Re: Undo MBR

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Sep 04, 2003 at 05:58:38PM -0400 or thereabouts, Paul Murphy wrote:
> On Thu, 4 Sep 2003 17:38:04 -0400
> > Matthew Seaman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > Errr... That's a little excessive.  The quick way to remove the
> > > FreeBSd boot manager and restore a standard MBR is:
> > > 
> > > # boot0cfg -B -b /boot/mbr ad0
> > > 
> > > (The OP might want to do that on his data disk ad2 as well).  No
> > > changes to the filesystems on those disks should be necessary.
> > > 
> > 
> >  THAT'S what I was looking for! I knew it should have something to do
> > with boot0cfg, just didn't read the man page closely enough I guess.
> > 
> 
>  Hmm, problems...
> 
> # boot0cfg -B -b /boot/mbr ad0
> # boot0cfg: /boot/mbr: unknown or incompatible boot code

You need
# fdisk -B -b /boot/mbr ad0

-- Josh
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Re: Two X sessions on one machine???

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Sep 04, 2003 at 12:44:20PM -0400 or thereabouts, Louis LeBlanc wrote:
> On 09/04/03 04:50 PM, Markie sat at the `puter and typed:
> > > 
> > 
> > http://linux.about.com/library/bl/open/newbie/blnewbie4.3.6.htm
> > 
> > Looks about right, I remember doing this a long time ago but couldn't
> > remember how. Thanks for making me get some motivation to make myself look
> > it up :o)
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> There are a hundred other questions, like how do you get an xsession
> to start different WMs or even different configurations of the same WM
> based on the display?

Test the variable $DISPLAY or $display (not sure) in your .xsession; it is
a shell script, after all.

Not sure .xinitrc is a shell script, but it may be. If so, that stuff will
work there too.

-- Josh
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Re: how to run a program as a daemon

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 03:42:59PM -0400 or thereabouts, David Banning wrote:
> I am running tmda-ofmipd for my smtp server and occasionally
> it dies. I wonder how I could set it up to run so that if it
> dies for some reason, it will start up again. Right now, it 
> starts in my rc.local like so;
> 
> /usr/local/bin/tmda-ofmipd  -R imap://localhost -u tofmipd
> 
> The only way I can think of doing it is to set up a crontab
> entry to a program that would check if it is still running, 
> and if it is not, then have it start it again. 
> 
> I was hoping there is an easier way, maybe by putting it in inetd.conf
> or something...

You can use /etc/ttys for this (despite the name).

-- Josh

> 
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Re: adding freebsd boot to grub

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 12:16:39PM -0700 or thereabouts, Desmond Lee wrote:
> Hello
> 
> I was originally running win98 and freebsd4.8 on a box with 2 hard
> drives. 1 disk had win98 and the other had freebsd. Everything worked
> fine. But I then installed redhat 9.0 on the first disk with win 98. Now
> the Grub only knows how to boot dos and linux, but no freebsd. There is
> a article about this on the freebsd page:
> http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/multi-os/ch3.html.
> This is almost the same scenario as me. However, I do not want to do a
> complete install of all 3 operating systems. Is it possible to just
> reinstall freebsd on my 2nd hard drive again and get grub to recognize
> it is there?

See what "DOS" and "Linux" do.

If one of those actually boots FreeBSD, rename it.

If not, do this at the grub> prompt (assuming your FBSD slice is (hd1,1) in GRUB):
grub> rootnoverify (hd1,1)
grub> chainloader +1
grub> boot
-or- (this one's better)
grub> root (hd1,1,a)
grub> kernel /boot/loader
grub> boot

-- Josh
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Re: How to start gnome?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 10:58:51AM -0700 or thereabouts, Ronnie Clark wrote:
> I just loaded Gnome 2.2.2 from ports. Does anyone know
> the command to put into .xinitrc to run gnome2? I
> tried the following:
> exec gnome
> exec gnome2
> 
> They do not work. 

exec gnome-session
perhaps?

-- Josh
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Re: applications

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 12:01:58PM -0400 or thereabouts, Doug Love wrote:
> A friend recommends your OS over Linux for my home system.
> I've taken a 2 day Linux Admin course, and know just about that much.
> I don't see a quick answer on your webpages to my questions.
> Where can I find
>Fortran
> Basic

Search the ports; I don't know about those languages.

> A Database similar to Access

But without the pretty interface? Try MySQL.
With a pretty web-based interface? MySQL + phpmyadmin.

> Spreadsheets

Gnumeric or OpenOffice spreadsheet or KSpread (part of KOffice)

> Pkzip

There's a program called `zip' and one called `unzip' in ports.

> 
> I hear a lot about the system being a server, but all I need to do is
> browse the web and use email similar to Netscape.  How easy is it to set
> up?

Pretty easy. For Web browser use KDE Konqueror, Mozilla, Galeon, Opera, or Dillo;
for mail use KMail, Mozilla, Thunderbird (not in ports yet but should be someday),
Sylpheed, or Evolution; if you want console-based email (VERY clean but a bit...
err... different) try mutt or pine.

By your program descriptions above it seems you've come from Windows. I think
you'll find the KDE desktop most familiar (GNOME works too).

-- Josh
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Re: Suggestions to a command line editor

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 10:50:47AM -0400 or thereabouts, Gerard Samuel wrote:
> Well I've been using FreeBSD for the past maybe 4 years now.
> I've been using "ee" (don't laugh) to do all my editing on the command line.
> Im looking to grow out of "ee" into something else.
> Naturally, something that can open/edit files.
> And if possible, I've heard of editors with color syntax highlighting, 
> search/replace,
> and other voodoo, that "ee" isn't capable of.
> In general, I edit FreeBSD system files, php/html and related files.
> 
> Any suggestions are welcome, while I look through the ports to see if 
> anything jumps out at me...
> Thanks for any tips you may provide...

I like emacs (actually xemacs) though I'm sure others think differently.
Vim is good too.

-- Josh

> 
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Re: Ghost for FreeBSD

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 02:27:03PM + or thereabouts, Mark wrote:
> - Original Message - 
> From: "Joshua Oreman" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> To: "Mark" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Cc: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Sent: Wednesday, September 03, 2003 4:08 PM
> Subject: Re: Ghost for FreeBSD
> 
> 
> > > > cd /mnt/root
> > > > /sbin/dump -L -f- /|restore -rf-
> > > > cd /mnt/var
> > > > /sbin/dump -L -f- /var|restore -rf-
> > > > cd /mnt/usr
> > > > /sbin/dump -L -f- /usr|restore -rf-
> > >
> > > I have heard this before, but I never understand this part. :) How
> > > does creating a /mnt/root directory, and restoring in that directory
> > > get my / slice back? Then the restored data will just sit
> > > in /mnt/root! What good does it there?
> > >
> > > Or should I create /mnt/root as partition, about equal in size to the
> root
> 
> > To mirror the root partition to another:
> > # mkdir /mnt/root
> > # mount /dev/ /mnt/root
> > # cd /mnt/root
> > # /sbin/dump -f- / | restore -rf-
> >
> > You will not *need* to umount the root partition.
> 
> Ok; what you have done is made a dump on the root mirror device; great! But
> how do I now tell FreeBSD to use that "restored" partition as /? Edit
> /etc/fstab to effect the change for the next boot? I have a nagging
> suspicion it will then still boot off the old / slice.

Ah, that's right. You have to edit /etc/fstab *AND* tell the kernel. I'm not
sure exactly what you need to do to boot from a different root device; maybe
someone will fille me in?

-- Josh

> 
> - Mark
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Re: Booting bit-by-bit (rc.conf broken)

[Joshua Oreman]

[Format recovered]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 03:05:22PM +0100 or thereabouts, Colin Watson wrote:

> My rc.conf file appears to be broken in some way, and this is
> preventing my system from booting. It boots to a heavily resticted
> system, with only the / file system mounted and the statically
> linked binaries available. Problem is, I can't edit my rc.conf or
> remove it. Is their any way I can either selectivly execute
> statements in the rc.conf during bootup (similar to the old dos
> method), or a way I can force login, so I can remove the damaged
> rc.conf.

Yes.
# fsck -p
# mount -uw /

# vi /etc/rc.conf# or any other editor
or
# mv /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.conf.BROKEN

# mount -ur /

# exit
or
# reboot

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks 
> 
> Colin.
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Re: Ghost for FreeBSD

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Sep 03, 2003 at 01:12:25PM + or thereabouts, Mark wrote:
> - Original Message - 
> From: "Vincent Poy" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> To: "Mike Tancsa" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Cc: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Sent: Wednesday, September 03, 2003 2:22 PM
> Subject: Re: Ghost for FreeBSD
> 
> 
> > cd /mnt/root
> > /sbin/dump -L -f- /|restore -rf-
> > cd /mnt/var
> > /sbin/dump -L -f- /var|restore -rf-
> > cd /mnt/usr
> > /sbin/dump -L -f- /usr|restore -rf-
> 
> I have heard this before, but I never understand this part. :) How does
> creating a /mnt/root directory, and restoring in that directory get my /
> slice back? Then the restored data will just sit in /mnt/root! What good
> does it there?
> 
> Or should I create /mnt/root as partition, about equal in size to the root
> partition, and then restore therein, and do the old switcheroo in /etc/fstab
> later, to make it the root partion?
> 
> I have successfully restored /var and /usr, on occasion; but that is rather
> easy, as they can be unmounted. With the root partition, that is not
> possible, of course. Short of having to switch cables on harddisks, is there
> a software method that will allow me to restore/switch the root partion?

To mirror the root partition to another:
# mkdir /mnt/root
# mount /dev/ /mnt/root
# cd /mnt/root
# /sbin/dump -f- / | restore -rf-

You will not *need* to umount the root partition.
(If you wanted to hot-swap between them, I'm not sure it's possible on FBSD.
 There is a ``pivot_root'' syscall on linux, though.)

To mirror another partition, do mostly the same thing, but replace / with
the partition in the dump line (and make sure the correct destination is mounted
on your current directory for the restore).

Dump/restore is pretty much the accepted way of doing this.

-- Josh
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Re: your mail

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Sep 02, 2003 at 12:37:21PM -0700 or thereabouts, Ed Alley wrote:
> 
> > On Tue, 2003-09-02 at 14:32, Ed Alley wrote:
> >> I'm running FreeBSD-4.8. Sometimes the file permissions for /dev/null get
> >> mysteriously changed by some unknown process to:
> >> 
> >>crw--- 1 root wheel 2, 2 Sep 2 11:20 /dev/null
> 
> > On Tue, 2003-09-02 Adam McLaurin wrote:
> > That's very strange indeed. Have you tried using chflags to prevent the
> > permissions from being changed? This should do the trick, albeit a dirty
> > hack.
> 
> Sorry, I didn't mention that I tried setting flags on /dev/null:
> 
>   chflags schg /dev/null
> 
> What happens is that sendmail complains that it can't open /dev/null.
> 
> Hey! I just realized that this may be a clue! Does sendmail fiddle with
> /dev/null? What happens if sendmail tries to lock /dev/null after it
> opens it? Does schg prevent fcntl from locking /dev/null, if that is
> what sendmail uses?

No. No. No.

schg prevents anyone from writing to said file/device :-(

-- Josh

> 
>   Ed Alley
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Re: Dump

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 08:38:03AM -0700 or thereabouts, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 10:15:08AM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael Alestock wrote:
> > I had a question
> > 
> > I have 4 filesystems that I want to dump(8) to my SCSI Tape backup drive 
> > (Travan 4GB uncompressed).  The filesystems are, "/", "/usr", "/var", and 
> > "/usr/home."  All four filesystems equal about 2.5Gigs of data.
> > 
> > I dumped the first filesystem "/" by executing, "dump -0uf /dev/sa0 / " 
> > then executed, "mt -f /dev/sa0 eom" to move the tape to the end of the 
> > backup (to append to the tape), then dumped the second filesystem (/usr) 
> > using,"dump -0uf /dev/sa0 /usr".  Then once again I executed, "mt -f 
> > /dev/sa0" to move the tape to the end (to append to it).
> > 
> > When I go to execute, "restore -if /dev/sa0" to confirm that both filesystems 
> > were saved so far, there's only ONE filesystem saved to the tape "/".  I 
> > can't 'cd' to /var because it's not on the tape.  What am I doing wrong???  I 
> > know I still have plenty of tape left to save other filesystems, but it's not 
> > dumping anything after the first filesystem.
> > 
> > Any ideas as to what I'm doing wrong??
> 

Please use /dev/nsa0 and not /dev/sa0, my bad.

> 
> -- Josh
> 
> > 
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > >>> Michael
> > 
> > 
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Re: PPP and the backslash-containing AT command in ppp.conf

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 05:38:10PM +0200 or thereabouts, Michael Vondung wrote:
> Malcolm wrote:
> 
> > Sould work if you use '', that is: AT&FN9
> > which the first interpretation reduces to: AT&F\\N9
> 
> Thank you! This worked indeed. After an hour of frustrating fiddling I also
> figured out that the string I needed for this particular ISP was AT&F\N10
> rather than AT&F\N9  -- and yet another hour later I managed to figure out
> that my user name needed to be in a different format (very cryptic and well
> hidden on the ISP's pages) than the one used in the ISP's dialer software
> for Windows. (User PPP is almost too verbose.)
> 
> So, PPP now connects just fine. The only problem is that FreeBSD doesn't
> recognise this connection as its primary connection to the Internet. Up
> until this point, the FreeBSD box used the shared Internet connection of a
> Windows XP system (a situation I'm attempting to reverse). Even when the PPP
> connection is established, "ping", "traceroute", etcetera go via the LAN to
> the XP box ... and time out because the XP machine doesn't have an active
> connection to the Internet. Probably off topic under this subject line, but
> would you know where I should start looking?

route(8) and netstat -rn

Ask your ISP what to set your default route to, then set it in /etc/rc.conf
(defaultrouter) and reboot. (You don't have to reboot, but that makes it easier).

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks!
> 
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Re: Dump

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 10:15:08AM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael Alestock wrote:
> I had a question
> 
> I have 4 filesystems that I want to dump(8) to my SCSI Tape backup drive 
> (Travan 4GB uncompressed).  The filesystems are, "/", "/usr", "/var", and 
> "/usr/home."  All four filesystems equal about 2.5Gigs of data.
> 
> I dumped the first filesystem "/" by executing, "dump -0uf /dev/sa0 / " 
> then executed, "mt -f /dev/sa0 eom" to move the tape to the end of the 
> backup (to append to the tape), then dumped the second filesystem (/usr) 
> using,"dump -0uf /dev/sa0 /usr".  Then once again I executed, "mt -f 
> /dev/sa0" to move the tape to the end (to append to it).
> 
> When I go to execute, "restore -if /dev/sa0" to confirm that both filesystems 
> were saved so far, there's only ONE filesystem saved to the tape "/".  I 
> can't 'cd' to /var because it's not on the tape.  What am I doing wrong???  I 
> know I still have plenty of tape left to save other filesystems, but it's not 
> dumping anything after the first filesystem.
> 
> Any ideas as to what I'm doing wrong??

First, no need to run eom.

So backup goes like this:
# for FS in / /usr /usr/home /var; do
> dump -0uf /dev/sa0 $FS
> done && mt -f /dev/sa0 rewind

To restore, you have to skip the tape to the correct position (read up on mt fsf).
Then you can run `restore if /dev/sa0' to get files from *THAT PARTITION ONLY*.
So if you wanted to restore a file in / but not /var or /usr (assuming rewound tape),
do:
# restore -if /dev/sa0
like you tried.
To restore a file on /usr (assuming above order) on a rewound tape, do:
# mt -f /dev/sa0 fsf
# restore -if /dev/sa0
To restore a file on /usr/home, rewound tape, do `fsf 2'.
To restore a file on /var and rewound tape, use `fsf 3'.
To rewind the tape:
# mt -f /dev/sa0 rewind

It may be useful to keep a catalog as the first file on the tape. So you might want to
do something like this before a backup of multiple file systems on one tape:

# mt -f /dev/sa0 erase  # CAREFUL! this erases previous backup!
# dd of=/dev/sa0 <

# mt -f /dev/sa0 fsf 3
# cd /usr/home
# restore if /dev/sa0

Note that when restoring a file system other than /, paths are relative to the
root of that filesystem. So, for example, if you're restoring from /usr backup,
then /usr/X11R6 is actually /X11R6. /home will be there, but empty (it's a mount
point).

Also, in the above catalog, file numbers really start at 1; I was simplifying it
so it would be easy to see exactly what you need to give to mt.

-- Josh

> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> >>> Michael
> 
> 
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Re: find -type not working on release 5.1?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 30, 2003 at 09:26:03PM -0300 or thereabouts, Herculano de Lima Einloft 
Neto wrote:
>  Hello,
> 
> I'm getting something like this:
> 
> ]$ find /etc -type d
> 
> -tinvalid option
> -y   invalid option
> -p   invalid option
> -e   invalid option
> 
>  d   unknown file

Make sure you really are typing "find /etc -type d", with the -type after
the /etc. Something like this: "find -type d /etc", would return those
errors.

> 
>One other thing..
> 
> ]$ ls x* 
>  
>   doesn't seem to work right either.. it's returning all the files..? g*
> works though..

I don't know what you mean by "works"/"doesn't work". Could you
elaborate a little here?

-- Josh

> 
>   Thanks in advance for any help.
> -- 
> Herculano de Lima Einloft Neto <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> 
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Re: Compiling ports

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 30, 2003 at 03:55:57PM -0400 or thereabouts, Adam Bender wrote:
> [ ... ]
> I then wanted to use portupgrade, which installs:
> # uname -a
> FreeBSD 68.162.128.185 4.7-RELEASE FreeBSD 4.7-RELEASE #1: Sat Nov 16
> 20:36:05 EST 2002 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/src/sys/compile/adam
> i386# pkg_info | grep portupgrade
> portupgrade-20030723 FreeBSD ports/packages administration and management
> tool s
> 
> but isn't found:
> # portupgrade
> su: portupgrade: command not found
> 
> I'm about ready to pull my hair out.  Any help is greatly appreciated.

Try /usr/local/sbin/portupgrade

-- Josh

> 
> Adam
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Re: sudoer file

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 30, 2003 at 01:19:14AM -0700 or thereabouts, Desmond Lee wrote:
> Hello 
> 
> I'm having problems setting up sudo. I want to let a user 'dlee' be able
> to mount and umount the cdrom. All I add in the /user/local/etc/sudoers
> file is the following:
> 
> 
> dlee  localhost = NOPASSWD: mount /cdrom, umount /cdrom
> 
> But when I do a 'sudo -v' (logged in as dlee) it says that dlee can run
> sudo under the machine.

Does `hostname' report "localhost"? If not, change the "localhost" to whatever
`hostname' reports.

> 
> Right now the wheel group consists of root and dlee. If I uncomment and
> put in the following line:
> 
> %wheelALL=(ALL)   ALL
> 
> then the user dlee still cannot do any sudo commands even though the
> user dlee can su as root?

AFAIK, more specific sudo lines (dlee) override less specific (%wheel).

> 
> Is there something that I'm doing wrong here? I've looked up the sudo
> and sudoers man pages and did some searching online but can't really get
> anywhere.

Check your hostname. Or just use ALL.

-- Josh

> 
> Any help is appreciated.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Desmond
> 
> 
> 
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Re: The VI editor

[Joshua Oreman]

[Please break your lines at a manageable length -- 72 is good]

On Sat, Aug 30, 2003 at 04:30:10AM +0200 or thereabouts, mats wrote:
> Hi
> 
> I have trouble using vi and vim under freebsd, under linux red hat
> it was working perfect. The trouble is that the arrow-keys doesn't
> work when I'm in insert mode. I have heard that it's important to
> use the right terminalprogram. In vim it's ok with the fancy swedish
> letters with dots over, but the arrow-keys doesn't work.

FreeBSD comes with the standard vi, not vim. (unless you install the vim port)

So the arrow keys work in command mode, but not in insert mode?
"That's a feature, not a bug."(TM)

If the arrow keys didn't work at all, then I would say check $TERM. But as it
is, it's probably a design decision in FBSD vi more than anything. Try the
vim port, if you haven't already.

-- Josh

> 
> /Mats
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Re: Question on CVS Branches

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Aug 29, 2003 at 09:46:36PM +0200 or thereabouts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Quoting Chuck Swiger <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> 
> > Heinrich Rebehn wrote:
> > [ ... ]
> > > Thank you. Yet another question: I would like to update my source tree 
> > > automatically each night. However the cvs login requires a password to 
> > > be typed in. Is there any way to automate this? Strangely, the cvs man 
> > > page does not even mention the login command.
> > 
> > The documentation for CVS is not especially well-known for being inclusive. 
> > Are 
> > you using CVS over SSH or in pserver mode?  The first case requires you to
> > set 
> > up password-less SSH authentication via ssh-keygen, the latter uses the "cvs
> > 
> > login" mechanism.
> > 
> > -- 
> > -Chuck
> > 
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> I use CVSROOT=:pserver:[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/ncvs.
> Is it possible to specify the password on the command line with cvs login (it
> isn't secret anyhow)?
> How exactly do i set up password-less authentication over SSH ? I wont be able
> to create an SSH key and copy it over to the server??

Try CVSROOT=:pserver:anoncvs:[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/ncvs

Replace "password" with the password, of course.

-- Josh

> 
> - Heinrich
> 
> -
> This mail sent through IMP: http://horde.org/imp/
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Re: can't login as anyone - not even as root!

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 28, 2003 at 09:20:47AM -0700 or thereabouts, Dave Banning wrote:
> All of a sudden, I can't login, even as root. I tried to set the 
> password of root to nil (because I happened to be logged in as root at
> the time) and that didn't work either.
> 
> Then, thinking that the machine was acting up, I rebooted. Now I am in 
> deeper. I can't even access the machine.
> 
> Any idea why this would happen, or more important, how I can get out?

Ctrl+Alt+Del
[if you get the fancy menu, choose "boot in single-user mode"; otherwise...]
Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds... 
OK boot -s
[ ... ]

use /bin/sh
fsck -p
mount -a
ktrace -o /root/login.out login root
Password: 
Login failed

kdump /root/login.out | mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] -s "Re: can't login as anyone - not 
even as root!"

Note: my syntax for kdump/ktrace may be a bit off, see their man pages.

-- Josh

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Re: SecFix for databases/firebird, please review

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 27, 2003 at 11:17:33AM +0200 or thereabouts, Alexander Leidinger wrote:
> On Wed, 27 Aug 2003 10:10:36 +0200
> Pawel Jakub Dawidek <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, Aug 18, 2003 at 11:59:28AM +0200, Alexander Leidinger wrote:
> > +> Thanks for the review. I've updated
> > +> http://www.leidinger.net/FreeBSD/firebird-1.0.2-secfix.tar.bz2 (modulo
> > +> Chris' work in progress). I'm looking forward to the next round. :-)
> > 
> > IMHO there are still problems with strncat(3).
> > 
[ ... ]
> > You also still don't add:
> > 
> > buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
> > 
> > after all strncat(3)s.
> 
> Hmmm... yes, I see the problem...

>From strncat(3):
char* strncat (char * restrict s, const char * restrict append, size_t count);
[ ... ]
The strncat function appends not more than count characters from
append, and then adds a terminating `\0'.
(emphasis added) ^^^

So here there really isn't a problem.

-- Josh
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Re: Detect floppy diskette

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 26, 2003 at 03:00:23PM -0500 or thereabouts, Charles Howse wrote:
> > Try this:
> > % perl
> > use POSIX qw/:fcntl_h dup2 setsid/;
> > if (fork) { exit; }
> > setsid;
> > 
> > my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", O_WRONLY or die "Can't open 
> > /dev/null: $!\n";
> > dup2 $fd, 0;
> > dup2 $fd, 1;
> > dup2 $fd, 2;
> > 
> > sleep 5;
> > 
> > system "sudo mount /dev/fd0 /mnt";
> > 
> > %# wait for an error within 5 seconds or so
> > 
> > If no error appears, I think you forgot the / on /dev/null up 
> > there :-) Make
> > sure to unmount the floppy afterwards.
> > If there is an error, it proves that it was/is a kernel message.
> 
> Looks good, now...I have to insert this perl code into a bash script as
> a function.
> This generates a syntax error:
> #!/usr/local/bin/bash
> 
> Chkflp(){
> /usr/bin/perl
add < use POSIX qw/:fcntl_h dup2 setsid/;
> if (fork) { exit; }
> setsid;
>  
> my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", O_WRONLY or die "Can't open 
> /dev/null: $!\n";
> dup2 $fd, 0;
> dup2 $fd, 1;
> dup2 $fd, 2;
>  
> sleep 5;
put EOF on a new line here
> }
> 

But I think you misunderstood me.
This script will check to see whether you *can* trap the error. Run it manually
on the command line, wait a few seconds, see if you get an error w/o a floppy in
the drive. If no error, great; put this in bash script:

FloppyInDrive() {
perl << 'EOF'
use POSIX;
my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", POSIX::O_WRONLY or die "can't open /dev/null";
dup2 $fd, $_ for (0, 1, 2);
exec "dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/null bs=1k count=1";
EOF
return $?
}

until FloppyInDrive; do echo "please insert floppy and press enter"; read key; done
--
Something like that. This is how it looks on my Linux box (sorry, no FreeBSD example 
yet):
bash-2.05a# FloppyInDrive() {
> perl << 'EOF'
> use POSIX;
> my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", POSIX::O_WRONLY or die "can't open /dev/null";
> dup2 $fd, $_ for (0, 1, 2);
> exec "dd if=/dev/floppy/0 of=/dev/null bs=1k count=1";
> EOF
> return $?
> }
bash-2.05a#

bash-2.05a# until FloppyInDrive; do echo "please insert floppy and press enter"; read 
key; done

bash-2.05a# SysRq : Changing Loglevel
Loglevel set to 9
until FloppyInDrive; do echo "please insert floppy and press enter"; read key; done
end_request: I/O error, dev 02:00 (floppy), sector 0
please insert floppy and press enter

end_request: I/O error, dev 02:00 (floppy), sector 0
please insert floppy and press enter


bash-2.05a# SysRq : Changing Loglevel
Loglevel set to 3
until FloppyInDrive; do echo "please insert floppy and press enter"; read key; done
please insert floppy and press enter

please insert floppy and press enter

bash-2.05a#

If the original errors, well, maybe the above will work anyway. Maybe it won't. Oh 
well.

-- Josh

> 
> 
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Re: Detect floppy diskette

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 26, 2003 at 03:19:57PM -0500 or thereabouts, Charles Howse wrote:
> > > Try this:
> 
> #!/usr/bin/perl
> 
> use POSIX qw/:fcntl_h dup2 setsid/;
> if (fork) { exit; }
> setsid;
>  
> my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", O_WRONLY or die "Can't open 
> /dev/null: $!\n";
> dup2 $fd, 0;
> dup2 $fd, 1;
> dup2 $fd, 2;
> 
> sleep 5;
>  
> system "sudo mount /dev/fd0 /mnt";
> 
> 
> Maybe I'm doing something wrong, all this script does is run and exit
> with status 0, whether I have a diskette in the drive or not.  No output
> to screen or anything.

Does nothing happen for 5 seconds?
Good! That means you can trap the error. (Read my previous email).

> 
> 
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Re: motd question

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 11:02:55AM -0700 or thereabouts, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 12:37:44PM -0400 or thereabouts, Louis LeBlanc wrote:
> > Probably not possible, but I was wondering (and have for some time,
> > though I can't find any info on it either way) whether /etc/motd is
> > strictly a text in/text out file, or if there is a way to get it to
> > execute a command, the output of which is to be included in the text
> > output?
> 
> You could make it a FIFO and put a Perl script or something at the
> other end, if you want dynamically-generated output.
> [ ... ]
> Be careful.

Really! This approach can come back and bite you in the butt. Basically, be absolutely
sure the writer process is started during bootup. Otherwise it'll hang indefinitely
when logging in; you need to drop to single-user to fix it.

-- Josh

> 
> > 
> > TIA
> > Lou
> > -- 
> > Louis LeBlanc   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > Fully Funded Hobbyist, KeySlapper Extrordinaire :)
> > http://www.keyslapper.org ԿԬ
> > 
> > Make it right before you make it faster.
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Re: Detect floppy diskette

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 26, 2003 at 08:17:35AM -0500 or thereabouts, Charles Howse wrote:
> Hi,
> Using bash, how can I silently check to see whether there is a floppy
> diskette in the drive?
> 
> When I do:
> # mount /dev/fd0 /mnt > dev/null 2>&1
> I still get an error msg on screen.

Probably the message is generated by the kernel and cannot be ignored.

Try this:
% perl
use POSIX qw/:fcntl_h dup2 setsid/;
if (fork) { exit; }
setsid;

my $fd = POSIX::open "/dev/null", O_WRONLY or die "Can't open /dev/null: $!\n";
dup2 $fd, 0;
dup2 $fd, 1;
dup2 $fd, 2;

sleep 5;

system "sudo mount /dev/fd0 /mnt";

%# wait for an error within 5 seconds or so

If no error appears, I think you forgot the / on /dev/null up there :-) Make
sure to unmount the floppy afterwards.
If there is an error, it proves that it was/is a kernel message.

-- Josh

> 
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> Charles
> 
> 
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Re: mounting linux ext3 partition

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 26, 2003 at 01:03:33AM -0400 or thereabouts, dave wrote:
> Hello,
> I'm trying to mount a linux ext3 partition. I understand that it's
> possible to do it using the ext2 kernel driver so i've recompiled a kernel
> with that option in it. When i do:
> mount_ext2fs /dev/ad1 /mnt
> this is what i get.
> 
> ad1: 38166MB  [77545/16/63] at ata0-slave UDMA100
> ext2fs: ad1: wrong magic number 0 (expected 0xef53)
> WARNING: mount of ad1s1 denied due to unsupported optional features
> ext2fs: ad1: wrong magic number 0 (expected 0xef53)
> WARNING: mount of ad1s1 denied due to unsupported optional features
> ext2fs: ad1: wrong magic number 0 (expected 0xef53)
> ext2fs: ad1: wrong magic number 0 (expected 0xef53)
> ext2fs: ad1: wrong magic number 0 (expected 0xef53)

I think your drive is marked "dirty". Please mount/umount it in Linux
and try again.

BTW: ext3 is compatible w/ext2 *ONLY* when the dirty bit is unset. When
 it is set, journal rollback is necessary which only ext3 can handle.

-- Josh

> 
> Any help appreciated.
> Dave.
> 
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Re: National Security Backdoor in telnetd - all versions.

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 11:22:12PM -0400 or thereabouts, Kevin shampoo Nadeau wrote:
> 
> Hello [ ... ]
> 
> telnetd is infected with a national security backdoor in all
> non-source compiled versions of FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD.  If you
> download the source code for telnetd and compile it to compare the
> file size of the "stock" or "out of the box" version of telnetd
> versus the source-compiled version - you will clearly see a
> difference - which is the backdoor.  This information should be
> forwarded to CERN and the BSD and Linux development teams.
> [ ... ]

Please don't feed the troll. The size difference is in "stripped"
vs "non-stripped", btw.

-- Josh

> [ ... ]
> 
> Kevin "shampoo" Nadeau
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Re: Looking for detailed documentation: Install to existingfilesystem

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 11:52:54AM -0700 or thereabouts, Avleen Vig wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 24, 2003 at 03:36:41PM -0500, Charles Howse wrote:
> > Hi,
> > I've posted this request to 'questions' with no response, so now I'll
> > ask 'hackers'.
> > 
> > I'm a hobbyist, and for my personal education, I would like to learn how
> > to install FBSD from an existing filesystem, rather than from FTP or CD.
> > 
> > My intention is to copy the files to a directory on the second HDD of my
> > present FBSD system, and point sysinstall to that partition/directory
> > during the install.
> 
> This may not answer the questions you posed, but it may be a good start
> for you.
> 
> You have two options i can think of, if you want to mimic a traditional
> /stand/sysinstall installation process.
> 1) install an FTP server, and choose an FTP install.
> 2) export the hard drive over NFS, and use that.
> 
> Or, a better way which I would recommend:
> download the source code, and put if on the second drive. We'll assume
> /usr/src and /usr/obj are mounted on the *second* hard drive.
> 
> Run something like this:
> cd /usr/src
> make buildworld *
>   * the '' is a flag I don't recall off the top of my head, but
>   * it lets you change which drive / other mounted location, the new
>   * build is installed to. Maybe someone else can help here?
> make buildkernel
> 
> then when you want to install to a third hard drive, mount it as the
> location give in '' to make on the previous step, then run:
> make 
> make installkernel
> make installworld
> mergemaster
> 
> that should isntall the compiled sources to the new drive pretty
> quickly.

Wrong. The process would be something like:

cd /usr/src
make buildworld
make buildkernel KERNCONF=
mount /dev/ /mnt/point
make installkernel
make installworld DESTDIR=/mnt/point
mergemaster
reboot

-- Josh

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Re: Proc Size Mismatch

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 07:14:03PM +0200 or thereabouts, Ian Barnes wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I am running a 4.7 stable machine on a p1 120. With 16meg of ram. ITs
> function is a secondary DNS server.
> 
> IT has been running very stable until this weekend. The machine froze for
> some or other reason. Upon reboot, i was told it couldnt FSCK the drives and
> I had to do it manually. Okay, cool, fine, no problem, did it manually, and
> got it to boot. Now when i login and try and type something, these are the
> errors im getting:
> 
[ ... ]
> userland out of sync with kernel, recompile libkvm etc
  ^^
[ ... ]
> Any ideas anyone ? Do i need to format and reload ? What can i do to help
> this?

RTS -- and buildworld/installworld.

-- Josh

> 
> Ian
> 
> P.S. Oh, i was doing a buildworld when i froze!

Weird. Try re-cvsupping maybe.

> 
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Re: motd question

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 12:37:44PM -0400 or thereabouts, Louis LeBlanc wrote:
> Probably not possible, but I was wondering (and have for some time,
> though I can't find any info on it either way) whether /etc/motd is
> strictly a text in/text out file, or if there is a way to get it to
> execute a command, the output of which is to be included in the text
> output?

You could make it a FIFO and put a Perl script or something at the
other end, if you want dynamically-generated output. For example:
--snip--
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use constant FILE => "/etc/motd";
use POSIX qw/setsid mkfifo/;

# Comment these if you want it to run in foreground:
exit 0 if fork;
setsid;

while (1) {
unless (-p FILE) {
unlink FILE;
mkfifo FILE, 0644;
}

my $fortune_msg;

open FORTUNE, "/usr/bin/env fortune |" or die "Can't open pipe from fortune: 
$!\n";
$fortune_msg .= $_ while ;
close FORTUNE;

open FIFO, ">".FILE or die "Can't open ".FILE." for writing: $!\n";
print FIFO $fortune_msg;
close FIFO;

sleep 2;
}
--snip--
would generate a `fortune' message every time someone read motd. Run it like so:
# /path/to/fortunemotd.pl

Note that this script will *DELETE YOUR EXISTING MOTD*... back it up first.

If you want to use this for something else, for example a .signature, change
the `use constant FILE => <>' line.

If you have two (or more) of these things running, it can produce unexpected results.
Be careful.

-- Josh

> 
> TIA
> Lou
> -- 
> Louis LeBlanc   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Fully Funded Hobbyist, KeySlapper Extrordinaire :)
> http://www.keyslapper.org ԿԬ
> 
> Make it right before you make it faster.
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Re: Cvsup script question

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 25, 2003 at 03:32:25PM +0100 or thereabouts, Marco Gon?alves wrote:
> Hi, i did some minor alterations to the script by
> 
> #!/usr/local/bin/bash
> 
> /usr/local/bin/cvsup -g -L 0 /etc/cvsupfile # Keep quiet except for errors
> /usr/local/sbin/portsdb -Uu > /dev/null # Hopefully, show only errors
> /usr/local/sbin/pkgdb -aF
> /bin/echo
> /bin/echo "Updated ports:"
> /usr/local/sbin/portversion | grep "<"  # Show only changed ports
> 
> but strangly, at least for me, is that the 2nd line the output is
> not being redirected to /dev/null and if i execute this script i
> still get lots of output...

I bet portsdb is putting its progress messages on standard output. (Programs
seem to do that a lot, since stderr is unbuffered). Try:
/usr/local/sbin/portsdb -Uu >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "FAILED to run portsdb"; exit 1 }

That will not give you the error output, but if there's an error it will say so and 
exit.
(You can run portsdb manually and see!)

-- Josh
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Re: portupgrade problem (was Re: orphaned port?)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 23, 2003 at 04:05:05PM -0700 or thereabouts, paul beard wrote:
> 
> I am having this problem  as well on any port I try to install. I 
> have rebuilt pkgdb from scratch.
> 
> 
> ===>  Installing for p5-SNMP_Session-0.95
> ===>   Generating temporary packing list
> ===>  Checking if net/p5-SNMP_Session already installed
> *** Error code 1
> 
> Stop in /usr/ports/net/p5-SNMP_Session.
> *** Error code 1
> 
> Stop in /usr/ports/net/mrtg.
> [ ... ]
> Then breaking it down to run just the first command makes me 
> wonder what's wrong with pkg_info.
> 
> [/usr/ports/net/mrtg]:: /usr/sbin/pkg_info -q -O net/p5-SNMP_Session
> pkg_info: illegal option -- O
> usage: pkg_info [-cdDfGiIkLmopqrRsvVx] [-e package] [-l prefix]
> [-t template] [-W filename] [pkg-name ...]
>pkg_info -a [flags]
> 
> the O option doesn't seem to be in the man page, so I'm not sure 
> what's up.

This is a VFAQ lately. You need FBSD 4.7 or better.

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> Paul Beard
> 
> whois -h whois.networksolutions.com ha=pb202
> 
> E Pluribus Unix
> 
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Re: file picker

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 06:49:06PM -0500 or thereabouts, Walter wrote:
> Josh,
> 
> Sorry to bother you, but the $RANDOM symbol returns
> a blank.  Do I need to initialize something?

On bash/zsh $RANDOM returns a random number. On sh
it's apparently undefined. To define it, do
RANDOM=$( perl -e 'srand; print int(rand()*10)%32767' )

> OTOH,
> is there a shell command to extract the day of the
> month from the string returned by 'date'?  I think
> now I'd prefer to do that.

To do that (if you don't have enough files in the directory
it will wrap around), do:

DIR=<<< the directory >>>
nfiles=$(ls -1 $DIR | wc -l | tr -d ' ')
fileno=$(( ($(date +%d) % $nfiles) + 1)
FILE=$DIR/$(ls -1 $DIR | head -n $fileno | tail -n 1)

(The command is "date +%d").

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks.
> 
> Walter
> 
> Joshua Oreman wrote:
> 
> >On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 11:36:24AM -0500 or thereabouts, Walter wrote:
> >
> >>Hi All,
> >>
> >>  I want to run a cron job to upload a different image
> >>file to a web site as a new background every night.
> >>
> >>  I need a way to automatically select a different file
> >>from a directory which I will populate over time, and
> >>then feed that name to the upload script.  I can't find
> >>anything like this in the ports.  Can someone suggest
> >>a utility, script, et cetera, for this?  Otherwise, I'm
> >>prepared to write my own, but I don't want to re-invent
> >>the wheel, as the saying goes.  Thanks.
> >
> >
> >
> >To select a random file from the directory, try this:-
> >
> >DIR=<<< the directory >>>
> >nfiles=$(ls -1 $DIR | wc -l | tr -d ' ')
> >fileno=$(( ($RANDOM % $nfiles) + 1 ))
> >FILE=$DIR/$(ls -1 $DIR | head -n $fileno | tail -n 1)
> >
> ># $FILE now contains the full pathname of the file to
> ># upload. I'm sure you can handle the upload task :-)
> >#
> ># Note: this script may re-use the same file later. To
> ># prevent this, add a line below the upload:
> >#  mv $FILE /somewhere/else/
> ># That way the directory will only contain unused files.
> >
> >-- Josh
> >
> >
> >>  Please CC me as I'm not currently subscribed to the
> >>List.
> >>
> >>Walter
> >>
> >>___
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Re: How does one erase a FreeBSD disk (slice) label?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 02:49:09AM -0700 or thereabouts, Dan Strick wrote:
> >>
> > > Go back in time and kill the person that wrote this code
> > > before he wrote it?
> >
> > LOL
> >>
> 
> What does "LOL" stand for?

Laughing Out Loud

-- Josh

> 
> Dan Strick
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: file picker

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 11:36:24AM -0500 or thereabouts, Walter wrote:
> Hi All,
> 
>I want to run a cron job to upload a different image
> file to a web site as a new background every night.
> 
>I need a way to automatically select a different file
> from a directory which I will populate over time, and
> then feed that name to the upload script.  I can't find
> anything like this in the ports.  Can someone suggest
> a utility, script, et cetera, for this?  Otherwise, I'm
> prepared to write my own, but I don't want to re-invent
> the wheel, as the saying goes.  Thanks.


To select a random file from the directory, try this:-

DIR=<<< the directory >>>
nfiles=$(ls -1 $DIR | wc -l | tr -d ' ')
fileno=$(( ($RANDOM % $nfiles) + 1 ))
FILE=$DIR/$(ls -1 $DIR | head -n $fileno | tail -n 1)

# $FILE now contains the full pathname of the file to
# upload. I'm sure you can handle the upload task :-)
#
# Note: this script may re-use the same file later. To
# prevent this, add a line below the upload:
#  mv $FILE /somewhere/else/
# That way the directory will only contain unused files.

-- Josh

> 
>Please CC me as I'm not currently subscribed to the
> List.
> 
> Walter
> 
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Re: dvd+rw-tools

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 21, 2003 at 02:19:32PM +0100 or thereabouts, Wayne Pascoe wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> Sorry for the load of posts this week, but I've got a new toybox and
> they aren't working well...
> 
> I'm trying to use dvd+rw-tools port to burn DVD's. My first problem was
> that after burning a DVD, I was unable to eject it. I had to reboot the
> machine and only then could I get the disc out. Otherwise, it appears to
> have burned ok.
> 
> Now I'm trying to erase the disc so I can try burning a larger volume.
> I've tried using dvd+rw-format, as follows:
> 
> dvd+rw-format /dev/cd0
> I then got
> * DVD±RW format utility by <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, version 4.5.
> * 4.7GB DVD-RW media in Sequential mode detected.
> - media is not blank
> - you have the option to re-run dvd+rw-format with:
>   -force[=full] to enforce new format or mode transition
>and wipe the data;
>   -blank[=full] to change to Sequential mode.
> 
> I've since tried dvd+rw-format -force=full /dev/cd0 and 
> dvd+rw-format -blank=full and both returned the error:
> 
> * DVD±RW format utility by <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, version 4.5.
> * 4.7GB DVD-RW media in Sequential mode detected.
> - [unable to umount]: Bad file descriptor
> 
> Has anyone successfully written or erased DVD-RW media on FreeBSD 5.1
> using this tool from ports ? 

Just overwrite with growisofs. dvd+rw-format should only be used ONCE.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> -- 
> Wayne Pascoe
> The thing is, I was POSITIVE that I wasn't
> actually depressed, just that life  had no
> meaning and I was tired of living.
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Re: Extract Single Port from CVSUP

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 20, 2003 at 02:58:09PM +0100 or thereabouts, G D McKee wrote:
> Hi all
> 
> I want to extract one port from a cvsup server at a certain date in
> time.  I know you can do it for the whole tree, but is there a way
> of doing it for a single port.

You should really use anoncvs for this. Find an anoncvs server near you (see the 
Handbook),
and do this (bourne-style shell assumed):
$ export CVSROOT=
$ cvs login
Logging in to $CVSROOT
CVS password: 
[ With luck, it should accept you. If it says "server max connection limit exceeded" or
  something equally depressing, try again later. ]
$ cvs checkout -D  
$ cvs logout
$ unset CVSROOT

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Gordon
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Re: Kuser/root account problem

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 20, 2003 at 04:26:24PM +0300 or thereabouts, Jimmy Kimanzi wrote:
> Hi
> 
> I used the kuser utility in KDE to add a user to the wheel group and it seems to 
> have deleted the root account and I can't login as root now .
> Anyone know how I can fix this ?
> I'm running FreeBSD 5.1 - RELEASE and KDE 3.1.2.

Try ++, then login as root. I think kuser probably forgot to run 
pwd_mkdb -- lucky for you :-)

If that doesn't work, follow the instructions for a "forgotten root password"
('tis in the FAQ). When you're in single user mode, try `grep root /etc/master.passwd'.
If something comes back, type `passwd root' to reset root's password. If nothing comes 
back,
you'll have to add a line for root manually in /etc/master.passwd. Then run pwd_mkdb 
/etc/master.passwd.
Whatever you do, type `exit' or +D now.

-- Josh

> 
> Jimmy.
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Re: Customize Daily Run Report

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 20, 2003 at 07:09:43AM -0500 or thereabouts, Charles Howse wrote:
> Hi,
> I have the following in /usr/local/etc/periodic/daily/100.cvsup
> 
> #!/usr/local/bin/bash
> /usr/local/bin/cvsup -g -L 2 /etc/cvsupfile
> 
> When I get my daily run report, the output of the above script is
> appended to the report without a blank line or (what I would call) a
> header line.
> 
> Would it be acceptable to modify my script as follows:
> 
> #!/usr/local/bin/bash
> Echo >> which.file
> Echo "Output of /usr/local/etc/periodic/daily/100.cvsup:" >> which.file
> /usr/local/bin/cvsup -g -L 2 /etc/cvsupfile
> 
> Where 'which.file' is the daily run report?
> This is a littly picky, I know.

To your script, the daily run report is a file called "/dev/fd/1" :-)
So just:
echo
echo "Output of CVSup:"
/usr/local/bin/cvsup -g -L 2 /etc/cvsupfile

-- Josh

> 
> 
> Thanks,
> Charles
> 
> 
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Re: How does one erase a FreeBSD disk (slice) label?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 19, 2003 at 01:41:49AM -0700 or thereabouts, Dan Strick wrote:
> How does one erase a FreeBSD disk (slice) label?
> 
> [ ... ]
> 
> Boot MS Windows and FORMAT the slice?

Wouldn't work; FORMAT is braindead.

> Disable the code in /sys/kern/subr_diskslice.c that protects
> disk labels and build a new kernel?

Should work, if you want to. But remember to enable it again!

> Go back in time and kill the person that wrote this code
> before he wrote it?

LOL

> Learn to love penguins?

No way!

> 
> Please help ... I am slowly going crazy...

Boot from a FIXIT floppy/CD and try erasing it there.

-- Josh

> 
> Dan Strick
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: permission in apache

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 03:10:41PM +0100 or thereabouts, Jez Hancock wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 05:29:11AM -0700, Mike Maltese wrote:
> > This shouldn't have anything to do with UNIX permissions. You'll get this
> > error (403) if there is no document by the name specified in the
> > DirectoryIndex directive (defualt is index.html) and the directory does not
> > have the Indexes option (display directory contents). So either create
> > index.html in that directory, or add Indexes to the Options for that
> > directory to view the list of files. These options can be set on a per-vhost
> > basis.
> A 403 error would occur if a DirectoryIndex file exists (index.html say)
> and permissions on that file in the DocumentRoot were such that it can't
> be accessed by the apache user.
> 
> Further it could be the case that permissions on the file itself, say
> /usr/local/www/vhost/index.html, were 755 but still the error occurs.
> Usually this is because the permissions on a parent directory somewhere
> up the directory tree are set so that the apache user can't read files
> under that directory structure.  For example /usr/local/www might be set
> to 750 and owned 'root:wheel' - so the 'other' group (which the apache
> user falls into) cannot read files under that directory tree.
> 
> In summary make sure the EUID user apache is running as has access to
> the DocumentRoot directory as well as the files it needs to access of
> course.
> 
> FWIW you can check if the apache user has perms to read somefile.txt by doing:
> 
> echo "ls -al somefile.txt" | su -fm www

Won't work.
Non-apache-related-example:
% id -u
1000
% ls /etc/master.passwd
/etc/master.passwd
% less /etc/master.passwd
/etc/master.passwd: Permission denied

You need to actually read the file - something like `dd if=somefile.txt of=/dev/null'
should work.

-- Josh

> 
> as root.
> 
> -- 
> Jez
> 
> http://www.munk.nu/
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Re: mouse with scroll....

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 12:37:00PM +0200 or thereabouts, Benjamin Walkenhorst wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Hello,
> 
> On Sonntag, 17. August 2003 01:52 Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 03:31:40AM +0400 or thereabouts, Denis wrote:
> > > Hi All!!!
> > >
> > >   Does anybody know how in freebsd use mouse with 3 button and one
> > >   scroll?
> >
> > --snip /etc/XF86Config (or /etc/X11/XF86Config)--
> > Section "InputDevice"
> > Identifier  "Mouse0"
> > Driver  "mouse"
> > Option  "Protocol" "ImPS/2"
> > #   you need this
> > # ...
> > Option  "Buttons" "3"
> > # and this  ^
> > Option  "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
> > # and this  
> > EndSection
> > --snip--
> 
> Don't you need to enter a device-file as well?
> My XF86Config contains a line 
> - ---
> Option"Device""/dev/sysmouse"
> - ---
> To get the mouse wheel working, I have to change that line, too, don't I? 
> What do I have to put there? "/dev/psm0"?

I left a # ... comment in there, didn't you see? :-)
If you're using mouse to copy/paste in the console, you need /dev/sysmouse in 
XF86Config.
Otherwise use /dev/psm0 (PS/2 mice) or /dev/ums0 (USB mice).

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> kind regards,
> 
> Benjamin
> 
> - -- 
> Benjamin Walkenhorst
> eMail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> homepage: http://www.krylon.de
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
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> Comment: Public Key available at http://www.krylon.de
> 
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> UYEUa42vVRVwlx2spcaLvIY=
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Re: mouse with scroll....

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 06:22:46PM +0400 or thereabouts, Denis wrote:
> Hi!
> 
> Sunday, August 17, 2003, 3:52:44 AM, you wrote:
> 
> JO> On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 03:31:40AM +0400 or thereabouts, Denis wrote:
> >> Hi All!!!
> >> 
> >>   Does anybody know how in freebsd use mouse with 3 button and one
> >>   scroll?
> 
> JO> --snip /etc/XF86Config (or /etc/X11/XF86Config)--
> JO> Section "InputDevice"
> JO> Identifier  "Mouse0"
> JO> Driver  "mouse"
> JO> Option  "Protocol" "ImPS/2"
> JO> #   you need this
> JO> # ...
> JO> Option  "Buttons" "3"
> JO> # and this  ^
> JO> Option  "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
> JO> # and this  
> JO> EndSection
> JO> --snip--
> 
> JO> -- Josh
> 
> Hey, Thanks!
> It works!
> That's cool!
> Do you happen to know how i can to set an action for 4th button?

First, change Option "Protocol" to "Auto", as someone has commented and see if it 
still works.

You mean your mouse has 3 normal buttons and a scroll wheel? Or 2 buttons, wheel 
press, and scroll?

If it has 3 things you can press, they'll work normally. If it has more, I think you 
can use
xmodmap(1).

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> Best Regards, Denis.
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Re: mouse with scroll....

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Aug 17, 2003 at 03:31:40AM +0400 or thereabouts, Denis wrote:
> Hi All!!!
> 
>   Does anybody know how in freebsd use mouse with 3 button and one
>   scroll?

--snip /etc/XF86Config (or /etc/X11/XF86Config)--
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier  "Mouse0"
Driver  "mouse"
Option  "Protocol" "ImPS/2"
#   you need this
# ...
Option  "Buttons" "3"
# and this  ^
Option  "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
# and this  
EndSection
--snip--

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> Best regards, Denis
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
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Re: Definition of interfaces in ifconfig

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 16, 2003 at 05:57:18PM -0500 or thereabouts, Charles Howse wrote:
> I'm currently running a custom kernel, with just the cpu specified and
> maxusers = 0
> 
> I edited a new copy of that, took out quite a bit more that I don't need
> - raid, scsi, wi-fi, pcmcia, etc.
> I did:
> # cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
> # /usr/sbin/config CUSTOM1
> # cd ../../compile/CUSTOM1
> # make clean
> # make depend
> # make
> 
> FAILURE!
> 
> Last line of output:
> Umass.o(.text+0x1c13): more undefined references to 'xpt_done' follow
> 
> *** Error Code 1
> Stop in /usr/src/sys/compile/CUSTOM1
> 
> 
> Assuming that the error is in my editing of the kernel config file, I
> have added it below.
> Any advice would be appreciated!
> 

Look at these comments carefully.

...snip...
> #device   scbus   # SCSI bus (required)
> #device   da  # Direct Access (disks)
...snip...
> deviceumass   # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
   ^
-- Josh

> 
> 
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Re: Debugging symbols with nasm

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 16, 2003 at 09:14:30AM +0300 or thereabouts, Vladimir Ciobanu wrote:
>   I'm not sure whether this is the best list to post to, but it's my 
> first guess. I'm using nasm to compile some code I wrote. The 
> developer-handbook suggests I use "-f elf", so that's what I did. Then I 
> linked it with ld. The program works as expected, but I can't debug it 
> with gdb; it reports "no debugging symbols found".
>   I've tried to get the possible debugging formats nasm can output, and 
> I get "null" for both elf and aoutb ( ld can't even link aoutb .o files ).
>   Is there a way I could debug my nasm-compiled assembler sources, 
> preferably with gdb ? I don't mind any binary format that can run on 
> FreeBSD, nor any other linker.
>   Any suggestions are welcome.

GDB is just too good for debugging ASM stuff. I recommend ALD, the Assembly
Language Debugger. Install /usr/ports/devel/ald, and run `ald myprogram'.

It doesn't need debug symbols beyond what NASM already provides :-)

-- Josh
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Re: Changing Timezones

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 11, 2003 at 01:03:49PM -0400 or thereabouts, Dragoncrest wrote:
> Ok, it seems I've found my problem for why my cron jobs are running 4
> hours early.  But I'm unsure how to fix this.  Does anyone know the
> command I need to run to set my timezone back to GMT, or what file do I
> need to remove so that it thinks that it's running on GMT again??

rm /etc/localtime will switch back to GMT.
To change your timezone, make a symlink from /etc/localtime to
/usr/share/zoneinfo//.

-- Josh

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Re: mfs

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 05:58:29PM - or thereabouts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I'm trying to setup /var on a mermory file system on Freebsd 5.1, any good documents 
> that will 
> help me, it's my first time.

Don't set up /var on MFS, it holds stuff that has to be preserved across reboots.
To set up /tmp on a MFS (for this one boot), do like so:
# mv /tmp /tmp.old
# mkdir /tmp
# MD=`mdconfig -a -t swap -s XXXm`# replace XXXm with size
# newfs /dev/$MD
# mount /dev/$MD /tmp
# unset MD

It will disappear when the system goes down.

-- Josh

> 
> 
> 
> 
> Thx
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SORRY (was: Re: I forgot my O:line password)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 06:56:24PM -0700 or thereabouts, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 05:46:48PM -0700 or thereabouts, Raymond Jimenez wrote:
> > Joshua Oreman wrote:

OH N! ::screams::in::agony::

Sorry about this, folks. Didn't mean to cc: (most of my mail goes to fbsd-questions,
so I guess this one slipped thru).

Please forget this happened... :-O

-- Josh

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Re: Tradeshow Crowd Pullers

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Aug 12, 2003 at 11:53:29PM +0100 or thereabouts, Claire Q'vant wrote:
> We're going to have a booth at a trade show in a few
> months, and we'd like to have a few machines running
> FreeBSD for people to play with.
> 
> But, as a crowd puller, it'd be nice to have a
> graphical bootup sequence.
> 
> I know it's not the 'done thing' for a server OS, but
> for a workstation OS, it's a very nice touch.
> 
> Does anyone know of any code to do it?
> Any projects already started?
> 
> I'm aware it'll have to be a kernel module, as it's
> the only thing running at that stage.
> 
> I don't know if VGL and VESA will do it - it handles
> the 'splash' modules ok, but this module would require
> sysctl's to tell the module to display the next icon,
> e.g.
> Starting Network (greyed out icon)
> Network Started ok (Coloured icon)
> Network Start Failed (Coloured with cross through it)
> 
> Has anyone seen anything like this?
> Is anyone keen?

Yep, I have, twice, on Linux. :-(

1) The Linux bootsplash project (www.bootsplash.org IIRC) can do like FBSD ``splash''
   module but with a progress bar. Also gives VCs a background pic.
2) Mandrake Linux does something a LOT like this. It doesn't cover up the kernel 
messages
   as it's not a kernel module; it starts as soon as the root fs is mounted.

   Basically, it involves starting up a minimal X server.

   Yes, on Linux X can run on the framebuffer (SC_PIXEL_MODE). Not sure whether it can 
on
   FBSD too.

   Then a custom X program was run to do exactly what you're talking about.

You may be able to use a combination of splash.ko and a custom X program to do what 
you want.

-- Josh

> 
> Claire
> 
> 
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Re: fsck -F

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 11:53:34AM +1000 or thereabouts, Andy Farkas wrote:
> On 6 Aug 2003, Lowell Gilbert wrote:
> 
> > David Bear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> >
> > > on linux there is a -F option to force a fsck on reboot.  I couldn't
> > > see the equivalent in freebsd.
> >
> > That's what /etc/rc.early is for.
> > [man rc.early]
> 
> Uhm, man fsck.
> 
> fsck already runs at boot.

Yes. But they won't run if the filesystem is marked ``clean''.

Actually, what shutdown -F does is touch /forcefsck. (In a similar vein,
shutdown -f touches /fastboot). The rc scripts check this and add appropriate
flags to the invocation of fsck (or in the case of /fastboot don't invoke it).

/fastboot would not work on FBSD as the fsck protection is enforced (in linux
there's a warning but no error). But /forcefsck could still be implemented with
suitable patches to your rc scripts and (optionally) shutdown.

-- Josh

> 
> --
> 
>  :{ [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> Andy Farkas
> System Administrator
>Speednet Communications
>  http://www.speednet.com.au/
> 
> 
> 
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Re: Help me on my freebsd machine

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 11, 2003 at 12:59:22AM -0700 or thereabouts, amin wrote:
> HI

> I don't know is that true that they are saying that freebsd is a
> perfect machine for your network and acce ok I don't know how to
> start but I have been reading freebsd books for about 8 weeks but I
> have about tons of problems that I seems it was not a problem for
> any body else or maybe I am new I'm not able to see these things...
> I want to set up a gateway, with FTP access and mail and I have my
> own Static IP and domain so I want to set up a really complete
> server at my home.  but it seems that if I go like this it will take
> for ever and I still in my first place...  please help me what
> should I do where should I go What should I read

As someone already said, start with the Handbook. But really if you
want to learn, you can just try it and see how far you get :-) I did
this myself, actually, but on Linux. At one point, I had FTP, SSH,
SMTP, DNS, HTTP, POP, IMAP, HTTPS, MySQL, VNC, X, and Webmin servers
running. Needless to say, this was a *HUGE* security hole. But I learned
a lot! :-)

-- Josh

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Re: Tradeshow Crowd Pullers

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 12:57:09AM +0100 or thereabouts, Claire Q'vant wrote:
>  --- Joshua Oreman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On
> Tue, Aug 12, 2003 at 11:53:29PM +0100 or
> > thereabouts, Claire Q'vant wrote:
> > > We're going to have a booth at a trade show in a
> > few
> > > months, and we'd like to have a few machines
> > running
> > > FreeBSD for people to play with.
> > > 
> > > But, as a crowd puller, it'd be nice to have a
> > > graphical bootup sequence.
> > > 
> > > I know it's not the 'done thing' for a server OS,
> > but
> > > for a workstation OS, it's a very nice touch.
> > > 
> > > Does anyone know of any code to do it?
> > > Any projects already started?
> > > 
> > > I'm aware it'll have to be a kernel module, as
> > it's
> > > the only thing running at that stage.
> > > 
> > > I don't know if VGL and VESA will do it - it
> > handles
> > > the 'splash' modules ok, but this module would
> > require
> > > sysctl's to tell the module to display the next
> > icon,
> > > e.g.
> > > Starting Network (greyed out icon)
> > > Network Started ok (Coloured icon)
> > > Network Start Failed (Coloured with cross through
> > it)
> > > 
> > > Has anyone seen anything like this?
> > > Is anyone keen?
> > 
> [ ... ]
> > You may be able to use a combination of splash.ko
> > and a custom X program to do what you want.
> > 
> > -- Josh
> > 
> > > 
> > > Claire
> Hmm. Starting X(albeit minimal) is not what I'm after,
> as it needs to appear as soon as the kernel is loaded
> - directly after the POST screen...
> The filesystem isn't mounted for a while after that,
> as the kernel detects hardware, and sets out
> resources, etc, and I'd like that to be
> graphical(represented, at least)
> 
> It's worth consideration though, if nothing else
> happens...

If you want a graphical dmesg, that's probably not going to be that
useful. Will anyone *care* about 5 seconds of text?

If you still want to cover it up, what you can do is put a splash
screen up and then start a small X server ASAP (probably in /etc/rc).

That's the closest you're going to get to what you want.

-- Josh

> 
> Claire
> 
> 
> 
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Re: umask

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 14, 2003 at 08:25:15PM +0200 or thereabouts, Antoine Jacoutot wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> On Thursday 14 August 2003 20:19, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > 066 will be *more* secure than 022.
> 
> I know that :)
> 
> > This is because a umask is deducted from the default permission bits of 666
> > (or 777 for executables) on new files. So a umask of 022 will cause new
> > files to have a mode of 600 or 711.
> 
> Yes I know, I was just wondering why the default behaviour was not very 
> secure.
> 
> > * 077  (600 or 700 -- most secure)
> 
> So, if I set umask to 077, this is OK, right ? Is there ANY cons ?

None of the files you create, by default, will be accessible -- at all -- to
anyone but yourself. You have to watch out for this if you're running a web/ftp
server when you put files in the document root, for example.

> 
> Thanks a lot for your answer Joshua.

No trouble.

-- Josh

> 
> Antoine
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v1.2.2 (FreeBSD)
> 
> iD8DBQE/O9QOY3Hnhkr+5cQRAnI6AJ4r4/ChIy/cDAqv2ZHrBCnDu2HotACeK5jx
> CBnqmfxoTPvdT4rZIUs8s0U=
> =sw1f
> -END PGP SIGNATURE-
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Re: Using bc in bash script

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 14, 2003 at 12:58:01PM -0500 or thereabouts, Stephen Hilton wrote:
> On Thu, 14 Aug 2003 18:34:25 +0100
> Jez Hancock <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > On Thu, Aug 14, 2003 at 12:23:34PM -0500, Stephen Hilton wrote:
> > > On Thu, 14 Aug 2003 12:11:55 -0500
> > > "Charles Howse" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > > 
> > > > > Charles,
> > > > > 
> > > > > This will set bc precision to 5 decimal places:
> > > > > 
> > > > > et=`echo "scale=5 ; $end_time - $start_time" | bc`
> > > > 
> > > > Ohhh, I was really hoping on that one...but no, it still reports 0
> > > > seconds.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Sorry I jumped the gun there, the scale is needed for this to work 
> > > but the "date +%s" willonly resolve into whole seconds after reading 
> > > the date man page.
> > > 
> > > I sure am curious as to how to solve this also, the /usr/bin/time 
> > > command man page says this:
> > > 
> > > -snip--
> > > DESCRIPTION
> > >  The time utility executes and times the specified utility.  After the
> > >  utility finishes, time writes to the standard error stream, (in seconds):
> > >  the total time elapsed, the time used to execute the utility process and
> > >  the time consumed by system overhead.
> > > -snip--
> > > 
> > > So that looks like seconds only also.
> > The precision is in hundredths of a second as I understand it from
> > playing with time(!):
> > 
> > #!/bin/sh
> > time_file=tmp.time
> > time="time -a -o $time_file"
> > $time cat /var/log/messages >/dev/null 2>&1
> > $time cat /var/log/maillog >/dev/null 2>&1
> > awk '{sum+=$1}END{print sum}' $time_file
> > rm $time_file
> > 
> > which outputs:
> > 
> > [18:34:03] [EMAIL PROTECTED] /home/munk# sh tmp.sh
> > 0.01
> > 
> > This simple script just times each cat command and appends the output from
> > time to the $time_file, then prints out the sum of the first columns of
> > the time outputs found in the time file. 
> > 
> > Just an idea.
> > -- 
> 
> Jez,
> 
> Your shell script works fine for me, resolving to 100th's of a second.
> 
> Looks like a good answer for Charles :-)
> 
> I still am wondering why the date command does not have a format 
> string for seconds (down to 100th's) like "+%ss" and also why 
> the time command stops at 100th's when other programs resolve 
> time to 5 or 6 decimal places ?

All the good % things are taken :-)

Here are three ways of doing it:

% cat > gettimeofday.c <<'EOF'
#include 
#include 

int main() {
struct timeval tv;
struct timezone unused;

gettimeofday (&tv, &unused);

printf ("%li.%li\n", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
return 0;
}
EOF
% cc -o gettimeofday gettimeofday.c
% ./gettimeofday; echo hello, world; ./gettimeofday
1060886109.667054
hello, world
1060886109.687446

% gettimeofday() {
> perl -MTime::HiRes=gettimeofday -e '($sec, $usec) = gettimeofday(); print $sec, 
> ".", $usec, "\n"'
> }
% gettimeofday; echo hello, world; gettimeofday
1060886661.274900
hello, world
1060886661.313071

% gettimeofday2() {
> perl <<'EOF'
> $now = pack ("LL", ());
> syscall (116, $now, 0) != 1 or die "gettimeofday: $!";
> @now = unpack ("LL", $now);
> print $now[0], ".", $now[1], "\n";
> EOF
> }
% gettimeofday2; echo hello, world; gettimeofday2
1060887546.767676
hello, world
1060887546.938097

% rm gettimeofday gettimeofday.c
% unset gettimeofday
% unset gettimeofday2

The first one (the C program) works anywhere but you have to compile it.
The second one (perl -MTime::HiRes...) works if you have either Time::HiRes from CPAN 
or perl>=5.8.
The third one (perl ... syscall 116 ...) is specific to FreeBSD/i386 and a bit slower, 
but it works.

HTH

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks for sharing the info,
> 
> Stephen Hilton
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: signal 4 during buildworlds

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 11, 2003 at 12:36:26PM -0400 or thereabouts, Bill Moran wrote:
> Hey,
> 
> I'm getting sig 4 (core dumped) trying to buildworld.  The has occurred 3 
> times now,
> at different places in the build.
> 
> I'm used to seeing unreliable hardware cause sig 11's like this.  But this 
> has been
> a sig 4 each time.  Can someone interpret this for me?  Should I interpret 
> the sig 4
> the same as I would sig 11?

Signal 4  is SIGILL.
Signal 11 is SIGSEGV.

Same difference (okay, not really, but treat it the same).

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> Bill Moran
> Potential Technologies
> http://www.potentialtech.com
> 
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Re: FreeBSD loader and Linux

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 11, 2003 at 10:55:18AM -0400 or thereabouts, John McDonnell wrote:
> I am not an expert and am rather new to the FreeBSD world though I have had
> some previous expieriance with Linux. Did you install Lilo at all? I think
> that when you install Linux, you have to install a boot loader with it, in
> the Linux partition and not the MBR if you don't want to over-write your
> current boot loader. I may be mistaken, and I'm sure someone will correct
> me if I'm wrong.

No, that's correct. You must install either LILO or GRUB in your Linux partition.

(Side note: I have two hard drives -- ad0 has linux (from scratch) and ad2 has FBSD 
5.0.
 I made ad2 dangerously-dedicated (silly me!) so neither GRUB nor LILO will work in 
ad0.
 So I had to make a boot floppy.)

> 
> Also, this is my first post to the mailing list, so if there is a format or
> something that I'm supposed to follow, please let me know.

You're fine, but please quote the text you're replying to. Thanks!

-- Josh

> 
> Sincerely,
> John D. McDonnell
> 
> ---
> John D. McDonnell
> Goroth Computing
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ( freebsd )
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ( normal )
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Re: fsck -F

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 02:51:00PM +1000 or thereabouts, Andy Farkas wrote:
> Joshua Oreman wrote:
> 
> > > fsck already runs at boot.
> >
> > Yes. But they won't run if the filesystem is marked ``clean''.
> 
> Why would you want to fsck a clean disk?  During every boot???
> 
> > Actually, what shutdown -F does is touch /forcefsck. (In a similar vein,
> > shutdown -f touches /fastboot). The rc scripts check this and add appropriate
> > flags to the invocation of fsck (or in the case of /fastboot don't invoke it).
> 
> You must be talking about another OS. FreeBSD's shutdown doesnt have -F or -f flag.

I was giving the example in Linux that the OP asked about, so they could implement
it under FBSD if they wanted. I said that in my mail, in the part you trimmed.

One would check for the existence of /forcefsck in the rc scripts and, if it was there,
run fsck *for that one boot* even if the filesystems were clean. Then /forcefsck would
be removed so it didn't happen on the next boot.

Shutdown *could* be patched to add an option for this if it was implemented in the rc
scripts.

Why one would want to do this, I don't know. But this was what the OP asked.

-- Josh

> 
> --
> 
>  :{ [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
> Andy Farkas
> System Administrator
>Speednet Communications
>  http://www.speednet.com.au/
> 
> 
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Re: umask

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Aug 14, 2003 at 03:42:37PM +0200 or thereabouts, Antoine Jacoutot wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Hi !
> 
> In my way to learn security under FreeBSD, I was wondering if a umask of "066" 
> in login.conf was a good or bad idea ?
> Any thoughs ?
> I mean at first, I can't seem to find why this could be wrong, but I'm sure 
> there's a reason why the default umask is set to 022.

066 will be *more* secure than 022.

This is because a umask is deducted from the default permission bits of 666 (or 777
for executables) on new files. So a umask of 022 will cause new files to have a mode
of 600 or 711.

Here are some good (and not-so-good) umasks, in order of least- to most-secure:
* 000  (666 or 777 -- PLEASE DO NOT USE)
* 022  (644 or 755 -- default)
* 027  (640 or 750 -- pretty good)
* 077  (600 or 700 -- most secure)

Usually people don't do umasks with a 6 because this can leave *only* executable bits
on some parts of the mode; this is not very useful.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> - -- 
> Antoine Jacoutot
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> http://www.lphp.org
> PGP/GnuPG key: http://www.lphp.org/ressources/ajacoutot.asc
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Re: Hi Quick question

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Aug 08, 2003 at 10:52:33PM -0500 or thereabouts, Eric Murphy wrote:

> Is there a command to browse files by pages?  When ever I ls in a
> big dir, I can't shift page up for some reason.  This is very
> annoying =(

Option 1) ls | less #-or-#ls | more
Option 2) press ScrollLock and then up/down arrow or pgup/pgdown

-- Josh

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Re: I forgot my O:line password

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Aug 13, 2003 at 05:46:48PM -0700 or thereabouts, Raymond Jimenez wrote:
> Joshua Oreman wrote:
> >Hi Raymond,
> >
> >Do you have my encrypted O:line password for Wsynet?
> >
> >Or did you drop it when you unlinked me? :-)
> >
> >-- Josh
> >
> >
> 
> O line? If I'm not mistaken, that's on your server... (I think)
> But for services, no, that's gone.

Ah, okay, thanks for the info :-)

> 
> I can relink you if you'd be able to spend some more time in general 
> watching... (as in, don't let a 24-hr netsplit go unnoticed)

Nah, it's okay.

-- Josh

P.S.   `uname -a`: Linux webserver 2.4.20 #3 Wed Jul 16 20:39:31 PDT 2003 i686 
unknown
P.P.S. What channel(s) are you in? (on freenode + Wsynet) You weren't on freenode 
lately.
P.P.P.S.   I'm working on a client-server backup program using Mondo internally. It's 
still in
   the pre-alpha phase but some things (such as module loading and login) are 
working.
   Code @ http://www.get-linux.org/monitas-code/C++/. Some of the classes 
(Command and
   NamedCommand probably) might be useful in other programs. Feel free to rip 
them off :-)
P.P.P.P.S. What do you think of ASM?
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Re: simple sh scripting. How to put a result of a command to avariable?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Aug 11, 2003 at 06:35:17PM -0400 or thereabouts, Constantine wrote:
> Michael Conlen wrote:
> 
> >Constantine wrote:
> >
> >>I am writing a script, which involves unzipping some files. I would 
> >>have to unzip 4 different zip-files from some directory, and I would 
> >>need to unzip them to the directory, which would have the same name 
> >>in it as the original zip-file, i.e. I would like to run something 
> >>like "ls *.zip", have each file name recorded in some variable, and 
> >>do a loop like "unzip $filename[$i] -d $filename[$i].unzipped/". Can 
> >>someone help me with the code? How can I put the results of a command 
> >>to a variable? 
> >
> >If I understand you properly I think the following would do what you want
> >
> >#!/bin/sh
> >for i in `ls *.zip`
> >do
> >   unzip ${i} -d ${i}.unzipped
> >done 
> 
> Thank you very much indeed! Seems just what I wanted. But can I save the 
> archive names in an array for further manipulation? Also, how can I type 
> that apostrophe ` from my keyboard?

For the array I think you do need bash. I'm not familiar with arrays in shell;
someone else may be able to help you there.

As far as the backquote (`), it seems you answered your own question by typing
it into your email. (But the backquote is on the tilde (~) key, if you don't
push shift).

-- Josh

> 
> Cheers,
> Constantine.
> 
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Re: Xserver - non root startup error

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Aug 02, 2003 at 10:23:11AM +0300 or thereabouts, Alex Zivenko wrote:
> Hi all!
> When I am starting My X server like non root - it gives me an error
> containing:
> error in locking authority file
> .Xauthority
> But when i am a root - all perfect.
> What's the problem.
> I' sorry for my English

su
rm -f /home/USERNAME/.Xauthority*
exit
startx

Obviously replace USERNAME with your username.

-- Josh

> 
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Re: emacs - gnu, x ...?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 31, 2003 at 05:22:40PM -0500 or thereabouts, george donnelly wrote:
> I'd like to start getting into emacs, but there are so many versions and
> variations that I'm not sure which one to install from ports, eg we have gnu
> emacs and xemacs.
> 
> which emacs should i install, use and learn?

XEmacs, all the way. Though you may hear differently from others.

-- Josh

> 
> <-->
> george donnelly ~ http://www.zettai.net/ ~ "Quality Zope Hosting"
> Shared and Dedicated Zope Hosting ~ Zope Servers ~ Zope Websites
> Yahoo, AIM: zettainet ~ MSN: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~ ICQ: 51907738
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Re: Newbie problems with X11, Xf86

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 31, 2003 at 01:06:11PM -0400 or thereabouts, Benjamin Gonzalez wrote:
> I installed X-Free86 - 4.2.0_1,1 from my  Free BSD Cd using sysinstall and
> cannot get it to run.  I see the directory X11R6 under /usr, I run
> 'xf86config' and it says 'command not found'.  I typed 'XFree86 -configure'
> and it also says 'command not found'.  I've looked for a file called
> /etc/X11/XFree86Config and it says 'No such file or directory'.
> 
> I went back through sysinstall and reinstalled the X11 packages including
> XFree86-4.2.0 and still I get the above results.
> 
> Could someone please explain what I am doing wrong, this is becoming
> frustrating.

You didn't set your $PATH. Put this in your ~/.cshrc:
setenv PATH $PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin
(or if you're using bash, put this in your ~/.bashrc:
 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin
).

As for the config file, try this (as root):
# cd /root
# PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin XFree86 -configure

The screen should go black for a few seconds and the monitor
will click some. When it's all over you should have a file called
XF86Config.new (or some similar name). Try to start X with it
(as root for this test):
# PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin XFree86 -xf86config /root/XF86Config*

You should see a big gray screen with an X cursor in the middle.
(That's the mouse). Try moving the mouse to make sure the mouse works.
Try switching back to the text console (Ctrl+Alt+F1) and type as root:
# PATH=$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin DISPLAY=:0 xterm &

Switch back to X (Ctrl+Alt+F9) and there should be a "window" with
a terminal emulator in it. (It's just a box, no title bar or anything;
there isn't a window manager running. Yet.) Try typing some stuff in to
make sure the keyboard works.

Now kill the X server with Ctrl+Alt+Backspace.

If anything didn't work, mail the mailing list about it.

Otherwise, you're free to install a WM (I recomment /usr/ports/x11-wm/icewm,
you may prefer /usr/ports/x11/kde3). Edit your ~/.xinitrc file and put
this line in if you installed iceWM (replacing any other lines):
  exec icewm
or this one if you installed KDE (again replacing any other lines):
  exec startkde

Have fun!

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks.
> 
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Re: DNS server

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Jul 30, 2003 at 04:07:37PM -0600 or thereabouts, Jerry M. Howell II wrote:
> >hi
> > 
> >how i can install and configure DNS server in freeBSD???plzz tell me
> >step by step
> 
> It's outlined in many howto's and the handbook as well as google. Also
> the are some classes out there. If you work at it hard enough you might
> be suprised how easy it is to set up.

Check out the "DNS HOWTO" at www.tldp.org. Has a few Linuxisms but still very good.

-- Josh

> -- 
> Jerry M. Howell II
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Re: NVIDIA Driver problem solved, but now cannot mount MSDOSFS?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Jul 30, 2003 at 02:52:09PM -0700 or thereabouts, RexFelis wrote:
> To the people who made the suggestion that solved
> my problem, I offer my gratitude and thanks.  My
> goal is to be able to play Neverwinter Nights on
> FreeBSD, so I don't need Linux or Windows
> anymore.  That problem has been solved.
> 
> Now I have attempted to mount my Windows
> partition, FAT32, so I could copy across the game
> files, and I get this message when I boot:
> 
> mount: exec mount_msdosfs not found in /sbin,
> /usr/sbin: no such file or directory.
> 
[ ... ]
> Just to clear up this possible suggestion,
> Windows 2000 is installed on the first partition
> of the first hard disk.  /dev/ad0s1 worked before
> I CVSUPped and built world.
> 
> Once again... thank you all for your help.  I
> hope I have not forgotten any information to
> include in my tiredness.

Try replacing `msdosfs' with just `msdos' and uncomment
the line. Reboot or `mount -a'.

-- Josh

> 
> Shannon
> 
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Re: DVD Writer

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Jul 29, 2003 at 12:26:33PM -0500 or thereabouts, Darryl Hoar wrote:
> Greetings,
> I need to back up larger amounts of data.  More than a CD-R could
> handle.  I don't want to do tape as the drives are expensive.  
> 
> What is a good DVD writer drive to use with FreeBSD for the 
> purpose of backing up data ?  I am building a box so I would
> use a new version of FreeBSD.

Use 5.x and get the Sony DRU500A (I think that's it; the internal IDE one with
all the bells and whistles). Works perfectly for me.

-- Josh

> 
> thanks,
> Darryl
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Re: Calling all raid experts

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Jul 29, 2003 at 10:26:19AM -0500 or thereabouts, Darryl Hoar wrote:
> Greetings,
> I need to build a file server for our marketing departments documents
> and images.  I want to use Freebsd.  Since the data is large, and
> backups would be difficult I was wondering if RAID would be a solution.
> 
> I thought that RAID 5 would be the ticket, but after reading up on it,
> maybe not.
> 
> Isn't RAID 5 the one where if a disk fails, you plug a new one it and it
> regenerates the lost data ?

You have two main choices: RAID-1 and RAID-5.

If N is the number of disks and M is the size of the smallest disk, then...

RAID-1 will give you M amount of space. As long as one disk still works, you
can have multiple disks fail at the same time; just replace them and your
data's back. Reads execute at N times the speed of single-drive reads. Writes
are normal speed.

RAID-5 will give you M*(N-1) amount of space. If one disk fails, you can replace
it with no loss of data. But if two disks fail at the same time, your data's toast.
Reads execute at about N times the speed of single-drive reads. Writes
are slower than normal speed.

-- Josh

> 
> thanks,
> Darryl
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Re: Linux emulation questions (was Re: tv-out under FreeBSD R4.8)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Jul 29, 2003 at 04:43:13PM +0200 or thereabouts, dick hoogendijk wrote:
> On 29 Jul Antoine Jacoutot wrote:
> > On Tuesday 29 July 2003 14:03, Franz Stieber wrote:
> > I have a GeForce TI 4200 and TV out works great :)
> > > [ ... ]
> > I'm using it under FreeBSD-4.8 with Linux emulation with no problem
> > (and this is a very nice piece of software).
> 
> Nice information, which makes me wonder..
> 
> I'd always waned to know if it is simply possible to just run (linux)
> programs under linux emulation. If so, HOW do you install those linux
> proggies? Do I do some kind of chroot and install them in the "linux
> part" of the system?

Just get some binaries and put them wherever you want. Shared libraries
must go in /compat/linux/lib or /compat/linux/usr/lib.

> 
> I want to experiment with some linux stuff under freeBSD. Is this
> possible. And you need (linux) binaries I presume.. No tarballs?

-- [off topic starts here] --
If you want something REALLY fun, try making a Linux from Scratch system
on FBSD. You'll need to make two cross-compilers first: one 
build = FreeBSD host = FreeBSD  target = Linux
and one
build = FreeBSD host = Linuxtarget = Linux
(Linux emulation)

Not for the faint of heart. (I couldn't do this, so maybe this is all wrong).
-- [off topic  ends  here] --

For sane people, no tarballs, just binaries. :-)

But yes, just put the programs wherever you want.

But they must be branded:
$ brandelf -f 3 myprog

-- Josh
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Re: booting in graphical mode in fluxbox

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 28, 2003 at 10:19:49PM -0700 or thereabouts, Charlie Schluting wrote:
> On Mon, 28 Jul 2003, marlon corleone wrote:
> 
> > how do i boot graphically in fluxbox?
> >
> > im booting up fluxbox in startx method, if i want to
> > boot it in graphical mode, should i COMMENT this
> > entry:
> >
> > exec /usr/X11R6/bin/fluxbox in my .xinitrc  and put
> > the entry in .xsession, is that all i have to do?
> 
> Just try it and find out!
> 
> But yes, you only need to put it in your .xinitrc. I don't even have a
> .xsession.. so I'm not sure what its for.
> 
> I've never actually used exec to start a wm, just put:
> fluxbox &
> in .xinitrc, along with other things I want to start.

Here's the Right Way(TM) to do this:
echo '#! /bin/sh' > ~/.xsession
cat ~/.xinitrc >> ~/.xsession
chmod +x ~/.xsession
# edit /etc/ttys and uncomment the line for xdm
su root -c 'kill -HUP 1'  # or reboot

-- Josh

> 
> --Charlie
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Re: whats COMPAT_LINUX for?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 06:30:12PM -0700 or thereabouts, Kris Kennaway wrote:
> On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 06:25:38PM -0700, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 04:47:19PM -0700 or thereabouts, Kris Kennaway wrote:
> > > On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 03:19:36PM -0700, marlon corleone wrote:
> > > > whats COMPAT_LINUX for in NOTES, cant find man pages
> > > > about this. and also is it ok if to remove from kernel
> > > > config this two lines:
> > > 
> > > (freebsd-isp removed since this is off-topic for there).
> > > 
> > > It compiles in Linux binary compatibility, also available as the
> > > linux.ko kernel module.
> > > 
> > > > device  scbus   # SCSI bus (required)
> >^^
> > > > device   da
> > > > 
> > > > since i have ni scsi device
> > > 
> > > Yes (you'll have to remove any other devices that depend on SCSI
> > > support, e.g. umass).
> > 
> > Eh? `da' can be removed, but I seem to remember some kernel compile
> > failures from no `scbus'.
> 
> Only if you have other devices that depend on SCSI support, e.g. umass.

Then why does it say (required) in the comment?

IIRC:
* most umass failures are caused by lack of `da'
* some kcompile failures (no SCSI devs) are caused by lack of `scbus'

-- Josh

> 
> Kris


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Re: whats COMPAT_LINUX for?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 04:47:19PM -0700 or thereabouts, Kris Kennaway wrote:
> On Sun, Jul 27, 2003 at 03:19:36PM -0700, marlon corleone wrote:
> > whats COMPAT_LINUX for in NOTES, cant find man pages
> > about this. and also is it ok if to remove from kernel
> > config this two lines:
> 
> (freebsd-isp removed since this is off-topic for there).
> 
> It compiles in Linux binary compatibility, also available as the
> linux.ko kernel module.
> 
> > device  scbus   # SCSI bus (required)
   ^^
> > device   da
> > 
> > since i have ni scsi device
> 
> Yes (you'll have to remove any other devices that depend on SCSI
> support, e.g. umass).

Eh? `da' can be removed, but I seem to remember some kernel compile
failures from no `scbus'.

-- Josh

> 
> Kris


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Re: Announce Broken Ports

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Jul 25, 2003 at 02:00:07PM -0300 or thereabouts, Leonardo Lazarte wrote:
> 
> As seen in several messages to this and other lists, the PORTS
> mecanism has been broken.

It only seems so because of the dependency on pkg_info -O.

> 
> I have read about some patches and possible solutions, but I
> could not find an easy way to overcome the problem.

CVSup /usr/src, cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/pkg_info, make install clean.

> 
> Shouldn't it be announced clearly, on the FreeBSD site, that
> there is a problem with PORTS, perhaps pointing to some
> temporary solution, until the problem is solved?

NO, IMO that would be quite inappropriate. The fix is simple.

(It *would* be nice if someone could change bsd.port.mk to only
 use pkg_info -O if ${OSRELDATE} >= 48, however :-)

> 
> I have used FreeBSD for a decade, and it is the first time
> that I have to change the OS version due to problems broght
> from the distributions.

A decade? Nope.

Now -- July 2003
1.0 -- November 1993

So no, there HASN'T been a decade of FreeBSD. (I'm sure there'll be
a party in November :-)

-- Josh

> 
> Leonardo
> 
> --
> Leonardo Lazarte   - [EMAIL PROTECTED]  Vox. +55(61)349 4923
> Dep. de Matematica - Univ. de BrasiliaFax. +55(61)273 2737 ou 274 3910
> Nucleo de Estudos da Sociedade da Informacao http://www.socinfo.unb.br
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Re: Help with Pine

[Joshua Oreman]

[Please keep messages on the list]

On Fri, Jul 18, 2003 at 03:39:33PM -0400, Benjamin Gonzalez wrote:
> Thanks for your help but unfortunately it still says not found.
> 
> "/usr/local/bin/pine: not found"
> 
> I appreciate the trouble you took in responding, if you can offer any
> further advice it is appreciated.

Try ls -d /var/db/pkg/pine*; if that says no such file or directory, no
match, or anything along those lines, you did not install Pine. If you
have the ports tree and an Internet connection, cd /usr/ports/mail/pine
&& make install.

HTH,
-- Josh

> 
> Thanks
> 
> Ben.
> 
> On 7/18/03 3:21 PM, "Joshua Oreman" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, Jul 18, 2003 at 03:15:56PM -0400, Benjamin Gonzalez wrote:
> >> I am new with Unix and Free BSD.  I am trying to use a mail program within
> >> free bsd, I figure I should be able to type in pine and have it come up.  I
> >> loaded a version of pine I saw in the extra packages that came with my
> >> distribution disk of free bsd.  I am sure it loaded, but when I type in pine
> >> it says "pine: not found".  Any help is greatly appreciated
> > 
> > try /usr/local/bin/pine -- maybe /usr/local/bin is not in your $PATH
> > 
> > -- Josh
> > 
> >> 
> >> Thanks
> >> 
> >> Ben
> >> 
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Re: Lynx not found (was: Newbie with problem)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 12, 2003 at 01:23:48PM -0400 or thereabouts, Benjamin Gonzalez wrote:
> I have been trying to run the Lynx web browser it tells me "Command not
> found", is Lynx not part of the base installation for Free BSD?

Correct, it must be installed from ports.
cd /usr/ports/www/lynx && make install   # as root, of course

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks for any responses.
> 
> Ben
> 
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Re: CDRECORD (IDE DRIVE FREEBSD 5.0)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 12, 2003 at 08:10:17AM + or thereabouts, Edy Lie wrote:
> There is no cd0 device ...

It doesn't show up, but it will work.
Do `cdrecord -scanbus' to figure out what cdrecord likes to call its
drive.

-- Josh

> 
> The following is the content of the dmesg output
> 

>
> On Sat, 2003-07-12 at 08:05, Mike Maltese wrote:
> > Check dmesg for a cd0 device. atapicam worked great with my HP 8100 and
> > Plextor CD-R drives.
> > 
> > > Greetings,
> > >
> > > Is there a way to use cdrecord with an ATAPI cdrom burner?
> > > I have enabled the following devices in the kernel but still no luck.
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Re: Mail server (was: no subject)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Jul 11, 2003 at 09:05:05PM -0500 or thereabouts, Chris wrote:
> I would like to do a mail server. Please uggest a safe, secure way of doint 
> mail via smtp and pop. I don't want to use any sorta webmail.

You have 4 big choices as far as SMTP goes:

1) sendmail.
   The ubiquitous MTA; included w/FreeBSD; somewhat difficult to configure
   (though *much* better now than it once was); notoriously insecure (though
   still quite good), quite reliable.

2) Postfix.
   In ports; good alternative to Sendmail; probably the second most common
   MTA; simple to configure; secure but not bulletproof; reliable.

3) Exim.
   In ports; very similar to Sendmail (though much easier to configure);
   not as common as the others; secure but not bulletproof; reliable enough
   (I haven't used it, at least not for very long).

4) qmail.
   In ports; pretty much bulletproof (the author will give you $500 if you
   find an eexploitable hole); not much configuration to do; building it
   is a bit "different" (but the port helps you there); probably has the
   best support for the new Maildir format; quite unlike Sendmail in several
   ways; extremely reliable.

My favorites: qmail, then Postfix, then Sendmail, then Exim.
(I use qmail currently.)

For POP, you could either use qmail-pop3d or qpopper. I'm sure there are
others but those are good. (Note that qpopper 2.53 has some security bugs;
make sure you use at least 3.0).

-- Josh

> 
> TIA
> -- 
> 
> Best regards,
>  Chris
> __
> 
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Re: Advise on data recovery from failed drive

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 12, 2003 at 01:19:32AM +0200 or thereabouts, Per olof Ljungmark wrote:
> I've had a drive crash where the spindle motor bearings overheated and 
> got stuck.
> Using mild violence I now have the drive spinning again and need to do 
> some data recovery.
> 
> It has to be something that is able to handle read errors without stopping,
> I am thinking dd, any other suggestions?

dd if=/dev/FAILED of=/dev/SPARE conv=noerror bs=32k

The conv=noerror does it.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks,
> Per olof
> 
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Re: /usr/ports/www/graphics/png install error

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 12, 2003 at 12:31:55AM +0200 or thereabouts, dick hoogendijk wrote:
> On 11 Jul Thomas T. Veldhouse wrote:
> 
> > I often upgrade all of my ports to the latest revision with just
> > portupgrade -ra
> 
> Is that enough? Shouldn't this be "portupgrade -rRa" ?

IMO, since you already have -a (all), you don't need -r or -R.
(Someone correct me if I'm wrong :-)

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> dick -- http://www.nagual.st/ -- PGP/GnuPG key: F86289CE
> ++ Running FreeBSD 4.8 ++ Debian GNU/Linux (Woody)
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Re: ssh dump What is blowfish?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 12, 2003 at 08:57:34AM +1200 or thereabouts, Jonathan Chen wrote:
> On Fri, Jul 11, 2003 at 01:27:10PM +, DanB wrote:
> > # /sbin/dump -0uan -f - /usr | gzip -2 | ssh1 -c blowfish \
> >   [EMAIL PROTECTED] dd
> > of=/mybigfiles/dump-usr-l0.gz
> > What is the blowfish? I s this the users name?  File name?
> > 
> 
> Try the man-pages. blowfish(3) will give you some info.

No, it won't. (5.0)

-- Josh

> -- 
> Jonathan Chen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> --
> "If you wish your merit to be known, acknowledge that of other people"
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Re: [Mondo-devel] gif logo for php forum

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Jul 11, 2003 at 05:50:22PM +0100 or thereabouts, Hugo Rabson wrote:
> Groovy!

BTW, this is also the logo in the XMondo About box... if you can figure
out where to put it so KDE can find it ;-)

Right now it's not installed w/XMondo: I don't know where KDE searches
for stuff like that. But if you cd mondo-devel/mondo/xmondo; ./xmondo &
you'll see it. (It's 209x78 in that dir, I think: I did a scale w/GIMP).

Do you recognize the "old" Mondo logo?

-- Josh

> 
> > > Does anyone feel like whipping up a 200x90 GIF for the PHP forum?
> > 
> > Don't make fun of it :-)
> > [Attached]
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Re: make continent

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Jul 11, 2003 at 05:30:37PM +0100 or thereabouts, Jonathan wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> Yes, a rather strange subject I grant you, but...
> 
> Having been using FreeBSD for a fair few years now, I quite happily do a 
> buildworld every now and then but one of the mysteries for me is how to 
> rebuild parts of the OS in isolation.
> 
> My only interest in this is when a security update comes out and it 
> might only affect a certain part of the source tree.
> 
> I appreciate that in the BSD model, the idea is that a widget can get 
> changed and making world will allow the new features of that widget to 
> permeate to all code, but is there any information on how to go into the 
> various "continents" and build those on their own?

cd /usr/src/my-continent && make && make install

If you want to be able to do this:
cd /usr/src && make continent=my-continent
submit a PR :-)

-- Josh

> 
> - J
> 
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Re: Anyone able to run e2fsck

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 10, 2003 at 03:50:19PM +0930 or thereabouts, W. Sierke wrote:
> I just can't get e2fsck to run on my 4.8 system. As mentioned in a previous
> thread, after a crash I had to resort to booting with tomsrtbt and ran what
> appears to be the same version of e2fsck. Now, with the box back up and
> running, I still can't run e2fsck under BSD.
> 
> I'm therefore interested to hear from anyone who is able to run it and/or
> has any suggestions as to why I might be having problems. The ext2fs
> partitions happen to be in a DOS extended partition, hence they appear on my
> system as:
> 
> /dev/ad0s5 and
> /dev/ad0s6
> 
> # e2fsck /dev/ad0s5
> e2fsck 1.27 (8-Mar-2002)
> The filesystem size (according to the superblock) is 1281175 blocks
> The physical size of the device is 0 blocks
> Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt!
> Abort? yes
> 
> and similar result for ad0s6. Having run e2fsck from tomsrtbt, they are now
> mounting fine and the system is running normally, but I'd prefer to not have
> to resort to booting under linux to maintain these volumes if possible.

There is a bug in the e2fsprogs port.
The fact that they are getting 0 blocks implies that they are not getting
good results from the disklabel. (Fact: There is none). I looked at the
source code and it seems they don't even try to use the DIOCGMEDIASIZE
ioctl; is there a reason for this?

If you're a programmer, look into it.
If you're not, bug me and I'll do it :-)

-- Josh

> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Wayne
> 
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Re: Changed a filesystem's name -- now system hangs on reboot (help)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 10, 2003 at 03:09:35AM -0400 or thereabouts, Chuck Swiger wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> [ ... ]
> >I've looked through the handbook and tried (unsuccessfully) to reboot into
> >single-user mode or otherwise get to a place where I can either comment out
> >the line in fstab or skip the check -- no luck.
> >
> >Any ideas much appreciated.
> 
> This is when you boot single-user mode off of the install CD, or the FIXIT 
> CD (#2) if you have that around.  Then mount your hard drive's root 
> partition on /mnt (or make something in /tmp), and fix the problem.

Completely unnecessary.

Here's what you do:
Booting [/kernel] in 9 seconds ... 
OK boot -s
...
Enter shell or RETURN for /bin/sh: 
# mount -uw /
# mount /usr
# my_favorite_editor /etc/fstab
# umount /usr
# exit

-- Josh

> 
> -- 
> -Chuck
> 
> 
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Re: [SAGE] FreeBSD 4.4-REL to FreeBSD 4.8-STABLE upgrade problem.

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 08:53:02PM -0500 or thereabouts, Dustin Puryear wrote:
> Before reading below: I am considering a new install rather than an upgrade 
> of our servers. However, now I just want to beat this problem. :)
> 
> At 02:19 PM 7/8/2003 +, Phil Pennock wrote:
> >On 2003-07-08 at 14:09 +, Phil Pennock wrote:
> >> There was a fairly major update to the IDE disk device handlers which
> >> required new device nodes.  Bringing in the new MAKEDEV script and
> >> running that to create the disk devices will probably let you boot on
> >> the new kernel and try to repair things from there.
> >
> >Okay, I'll go get more coffee after sending this.  You noticed this one.
> >Sorry.
> >
> >There are two mergemaster steps, one which does the minimum needed to
> >let the rest of the build continue.
> 
> Yes, I ran 'mergemaster -p' but found that it really only merged my passwd 
> and group files with the new ones. Unless it did some other things behind 
> the scenes then there is no fix here.

mergemaster -p -- run before installworld or (preferably) buildworld -- good.

> 
> >The issue is, as you note, the device stuff.  As I said though, just
> >pull in MAKEDEV manually and run it.  That will fix this.  Either
> >"sh MAKEDEV all" or "sh MAKEDEV ad0" ...
> 
> I keep thinking it's the device stuff myself, but even MAKEDEV didn't do 
> the trick (interesting notes below this stuff):
> 
> # cd /usr/src
> # make update
> # /usr/src/usr.sbin/mergemaster/mergemaster.sh -p
> # make buildworld
> # make buildkernel
> # make installkernel

You might have to installworld before rebooting -- I know I always do.

> # cd /etc
> # mv MAKEDEV MAKEDEV.old
> # cp /usr/src/etc/MAKEDEV .
> # sh MAKEDEV all

  # ls ad4s1* || sh MAKEDEV ad4s1

> # reboot
> 
> Upon reboot I get my favorite lines:
> 
> blah, blah
> blah, blah
> ar0: ...  [...] status: READY subdisks:
>  0 READY ad4: ... at ata2-master UDMA100
>  1 READY ad6: ... at ata3-master UDMA100
> acd0: CDROM ... at ata0-master PIO4
> Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad4s1a
> Root mount failed: 16
> 
> Manual root filesystem specification:
> blah, blah

According to intro(2), error 16 is EBUSY ("Device busy").

I think the kernel is not letting you use a device in the RAID.
After all, it says subdisks:
  ad4
  ad6
and you're trying to boot from ad4. Could that be it?

HTH,
-- Josh

> 
...snip...
> Mounting root from ufs:/dev/ad4s1a
> 
> 
> ---
> Dustin Puryear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Puryear Information Technology, LLC 
> Providing expertise in the management, integration, and
> security of Windows and UNIX systems, networks, and applications.
> 
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Re: USB mouse/keyboard causes kernel panic during boot sequence

[Joshua Oreman]

On Wed, Jul 09, 2003 at 04:38:09PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> Josh,
> 
> Is there an easy way to capture this without me having to handwrite all
> that info down myself?

Unless you have a serial console, no.
However, some kernel programmer on this list may be able to give a function
that enables dumping on a certain device (as a ddb call). Anyone?

-- Josh

> 
> Michael Mercer
> 
> On Wed, 2003-07-09 at 13:19, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > On Tue, Jul 08, 2003 at 01:05:18PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> > > On Tue, 2003-07-08 at 12:11, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > > > On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 11:43:21PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer 
> > > > wrote:
> > > > > Alrighty then,
> > > > > 
> > > > > Ok, after following FAQ 18.13 on the freebsd web site,
> > > > > I've been struggling for the last 4 hours trying to get this thing to
> > > > > dump core but it just won't! I added ad2s1b to the dumpdev in rc.conf
> > > > > and also read about kernel init problems need to have dumpdev added to
> > > > > the loader. So I added it to loader.conf as well. 
> > > > 
> > > > Your swap partition must be at least a few megs bigger than your physical
> > > > RAM.
> > > > 
> > > My swap is 1 Gig. I also changed MAXMEM in my kernel to a much smaller
> > > size... still can not get a dump...
> > 
> > Ah, silly me. Since this is a device probe panic, rc.conf setting dumpdev
> > won't ever happen.
> > 
> > There is one last thing you can do: put
> > options DDB
> > in your kernel config file. Recompile. Reproduce.
> > ddb> trace
> > ... 
> > ddb> continue
> > ...
> > ddb> continue
> > Uptime - 0s
> > Rebooting...
> > 
> > -- Josh
> > 
> > > 
> > > Any ideas?
> > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Anyways, the method it points to is uhci_idone. 
> > > > 
> > > > Thanks!
> > > 
> > > No, thank you for your help!
> > > 
> > > Michael
> > > > 
> > > > -- Josh
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > That's all I can find out at the moment, unless someone can inform me of
> > > > > what I am doing wrong.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Thanks
> > > > > Michael
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > On Mon, 2003-07-07 at 13:03, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > > > > > On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 12:34:48PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer 
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > Anybody?!?!?!
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Hello peoples,
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > I have posted this before and unfortunately I still have this problem.
> > > > > > > During the boot sequence, when it probes for the USB devices, it causes
> > > > > > > a kernel panic (page fault) if there is either (or both) a USB mouse
> > > > > > > and/or keyboard attached.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > If I remove the mouse and keyboard and let it boot up, then connect
> > > > > > > them, they work just fine.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Any ideas?
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
> > > > > > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > > > > > fault virtual address = 0x4
> > > > > > > fault code = supervisor read, page not present
> > > > > > > instruction pointer = 0x8: 0xc02583c4
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > stack pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd20
> > > > > > > frame pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd3c
> > > > > > > code segment= base 0x0, limit 0xf, type 0x1b
> > > > > > > = DPL 0, pres 1, def 32 1, gran 1
> > > > > > > processor eflags= interrupt enabled, resume, IOPC=0
> > > > > > > current process = 0(swapper)
> > > > > > > interrupt mask  = none <- SMP: XXX
> > > > > > > trap number = 12
> > > > > > > panic: page fault
> > > > > > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > > > > > Uptime - 0s
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > That pointer I highlighted is important; it is also kernel-dependent.
> > > > > > Please read FAQ #18.13 to find out how to give us some useful function 
> > > > > > names,
> > > > > > or better yet, a backtrace.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > -- Josh
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > > > Michael Mercer
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > ___
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> > > > > > > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
> > > > > > > To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
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Re: USB mouse/keyboard causes kernel panic during boot sequence

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Jul 08, 2003 at 01:05:18PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> On Tue, 2003-07-08 at 12:11, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 11:43:21PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> > > Alrighty then,
> > > 
> > > Ok, after following FAQ 18.13 on the freebsd web site,
> > > I've been struggling for the last 4 hours trying to get this thing to
> > > dump core but it just won't! I added ad2s1b to the dumpdev in rc.conf
> > > and also read about kernel init problems need to have dumpdev added to
> > > the loader. So I added it to loader.conf as well. 
> > 
> > Your swap partition must be at least a few megs bigger than your physical
> > RAM.
> > 
> My swap is 1 Gig. I also changed MAXMEM in my kernel to a much smaller
> size... still can not get a dump...

Ah, silly me. Since this is a device probe panic, rc.conf setting dumpdev
won't ever happen.

There is one last thing you can do: put
options DDB
in your kernel config file. Recompile. Reproduce.
ddb> trace
... 
ddb> continue
...
ddb> continue
Uptime - 0s
Rebooting...

-- Josh

> 
> Any ideas?
> 
> > > 
> > > Anyways, the method it points to is uhci_idone. 
> > 
> > Thanks!
> 
> No, thank you for your help!
> 
> Michael
> > 
> > -- Josh
> > 
> > > 
> > > That's all I can find out at the moment, unless someone can inform me of
> > > what I am doing wrong.
> > > 
> > > Thanks
> > > Michael
> > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > On Mon, 2003-07-07 at 13:03, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > > > On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 12:34:48PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer 
> > > > wrote:
> > > > > Anybody?!?!?!
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Hello peoples,
> > > > > 
> > > > > I have posted this before and unfortunately I still have this problem.
> > > > > During the boot sequence, when it probes for the USB devices, it causes
> > > > > a kernel panic (page fault) if there is either (or both) a USB mouse
> > > > > and/or keyboard attached.
> > > > > 
> > > > > If I remove the mouse and keyboard and let it boot up, then connect
> > > > > them, they work just fine.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Any ideas?
> > > > 
> > > > > Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
> > > > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > > > fault virtual address = 0x4
> > > > > fault code = supervisor read, page not present
> > > > > instruction pointer = 0x8: 0xc02583c4
> > > >
> > > > > stack pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd20
> > > > > frame pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd3c
> > > > > code segment= base 0x0, limit 0xf, type 0x1b
> > > > > = DPL 0, pres 1, def 32 1, gran 1
> > > > > processor eflags= interrupt enabled, resume, IOPC=0
> > > > > current process = 0(swapper)
> > > > > interrupt mask  = none <- SMP: XXX
> > > > > trap number = 12
> > > > > panic: page fault
> > > > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > > > Uptime - 0s
> > > > 
> > > > That pointer I highlighted is important; it is also kernel-dependent.
> > > > Please read FAQ #18.13 to find out how to give us some useful function names,
> > > > or better yet, a backtrace.
> > > > 
> > > > -- Josh
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Thanks
> > > > > Michael Mercer
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > ___
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> > > > > To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
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Re: Change terminals

[Joshua Oreman]

On Tue, Jul 08, 2003 at 09:14:25AM -0700 or thereabouts, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 10:35:08PM -0700 or thereabouts, Marvin J. Kosmal wrote:
> > 
> > 
> > Question
> > 
> > When you ssh into your work machine from home
> > How or can you change the terminal you are on..
> > 
> > example below
> > 
> > Last login: Mon Jul  7 22:23:50 2003 from clark.lab
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ w
> >  22:31:55 up 4 days,  8:42,  7 users,  load average: 1.16, 1.03, 1.01
> > USER TTY  FROM  LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
> > mkosmal  :0   -Thu13   ?xdm?  14:27   4.09s
> > /usr/bin/icewm-experimental
> > mkosmal  pts/0:0   Thu134days  4days  4days
> > ./setiathome
> > mkosmal  pts/1:0   Thu134days  0.07s  0.07s -bash
> > mkosmal  pts/2:0.0 Thu154days  0.31s  0.28s ssh
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > mkosmal  pts/3:0.0 Thu164days  0.00s  0.00s -bash
> > mkosmal  pts/4:0.0 Thu164days  0.04s  0.04s -bash
> > mkosmal  pts/5pdx-ppp374.pop1. 22:310.00s  0.04s  0.02s w
> > 
> > I did the w.  and am on pts/5
> > 
> > How do I get to pts/0??
> 
> To see what's on it: /usr/sbin/vidcontrol -P < /dev/pts/0
> 
> To "write" to the program that's on it:
> (as root) watch -w /dev/pts/0 (press Ctrl+G to exit)
   ^ Sorry, should be a capital W :(

-- Josh

> 
> -- Josh
> 
> > 
> > 
> > TIA
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > Marvin J. Kosmal
> > Linux Activist
> > Registered User # 88512
> > Brought to by Libranet 2.7
> > 
> > ___
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Re: Change terminals

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 10:35:08PM -0700 or thereabouts, Marvin J. Kosmal wrote:
> 
> 
> Question
> 
> When you ssh into your work machine from home
> How or can you change the terminal you are on..
> 
> example below
> 
> Last login: Mon Jul  7 22:23:50 2003 from clark.lab
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ w
>  22:31:55 up 4 days,  8:42,  7 users,  load average: 1.16, 1.03, 1.01
> USER TTY  FROM  LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
> mkosmal  :0   -Thu13   ?xdm?  14:27   4.09s
> /usr/bin/icewm-experimental
> mkosmal  pts/0:0   Thu134days  4days  4days
> ./setiathome
> mkosmal  pts/1:0   Thu134days  0.07s  0.07s -bash
> mkosmal  pts/2:0.0 Thu154days  0.31s  0.28s ssh
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> mkosmal  pts/3:0.0 Thu164days  0.00s  0.00s -bash
> mkosmal  pts/4:0.0 Thu164days  0.04s  0.04s -bash
> mkosmal  pts/5pdx-ppp374.pop1. 22:310.00s  0.04s  0.02s w
> 
> I did the w.  and am on pts/5
> 
> How do I get to pts/0??

To see what's on it: /usr/sbin/vidcontrol -P < /dev/pts/0

To "write" to the program that's on it:
(as root) watch -w /dev/pts/0 (press Ctrl+G to exit)

-- Josh

> 
> 
> TIA
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Marvin J. Kosmal
> Linux Activist
> Registered User # 88512
> Brought to by Libranet 2.7
> 
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Re: USB mouse/keyboard causes kernel panic during boot sequence

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 11:43:21PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> Alrighty then,
> 
> Ok, after following FAQ 18.13 on the freebsd web site,
> I've been struggling for the last 4 hours trying to get this thing to
> dump core but it just won't! I added ad2s1b to the dumpdev in rc.conf
> and also read about kernel init problems need to have dumpdev added to
> the loader. So I added it to loader.conf as well. 

Your swap partition must be at least a few megs bigger than your physical
RAM.

> 
> Anyways, the method it points to is uhci_idone. 

Thanks!

-- Josh

> 
> That's all I can find out at the moment, unless someone can inform me of
> what I am doing wrong.
> 
> Thanks
> Michael
> 
> 
> 
> On Mon, 2003-07-07 at 13:03, Joshua Oreman wrote:
> > On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 12:34:48PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> > > Anybody?!?!?!
> > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Hello peoples,
> > > 
> > > I have posted this before and unfortunately I still have this problem.
> > > During the boot sequence, when it probes for the USB devices, it causes
> > > a kernel panic (page fault) if there is either (or both) a USB mouse
> > > and/or keyboard attached.
> > > 
> > > If I remove the mouse and keyboard and let it boot up, then connect
> > > them, they work just fine.
> > > 
> > > Any ideas?
> > 
> > > Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
> > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > fault virtual address = 0x4
> > > fault code = supervisor read, page not present
> > > instruction pointer = 0x8: 0xc02583c4
> >
> > > stack pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd20
> > > frame pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd3c
> > > code segment= base 0x0, limit 0xf, type 0x1b
> > > = DPL 0, pres 1, def 32 1, gran 1
> > > processor eflags= interrupt enabled, resume, IOPC=0
> > > current process = 0(swapper)
> > > interrupt mask  = none <- SMP: XXX
> > > trap number = 12
> > > panic: page fault
> > > mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> > > Uptime - 0s
> > 
> > That pointer I highlighted is important; it is also kernel-dependent.
> > Please read FAQ #18.13 to find out how to give us some useful function names,
> > or better yet, a backtrace.
> > 
> > -- Josh
> > 
> > > 
> > > Thanks
> > > Michael Mercer
> > > 
> > > 
> > > ___
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Re: Extended FAT 32

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 06:44:27PM +0200 or thereabouts, Olivier DAVY wrote:
> Hi everybody,
> 
> I would like to know if it is possible to read windows FAT32 partitions 
> that are in the extended partition with FreeBSD  (I got the 5.1) ?

First extended partition:
# mkdir /win
# mount_msdosfs /dev/ad0s5 /win

Replace ad0 with your drive.
If it's not the first, change the s5 -- the second would be s6, the third
s7, etc.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks for your attention,
> 
> olivier
> 
> -- 
> --
>  Olivier DAVY
>  ENSIMAG engineer - HEC alumnus
>  E-mail : [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>  Phone  : +33/(0)1.42.67.19.85
> --
> 
> 
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Re: problem upgrading from 5.0 to 5.1

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 12:42:49PM -0400 or thereabouts, Paul Chvostek wrote:
> 
> I'm confused...
> 
> I've got a box on which 5.0-RELEASE was installed.  I updated the source
> tree using cvsup to RELENG_5_1 and tried to recompile, and now every
> time it gets to bin/cat, it chokes.  The source tree *is* up to date,
> I've tried running `make clean update buildworld` to no avail.  It
> always stops in the same place.  I could do a proper reinstall from an
> ISO, but I'd really like to know what's wrong.
> 
> Any idea what's happening, or where I should look?  I'm stumped.

Those are thread functions, but no -lc_r (or -pthread). Try recvsupping;
someone else will no doubt have a better answer than I did.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks.
> 
> | ===> bin
> | ===> bin/cat
> | cc -O3 -pipe -march=pentiumpro   -Wsystem-headers -Werror -Wall -Wno-format-y2k 
> -Wno-uninitialized -Wformat=2 -Wno-format-extra-args -Werror  -c 
> /var/src/bin/cat/cat.c
> | cc -O3 -pipe -march=pentiumpro   -Wsystem-headers -Werror -Wall -Wno-format-y2k 
> -Wno-uninitialized -Wformat=2 -Wno-format-extra-args -Werror   -static -o cat cat.o
> | /usr/obj/var/src/i386/usr/lib/libc.a(atexit.o): In function `atexit':
> | atexit.o(.text+0xc7): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_unlock'
> | atexit.o(.text+0xd8): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_lock'
> | atexit.o(.text+0xe8): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_unlock'
> | atexit.o(.text+0x109): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_lock'
> | atexit.o(.text+0x11a): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_unlock'
> | atexit.o(.text+0x141): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_lock'
> | /usr/obj/var/src/i386/usr/lib/libc.a(_flock_stub.o): In function `flockfile':
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x10): undefined reference to `_pthread_self'
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x25): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_lock'
> | /usr/obj/var/src/i386/usr/lib/libc.a(_flock_stub.o): In function 
> `_flockfile_debug':
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x60): undefined reference to `_pthread_self'
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x75): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_lock'
> | /usr/obj/var/src/i386/usr/lib/libc.a(_flock_stub.o): In function `ftrylockfile':
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0xb5): undefined reference to `_pthread_self'
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0xca): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_trylock'
> | /usr/obj/var/src/i386/usr/lib/libc.a(_flock_stub.o): In function `funlockfile':
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x10d): undefined reference to `_pthread_self'
> | _flock_stub.o(.text+0x149): undefined reference to `_pthread_mutex_unlock'
> | *** Error code 1
> | 
> | Stop in /var/src/bin/cat.
> |...
> 
> -- 
>   Paul Chvostek <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>   Operations / Abuse / Whatever
>   it.canada, hosting and development   http://www.it.ca/
> 
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Re: USB mouse/keyboard causes kernel panic during boot sequence

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 12:34:48PM -0400 or thereabouts, Michael E. Mercer wrote:
> Anybody?!?!?!
> 
> 
> 
> Hello peoples,
> 
> I have posted this before and unfortunately I still have this problem.
> During the boot sequence, when it probes for the USB devices, it causes
> a kernel panic (page fault) if there is either (or both) a USB mouse
> and/or keyboard attached.
> 
> If I remove the mouse and keyboard and let it boot up, then connect
> them, they work just fine.
> 
> Any ideas?

> Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
> mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> fault virtual address = 0x4
> fault code = supervisor read, page not present
> instruction pointer = 0x8: 0xc02583c4
   
> stack pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd20
> frame pointer   = 0x10: 0xc045fd3c
> code segment= base 0x0, limit 0xf, type 0x1b
> = DPL 0, pres 1, def 32 1, gran 1
> processor eflags= interrupt enabled, resume, IOPC=0
> current process = 0(swapper)
> interrupt mask  = none <- SMP: XXX
> trap number = 12
> panic: page fault
> mp_lock = 0024; cpuid = 0; lapic.id = 
> Uptime - 0s

That pointer I highlighted is important; it is also kernel-dependent.
Please read FAQ #18.13 to find out how to give us some useful function names,
or better yet, a backtrace.

-- Josh

> 
> Thanks
> Michael Mercer
> 
> 
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Re: 4.6-stable : libc.so.4 upgrade to libc.so.6 question

[Joshua Oreman]

On Mon, Jul 07, 2003 at 10:56:32AM -0500 or thereabouts, Kris Yates wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> First of all, I dont think I am subscribed to the list.  Please send 
> your replies directly to my email address, as I dont have time to check 
> the list archives as often as I would like.
> 
> I have a 4.6-stable box, which seems to be running fine.  I installed a 
> PHP extension recently, which requires libc.so.6.  My box currently uses 
> libc.so.4.  Two questions..
> 
> 1)   When I upgrade from libc.so.4 to libc.so.6, do I need to recompile 
> anything like mail or web servers?  I am running php 4.3.2, Apache 1.3, 
> the latest stable postfix port and some other basic  stuff.
> 
> 2)   I assume I upgrade the glib port to upgrade libc.so, right?  What 
> worries me about just "going for it" is the following info from 
> "pkg_version -vv | grep lib":
> 
> glib-1.2.10_5   <   needs updating (port has 1.2.10_9)
> glib-1.3.1  >   succeeds port (port has 1.2.10_9)

Glib has *nothing* to do with libc.

> 
> My last install supercedes the port.  I dont remember why or how.  
> Anyway, I am nervous about breaking something.. it has been awhile.  Can 
> someone show me the light in the way of good advise to safely move to 
> libc.so.6 from libc.so.4 in relation to info herein?  :) Thanks,

The latest version of FreeBSD libc is libc.so.5 (with 5.x). libc.so.6 is
also called glibc-2.x.x, and it's used for Linux. (You can find libc.so.6
in /compat/linux/lib).

You need to enable linux compatibility on your PHP extension.
Run `file /my/extension' -- if it says anything about ELF, run
`brandelf -f 3 /my/extension'. Now running `file /my/extension'
should return something like: [probably not exact]
/my/extension: ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, Intel 80386, version 1 (GNU/Linux)...
The important part  ^^^

Hope this helps!

-- Josh

> 
> Kris
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> 
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Re: staring imapd from command line?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 05, 2003 at 04:04:25PM -0400 or thereabouts, David Loszewski wrote:
> I don't use inetd for security reasons but am now trying to start imapd from the 
> command line, if I do '/usr/local/libexec/imapd &'  this happens: 
> 
> hermes# * OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4REV1 LOGIN-REFERRALS STARTTLS LOGINDISABLED] 
> hermes.bsdadmins.net IMAP4rev1 2003.337 at Sat, 5 Jul 2003 16:07:17 -0500 (EST)
> 
> [1]  + Suspended (tty input) /usr/local/libexec/imapd
> 
> How do I make this work?

Make an /etc/inetd.conf file with one line to start imapd. Sorry, you have to.
Of course, you could use an inetd replacement, like xinetd (from ports).
Another solution would be to install tcpserver (might be part of daemontools)
and use that for a one-program inetd.

Here's why:
Inetd listens on port 143 (for example). When it gets a connection, it starts
/usr/local/libexec/imapd with its stdout going to the network and its stdin
coming from the network. So if you start imapd from the command line, it expects
its stdin to be reading the network. Actually, since inetd wasn't there to
redirect it, it's reading from (and writing to) your terminal.

So: use inetd, xinetd, or tcpserver.

-- Josh

> 
> Dave
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Re: make world issue

[Joshua Oreman]

On Sat, Jul 05, 2003 at 01:49:22AM -0800 or thereabouts, Thanjee Neefam wrote:
> I was playing around with one of my machines (non mission-critical -
> mainly used for experimenting) and I decided to try updating my sources.
> I am running 5.0r. I didn't have any sources on my machine (other than
> kernel) so I used /stand/sysinstall to add all sources. I then used cvsup
> with the standard-supfile to update all sources. I then did a make world,
> make kernel and rebooted.
> 
> When I logged back in again, root no longer had a password, my users were
> gone, and other settings were reset such as the ppp.conf and ttys. Other
> settings like X11/XF86Config were fine. Now I can slowly fix all the
> mixing parts and reedit conf files, but I would just like to know why
> most of them were reset? 
> I think the reason it broke was because /stand/sysinstall overwrote my
> config files when I added all sources. Is this assumption correct?

NO. /stand/sysinstall is quite careful about not overwriting your config
files.

> Or did
> I perhaps lose them at a later stage? Is there someway for this not to
> happen in the future?

You did not read /usr/src/UPDATING. Read the procedure, ALL of it. I think
you forgot to run `mergemaster', or you just said "overwrite everything".

-- Josh

> 
> Cheers,
> Thanjee
> 
> /// [EMAIL PROTECTED] \\\
> AAFE Audio, Amiga and FreeBSD Enthusiast :p
> \ http://www.fastmail.fm //
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Re: Help needed please - Thinkpad A31p & FreeBSD 4.8 Installation(LONG)

[Joshua Oreman]

On Fri, Jul 04, 2003 at 07:23:56PM +1000 or thereabouts, Pisut Tempatarachoke wrote:
> Hi,

Yay -- another installation question :-) Good luck with BSD!

> 
> I've just got my TP A31p and now look forward to installing FreeBSD
> 4.8 (4-CDROM set) on it.  I'm very new to FreeBSD and really hope
> someone could give me some advices.  Thanks a lot in advance.
> 
> The laptop has no floppy drive and came with a 60 GB hard drive which
> consisted of two FAT32 partitions (slices):
> - 55 GB Windows XP Pro and
> - 5 GB IBM recovery partition.
> I used BootIT NG to shrink the XP partition down to 23 GB.  This left
> me with a free space of 32 GB.  Then, I created a 9 GB FAT32 partition
> within the free space hoping to use it as a data partition which can
> be read and written from both XP and FreeBSD.  So, now I have
> - 23 GB Windows XP Pro
> - 9 GB FAT32 for sharing data between OS's
> - 21 GB free space (unformatted) for FreeBSD (I havn't installed it
> yet) and
> - 5 GB IBM recovery partition
> 
> ???My first questions - Is this a sound method of slicing my disk?
> Does the 9 GB FAT32 partition really need to be there?  Am I wrong in
> thinking that FAT32 is accessible from both XP and FreeBSD?

Maybe 9GB is a little big, but I would say definitely have *some* fat32
partition there. Both FBSD and XP can access it. However, considering that
as of now you have no data on either your FAT32 partition or your unformatted
FBSD partition, I would suggest shrinking that FAT32 down to oh, 3gigs or so.
Remember, you'll only need it for data you need to share between FreeBSD and XP.

> 
> I've read posts somewhere that I MUST NOT install FreeBSD boot manager
> during the installation because it will overwrite the master boot
> record (MBR), and as a result XP will be unbootable.

Quite correct.

> I then must
> leave the MBR untouched until I finish with the FreeBSD installation
> and copy /boot/boo1 to another computer on a network (A31p doesn't
> have a floppy drive).  Then, I have to boot from a FreeBSD CD to enter
> FDisk and make sure the XP partition is set bootable.  Reboot it and
> once I'm in XP, I can copy /boot/boot1 from the networked computer to
> C:\BOOTSECT.BSD and include a line
> 
> C:\BOOTSECT.BSD="FreeBSD"
> 
> in my BOOT.INI file.  This will give me a boot-from-FreeBSD-slice
> option the next time I boot my laptop.
> 
> ???My second questions - Is this approach workable?  How do I copy
> /boot/boot1 to another computer on a network?  Can I copy it onto my 9
> GB FAT32 slice instead, as I'm not sure if I will be smart enough to
> set up the LAN connection correctly?  Could I write it onto a blank
> CD?  What are the commands involved?

I would recommend putting it on your fat32 partition. Here's how to do
that (after the installation):

Boot from the FreeBSD CD1, in "Fixit" mode. Use the Emergency Holographic
Shell if you don't have CD2; use Fixit CD if you do have CD2. Press ALT+F2
(or whatever it says to press) to switch to the Fixit prompt. Then do this:
# mkdir -p /mnt/system
# mount /dev/ad0s3a /mnt/my-system
# mkdir -p /mnt/transfer
# mount /dev/ad0s2 /mnt/transfer
# cp /mnt/my-system/boot/boot1 /mnt/transfer/BOOTSECT.BSD
# umount /mnt/transfer
# umount /mnt/system
# exit
Then reboot into XP. You'll find BOOTSECT.BSD on the shared partition.

> 
> ???My third questions - Could someone please suggest how I should
> partition my FreeBSD slice?  As I have 768 MB RAM, here is what I have
> in mind:-
> /  512 MB
> swap  2048 MB
> /var  512 MB
> /tmp  1024 MB
> /usr  Rest of disk
> I have no idea how much disk space I should allocate to /, /var, and
> /tmp.  Can I change them at a later stage?  What are UFS and UFS+S and
> how are they different?

This is a good partitioning layout; here's mine:
Filesystem   Size   Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
/dev/ad2a3.9G   847M   2.7G23%/
/dev/ad2e 63G22G36G38%/usr
/dev/ad2d3.9G   2.8G   799M78%/var

I put /tmp as a symlink to /var/tmp; I suggest you merge /tmp and /var/tmp.

Also notice that I use "dangerously dedicated" partitioning - DON'T DO THAT!
You'll have partition names like /dev/ad0s3X where X is a letter a-h.

To answer your question, you cannot resize the BSD partitions without
backing up all your BSD data, erasing it, and repartitioning it. However,
that would not affect your Windows data.

UFS is the Unix File System -- what BSD uses (XP uses NTFS).
UFS+S is UFS with Softupdates -- it's sort of like journalling, but you
still have to fsck (think ScanDisk).

> 
> ???Forth question - Is it a good idea to just install everything
> during the first installation?  Any recommendations on what I should
> or should not install please?

I recommend installing all the "base" distributions (bin, crypto, games,
man, info, things like that). Which of the "packages" you install is up
to you.

> 
> ???Last questions - During the monitor configuration stage, I have to
> supply the infomation on a) the horizontal sync ra

Re: format of /etc/crontab?

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 03, 2003 at 01:54:36PM -0700 or thereabouts, Rich Morin wrote:
> The cron(8) man page (on my FreeBSD 4.7 system) says:
> 
>Cron searches /var/cron/tabs for crontab files which are named after
>accounts in /etc/passwd; crontabs found are loaded into memory.  Cron
>also searches for /etc/crontab which is in a different format (see
>crontab(5)).
> 
> The crontab(5) man page, however, says nothing about any differences in
> the file formats.  Instead, it appears to describe only the format that
> is used in /var/cron/tabs/* files.
> 
> I would like to know precisely how the format of /etc/crontab differs,
> but I can't find any man page that addresses this.  Help?

Normal crontabs have the time fields, and then the command to run.
/etc/crontab has an additional field after the time fields but before
the command -- the user to run the command as (usually root). This
is said in comments in /etc/crontab.

-- Josh

> 
> -r
> -- 
> email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]; phone: +1 650-873-7841
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Re: Disable PING command

[Joshua Oreman]

On Thu, Jul 03, 2003 at 04:53:17PM -0400 or thereabouts, Mykroft Holmes IV wrote:
> 
> 
> Nucking Futs wrote:
> 
> >How would I go about disabling users command to ping?  If need be I 
> >would be willing to just disable the ping command altogether as a last 
> >resort.
> >
> 
> chmod 700 /usr/bin/ping (or /bin/ping) can't remember where ping lives.

/sbin/ping

Or you could just chmod u-s it... it needs SU privleges so if its not SUID,
uses can't run it. At all.

-- Josh

> 
> Adam
> 
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