Re: mount /unmount

[Subhro Kar]

Hello,

You seem to be new to FreeBSD. In that case , I would recommend you to read the 
Handbook. It is very very good documentation.


On 04-Jul-2011, at 5:58 PM, tethys ocean wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I have 3 question
> 
> is FreeBSD can boot and run all service while one of slice is not mount for
> example /usr slice..

Yes, FreeBSD can run off a single filesystem.

> 
> and second question is my mysql is in /var slice if /var is not mout can I
> access mysql being root and chek all databases also can read log file on
> /var

If /var is on  separate filesystem, then there is no way you can access 
anything inside /var without mounting /var first.

> 
> third question is can I mount any unmount slice by using just fsck  :)

fsck is a utility which is used to check filesystem for consistency. For 
mounting a filesystem you should be using /sbin/mount and for unmounting you 
should use /sbin/unmount.

Thanks
Subhro

Re: Best RAID setup

[Subhro Kar]

On 26-Jan-2011, at 6:26 AM, Don O'Neil wrote:

> I'm getting ready to setup a new FreeBSD 8.1 64 bit server and wanted to
> know everyone's thoughts on which way to go. software RAID 5 (or 10) or
> hardware RAID 5 (or 10).

If you need to select between software and hardware RAID, then by all means go 
for hardware RAID. RAID 10 is always faster than RAID5 and the difference 
really stands out when writing data.

> I currently have a 3Ware card in one of my servers
> and it works great, but I haven't really been keeping up on what the latest
> RAID support is.


All RAID cards (that I have come across) support both RAID 10 and RAID5. So 
there is a fair chance that your card will not disappoint you.
> How is the ZFS support these days? Is it production ready?

ZFS is fine. I use it on my prod boxes and so far there have been no issues.

> What about hardware RAID, is there a compatibility list somewhere with what
> hardware (or pseudo hardware) RAID controllers are supported? 

Didn't get this question though.

> 
> 
> 
> I'm just looking for the most stable, and production ready RAID that can
> handle at least 1 TB disks and create volumes in the 3-4 TB range. Any
> thoughts, feedback, caveats, etc. are welcomed.

You need to RTFM.

Thanks
--
Subhro Kar
Visit my Blog: http://blog.80386.org

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Re: Get access to csh (default freebsd shell) for root to solve login problem.

[Subhro Kar]

On 04-Jul-2010, at 9:48 PM, Thomas Keusch wrote:

> On Sun, Jul 04, 2010 at 05:02:59PM +0100, Luca Renaud wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
>> The root shell is now bash,but I was unaware that bash was not
>> self-contained(it depends at least of libintl.so.8),
>> and doing some upgrades with ports I erased libintl.so.8,now I cannot access
>> the root account because bash is
>> not operational and I need root access to install again libintl.so.8,or any
>> other way to solve the problem.
>> So,how can I get access to csh for root without having access to a root
>> shell(the previously defined bash does
>> not work,and I need root access to change the shell for the root acount).
> 
> if you haven't activated the 'toor' account (another UID 0 account besides
> root), you'll have to boot from fixit media (or another live cd / system) and
> go from there.

I think that would be an overkill. From the su(1) manpage, 

 -m  Leave the environment unmodified.  The invoked shell is your
 login shell, and no directory changes are made.  As a security
 precaution, if the target user's shell is a non-standard shell
 (as defined by getusershell(3)) and the caller's real uid is non-
 zero, su will fail.


So, you could use su -m to switch to root and remain in the same shell as your 
user calling su. Once there, AFAIK, you could use vipw(8) or chsh(1) to change 
the root shell back to csh.

Thanks
Subhro

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Blog: http://80386.org
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Re: Looking for IRC(chat) network with #freebsd channel (English language)

[Subhro Kar]

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

williamkow sat at his 'pewter and typed  on 11/28/07 12:10:
> I have been trying to find a IRC/Chat network which has #FreeBSD channel
> (english), but could get one, although I have read the below links, but
> no help.
> 

how about irc.freenode.net?

Subhro


- --
=========
Subhro Kar
Systems Engineer
Yahoo! Inc.
"Torrey Pines"
Embassy Golf Links Business Park
Off Koramangala - Challaghata Village
Bangalore 560017
India

Ph: +91-80-3077-3699
=


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Re: Cheaper backup mechnism for a server

[Subhro Kar]

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Hello DharneshK,

You can try to create a Mirror using RAID. You can either create a
software or a hardware (recommended) managed Mirror. In case of a disk
crash you still have a copy of the updated data on the disk.

BTW, please make sure you hit "Reply all" instead of "Reply". this also
keeps the freebsd-questions@ updated which will allow others to look
into this mail and provide a better answer as well as help future users.

Thanks
Subhro


dhaneshk k sat at his 'pewter and typed  on 09/21/07 14:39:
> Hi , subhro,
> 
> i agree with you ,  I need a clarification
> 
> The backup should be the uptodate one , so in case of a disk crash
> (permanent crash) I need the backup upto the last moment , so is ther
> any cheap tools , to do it , so i can save the backups to another
> desktop pc  synchronously (I mean any mechanism for backup through
> online ie ; ssh  OR VPN or like that )  (not manual backing up at each
> moment) can you tell the exact solution .
> 
> If  I am using rsync , I can only do it by a crontab , even though at a
> specfic time only the cron run , if crash occurs after this time then
> the data after the cron will lose  , so which is the right & cheaper
> solution ?
> 
> 
>> From: Subhro Kar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>> To: dhaneshk k <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>> CC: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
>> Subject: Re: Cheaper backup mechnism for a server
>> Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2007 14:26:55 +0530
>>
> Hello,
> 
> dhaneshk k sat at his 'pewter and typed  on 09/21/07 13:55:
>> Hi ;
> 
>> A general question pls excuse me
> 
>> can any body suggest a backup mechanism for a server machine , which
> has
>> a web portal , email server ,PgSQL database 4GB size , DNS server,
>> Mailman , and a mediawiki applications running in a single machine .
> 
>> Can you suggest good solutions , for the server Backup mechanismso
>> that I can restore all the data just before the crashing moment .
> 
>> pls share your expertise , it will help me lot  to secure my data in
> the
>> server machine ..
> 
> If you wish to have 0 downtime then the only option is a separate
> failover server. However much you try, if you do not have a separate box
>  to failover to, it is not possible to do a 0 downtime switchover.
> 
> Regarding the backup solution, you can either buy an external Hard Disk
> and back up to it. Alternatively you can back up to tape drives or to
> NFS mounted volumes.
> 
> Thanks
> Subhro
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> _
> Single,planning to marry? Find  the right match @ shaadi.com
> http://ss1.richmedia.in/recurl.asp?pid=202

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Re: Cheaper backup mechnism for a server

[Subhro Kar]

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Hello,

dhaneshk k sat at his 'pewter and typed  on 09/21/07 13:55:
> Hi ;
> 
> A general question pls excuse me
> 
> can any body suggest a backup mechanism for a server machine , which has
> a web portal , email server ,PgSQL database 4GB size , DNS server,
> Mailman , and a mediawiki applications running in a single machine .
> 
> Can you suggest good solutions , for the server Backup mechanismso
> that I can restore all the data just before the crashing moment .
> 
> pls share your expertise , it will help me lot  to secure my data in the
> server machine ..

If you wish to have 0 downtime then the only option is a separate
failover server. However much you try, if you do not have a separate box
 to failover to, it is not possible to do a 0 downtime switchover.

Regarding the backup solution, you can either buy an external Hard Disk
and back up to it. Alternatively you can back up to tape drives or to
NFS mounted volumes.

Thanks
Subhro
- --
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/ The nice thing about Windows is - It \
| does not just crash, it displays a   |
| dialog box and lets you press 'OK'   |
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Re: Good FreeBSD Supported Gigabit Ethernet Card?

[Subhro Kar]

Oliver Hansen wrote:
> I'm looking to eventually upgrade my home network to all gigabit so I'm
> going to start by purchasing a few NICs for some old servers I just
> received. I know there are quite a few supported by FreeBSD6 which I
> found ( http://www.freebsd.org/releases/6.0R/hardware-i386.html#ETHERNET
> ) but I'm wondering if there is any real benefit in buying a $40 or $50
> NIC like the Netgear GA311 or just get a $20 NIC like the D-Link
> DFE-530TX+. The use will probably be a firewall, proxy, file server, and
> DVR.
> 
> 

No offence meant, but why would you like to upgrade a "home" network to
Gbit? Is it required at all?

Subhro


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Re: problems running freebsd 6.0+

[Subhro Kar]

Tom Cruickshank wrote:

Hello,


Hello Tom,


I'm hoping is the correct mailing list for this, if not, please feel
free to direct me to a more appriopriate one.


You are on the correct mailing list :-).
I have a box which I'm trying to run FreeBSD on. I can run FreeBSD 5.4 
on it

without any problems, but if I try run
FreeBSD 6.0 or 6.1, at any point in time while the system is running (could
be on load up or when system is already loaded),
the computer just *freezes*.  The only thing which can be done 
afterwards is

a cold reboot. I hav checked the /var/log/messages
file and haven't been able to find anything wrong.

Hardware specs:

Motherboard: A7N8X-X


The information you have provided is not complete. We would be requiring 
more information to understand what is going wrong. For a start can you 
show us a copy of dmesg and your kernel config file (if you are not 
running a GENERIC kernel).


Thanks and Best Regards
Subhro
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Re: Content filtering

[Subhro Kar]

Loren M. Lang wrote:

Shawn Guillemette wrote:
  
Hello, 

 


I have recently been thinking about adding content filtering to
my FreeBSD fire wall at home as the kids are starting to use the internet
more and they are getting older too ;-) 

 

 


I'm running FreeBSD 4.11 RELEASE using IPFW as my firewall. The system its
running on is an old alpha machine. I was wondering if anyone knew of a port
that I could use to filter some web content from my children. I do have the
X86 option as well Just have to reload the OS and start from scratch on
another system. 

 

Thanks 

Shawn 


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I'd look at squid+squidguard.  Both are opensource and available in ports.

  
How about dansguardian. Also set up a transparent proxy set up so that 
the kids cant get past the proxy settings :-D


Thanks and Best Regards
Subhro

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Re: crontab question involving cvsup

[Subhro Kar]

First of all, you need to read the manual page for cvsup. It is
clearly stated that the option -L shows the amount of verbosity cvsup
maintains. If you are running it from inside a script, then either you
have to
reduce the verbosity to 1 ie, the command will be cvsup -g -L 1 supfile
OR
redirect the output to some file (if you want to look into it later)
or to /dev/null to discard it.

Secondly, You can always set up multiple crontabs. But since you are
using && (ie doo only if prev was successful), that would works if the
output of cvsup is properly dealt with.

Regards

S.


On Thu, 26 Aug 2004 00:07:26 -0700, Joshua Tinnin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> OK, I have searched the archives, and I can't find that my question has
> been answered previously, but please forgive me if that's incorrect.
> 
> I'm using (or rather trying to use) cron to update my ports tree daily.
> I've tried several different combinations without success, and lately
> this is what I have in my crontab file:
> 
> /usr/local/bin/cvsup -g -L 2 /home/krinklyfig/supfiles/ports-supfile
> && /usr/local/bin/portindex && /usr/local/sbin/portsdb -u
> 
> It runs as root once a day. What appears to be happening is that the
> cvsup is happening, but portindex is not, and because of the latter
> portsdb -u doesn't either. The reason I know cvsup is working is
> because portindex indicates that the ports tree has been updated if I
> run it manually later, but running portversion before manually running
> portindex will not indicate any changes. The cron log doesn't show
> anything but the commands being executed. So, my question is: is this
> type of command valid, or should each command be separate? Or is it not
> working for some other reason?
> 
> - jt
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