Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t, mbr
On Fri, 21 Jun 2013, Genre Roger wrote: When I refer to gpart(8) manpage (9.1 release, updated jan 25,2013), I find the description of partition types a bit confusing. Considering the case of a MoBo with old way Bios (non UEFI), the only scheme allowed to get a bootable system is MBR. (Note that after booting, your OS is able to manage gpt-scheme on different providers.) Sorry, I don't understand. GPT boots fine on a BIOS system. I'm using it on several systems. Then, if you speak bsd-ish, you are able to add on the MBR-scheme provider up to 4 freebsd-type slices, each of them containing up to 8 partitions with a BSD filesystem (or swap space). Yes. This is a partitions-inside-a-slice configuration, used for quite a while because it provides more partitions than MBR's four, and also because it allows a standard PC to multi-boot from any of the four MBR slices. Technically, it's a hack. It's complex and shows that both partitioning schemes (MBR and bsdlabel) have weaknesses. Or, if you speak msdos-ish, you would be able to add on the MBR provider up to 4 msdos-type partitions (or 3 + 1 extended ), each of them containing one filesystem. The manpage does'nt list explicitly the type for this second case; Oliver try to use mbr, decribed as A partition that is sub-partitioned by a Master Boot Record (MBR). This type is known as !024dee41-33e7-11d3-9d69-0008c781f39f by GPT.. Such definition is'nt very explicit. In general, it's rare to find a FreeBSD system that uses MBR slices directly because there are only four. But it can be done by combining one or more of the standard filesystems and not subdividing the slices: ada0s1: freebsd (/, /var, /tmp, and /usr combined into a single / filesystem) ada0s2: swap That would leave s3 and s4 available for other uses. Let me show the example below on my provider ada0 : $ gpart show = 63 976773105 ada0 MBR (465G) 63 136314864 1 freebsd [active] (65G) 136314927 840458241- free - (400G) =0 136314864 ada0s1 BSD (65G) 08388608 1 freebsd-ufs (4.0G) 8388608 16777216 2 freebsd-swap (8.0G) 25165824 16777216 4 freebsd-ufs (8.0G) 419430408388608 5 freebsd-ufs (4.0G) 50331648 85983215 6 freebsd-ufs (41G) 136314863 1 - free - (512B) $ sudo gpart add -t mbr -i 2 -s 8G ada0 Password: gpart: Invalid argument MBR is not a type of partition, it is a partitioning method or scheme as the gpart man page calls them. The partitioning scheme is dictated by the type of system. Standard x86 computers are only going to be able to use MBR or GPT. $ sudo gpart add -t \!12 -i 2 -s 8G ada0 ada0s2 added \!12 is just an MS-DOS partition (FAT32 with LBA). $ sudo newfs_msdos ada0s2 /dev/ada0s2: 16773056 sectors in 262079 FAT32 clusters (32768 bytes/cluster) BytesPerSec=512 SecPerClust=64 ResSectors=32 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 SecPerTrack=63 Heads=16 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=16777215 FATsecs=2048 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2 $ sudo gpart add -t freebsd -i 3 -s 8G ada0 ada0s3 added $ gpart show ada0 = 63 976773105 ada0 MBR (465G) 63 136314864 1 freebsd [active] (65G) 136314927 16777215 2 !12 (8G) 153092142 16777215 3 freebsd (8G) 169869357 806903811- free - (384G) $ sudo newfs_msdos ada0s3 /dev/ada0s3: 16773056 sectors in 262079 FAT32 clusters (32768 bytes/cluster) BytesPerSec=512 SecPerClust=64 ResSectors=32 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 SecPerTrack=63 Heads=16 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=16777215 FATsecs=2048 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2 $ this example show that, if you want a msdos or fat32 partition, both the type \!12 or freebsd allows you to create a partition where you could install a msdos filesystem (but the mbr does not). It shows that MBR is a partitioning scheme, not a partition type. It also demonstrates that newfs_msdos does not check the partition type of the partition on which it is creating a filesystem. Neither does newfs. That is appropriate behavior. The partition type is so that bootcode and other software that deals with partitions does not have to guess what is on a particular partition, but has it identified explicitly. Such behaviour is not surprising, (using freebsd-type to format as msdos means you don't use the space allowed for labeling); I don't understand what you are saying there. Offhand, I can't think of any reason to misidentify a partition intentionally. but what is really the purpose of the listed mbr-type in the gpart(8) manpage? MBR is a partitioning scheme, comparable to GPT but more limited. APM is a partitioning scheme for PPC Macs, VTOC8 is a partitioning scheme for Sparc. The partitioning scheme determines which types of partitions are allowed. For MBR, there are lots of partition types for variations for MS-DOS (including type 12), one (really) for NTFS,
Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t, mbr
Hi, When I refer to gpart(8) manpage (9.1 release, updated jan 25,2013), I find the description of partition types a bit confusing. Considering the case of a MoBo with old way Bios (non UEFI), the only scheme allowed to get a bootable system is MBR. (Note that after booting, your OS is able to manage gpt-scheme on different providers.) Then, if you speak bsd-ish, you are able to add on the MBR-scheme provider up to 4 freebsd-type slices, each of them containing up to 8 partitions with a BSD filesystem (or swap space). Or, if you speak msdos-ish, you would be able to add on the MBR provider up to 4 msdos-type partitions (or 3 + 1 extended ), each of them containing one filesystem. The manpage does'nt list explicitly the type for this second case; Oliver try to use mbr, decribed as A partition that is sub-partitioned by a Master Boot Record (MBR). This type is known as !024dee41-33e7-11d3-9d69-0008c781f39f by GPT.. Such definition is'nt very explicit. Let me show the example below on my provider ada0 : $ gpart show = 63 976773105 ada0 MBR (465G) 63 136314864 1 freebsd [active] (65G) 136314927 840458241- free - (400G) =0 136314864 ada0s1 BSD (65G) 08388608 1 freebsd-ufs (4.0G) 8388608 16777216 2 freebsd-swap (8.0G) 25165824 16777216 4 freebsd-ufs (8.0G) 419430408388608 5 freebsd-ufs (4.0G) 50331648 85983215 6 freebsd-ufs (41G) 136314863 1 - free - (512B) $ sudo gpart add -t mbr -i 2 -s 8G ada0 Password: gpart: Invalid argument $ sudo gpart add -t \!12 -i 2 -s 8G ada0 ada0s2 added $ $ sudo newfs_msdos ada0s2 /dev/ada0s2: 16773056 sectors in 262079 FAT32 clusters (32768 bytes/cluster) BytesPerSec=512 SecPerClust=64 ResSectors=32 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 SecPerTrack=63 Heads=16 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=16777215 FATsecs=2048 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2 $ sudo gpart add -t freebsd -i 3 -s 8G ada0 ada0s3 added $ gpart show ada0 = 63 976773105 ada0 MBR (465G) 63 136314864 1 freebsd [active] (65G) 136314927 16777215 2 !12 (8G) 153092142 16777215 3 freebsd (8G) 169869357 806903811- free - (384G) $ sudo newfs_msdos ada0s3 /dev/ada0s3: 16773056 sectors in 262079 FAT32 clusters (32768 bytes/cluster) BytesPerSec=512 SecPerClust=64 ResSectors=32 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 SecPerTrack=63 Heads=16 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=16777215 FATsecs=2048 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2 $ this example show that, if you want a msdos or fat32 partition, both the type \!12 or freebsd allows you to create a partition where you could install a msdos filesystem (but the mbr does not). Such behaviour is not surprising, (using freebsd-type to format as msdos means you don't use the space allowed for labeling); but what is really the purpose of the listed mbr-type in the gpart(8) manpage? Cheers Roger ___ freebsd-current@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-current-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t, mbr
On Fri, Jun 21, 2013 at 8:08 AM, Genre Roger genre.ro...@orange.fr wrote: Hi, When I refer to gpart(8) manpage (9.1 release, updated jan 25,2013), I find the description of partition types a bit confusing. Considering the case of a MoBo with old way Bios (non UEFI), the only scheme allowed to get a bootable system is MBR. (Note that after booting, your OS is able to manage gpt-scheme on different providers.) You can boot off GPT partitions using the PMBR bootcode (gpart -b /boot/pmbr ada0) on just about any system. I was booting my P4 running FreeBSD 8.something off a GPT-partitioned USB stick for over a year (maybe 2?) before converting it to PC-BSD 9.1 booting off a ZFS dual-mirror pool (also using GPT partitioned disks). Can't speak to the rest of your post. I only use gpart for GPT partitioned disks, and use fdisk/bsdlabel for non-GPT partitioned disks. -- Freddie Cash fjwc...@gmail.com ___ freebsd-current@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-current-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t, mbr
Hi, You're right on the ability to boot off a gpt partition, with a non-uefi bios. Sorry for the noise concerning that point. Cheers Roger ___ freebsd-current@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-current-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t mbr
On Tue, 18 Jun 2013, O. Hartmann wrote: Having a 1TB disk with a MBR partition layout created successfully with gpart create -s MBR ada4, which is shown as Geom name: ada4 modified: false state: OK fwheads: 16 fwsectors: 63 last: 1953525167 first: 63 entries: 4 scheme: MBR Consumers: 1. Name: ada4 Mediasize: 1000204886016 (931G) Sectorsize: 512 Mode: r0w0e0 it is impossible for me to create a partition with gpart add -t mbr ada4 as it can be read in the manpage of gpart. I can't find that in 9-stable or -head. If it's a literal example, please point it out and I'll fix it. Whatever I do, I receive a useless error from gpart gpart: Invalid argument with no further information. In kernel, I already added GEOM_MBR. geom_part_mbr and geom_part_ldm kernel modules are then already loaded. I tried to figure out what's going wrong but this seems highly enigmatic. What am I doing wrong? mbr is partitioning scheme, not a partition type. Common MBR partition types that gpart knows by name are freebsd, freebsd-ufs, freebsd-zfs, ntfs, no doubt lots of others but offhand I don't know where to get the whole list. Examples shown here (MBR in the second half): http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html Numbers can also be used for partition types by prefixing them with an exclamation point, but that must be escaped to keep the shell from interpreting it: gpart add -t \!12 -s1G ada0 That would add a FAT32X/LBA partition. There's a list of values here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_type ___ freebsd-current@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-current-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t mbr
Having a 1TB disk with a MBR partition layout created successfully with gpart create -s MBR ada4, which is shown as Geom name: ada4 modified: false state: OK fwheads: 16 fwsectors: 63 last: 1953525167 first: 63 entries: 4 scheme: MBR Consumers: 1. Name: ada4 Mediasize: 1000204886016 (931G) Sectorsize: 512 Mode: r0w0e0 it is impossible for me to create a partition with gpart add -t mbr ada4 as it can be read in the manpage of gpart. Whatever I do, I receive a useless error from gpart gpart: Invalid argument with no further information. In kernel, I already added GEOM_MBR. geom_part_mbr and geom_part_ldm kernel modules are then already loaded. I tried to figure out what's going wrong but this seems highly enigmatic. What am I doing wrong? Regards and thanks, Oliver signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: gpart: can not add MBR partitions with gpart add -t mbr
On Tue, 18 Jun 2013 11:09+0200, O. Hartmann wrote: Having a 1TB disk with a MBR partition layout created successfully with gpart create -s MBR ada4, which is shown as Geom name: ada4 modified: false state: OK fwheads: 16 fwsectors: 63 last: 1953525167 first: 63 entries: 4 scheme: MBR Consumers: 1. Name: ada4 Mediasize: 1000204886016 (931G) Sectorsize: 512 Mode: r0w0e0 it is impossible for me to create a partition with gpart add -t mbr ada4 Right, that should be a partition, not a partition table. Try: gpart add -t freebsd-ufs ada4 as it can be read in the manpage of gpart. Whatever I do, I receive a useless error from gpart gpart: Invalid argument with no further information. In kernel, I already added GEOM_MBR. geom_part_mbr and geom_part_ldm kernel modules are then already loaded. I tried to figure out what's going wrong but this seems highly enigmatic. What am I doing wrong? Regards and thanks, Oliver -- +---++ | Vennlig hilsen, | Best regards, | | Trond Endrestøl, | Trond Endrestøl, | | IT-ansvarlig, | System administrator, | | Fagskolen Innlandet, | Gjøvik Technical College, Norway, | | tlf. mob. 952 62 567, | Cellular...: +47 952 62 567, | | sentralbord 61 14 54 00. | Switchboard: +47 61 14 54 00. | +---++___ freebsd-current@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current To unsubscribe, send any mail to freebsd-current-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
