Re: (add new users & groups)
LW Ellis wrote:
I'm not clear on the Unix group/user setup
From what I have read, FreeBSD will place users in a default group
Do I need a group? I will have about 6 users (not all at once)
DO I add a group before users?
Will it be to my benefit down the road to make a group now?
Every user will be in a group-- by default, the group will have the same
name as the user (his own group). You can add and modify users and
groups through the pw command, the grand unified user and group
management tool ("man pw" for more info). Adding a user to a group is
as easy as
pw groupmod -m [username]
or tacking the user's name onto the end of the group in /etc/group, e.g.:
wheel:*:0:root,user1,user2,...
To add a group and populate it with existing members:
pw groupadd [groupname] -M [user1 user2 ...]
CG
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Re: (add new users & groups)
On Friday 11 June 2004 06:59, LW Ellis wrote: > OK, I got that part down.. > (sysinstall and adding the user) > I've ordered a FreeBSD book based on the recommendations I received here > (this list) > Until then I'm pretty much shooting in the dark, learning as I go. > > I'm not clear on the Unix group/user setup > > >From what I have read, FreeBSD will place users in a default group > > Do I need a group? I will have about 6 users (not all at once) > DO I add a group before users? > Will it be to my benefit down the road to make a group now? Groups are used for, well, grouping users. Which is kind of opaque, but true. Basically it has to do with Unix's permission scheme. When you ls -l a file you'll se something like this: -rwxrwxrwx 1 mnavarre mnavarre 4542 Dec 15 2002 yaptu.py ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ permissions ownergroup size date fname Notice the permissions repeat the rwx sequence three times, they stand for read, write and execute, each set of letters controls access to the file for a diffetent class of users, user group or other. these are considered in that order, i.e. if a user tries to write a file first the owner permissions are considered, if they allow writing the file is written and we don't look at the other permissions, if not we move on to the group permissions if the user belongs to the group and there is group write permission file is written, we stop, etc., if not we move on to the other permissions, this encompases all users who didn't fall into the first two classes. Keep in mind that many people can belong to one group, that's what they're for. You can have a group for a project and put all the users involved in that project in a group and use the group permissions to control access to those files. What most people do is make a group for each user that only they belong to and have that be their main group. users can then be added to other groups, and new groups can be added as need arises. This is kind of brief, and maybe not that helpful, but it's a start. You'll also want to read the chmod(1) man page and the Handbook sections on permissions: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/permissions.html And on Users and account magement: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/users.html It might take a bit to get your head around, but you will. > > I can't thank you and everyone else that has helped, enough. > I know newbys can be a pain. > Leon OK, Matt -- "We all enter this world in the same way: naked, screaming, and soaked in blood. But if you live your life right, that kind of thing doesn't have to stop there." -- Dana Gould ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
Re: (add new users & groups)
Rob wrote: Every 'thing' in Unix should be a "user" and belong to a "group". replace "should be" by "should be owned by". ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
Re: (add new users & groups)
LW Ellis wrote: OK, I got that part down.. (sysinstall and adding the user) I've ordered a FreeBSD book based on the recommendations I received here (this list) Until then I'm pretty much shooting in the dark, learning as I go. I'm not clear on the Unix group/user setup From what I have read, FreeBSD will place users in a default group Do I need a group? I will have about 6 users (not all at once) DO I add a group before users? Will it be to my benefit down the road to make a group now? Every 'thing' in Unix should be a "user" and belong to a "group". These are basically numbers: user-ID and group-ID. So everytime you add a user to the system, that user will also get a group-ID. On my system I am user "1001", and in group "1005". The files /etc/passwd and /etc/group map these numbers to nice names. On my system these numbers map to the user-group names "lahaye" and "surfion", for example. These user-IDs and group-IDs are the essential part of permissions in Unix. Permissions that (dis)allow a user to view or execute files; to browse directries etc. etc. Do an "ls -l" and you see to which user/group the files and directories belong. E.g: $ ls -l .xsession -rwxr-xr-x 1 lahaye surfion 613 Apr 10 19:58 .xsession (As an aside, sometimes, by mistake, files or directories have a user or group ID that is not listed in /etc/passwd and/or /etc/group; in that case the system cannot do the mapping to nice names, and you get the bare numbers!). The user/group concept clarify who can access what. For example, there is you, your family members, and the big world outside. Say you add yourself as user=leon, group=ellis Then add your brother, father etc. as user=john, group=ellis user=dad, group=ellis When you create a file, you then decide who can access this file. 1) Only you (none of the family members, neither the outside world) 2) You and all family members 3) Everybody (you, family and everybody else) To make things a little more complicated: you can specify this separately for 'reading', 'writing', and 'executing'. See the "chmod" command for details. This is a starting point for learning more on the basics of Unix and its files/directories permission strategy. Happy Unixing, Rob. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
(add new users & groups)
OK, I got that part down.. (sysinstall and adding the user) I've ordered a FreeBSD book based on the recommendations I received here (this list) Until then I'm pretty much shooting in the dark, learning as I go. I'm not clear on the Unix group/user setup >From what I have read, FreeBSD will place users in a default group Do I need a group? I will have about 6 users (not all at once) DO I add a group before users? Will it be to my benefit down the road to make a group now? I can't thank you and everyone else that has helped, enough. I know newbys can be a pain. Leon - Original Message - From: "Rob" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Friday, June 11, 2004 7:48 PM Subject: Re: New Question (add new users & groups) > LW Ellis wrote: > > The depth of my unix ignorance is showing... > > I kept getting a glitch, probably from my bad install attempt. > > "New Question" is not a useful subject of your email. > Formulate your question in a few words as a subject. > That makes it easier for others to browse through the long list > of emails in the mailinglist and pick those that are of interest. > > > I wiped my HD and re-installed FreeBSD with what I have learned. > > I have configured my xserver and it seems to be working ok. > > I read the the FreeBSD Handbook and found little about adding users or > > groups. > > 1) Do I add a group before a user? > > 2) Other than sysinstall to add a user, is there anything else I need to do > > to configure a regular (notsuperuser) > > (Keeping in mind to copy .xsession and .xinitrc to that user's dir.) > > In this case, and in this stage of your experience, I would recommend to you > to use /stand/sysinstall. > In an xterminal, become root and do: > > # cd /stand > # ./sysinstall > > This will give you the configuration dialog, that you may remember from when > you did the installation. But this time you choose the option: > "Configure Do post-install configuration of FreeBSD" > > In the next dialog, you get lots menu items. Some of them are a little dangerous > (e.g. disk management), but you also see here "User Management". > Go there and add a group and new user; this dialog explains itself, I suppose. > > When finished, simply select "Cancel" and "X Exit Install" and you're done. > > Would that work? > > Rob. > > > ___ > [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" > ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
Re: New Question (add new users & groups)
LW Ellis wrote: The depth of my unix ignorance is showing... I kept getting a glitch, probably from my bad install attempt. "New Question" is not a useful subject of your email. Formulate your question in a few words as a subject. That makes it easier for others to browse through the long list of emails in the mailinglist and pick those that are of interest. I wiped my HD and re-installed FreeBSD with what I have learned. I have configured my xserver and it seems to be working ok. I read the the FreeBSD Handbook and found little about adding users or groups. 1) Do I add a group before a user? 2) Other than sysinstall to add a user, is there anything else I need to do to configure a regular (notsuperuser) (Keeping in mind to copy .xsession and .xinitrc to that user's dir.) In this case, and in this stage of your experience, I would recommend to you to use /stand/sysinstall. In an xterminal, become root and do: # cd /stand # ./sysinstall This will give you the configuration dialog, that you may remember from when you did the installation. But this time you choose the option: "Configure Do post-install configuration of FreeBSD" In the next dialog, you get lots menu items. Some of them are a little dangerous (e.g. disk management), but you also see here "User Management". Go there and add a group and new user; this dialog explains itself, I suppose. When finished, simply select "Cancel" and "X Exit Install" and you're done. Would that work? Rob. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"
