiest way is to create a series of BMP's and then 
use

VirtualDub or VirtualDubMod (I think it's at Sourceforge).

Greetings

- Original Message -
From: Krzysztof dib...@wp.pl
To: fpc-pascal fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Tuesday, June 19, 2012 3:53 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Creating video files



Hi,

I would like to write video (created from series of bitmaps) to some
popular video formats like avi, flv. Is this possible? Has FPC
bindings for video librarys?
I googled that WinFF (http://winff.org/html_new/) is written in FPC
and Lazarus, so I supose that some bindings exists but can't find any
in http://wiki.freepascal.org/Multimedia_Programming

Regards.
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Re: [fpc-pascal] Creating video files

[Gerhard Scholz]

In my opinion, the easiest way is to create a series of BMP's and then use
VirtualDub or VirtualDubMod (I think it's at Sourceforge).

Greetings

- Original Message - 
From: Krzysztof dib...@wp.pl
To: fpc-pascal fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Tuesday, June 19, 2012 3:53 PM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Creating video files


 Hi,

 I would like to write video (created from series of bitmaps) to some
 popular video formats like avi, flv. Is this possible? Has FPC
 bindings for video librarys?
 I googled that WinFF (http://winff.org/html_new/) is written in FPC
 and Lazarus, so I supose that some bindings exists but can't find any
 in http://wiki.freepascal.org/Multimedia_Programming

 Regards.
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Re: [fpc-pascal] 2.4.0: Some lines are not compiled (just thrown away)

[Gerhard Scholz]

Thanks.

I tried to report via the bugs page at freepascal.org, but I didn't find the 
link to enter a fresh bug; maybe I just didn't see it.


Gerhard

- Original Message - 
From: Jonas Maebe jonas.ma...@elis.ugent.be

To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Friday, February 12, 2010 7:13 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] 2.4.0: Some lines are not compiled (just thrown 
away)




On 24 Jan 2010, at 21:10, Gerhard Scholz wrote:


Some lines are ignored.

An IF-clause is ignored.

Versin 2.2.4 runs o.k.


Fixed. Please report bugs at http://bugs.freepascal.org in the future so 
they can't be forgotten.



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[fpc-pascal] 2.4.0: Some lines are not compiled (just thrown away)

[Gerhard Scholz]

Some lines are ignored.

An IF-clause is ignored.

Versin 2.2.4 runs o.k.

The program:

program rangtest ;

 type
   trange = 0..2030 ;
   ytrange = 1990..2030 ;

 CONST
   lrange =   low ( trange ) ;
   hrange =  high ( trange ) ;
   ylrange =  low ( ytrange ) ;
   yhrange = high ( ytrange ) ;

 var
   bbb : trange ;
   kkk : longint ;
   xyzzy : array [ ytrange, 1..100 ] of
 record
   xyzp : longint ;
   xyzb : boolean ;
  end ;

 begin   (*$r+,s+,o+*)
   bbb := 0 ;
   kkk := 1 ;
   IF ( bbb = ylrange )   //  this IFstatement can not be 
found in the assembler file
  AND ( bbb = yhrange ) //  and the program stops with range 
error

 THEN begin //
   WITH xyzzy[bbb,kkk] DO
 BEGIN
   xyzp := 2 ;
   xyzb := True ;
  END ;
  end
 else writeln ( 'out' ) ;
  end.

OS: WinXP

Output of the compiler:

Free Pascal Compiler version 2.4.0 [2009/12/18] for i386
Copyright (c) 1993-2009 by Florian Klaempfl
Note: Switching assembler to default source writing assembler
Target OS: Win32 for i386
Compiling rangtest.pas
rangtest.pas(34,12) Warning: unreachable code
rangtest.pas(16,5) Note: Local variable xyzzy is assigned but never used
Assembling rangtest
Linking .\rangtest.exe
35 lines compiled, 0.1 sec , 35952 bytes code, 1728 bytes data
1 warning(s) issued
2 note(s) issued
   1 Datei(en) kopiert.
   1 Datei(en) kopiert.

the assembler file (only the part from BEGIN to WITH)

# [rangtest.pas]
# [22] begin   (*$r+,s+,o+*)
call FPC_INITIALIZEUNITS
# Register eax,ecx,edx released
# Register ax allocated
.stabn 68,0,22,.Ll2 - _main
.Ll2:
movw $0,%ax
# Register eax allocated
movl $0,%eax
# Register eax released
# Register dx allocated
.stabn 68,0,23,.Ll3 - _main
.Ll3:
# [23] bbb := 0 ;
movw $0,%dx
# Register ecx allocated
.stabn 68,0,24,.Ll4 - _main
.Ll4:
# [24] kkk := 1 ;
movl $1,%ecx
# Register eax allocated
.stabn 68,0,28,.Ll5 - _main

##
## Here should be some result of the IF ! the 2.2.4 version does not 
drop these lines

##

.Ll5:
# [28] WITH xyzzy[bbb,kkk] DO
movzwl %dx,%eax
subl $1990,%eax
cmpl $40,%eax
# Register eax released
jbe .Lj9
call FPC_RANGEERROR
.Lj9:

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Origin of FPC features

[Gerhard Scholz]

Bitpacked Structures:

The first time I've seen bitpacked structures (arrays  records) was on the 
pascal compiler for Control Data machines, about 1980.

If I remember right, it was the original ETH Zürich compiler, made by someone 
of the Wirth staff.

( the keyword BITPACKED was not used, it was done by PACKED)

GPC also has bitpacked stuctures.

Greetings

Gerhard
  - Original Message - 
  From: leledumbo 
  To: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org 
  Sent: Tuesday, February 10, 2009 5:56 AM
  Subject: [fpc-pascal] Origin of FPC features


  I'm writing a paper about FPC and I need references where each language 
feature comes from. So far, these are my what I know (some are guessing 
though): 

Feature Original Dialect Additional Information 
Separate compilation UCSD Pascal Unit based, not module (like Extended 
Pascal) 
Primitive OOP Turbo Pascal C++ like 
Modern OOP (including exceptions) Delphi Java like, though FPC was born 
before Java ;-) 
Assembler integration UCSD? Turbo? ATT and Intel 
External references UCSD? Turbo? - 
Operator overloading Pascal-XSC - 
Function / Procedure overloading Delphi - 
Dynamic arrays Delphi - 
Variants Delphi - 
Arrays as parameter enhancements Delphi Open arrays, partial arrays 
Bitpacked Structures Native FPC - 
Generics Native FPC - 
Thread Programming Native FPC? Delphi? Bringing threads to language 
level 

  In case I miss something that you know, please add. Note that these features 
are related with language construct, not technical one (i.e. compiling speed, 
makefiles). 

--
  View this message in context: Origin of FPC features
  Sent from the Free Pascal - General mailing list archive at Nabble.com.



--


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Re: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication and one asm questio

[Gerhard Scholz]

For learning some basics of assembler you should download the NASM, it is
bundled with a documentation; more documentation should be found at the intel
sides. Or e.g. try http://www.agner.org/assem

But keep in mind that the exact syntax differs from assembler to assembler.

Also a good idea is to compile (little) pascal programs and look at the
generated code (compile with the option -al)

A general assembler tutorial here would overflow this mail list.

Gerhard

-Ursprüngliche Nachricht- 
Von: Pianoman [EMAIL PROTECTED]
An: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Gesendet: Dienstag, 2. August 2005 17:22
Betreff: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication and one asm questio


 Hi, the UI32x32To64 function is great but is amazingly short. How can I
 Specify which varriables in function will be accessed. In this function for
 example it accesses a and b but source says mull (I don't know why not mul I
 didnt find mull instruction in any assembly book) and %eax why mull %eax
 multiplies a,b is it on the stack or why? If i would like to multiply a,b,c
 what would look source code then? Thanx for response to those  quite stupid
 assembly question(I am only beginner in asm :)
 Pianoman
 - Original Message -
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 To: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
 Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2005 12:00 PM
 Subject: fpc-pascal Digest, Vol 12, Issue 2


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 Today's Topics:

1. Re:  lazarus crash at start (Jesus Reyes)
2. Re:  fast integer multiplication (Gerhard Scholz)
3.  Can a program find out how it was started?
   ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
4. Re:  Can a program find out how it was started? (Moz)


 --

 Message: 1
 Date: Mon, 1 Aug 2005 11:21:10 -0500 (CDT)
 From: Jesus Reyes [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] lazarus crash at start
 To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
 Message-ID: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1


  --- Peter Vreman [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió:

  At 01:12 1-8-2005, you wrote:
  Trying to find why lazarus crashes at start in win98 I found a
  courious
  problem, global variable IsConsole is true when it should be false
  as
  lazarus is built as a gui application.
  
  Digging I found that IsConsole is set in two functions in
  wprt0.as:
  _mainCRTStartup sets to true and _WinMainCRTStartup sets to False,
  this
  cause a wrong setup of standard Output that DebugLn (lclprocs.pas)
  use to
  emit debug messages.
  
  It seems that this functions are 'used' in the linker script, for
  example
  ld .--verbose shows that by default a ENTRY(_mainCRTStartup) it's
  used. I
  looked into the generated lazarus link.res file and didn't find a
  ENTRY
  section so I guess it uses the default and that's why even when
  lazarus is
  a gui app, it's linked as a console app.
  
  To demostrate this I modified the link.res script to inculde
  ENTRY(_WinMainCRTStartup) section and then linked, the resulting
  lazarus.exe file now behaves as a gui app and won't crash at
  start.
  
  It seems that WriteResponseFile lacks the code to add the ENTRY
  section to
  the link.res script but I don't know if it's supposed to be there
  or
  should it be in another stage, any comments?
 
  You need to use {$apptype gui} or use the -WG parameter. For the
  compiler
  it is not known if the application needs a console or not.
 
 
  Peter
 

 Lazarus is already compiled with -WG

 Jesus Reyes A.


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 Message: 2
 Date: Mon, 1 Aug 2005 23:58:04 +0200
 From: Gerhard Scholz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication
 To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
 Message-ID: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1

 ...
 The code generated for the above sample is:
 # [16] c:=a*b;
 movlU_P$PROJECT1_A,%edx
 movlU_P$PROJECT1_B,%eax
 mull%edx
 movl$0,%edx
 movl%eax,U_P$PROJECT1_C
 movl%edx,U_P$PROJECT1_C+4
 
 What I want is the above code, but without the movl $0,%edx
 instruction. Is there a way to do this (wihtout using fpc_mul_qword).
 
 
  Only assembler for now. Any suggestions how the compiler could be told
  to generate such code?
 ...
 function UI32x32To64(A,B: Longword): QWord

Re: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication

[Gerhard Scholz]

...
The code generated for the above sample is:
# [16] c:=a*b;
movlU_P$PROJECT1_A,%edx
movlU_P$PROJECT1_B,%eax
mull%edx
movl$0,%edx
movl%eax,U_P$PROJECT1_C
movl%edx,U_P$PROJECT1_C+4

What I want is the above code, but without the movl $0,%edx
instruction. Is there a way to do this (wihtout using fpc_mul_qword).


 Only assembler for now. Any suggestions how the compiler could be told
 to generate such code?
...
function UI32x32To64(A,B: Longword): QWord;
assembler; register; nostackframe;
asm
mull %edx
end;

It is fast but certainly much less than if it were inlined.

My suggestion would be:

  FUNCTION lmul ( CONST a,
b : LongInt ) : int64 ; inline ;

BEGIN
{$ifdef cpu86}
  ASM
movla,%eax
imull   b
movl%eax,lmul
movl%edx,lmul+4
   END ;
{$else}
{$ifdef cpu68k}
  lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ;
{$else}
{$ifdef cpusparc}
  lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ;
{$else}
{$ifdef cpualpha}
  lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ;
{$else}
{$ifdef cpupowerpc}
  lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ;
{$else}
  lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ;
{$endif}
{$endif}
{$endif}
{$endif}
{$endif}
 END ;

and similar for unsigned mul.

(shortened here; full code in ulmul.pas; liitle test in tmuls.pas, timing
routines in
wtimer/tdrsc1)

Is portable so code doesn't need to be rewritten when compiled for other
processors (but not optimal then)

Tested only on i386.

Seems to be faster than standard multiplication (interesting: significantly
faster for signed mul than for unsigned mul), can be assembly-coded in the
branches for the other cpus
(if there are opcodes for such a multiplication - I don't know), could go to
unit math.pp.

It seems that routines which contain assembler are not inlined; on the day
somebody finds a trick to inline such code they should be really fast.

Gerhard


ULMUL.pas
Description: Binary data


tmuls.pas
Description: Binary data


WTIMER.pas
Description: Binary data


TDRSC1.pas
Description: Binary data
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Re: [fpc-pascal] showing source linenumbers on exceptions

[Gerhard Scholz]

Hi,

compilation with the parameter -gl should do your job:

   ppc386 -gl myprogram

(if your compiler name is ppc386, else insert your name instead

Gerhard

-Ursprüngliche Nachricht- 
Von: Bartek [EMAIL PROTECTED]
An: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Gesendet: Montag, 27. Juni 2005 22:51
Betreff: [fpc-pascal] showing source linenumbers on exceptions


 hi,

 how can i show source line numbers, when an exception occurs, like
 sysutils do?
 ...
 An unhandled exception occurred at $0040E9B5 :
 EInOutError : Invalid filename
   $0040E9B5  TDXF__LOAD,  line 271 of dxffile.pas
   $0040EFFA  TDXF__CREATE,  line 329 of dxffile.pas
   $0040F24A  TPAPER__CREATE,  line 48 of dxfpaper.pas
   $00401459  INIT_OBJECTS,  line 63 of e:/_development/work/dxf2mcr.pas
   $00401529  INITPROC,  line 87 of e:/_development/work/dxf2mcr.pas
   $00401F1F  INIT_FRAMEWORK,  line 107 of
 E:/_development/units/uframe_sdlogl.pas
 ...

 the only thing i found is the ShowExeption proc. but this does not write
 what i expected.
 ...
 exception at 0040EA45:
   Invalid filename.
 ...

 is there a possibility to do this on my own?
 if found the proc:
 ...
 Procedure CatchUnhandledException (Obj : TObject; Addr: Pointer;
 FrameCount: Longint; Frames:
 PPointer);[public,alias:'FPC_BREAK_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION'];
 ...
 but i don't how to set FrameCount and Frames.

 thanks in advance
 bartek

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Re: [fpc-pascal] Optimize code for speed

[Gerhard Scholz]

I don't know why my email has been destroyed a bit (my assumption is that
this is done by the list manager program).

Example 2 should have looked as this (now in one line):

2: begin   StrList3.add (do.something);   end

Why everything after .add did vanish I don't know.

- Original Message -
From: Gerhard Scholz [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Friday, June 10, 2005 12:46 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Optimize code for speed


 - Original Message -
 From: L505 [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
 Sent: Friday, June 10, 2005 10:18 AM
 Subject: [fpc-pascal] Optimize code for speed

 ...
  1.  begin
 M  yString=Do.Something
 StrList3.add(MyString);
   end
 
  2.   begin
   StrList3.add
   end
 
 I assume you mean:

 1:   begin
 M yString=Do.Something
 StrList3.add(MyString);
   end

 2: begin
 S   trList3.add
   end

...



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Re: [fpc-pascal] Optimize code for speed

[Gerhard Scholz]

- Original Message -
From: L505 [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: FPC-Pascal users discussions fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Friday, June 10, 2005 10:18 AM
Subject: [fpc-pascal] Optimize code for speed

...
 1.  begin
M  yString=Do.Something
StrList3.add(MyString);
  end

 2.   begin
  StrList3.add
  end

I assume you mean:

1:   begin
M yString=Do.Something
StrList3.add(MyString);
  end

2: begin
StrList3.add (do.something);
  end

The waste of one little variable is not so important since when you leave
that procedure the local variables vanish. Version 2 should be a little bit
faster.

  If you KNOW the string is going to be short, is shortstring and better,
or is
  ansistring better?

Generally shortstring should be faster. But if you have both shortstrings
and ansistrings in your program: every conversion (e.g. by assignment) from
one to the other costs a lot. So, when you are forced to have some
ansistrings, normally it's the best to use only ansistrings.

  If you KNOW the integer is going to be short, is it better to specify a
ShortInt?

Depends on the machine: in i386-code longints (int32) seem to be preferred:
better handled by the compiler, and faster executed (should be at least on
pentium). On older 386 integer and shortint was better. On other processors
I don't know.

But if you have to keep a lot of data (e.g. array [ 1..100 ] of
an_integer_type), then space considerations might be more important than
speed.

I myself like the range constructs, e.g. var j : 1..23, when I know the
variable cannot senseful be outside that range. So debugging is done by the
program itself (with $R+,O+)

  Is the default compiler setting regular strings, or ansistrings?

(If I understand the compiler source correctly) in delphi mode: ansistrings,
otherwise: normal strings

  Is a boolean faster than an integer who you just set as 0 and 1?

Should be the same: a boolean is an ENUM with the values ( FALSE, TRUE )
which map to the values 0 and 1

as far as I remember that was the original definition: type boolean =
 false, true ) ;

To check what is better (e.g. your example above), you should produce a
little test program containing both of your versions and compile it with the
option -al to get the assembler source. Look at that source. That version
which produces less code normally should also be the faster one.

Gerhard


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Re: [fpc-pascal] Past list archives

[Gerhard Scholz]

Sorry,

that list mentioned below:

http://www.freepascal.org/mailist.html

is dead.

(Objekt nicht gefunden! Der angeforderte URL konnte auf dem Server nicht
gefunden werden.)

Greetings

Gerhard

- Original Message -
From: Jonas Maebe [EMAIL PROTECTED]
To: Mike's Mail [EMAIL PROTECTED]; FPC-Pascal users discussions
fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org
Sent: Sunday, May 29, 2005 2:38 PM
Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Past list archives



 On 25 May 2005, at 14:47, Mike's Mail wrote:

  Is there an active link for the archives that works, or who would I
  contact to report the link, so it may be fixed?

 Yes, working links can be found on http://www.freepascal.org/
 maillist.html


 Jonas

 PS: please turn off html posting in your mail client, it causes your
 posts to be held for approval (because the rule that stops such mails
 it also stops all viruses I know of)


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