Re: Humble questions for web developers in freebsd.
Mark Jayson Alvarez said: 4. Do you happen know any good link where I can learn how to write shell scripts so that I may be able to start an application at boot time by putting it in /usr/local/etc/rc.d (ex: httpd) Here's one that I reference quite frequently: http://steve-parker.org/sh/sh.shtml See also the man page for sh. (FreeBSD man pages are really quite good. You would do well to become familiar with them.) You have to be careful when you look around for documentation on the Bourne Shell (sh), however, because the vast majority of the shell scripting docs on the web are written for the Bourne *Again* Shell (bash). bash contains numerous features that not present in sh. You can use bash to write your own scripts, but all of FreeBSD's shell scripts are written for sh. I'm just a fresh graduate and I'm still learning many things by myself in preparation for future career in IT. it's a sad fact, but I may have to admit that my professors in college have just thought us the basics in our field. Any help coming from you would be very much appreciated... That's typically how it goes in college. They give you the theory but the implementation is up to you. By learning FreeBSD, you've already got a leg up on your peers. Just having FreeBSD and Linux on my resume got me a couple of interviews from prospective employers running pure Windows shops because they believed that experienced Unix people typically have a better understanding of how computers and networks actually work than your average Windows person. And they're absolutely right. -- Charles Ulrich System Administrator Ideal Solution - http://www.idealso.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Humble questions for web developers in freebsd.
Greetings, I have installed the latest Apache http server for the first time and I have just started programming perl cgi scripts as well. It didn't brought me any trouble installing it, but when I wrote my first Hello World cgi script, I end up with an internal server error. Eventually (through a very intensive, sleepless researching), I was able to run it successfully in a browser after changing its mode to 755(whiew!). Questions: 1. Do I always have to do this for every script that I would make? I thought, apache web server will know how to execute those files if it sees something like #!/usr/local/bin/perl in the beginning of the file. 2. I'm having a small clue on this one. The perl book(Beginning Perl) told me that in a default installation, apache is started by nobody(after runningps -aux |grep httpd, I can see at least five httpd processes run by nobody and one that is run by me(root).) --if it is run by nobody, then it can't run the cgi script I have written right? Elucidate me please. (And also those 5 nobody's) Few perl/html questions(...related to freebsd :=): 1. (hmm.. just curious) Can't I start writing a perl program or just a plain text file that already has a 755 mode?(ex: vi -m 755... hello.plx) 2. Do you know how can I run a perl program in freebsd without having it preceded with the word perl? (I tried changing its mode to 755 and also putting it to /usr/local/bin but it didn't work(don't laugh at me please.. I'm still learning:=). 3. If you happened to be one, I'm already having a picture of how web developers are creating web pages or cgi scripts(because the whole apache directory is owned by the root, they would have to write them outside and then transfer them inside when they are finish, am I correct?? Because what I did was, change the ownership of the entire apache directory for me to be able to save an html file or a cgi script in it... 4. Do you happen know any good link where I can learn how to write shell scripts so that I may be able to start an application at boot time by putting it in /usr/local/etc/rc.d (ex: httpd) I'm just a fresh graduate and I'm still learning many things by myself in preparation for future career in IT. it's a sad fact, but I may have to admit that my professors in college have just thought us the basics in our field. Any help coming from you would be very much appreciated... And again, thanks a lot. __ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Humble questions for web developers in freebsd.
Mark Jayson Alvarez [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings, I have installed the latest Apache http server for the first time and I have just started programming perl cgi scripts as well. It didn't brought me any trouble installing it, but when I wrote my first Hello World cgi script, I end up with an internal server error. Eventually (through a very intensive, sleepless researching), I was able to run it successfully in a browser after changing its mode to 755(whiew!). Questions: 1. Do I always have to do this for every script that I would make? I thought, apache web server will know how to execute those files if it sees something like #!/usr/local/bin/perl in the beginning of the file. No. Apache needs to know that those script should be executed instead of sent as-is to the browser. This is more a Unix thing than a CGI thing. Scripts should always have execute permissions on them, but Apache can be configured to work around this by identifying the type of file and handling it properly. Lots of docs available for reading, especially on Apache's config. 2. I'm having a small clue on this one. The perl book(Beginning Perl) told me that in a default installation, apache is started by nobody(after runningps -aux |grep httpd, I can see at least five httpd processes run by nobody and one that is run by me(root).) --if it is run by nobody, then it can't run the cgi script I have written right? Elucidate me please. (And also those 5 nobody's) How did you install Apache? Default Apache installs on FreeBSD use user www and group www and no longer use nobody. The first Apache process has to start as root to bind to port 80, but any additional worker process should run as a non-priviledged user. (usually user www on FreeBSD) 1. (hmm.. just curious) Can't I start writing a perl program or just a plain text file that already has a 755 mode?(ex: vi -m 755... hello.plx) I don't see why not. 2. Do you know how can I run a perl program in freebsd without having it preceded with the word perl? (I tried changing its mode to 755 and also putting it to /usr/local/bin but it didn't work(don't laugh at me please.. I'm still learning:=). Just call the program. If it has X permissions for available for you (the user you're trying to run it as) it will notice the #!/usr/bin/perl at the head of the file an user perl to interpret the script. I noticed you had #!/usr/local/bin/perl in your earlier comments. Use which perl to find out the path to perl on your system and use that. If that first line has the wrong path, your scripts won't run. 3. If you happened to be one, I'm already having a picture of how web developers are creating web pages or cgi scripts(because the whole apache directory is owned by the root, they would have to write them outside and then transfer them inside when they are finish, am I correct?? Because what I did was, change the ownership of the entire apache directory for me to be able to save an html file or a cgi script in it... Make each directory owned by the user doing development, and the group of the web server (usually www, although it appears to be nobody in your case). Then the user can have full access to the file, and you can give the group r-x permissions so it can read and execute it. 4. Do you happen know any good link where I can learn how to write shell scripts so that I may be able to start an application at boot time by putting it in /usr/local/etc/rc.d (ex: httpd) The existing shell scripts in that directory, placed there by programs you installed are a good start. Otherwise, there's a section in the handbook on the rcng system that's pretty informative. -- Bill Moran Potential Technologies http://www.potentialtech.com ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: Humble questions for web developers in freebsd.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: 2. Do you know how can I run a perl program in freebsd without having it preceded with the word perl? (I tried changing its mode to 755 and also putting it to /usr/local/bin but it didn't work(don't laugh at me please.. I'm still learning:=). Just call the program. If it has X permissions for available for you (the user you're trying to run it as) it will notice the #!/usr/bin/perl at the head of the file an user perl to interpret the script. I noticed you had #!/usr/local/bin/perl in your earlier comments. Use which perl to find out the path to perl on your system and use that. If that first line has the wrong path, your scripts won't run. Another point here. If you're in the directory where this program resides, you need to prepend a ./ before the command. This is another Unix thing, there to protect yourself from running the wrong command. The ./ tells the system you want to run a program from the current directory, and not something from within your PATH variable. HTH Eric F Crist Best Access Systems 11300 Rupp Dr. Burnsville, MN 55337 Phone: 952.894.3830 Cell: 612.998.3588 Fax: 952-894-1990 ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
