Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:57:41 +0430 s m wrote: > hello all, > > i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to have > a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: / , > /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap. > > but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have problem > with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition) and > every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use fstab > file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have a > freebsd with a separate /etc mount point? > > any comments are appreciated. No, starting in single user mode mount / only and will fail to start. I, and others for sure, use single user mode for recovery faulty systems. But as always, they are your feet ;) What's wrong with /usr/local/etc ? It can be wherever you want and have whatever you need. > SAM > ___ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org" --- --- Eduardo Morras ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org"
Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
On Tue, 28 May 2013 15:13+0430, s m wrote:
> On 5/28/13, Trond Endrestøl wrote:
> > On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:25+0200, Trond Endrestøl wrote:
> >
> >> On Tue, 28 May 2013 13:29+0430, saeedeh motlagh wrote:
> >>
> >> > On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 1:16 PM, Trond Endrestøl <
> >> > trond.endres...@fagskolen.gjovik.no> wrote:
> >> >
> >> > > On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:57+0430, s m wrote:
> >> > >
> >> > > > hello all,
> >> > > >
> >> > > > i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to
> >> > > > have
> >> > > > a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: /
> >> > > > ,
> >> > > > /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap.
> >> > > >
> >> > > > but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have
> >> > > > problem
> >> > > > with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition)
> >> > > > and
> >> > > > every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use
> >> > > > fstab
> >> > > > file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have
> >> > > > a
> >> > > > freebsd with a separate /etc mount point?
> >> > > >
> >> > > > any comments are appreciated.
> >> > > > SAM
> >> > >
> >> > > If you really want to keep /etc as a separate filesystem, then I
> >> > > would
> >> > > try something like this:
> >> > >
> >> > > 1. Create the file /etc-mount and give it the following contents:
> >> > >
> >> > > #!/bin/sh
> >> > > /sbin/mount /dev/ada0pX /etc
> >> > > exec /etc/rc $*
> >> > >
> >> > > 2. Make sure to substitute the right device file for the mount
> >> > > command.
> >> > >
> >> > > 2. Make /etc-mount executable: chmod a+x /etc-mount
> >> > >
> >> > > 3. On the root filesystem, let /etc/rc be a symlink to /etc-mount.
> >> > >
> >> > > This is just off the top of my head. It may work, or it may not work.
> >> > >
> >> > > HTH.
> >>
> >> > thanks Trond but i think it can not help me.
> >> >
> >> > you know i want to separate my /etc completely from root. for some
> >> > reasons,
> >> > i want to unmount /etc while root is mounted.
> >> >
> >> > by your procedure, i think /etc is dependent to root yet. isn't it?
> >>
> >> When the system boots, init(8) fires up a shell to execute the
> >> commands contained in (the real) /etc/rc. At boot only the root file
> >> system is mounted, thus you need a mechanism to mount /etc ahead of
> >> normal startup and pass whatever arguments the fake /etc/rc was
> >> invoked with on to the real /etc/rc.
> >>
> >> As long as no processes holds open any files within /etc and you
> >> don't need any of the files, /etc/{,s}pwd.db and[!] /etc/group comes
> >> to mind, you should be able to unmount /etc at your own pace. I
> >> guess you should be in single user mode while doing this.
> >
> > [Typo corrected.]
> >
> >> Why do you need this strange detachment anyway?
> >> Backups? Snapshots?
> thanks guys,
>
> you know i have a server and change my pwd files most of the time. i
> want to safe my server, so i prefer to mount my root read-only and
> because of changes in pwd files, i should mount /etc read-write.
> therefore i want to separate my /etc from root.
>
> moreover, if i want to enable journaling on /etc, i should unmount it
> (journaling cannot been set for root partition).
To enable journaling, i.e. soft updates, for the root filesystem, do
the exact following:
1. Reboot into single user mode.
2. Run /sbin/tunefs -j enable /dev/ada0pX
3. Issue the reboot command.
> now, do you have any suggestion for my status? how can i mount /etc
> partition at boot time?
As I said earlier in this thread you need a mechanism for mounting
/etc prior to running the startup scripts.
OK, here's a more detailed list than the previous one, assuming the
root filesystem is currently mounted read-write:
1. Create and edit the file /fake-rc, giving it this contents (the
next 3 lines):
#!/bin/sh
mount /dev/ada0pX /etc
exec /etc/rc $*
2. Don't forget to substitute the right device file corresponding to
the /etc filesystem.
3. Let /fake-rc be executable: chmod a+x /fake-rc
4. Go to single user mode. I'm still assuming the _root_ filesystem is
mounted read-write. Please ensure it is.
5. Unmount /etc.
6. Let /etc/rc be a symbolic link to /fake-rc, by issuing the command:
/bin/ln -s /fake-rc /etc/rc
7. Remount /etc manually, i.e. mount /dev/ada0pX /etc
8. Make the necessary changes to /etc/fstab so that the root file
system is never mounted read-write during startup.
9. Reboot the system and observe to see if the behaviour is the
desired one.
Remember this, because this is important:
When the system boots, init(8) fires up a shell to execute the
commands contained in (the real) /etc/rc.
At boot only the _root_ file system is mounted, thus you need a
mechanism to mount /etc ahead of normal startup and pass whatever
arguments the fake /etc/rc was invoked with on to the real /etc/rc.
This is what you would accomplish by erecting /etc/rc on the _root_
filesystem as a symlink to the fake /fake-rc, also on the _root
Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
On 05/28/13 09:27, s m wrote: hello all, i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to have a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: / , /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap. but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have problem with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition) and every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use fstab file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have a freebsd with a separate /etc mount point? Generally speaking, a separate /etc partition is A Bad Thing(TM), and a sign you're doing things wrong. However, nanobsd does (partially) separate /etc out, and it does so using /etc/rc.initdiskless and its early (pre-rc) mounting code. Take a look at rc.initdiskless and the nanobsd code in /usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd/nanobsd.sh if you really want to go down this route. -- In the dungeons of Mordor, Sauron bred Orcs with LOLcats to create a new race of servants. Called Uruk-Oh-Hai in the Black Speech, they were cruel and delighted in torturing spelling and grammar. _Lord of the Rings 2.0, the Web Edition_ ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org"
Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
On Tue, 28 May 2013 13:29+0430, saeedeh motlagh wrote:
> On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 1:16 PM, Trond Endrestøl <
> trond.endres...@fagskolen.gjovik.no> wrote:
>
> > On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:57+0430, s m wrote:
> >
> > > hello all,
> > >
> > > i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to have
> > > a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: / ,
> > > /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap.
> > >
> > > but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have problem
> > > with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition) and
> > > every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use fstab
> > > file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have a
> > > freebsd with a separate /etc mount point?
> > >
> > > any comments are appreciated.
> > > SAM
> >
> > If you really want to keep /etc as a separate filesystem, then I would
> > try something like this:
> >
> > 1. Create the file /etc-mount and give it the following contents:
> >
> > #!/bin/sh
> > /sbin/mount /dev/ada0pX /etc
> > exec /etc/rc $*
> >
> > 2. Make sure to substitute the right device file for the mount
> > command.
> >
> > 2. Make /etc-mount executable: chmod a+x /etc-mount
> >
> > 3. On the root filesystem, let /etc/rc be a symlink to /etc-mount.
> >
> > This is just off the top of my head. It may work, or it may not work.
> >
> > HTH.
> thanks Trond but i think it can not help me.
>
> you know i want to separate my /etc completely from root. for some reasons,
> i want to unmount /etc while root is mounted.
>
> by your procedure, i think /etc is dependent to root yet. isn't it?
When the system boots, init(8) fires up a shell to execute the
commands contained in (the real) /etc/rc. At boot only the root file
system is mounted, thus you need a mechanism to mount /etc ahead of
normal startup and pass whatever arguments the fake /etc/rc was
invoked with on to the real /etc/rc.
As long as no processes holds open any files within /etc and you don't
need any of the files, /etc/{,s}pwd.db og /etc/group comes to mind,
you should be able to unmount /etc at your own pace. I guess you
should be in single user mode while doing this.
Why do you need this strange detachment anyway?
Backups? Snapshots?
--
+---++
| Vennlig hilsen, | Best regards, |
| Trond Endrestøl, | Trond Endrestøl, |
| IT-ansvarlig, | System administrator, |
| Fagskolen Innlandet, | Gjøvik Technical College, Norway, |
| tlf. mob. 952 62 567, | Cellular...: +47 952 62 567, |
| sentralbord 61 14 54 00. | Switchboard: +47 61 14 54 00. |
+---++___
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Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
thanks Trond but i think it can not help me. you know i want to separate my /etc completely from root. for some reasons, i want to unmount /etc while root is mounted. by your procedure, i think /etc is dependent to root yet. isn't it? On Tue, May 28, 2013 at 1:16 PM, Trond Endrestøl < trond.endres...@fagskolen.gjovik.no> wrote: > On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:57+0430, s m wrote: > > > hello all, > > > > i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to have > > a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: / , > > /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap. > > > > but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have problem > > with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition) and > > every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use fstab > > file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have a > > freebsd with a separate /etc mount point? > > > > any comments are appreciated. > > SAM > > If you really want to keep /etc as a separate filesystem, then I would > try something like this: > > 1. Create the file /etc-mount and give it the following contents: > > #!/bin/sh > /sbin/mount /dev/ada0pX /etc > exec /etc/rc $* > > 2. Make sure to substitute the right device file for the mount > command. > > 2. Make /etc-mount executable: chmod a+x /etc-mount > > 3. On the root filesystem, let /etc/rc be a symlink to /etc-mount. > > This is just off the top of my head. It may work, or it may not work. > > HTH. > > -- > +---++ > | Vennlig hilsen, | Best regards, | > | Trond Endrestøl, | Trond Endrestøl, | > | IT-ansvarlig, | System administrator, | > | Fagskolen Innlandet, | Gjøvik Technical College, Norway, | > | tlf. mob. 952 62 567, | Cellular...: +47 952 62 567, | > | sentralbord 61 14 54 00. | Switchboard: +47 61 14 54 00. | > +---++ > ___ > freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list > http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions > To unsubscribe, send any mail to " > freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org" > -- *Sa.M* ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org"
Re: freebsd8.2 with /etc mount point can't run correctly
On Tue, 28 May 2013 12:57+0430, s m wrote: > hello all, > > i want to install freebsd8.2 with different partitions. i want to have > a separated partition for /etc. therefore this is my partitions: / , > /var, /etc. /tmp, /usr, swap. > > but after installing, freebsd can not run correctly and have problem > with fstab. i checked my fstab file (fstab file in /etc partition) and > every thing is ok. i think i should do something in order to use fstab > file in different mount point. is it true? what should i do to have a > freebsd with a separate /etc mount point? > > any comments are appreciated. > SAM If you really want to keep /etc as a separate filesystem, then I would try something like this: 1. Create the file /etc-mount and give it the following contents: #!/bin/sh /sbin/mount /dev/ada0pX /etc exec /etc/rc $* 2. Make sure to substitute the right device file for the mount command. 2. Make /etc-mount executable: chmod a+x /etc-mount 3. On the root filesystem, let /etc/rc be a symlink to /etc-mount. This is just off the top of my head. It may work, or it may not work. HTH. -- +---++ | Vennlig hilsen, | Best regards, | | Trond Endrestøl, | Trond Endrestøl, | | IT-ansvarlig, | System administrator, | | Fagskolen Innlandet, | Gjøvik Technical College, Norway, | | tlf. mob. 952 62 567, | Cellular...: +47 952 62 567, | | sentralbord 61 14 54 00. | Switchboard: +47 61 14 54 00. | +---++___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to "freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org"
