Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-10 Thread Eric Auer


Hi Volkert,

> By the way, the dosemu2 developers are also developing fdpp, a 64-bit DOS
> kernel that aims to provide a DOS-compatible userspace and that can run in
> Dosemu2. (Not sure if it always uses fdpp by default.) Since it's a 64-bit
> process, I'm not sure how fdpp and dosemu2 handle the running of 16-bit
> code without some kind of software emulation.

As far as I remember, FDPP just does most of the DOS work on the Linux
(or potentially Windows) host side of your reality. The DOS apps still
run in the same good old 16/32 bit tasks as before, although you will
more often be using an emulated CPU compared to classic DOSEMU now.

I could claim that FDPP is a very elaborate change in the memory model
when compiling a classic FreeDOS kernel, but I am sure that is a rather
bad description. Also, FDPP got heavily tuned since the DOSEMU2 product
cycle involves frequent testing of many features and compatibility etc.

While DOSEMU2 tends to change quickly and sometimes in unexpected ways,
it usually works better than classic DOSEMU. So if you are fine with
updating your config or autoexec from time to time, or even sticking
to package-maintained default versions of those, you should try it :-)

Of course you can still run DOSEMU2 with classic FreeDOS kernels instead
of FDPP. You can also still boot disk images containing other DOS etc.

Note: If you use the cool "a Linux directory is presented as C: drive"
boot style, you will now have to explicitly load a driver to gain write
access. In the old DOSEMU, some automatic magic made it work "without".

Cheers, Eric



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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-10 Thread Volkert via Freedos-devel
Yep, you pretty much described the dosemu2, which was already mentioned
here. Itś a continuation of the old DOSEMU project. The original DOSEMU
relied on the V8086 virtualization mode that was introduced in the 386 CPU,
but V8086 mode isn't available in 64-bit (Long) mode. So instead, dosemu2
(optionally) leverages KVM, the hardware-assisted hypervisor in built into
the Linux kernel, to virtualize a DOS environment. And yes, it can emulate
Sound Blaster cards as well.

By the way, the dosemu2 developers are also developing fdpp, a 64-bit DOS
kernel that aims to provide a DOS-compatible userspace and that can run in
Dosemu2. (Not sure if it always uses fdpp by default.) Since it's a 64-bit
process, I'm not sure how fdpp and dosemu2 handle the running of 16-bit
code without some kind of software emulation.

But regardless, they run on Linux and leverage its virtualization features.

On Wed, Mar 3, 2021 at 1:24 AM Liam Proven  wrote:

> On 3/1/2021 10:42 AM, Pablo Pessolani wrote:
> >
> > Hi Guys.
> >   I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over QEMU, KVM,
> XEN or any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the
> virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
> >  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos so that it can run
> on Linux and its virtual devices instead of running on real hardware (as
> User Mode Linux does) ?
>
> Are you aware of DOSemu?
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOSEMU
>
> V1 is in most distros' repositories.
>
> V2 is in development.
> http://dosemu2.github.io/dosemu2/
>
> Most DOSes run under it, and the Ubuntu version comes bundled with FreeDOS.
>
> It is in essence a FOSS version of Locus DOS/Merge, which I was using
> in the late 1980s.
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge_(software)
>
> --
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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-03 Thread Ralf Quint

On 3/2/2021 3:45 PM, Pablo Pessolani wrote:

Thanks Ralf.


I  am not sure if you really want to do that... 😛

In general, this was a somewhat shorter reply along the lines that Tom 
mentioned... 😉



Ralf



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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Liam Proven
On 3/1/2021 10:42 AM, Pablo Pessolani wrote:
>
> Hi Guys.
>   I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or 
> any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the 
> virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
>  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos so that it can run on 
> Linux and its virtual devices instead of running on real hardware (as User 
> Mode Linux does) ?

Are you aware of DOSemu?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOSEMU

V1 is in most distros' repositories.

V2 is in development.
http://dosemu2.github.io/dosemu2/

Most DOSes run under it, and the Ubuntu version comes bundled with FreeDOS.

It is in essence a FOSS version of Locus DOS/Merge, which I was using
in the late 1980s.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge_(software)

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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Thanks Ralf.


De: Ralf Quint 
Enviado: martes, 2 de marzo de 2021 18:28
Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

On 3/1/2021 10:42 AM, Pablo Pessolani wrote:
Hi Guys.
  I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or 
any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the virtualization 
facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
 Would there be any interest in modifying freedos so that it can run on 
Linux and its virtual devices instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode 
Linux does) ?
Regards.
PAP

Good luck.


Ralf


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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Thanks Tom.
   I have developed several DOS device drivers in 1990 decade and a ROM BIOS 
written in C.
   All that you say its true, the BIOS and it services you mentioned (INTxx) 
are used by DOS in a similar way that a paravirtulized OS does. This fact 
simplifies the migration of DOS to other platform.
   But, what happen with devices not supported by the BIOS, such as network 
interface cards? A device driver must be loaded by DOS to suppport it.
   Most Unikernels can run a single process in kernel-mode o privileged mode. A 
unikernel based on FreeDOS could have these same properties, but networking 
support is an unavoidable requirement.
 Regards.
PAP



De: tom ehlert 
Enviado: martes, 2 de marzo de 2021 19:01
Para: Technical discussion and questions for FreeDOS developers. 

Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

> Hi Guys.  I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over
> QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux
> system calls and the virtualization facilities offered by the
> Linux kernel. Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices instead
> of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?

it looks like you have not much of a clue what DOS does.

it's not DOS that's making problems to your emulation, because DOS does so 
little.

DOS doesn't run on 'real hardware'. It runs on anything that provides
some - well documented - services behind INT13 (disk IO),
INT10 (video), and INT15 for memory management (and some few more).
beyond that, it provides very little support for anything.

and all of it is only basic functionality; in particular of all the
interesting things in INT10, only 'position cursor', 'print character at cusor'
and 'print string at cursor' are used.


so each application had
   to code it's own interrupt handler for serial communication
   memory management beyond 640k
   many more stuff
   I/O port stuff which are beyond kernels reach
   Soundblaster !


good luck with emulating that

Tom




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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread tom ehlert
> Hi Guys.      I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over
> QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux
> system calls and the virtualization facilities offered by the   
> Linux kernel.     Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices instead
> of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?

it looks like you have not much of a clue what DOS does.

it's not DOS that's making problems to your emulation, because DOS does so 
little.

DOS doesn't run on 'real hardware'. It runs on anything that provides
some - well documented - services behind INT13 (disk IO),
INT10 (video), and INT15 for memory management (and some few more).
beyond that, it provides very little support for anything.

and all of it is only basic functionality; in particular of all the
interesting things in INT10, only 'position cursor', 'print character at cusor'
and 'print string at cursor' are used.


so each application had
   to code it's own interrupt handler for serial communication
   memory management beyond 640k
   many more stuff
   I/O port stuff which are beyond kernels reach
   Soundblaster !


good luck with emulating that

Tom




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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Ralf Quint

On 3/1/2021 10:42 AM, Pablo Pessolani wrote:

Hi Guys.
      I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over QEMU, KVM, 
XEN or any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the 
virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
     Would there be any interest in modifying freedos so that it can 
run on Linux and its virtual devices instead of running on real 
hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?

Regards.
PAP


Good luck.


Ralf




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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread TK Chia

Hello Pablo,


Sorry, now I understand what you say. I also works on UML source code too.
Yes, UML intercepts system calls through ptrace, but instead of calling the 
host kernel, it calls the UML kernel. Therefore, no host system call is 
excecuted by the application process running inside UML.


Thanks, glad to have the misunderstanding cleared up.

Regarding "unikernels" --- in the sense of "a single-tasking library
operating system made specifically for running a single application in
the cloud" (https://lwn.net/Articles/728682/) --- I guess the IBM PC
booter games of old
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_PC_booter_games) will be much
closer to the notion of "unikernel" (minus the "cloud").

Basically, on each PC booter game disk, instead of having a general OS
kernel (e.g. MS-DOS) plus a separate game program that runs on top of
the kernel, there will be just an "OS" that is specialized for running
the game and nothing else.

I am not sure how useful it might be to do something like this in the
modern day --- maybe by turning the FreeDOS kernel into some sort of
"library operating system" that can be used to create specialized
"application OSes".  But it is interesting to think about.

Thank you!

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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Hello Chia.
   Sorry, now I understand what you say. I also works on UML source code too.
   Yes, UML intercepts system calls through ptrace, but instead of calling the 
host kernel, it calls the UML kernel. Therefore, no host system call is 
excecuted by the application process running inside UML.
Regards.
PAP



De: TK Chia 
Enviado: martes, 2 de marzo de 2021 12:04
Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

Hello Pablo,

>> User Mode Linux actually works more like dosemu than it may seem.  UML
>> runs as a normal application under a host Linux system, of course.  But
>> when you run, say, /bin/ls within a UML session, UML will indeed
>> intercept the syscalls made by the /bin/ls and transform them into the
>> correct requests to the underlying host Linux.  So effectively /bin/ls's
>> syscalls actually go to UML, not directly to the host system.  There is

> I am not comfused about UML, it is a true and complete Linux system that runs 
> over a Linux hosts. Instead interfacing with hardware devices, it uses 
> virtual devices provided by the Linux Host.
> The example of "ls" doesn't work as you explain. Containers runs in this way.

With all due respect, I have worked with the UML source code before, and
I know whereof I speak.  The UML home page --- not that hard to find ---
also has presentations and papers that discuss how exactly UML
virtualizes syscalls,

Thank you!

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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread TK Chia

Hello Pablo,


User Mode Linux actually works more like dosemu than it may seem.  UML
runs as a normal application under a host Linux system, of course.  But
when you run, say, /bin/ls within a UML session, UML will indeed
intercept the syscalls made by the /bin/ls and transform them into the
correct requests to the underlying host Linux.  So effectively /bin/ls's
syscalls actually go to UML, not directly to the host system.  There is



I am not comfused about UML, it is a true and complete Linux system that runs 
over a Linux hosts. Instead interfacing with hardware devices, it uses virtual 
devices provided by the Linux Host.
The example of "ls" doesn't work as you explain. Containers runs in this way.


With all due respect, I have worked with the UML source code before, and
I know whereof I speak.  The UML home page --- not that hard to find ---
also has presentations and papers that discuss how exactly UML
virtualizes syscalls,

Thank you!

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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-02 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Thanks Chia.
I am not comfused about UML, it is a true and complete Linux system that runs 
over a Linux hosts. Instead interfacing with hardware devices, it uses virtual 
devices provided by the Linux Host.
The example of "ls" doesn't work as you explain. Containers runs in this way.

Regards.
PAP



De: TK Chia 
Enviado: martes, 2 de marzo de 2021 02:40
Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

Good day Pablo,

> Unikernels: they are minimal Library operating systems embeded with the 
> application code. They provide networking, filesystem and virtual devices 
> support.
> I think that if Linux could be converted in a executable (User Mode Linux) or 
> in a library (LKL), FreeDOS may also be converted that way.

I am pretty sure that is _not_ how UML works.  It seems to me that you
are conflating and confusing several concepts together.

User Mode Linux actually works more like dosemu than it may seem.  UML
runs as a normal application under a host Linux system, of course.  But
when you run, say, /bin/ls within a UML session, UML will indeed
intercept the syscalls made by the /bin/ls and transform them into the
correct requests to the underlying host Linux.  So effectively /bin/ls's
syscalls actually go to UML, not directly to the host system.  There is
no need to compile /bin/ls to work with UML.

What you are getting at is more like what Winelib does
(https://wiki.winehq.org/Winelib_User%27s_Guide).  Winelib's goal is to
allow one to take the source code of a Windows program, and turn it into
a program that runs natively on Linux.

But you can only do this for Windows _applications_, not Windows itself.
  Winelib will most probably not allow you to turn Microsoft Windows's
source code --- even assuming you have it --- into a Linux application.
  It can only help you turn programs that run _under_ Windows into Linux
applications.

The dosemu approach of allowing MS-DOS code to run on Linux, and the
Winelib approach, will be quite different.

Thank you!

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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread TK Chia

Good day Pablo,


Unikernels: they are minimal Library operating systems embeded with the 
application code. They provide networking, filesystem and virtual devices 
support.
I think that if Linux could be converted in a executable (User Mode Linux) or 
in a library (LKL), FreeDOS may also be converted that way.


I am pretty sure that is _not_ how UML works.  It seems to me that you
are conflating and confusing several concepts together.

User Mode Linux actually works more like dosemu than it may seem.  UML
runs as a normal application under a host Linux system, of course.  But
when you run, say, /bin/ls within a UML session, UML will indeed
intercept the syscalls made by the /bin/ls and transform them into the
correct requests to the underlying host Linux.  So effectively /bin/ls's
syscalls actually go to UML, not directly to the host system.  There is
no need to compile /bin/ls to work with UML.

What you are getting at is more like what Winelib does
(https://wiki.winehq.org/Winelib_User%27s_Guide).  Winelib's goal is to
allow one to take the source code of a Windows program, and turn it into
a program that runs natively on Linux.

But you can only do this for Windows _applications_, not Windows itself.
 Winelib will most probably not allow you to turn Microsoft Windows's
source code --- even assuming you have it --- into a Linux application.
 It can only help you turn programs that run _under_ Windows into Linux
applications.

The dosemu approach of allowing MS-DOS code to run on Linux, and the
Winelib approach, will be quite different.

Thank you!

--
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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Steve Nickolas

On Mon, 1 Mar 2021, Pablo Pessolani wrote:


Thanks Geraldo.

Dosemu: I think that with Dosemu, Linux "emulates" DOS system calls and 
environment. It doesn't run a DOS kernel in userspace. i.e. It 
intercepts DOS system calls and converts them to equivalent Linux system 
calls.


dosemu actually does run a DOS kernel.  I use that of PC DOS 7 in mine. 
It uses a shim to allow access to the local filesystem.


-uso.


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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Thanks Geraldo.

Dosemu: I think that with Dosemu, Linux "emulates" DOS system calls and 
environment. It doesn't run a DOS kernel in userspace. i.e. It intercepts DOS 
system calls and converts them to equivalent Linux system calls.
Unikernels: they are minimal Library operating systems embeded with the 
application code. They provide networking, filesystem and virtual devices 
support.

I think that if Linux could be converted in a executable (User Mode Linux) or 
in a library (LKL), FreeDOS may also be converted that way.

Regards.
PAP.



De: Geraldo Netto 
Enviado: lunes, 1 de marzo de 2021 17:37
Para: Technical discussion and questions for FreeDOS developers. 

Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

Hi Pablo/Eric/All,

I guess there are many different strategies to handle it
But maybe what you're looking for is a customized version of dosemu
(http://www.dosemu.org)?
It seems that usually, unikernels are some sort of "container" or
application-oriented operating system
(https://www.lisha.ufsc.br/pub/Frohlich_2001.pdf) in the sense that
you embed a single application together with the kernel (single
address space operating system with just enough
drivers/infrastructure)


Kind Regards,

Geraldo Netto
site: http://exdev.sf.net
github: https://github.com/geraldo-netto
linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/geraldonetto
facebook: https://web.facebook.com/geraldo.netto.161

On Mon, 1 Mar 2021 at 20:28, Pablo Pessolani  wrote:
>
> Thanks Eric.
> I am not thinking in running binary DOS applications which use the real mode.
> I am thinking in source code applications built (compiled) on linux but 
> instead of linked with libc library, they should be linked to a new "libdosc" 
> library which use the FreeDOS system calls and environment.
> It would be a linux executable binary file.
> Regards.
> PAP
>
> 
> De: Eric Auer 
> Enviado: lunes, 1 de marzo de 2021 15:52
> Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
> 
> Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?
>
>
> Hi PAP,
>
> I assume unikernel means replacing hardware I/O by
> calls to a suitable hypervisor interface? In a way,
> DOS already does that by using BIOS. So you could
> make a BIOS-Unikernel and then run FreeDOS as app
> on that. But how do you deal with the fact that a
> DOS kernel and DOS apps will prefer a DOS memory
> model with real mode compatible pointers, can the
> hypervisor offer such spaces?
>
> Regards, Eric
>
>
>
> > Hi Guys.
> >   I am working on several unikernels on Linux
> > (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/
> > hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the
> > virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
>
> >  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> > so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices
> > instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?
> > Regards.
> > PAP
>
>
>
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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Geraldo Netto
Hi Pablo/Eric/All,

I guess there are many different strategies to handle it
But maybe what you're looking for is a customized version of dosemu
(http://www.dosemu.org)?
It seems that usually, unikernels are some sort of "container" or
application-oriented operating system
(https://www.lisha.ufsc.br/pub/Frohlich_2001.pdf) in the sense that
you embed a single application together with the kernel (single
address space operating system with just enough
drivers/infrastructure)


Kind Regards,

Geraldo Netto
site: http://exdev.sf.net
github: https://github.com/geraldo-netto
linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/geraldonetto
facebook: https://web.facebook.com/geraldo.netto.161

On Mon, 1 Mar 2021 at 20:28, Pablo Pessolani  wrote:
>
> Thanks Eric.
> I am not thinking in running binary DOS applications which use the real mode.
> I am thinking in source code applications built (compiled) on linux but 
> instead of linked with libc library, they should be linked to a new "libdosc" 
> library which use the FreeDOS system calls and environment.
> It would be a linux executable binary file.
> Regards.
> PAP
>
> 
> De: Eric Auer 
> Enviado: lunes, 1 de marzo de 2021 15:52
> Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
> 
> Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?
>
>
> Hi PAP,
>
> I assume unikernel means replacing hardware I/O by
> calls to a suitable hypervisor interface? In a way,
> DOS already does that by using BIOS. So you could
> make a BIOS-Unikernel and then run FreeDOS as app
> on that. But how do you deal with the fact that a
> DOS kernel and DOS apps will prefer a DOS memory
> model with real mode compatible pointers, can the
> hypervisor offer such spaces?
>
> Regards, Eric
>
>
>
> > Hi Guys.
> >   I am working on several unikernels on Linux
> > (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/
> > hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the
> > virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
>
> >  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> > so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices
> > instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?
> > Regards.
> > PAP
>
>
>
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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Thanks Eric.
I am not thinking in running binary DOS applications which use the real mode.
I am thinking in source code applications built (compiled) on linux but instead 
of linked with libc library, they should be linked to a new "libdosc" library 
which use the FreeDOS system calls and environment.
It would be a linux executable binary file.
Regards.
PAP


De: Eric Auer 
Enviado: lunes, 1 de marzo de 2021 15:52
Para: freedos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net 
Asunto: Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?


Hi PAP,

I assume unikernel means replacing hardware I/O by
calls to a suitable hypervisor interface? In a way,
DOS already does that by using BIOS. So you could
make a BIOS-Unikernel and then run FreeDOS as app
on that. But how do you deal with the fact that a
DOS kernel and DOS apps will prefer a DOS memory
model with real mode compatible pointers, can the
hypervisor offer such spaces?

Regards, Eric



> Hi Guys.
>   I am working on several unikernels on Linux
> (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/
> hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the
> virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.

>  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices
> instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?
> Regards.
> PAP



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Re: [Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Eric Auer


Hi PAP,

I assume unikernel means replacing hardware I/O by
calls to a suitable hypervisor interface? In a way,
DOS already does that by using BIOS. So you could
make a BIOS-Unikernel and then run FreeDOS as app
on that. But how do you deal with the fact that a
DOS kernel and DOS apps will prefer a DOS memory
model with real mode compatible pointers, can the
hypervisor offer such spaces?

Regards, Eric



> Hi Guys.
>   I am working on several unikernels on Linux
> (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or any other emulator/
> hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the
> virtualization facilities offered by the Linux kernel.

>  Would there be any interest in modifying freedos
> so that it can run on Linux and its virtual devices
> instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode Linux does) ?
> Regards.
> PAP



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[Freedos-devel] FreeDOS as a unikernel?

2021-03-01 Thread Pablo Pessolani
Hi Guys.
  I am working on several unikernels on Linux (not over QEMU, KVM, XEN or 
any other emulator/hypervisor) using Linux system calls and the virtualization 
facilities offered by the Linux kernel.
 Would there be any interest in modifying freedos so that it can run on 
Linux and its virtual devices instead of running on real hardware (as User Mode 
Linux does) ?
Regards.
PAP




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