Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
nando ha scritto: Technically, C doesn't 'put' garbage values into variables. Those values just happen to be there if you don't set it to something. Gambas wonderfully sets numeric variables to zero. You can think of it as NULL, I suppose, but ZERO is a numeric description dealing with numbers whereas NULL is usually referred to as something to do with characters, but NULL it is the value ZERO...so it all means the same except how humans talk about it. Because we are on the way to analyze all these such wonderful things about language and compilers, I want to add my contribute. In several messages before, in this list, I found discussions about zero, null, initialization and so on. NUL (with only a single L) is the first ascii character, and has number 0 (in 8 bit). NULL (with two Ls) is a C word which means a pointer pointing to anything. Very often the NULL pointer is represented with zeroes, and very often (but not always) pointers are more than 8 bit long. The fact C lets you use a numeral 0 to indicate a NULL is a C weakness from my point of view. Pascal instead uses NIL and, on some (old) architectures, both the compiler and the runtime were able to detect uninitialized pointer this way. There have been around CPUs having registers with an additional bit to indicate wheter the register was correctly loaded or not. So, NIL was not 0, but a special value indicating invalid, in a way similar to the special floating value NaN (not a number), which is not zero, and not infinite, neither any other number but an invalid number. Dividing 0 by 0 gives a NaN. Who says that a pointer of value 0 is an invalid pointer? It depends on the CPU; for example, the glorious 8051 had memory mapped at address 0, so NULL was a legal value for a pointer. Either I am wrong or u r: DIM k, countVar AS Integer PRINT k, countVar The output of these lines is: 0 0 How come u say that both integers are initialized to NULL. This is a super feature of Gambas versus C, which puts garbage values into variables of any type. This is not a super feature of gambas, it is simply a different behaviour to make gambas more comfortable than C. The reason why C does not initialize variables to 0, is to gain speed. If you have 4096 variables on the stack (extreme example), gambas will be about 4096 times slower than C because it has to set them to zero. With a single CPU instruction C creates how many variables are needed. Pascal goes one step further - even its global variables are left uninitialized, while C sets them to 0. This is another speed gain (very little, though). Neither gambas neither C/pascal are the best languages - every one has its features and behaviour. But (I am referring now to another message), Borland compilers are very mature, and they give you messages, hints, warnings and errors. Gambas is much younger and differently targeted; in the 90% of cases, who cares if a variable is declared and never used? Are we low in memory? Much more important is the automatic memory management of gambas, for example, which lacks both in traditional C and pascal. But if I am writing a real-time operating system for embedded devices, then I would choose pascal, because I can control with it every single byte of my scarce memory and I know how long takes a statement to execute. But I also have to initialize everything and adhere to its strict syntax. For a linux desktop and a mean graphical application, gambas is perfect. In some message some day ago, KhurramM proposed a single package of gambas for linux, and someone else replied that a source distribution is the more practical one. It is true - sadly. I think this situation is bad - remember, Unix means unique, one for all. As long as the architecture does not change, it would be very practical to have binary packages for all the distributions - instead, linux on PC is a mess. I used to compile my kernel every time, on every new machine. Then, I discovered that there was nothing to gain for my average desktop machine - it was exactly the same to compile my customized kernel or to use the full bloated one which came with the distibution. If it works for the kernel, it could work any other application. But every distribution creator think he is doing better than the other, and the more it does different, better it is. Simply wrong. The author of the message than spoke about windows '98, XP, 2000. Well, they are different operating system. But 99% of applications developed by me with delphi run smoothly on every windows machine I tried; the remaining 1% were secondary quirks easily solved. I think this is the target of Unix/Linux world. This is freedom, without having to mess around with makefiles and configure scripts that get bigger than the original source itself. I suspect that Benoit spends a lot of time to adapt the sources to all the different distributions, which all share the
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
In some message some day ago, KhurramM proposed a single package of gambas for linux, and someone else replied that a source distribution is the more practical one. It is true - sadly. I think this situation is bad - remember, Unix means unique, one for all. As long as the architecture does not change, it would be very practical to have binary packages for all the distributions - instead, linux on PC is a mess. I used to compile my kernel every time, on every new machine. Then, I discovered that there was nothing to gain for my average desktop machine - it was exactly the same to compile my customized kernel or to use the full bloated one which came with the distibution. If it works for the kernel, it could work any other application. But every distribution creator think he is doing better than the other, and the more it does different, better it is. Simply wrong. The author of the message than spoke about windows '98, XP, 2000. Well, they are different operating system. But 99% of applications developed by me with delphi run smoothly on every windows machine I tried; the remaining 1% were secondary quirks easily solved. I think this is the target of Unix/Linux world. This is freedom, without having to mess around with makefiles and configure scripts that get bigger than the original source itself. I suspect that Benoit spends a lot of time to adapt the sources to all the different distributions, which all share the same kernel, same libraries, and all have a packaging system that keeps track of dependencies... Best regards, Nowadays, distributions mainly differ by their packaging system, the way they run services only. The file system organization and many other things that were different in the past seem to converge. I had a bug once in SuSE that I solved by implementing the shared library preloading feature, but I guess that this feature is not needed anymore. As for the way program are packaged, you have to let a distribution manage the packages, because: - They sign them: nobody can easily insert some trojan inside without notice. - They update them. - They manage dependencies. If a security hole is found in a library, all programs using that library will be fixed. On the contrary, for me, Windows is a nightmare: each program must take care of being updated itself, by going to the network, checking that an update is available, downloading it, and so on. What about all the programs installed by your OEM? Do they have holes? Are they updated? And when you have to reinstall your Windows? On Linux everything is centralized and you can manage your system in a few clicks. On the contrary, the work is more difficult for the packager. I tried in the Gambas IDE to make a packager easy to use, and it was not easy to do! I had to deal with the difference between rpm, deb, tgz, and the little details between distributions using the same package format. Having a common package format need to know all the differences in the organization of all distributions. You cannot force that, because you will destroy the diversity. Just wait, things are slowly converging. As for the GNU autoconf/automake system, I admit it was a nightmare for me too. I think now that all distributions have the concept of development packages, a configure script should be able to tell the system the libraries it needs, and the system should install them automagically. That's all. No thousands of long tests to run before starting compiling. Regards, -- Benoît -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Benoît Minisini ha scritto: In some message some day ago, KhurramM proposed a single package of gambas for linux, and someone else replied that a source distribution is the more practical one. It is true - sadly. I think this situation is bad - remember, Unix means unique, one for all. As long as the architecture does not change, it would be very practical to have binary packages for all the distributions - instead, linux on PC is a mess. I used to compile my kernel every time, on every new machine. Then, I discovered that there was nothing to gain for my average desktop machine - it was exactly the same to compile my customized kernel or to use the full bloated one which came with the distibution. If it works for the kernel, it could work any other application. But every distribution creator think he is doing better than the other, and the more it does different, better it is. Simply wrong. The author of the message than spoke about windows '98, XP, 2000. Well, they are different operating system. But 99% of applications developed by me with delphi run smoothly on every windows machine I tried; the remaining 1% were secondary quirks easily solved. I think this is the target of Unix/Linux world. This is freedom, without having to mess around with makefiles and configure scripts that get bigger than the original source itself. I suspect that Benoit spends a lot of time to adapt the sources to all the different distributions, which all share the same kernel, same libraries, and all have a packaging system that keeps track of dependencies... Best regards, Nowadays, distributions mainly differ by their packaging system, the way they run services only. The file system organization and many other things that were different in the past seem to converge. I had a bug once in SuSE that I solved by implementing the shared library preloading feature, but I guess that this feature is not needed anymore. As for the way program are packaged, you have to let a distribution manage the packages, because: - They sign them: nobody can easily insert some trojan inside without notice. - They update them. - They manage dependencies. If a security hole is found in a library, all programs using that library will be fixed. On the contrary, for me, Windows is a nightmare: each program must take care of being updated itself, by going to the network, checking that an update is available, downloading it, and so on. What about all the programs installed by your OEM? Do they have holes? Are they updated? And when you have to reinstall your Windows? There are few persons on The Earth who hate windows like I do. That said, we must admit that windows has some pros too, and linux some cons either. If the average windows user had the average linux user maturity, even windows would have less problems. From DOS 2.11 onward, through windows 95, 98, 2000, and now XP, I never used an antivirus on my machine, and I never reinstalled my operating system. Why? Because I am not the average windows user - I always look critically at windows, and I am careful about everything happens to my computers. I repeat - I hate windows. But windows has automatic updates like linux, windows has an installer like linux, and so on. There are very few things linux can do that can not be made on windows - the problem is elsewhere, in the background philosophy: closed sources, the idea that computer technologies must bring money. Everything that must bring money, that becomes a businness, suffers from dark sides. But we should take a look at some linux problems. First of all, the quality of applications; average windows apps are better than average linux ones. It is true that linux software is normally free but, apart from few exceptions, there is a lot to do. I am very satisfied of Open Office, The Gimp, Gambas, KiCad, Firefox and companions, Synaptic. But try to find something like Dreamweaver, Corel draw, Delphi, Orcad (an electronics CAD like KiCAD), Cakewalk and others I can't remember now. Think this: I still have to find a text editor which does not annoy me. I even poked Gambas to add some feature in the editor. The other problems of linux are the same of windows - sometimes you install something, and it screws up something else. No news here. Last time I upgraded xorg, I spent about half a day to correct the problems. I dream a Linux world where things are more unified, like windows, but keeping the open source basis, the underlaying community and the freedom of choice. But freedom does not mean that everything must be compiled from sources. Freedom means that if I find something I don't like, I can change it. Or, if I want to see how things are made, I can take a look at the sources. This also spreads knowledge in the strategic field of software. On Linux everything is centralized and you can manage your system in a few clicks. Are you really really
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Thanks a lot : Doriano Blengino and Benoît Minisini :handshake: It was really informative for me. :working: I just had a little curiosity in my mind. Its not related to Gambas directly. I do not have that much programming depth. But anyhow (now its off-topic) :thinking: IS it possible that a C based CRE or CVM just like javas' JRE or JVM, is made. Then ... would the package installation issue be over in all the unix-like distros? Is it possible? Is it feasible? But JVM consumes a lot of ram! :confused: -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23686958.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
If you're looking for something CAD OpenOffice comes with Draw which is very similar to Corel in many ways. I use it to make PC Boards and drawings/etc. It works very well!! You might not have a link to it, so at the text prompt, type oodraw -Fernando -- Original Message --- From: Doriano Blengino doriano.bleng...@fastwebnet.it To: mailing list for gambas users gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net Sent: Sat, 23 May 2009 20:13:05 +0200 Subject: Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives Benoît Minisini ha scritto: In some message some day ago, KhurramM proposed a single package of gambas for linux, and someone else replied that a source distribution is the more practical one. It is true - sadly. I think this situation is bad - remember, Unix means unique, one for all. As long as the architecture does not change, it would be very practical to have binary packages for all the distributions - instead, linux on PC is a mess. I used to compile my kernel every time, on every new machine. Then, I discovered that there was nothing to gain for my average desktop machine - it was exactly the same to compile my customized kernel or to use the full bloated one which came with the distibution. If it works for the kernel, it could work any other application. But every distribution creator think he is doing better than the other, and the more it does different, better it is. Simply wrong. The author of the message than spoke about windows '98, XP, 2000. Well, they are different operating system. But 99% of applications developed by me with delphi run smoothly on every windows machine I tried; the remaining 1% were secondary quirks easily solved. I think this is the target of Unix/Linux world. This is freedom, without having to mess around with makefiles and configure scripts that get bigger than the original source itself. I suspect that Benoit spends a lot of time to adapt the sources to all the different distributions, which all share the same kernel, same libraries, and all have a packaging system that keeps track of dependencies... Best regards, Nowadays, distributions mainly differ by their packaging system, the way they run services only. The file system organization and many other things that were different in the past seem to converge. I had a bug once in SuSE that I solved by implementing the shared library preloading feature, but I guess that this feature is not needed anymore. As for the way program are packaged, you have to let a distribution manage the packages, because: - They sign them: nobody can easily insert some trojan inside without notice. - They update them. - They manage dependencies. If a security hole is found in a library, all programs using that library will be fixed. On the contrary, for me, Windows is a nightmare: each program must take care of being updated itself, by going to the network, checking that an update is available, downloading it, and so on. What about all the programs installed by your OEM? Do they have holes? Are they updated? And when you have to reinstall your Windows? There are few persons on The Earth who hate windows like I do. That said, we must admit that windows has some pros too, and linux some cons either. If the average windows user had the average linux user maturity, even windows would have less problems. From DOS 2.11 onward, through windows 95, 98, 2000, and now XP, I never used an antivirus on my machine, and I never reinstalled my operating system. Why? Because I am not the average windows user - I always look critically at windows, and I am careful about everything happens to my computers. I repeat - I hate windows. But windows has automatic updates like linux, windows has an installer like linux, and so on. There are very few things linux can do that can not be made on windows - the problem is elsewhere, in the background philosophy: closed sources, the idea that computer technologies must bring money. Everything that must bring money, that becomes a businness, suffers from dark sides. But we should take a look at some linux problems. First of all, the quality of applications; average windows apps are better than average linux ones. It is true that linux software is normally free but, apart from few exceptions, there is a lot to do. I am very satisfied of Open Office, The Gimp, Gambas, KiCad, Firefox and companions, Synaptic. But try to find something like Dreamweaver, Corel draw, Delphi, Orcad (an electronics CAD like KiCAD), Cakewalk and others I can't remember now. Think this: I still have to find a text editor which does not annoy me. I even poked Gambas to add some feature in the editor. The other problems of linux are the same of windows - sometimes you install something, and it screws up something else. No news here. Last time I
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
TO: nando-7 where did I mention I need drawing/ drafting tools? -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23687610.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
nando ha scritto: If you're looking for something CAD OpenOffice comes with Draw which is very similar to Corel in many ways. I use it to make PC Boards and drawings/etc. It works very well!! You might not have a link to it, so at the text prompt, type oodraw -Fernando Thanks for your interest. I know Open office Draw. In some aspect is better than CorelDraw, but... its value is about 15% of Corel. Correctly the OpenOffice guys aimed first, may be, at 90% of users. Corel draw still can do things well beyond. I used oodraw once to make a depliant about a product of mines, and the result was surprisingly fast and easy. But if you want more... you discover soon its limits. It is only a matter of time - even the oowrite word processor was limited at first, but at this time is superior to its counterpart - it lacks only in documentation (not to say that the m$ docs are far better... you got it...) Cheers and... long life to open source. We will win - no doubt. -- Doriano Blengino Listen twice before you speak. This is why we have two ears, but only one mouth. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
KhurramM ha scritto: Thanks a lot : Doriano Blengino and Benoît Minisini :handshake: It was really informative for me. :working: I just had a little curiosity in my mind. Its not related to Gambas directly. I do not have that much programming depth. But anyhow (now its off-topic) :thinking: IS it possible that a C based CRE or CVM just like javas' JRE or JVM, is made. Then ... would the package installation issue be over in all the unix-like distros? Is it possible? Is it feasible? But JVM consumes a lot of ram! :confused: Uhm... I don't want to say that... your ideas are... few but... well confused! :-) The runtime of C is called libc under linux. It interfaces a C program with the kernel (which is responsible for everything happens in a computer), and it works well for simple programs. Pure (and relatively simple) C programs are those at the base of the system - /bin/ls, for example, and more generally all those in /bin and /sbin (and others). But this runtime does not offer all the services a more complex program needs. If a GUI is needed, for example, a program must interface with X11 (under linux). But X11 is a complex matter, and to make a simple window appear several lines of code are required. So, some library comes in place, to simplify things - libraries like GTK or QT. The problem is that while the C library (and X11) are a well known standard, GTK and QT (and others) are still under heavy development, and so they change frequently. Users don't want to stay behind for more than few months, so there are around different versions of the same library, and different versions of the same program which use different version of the libraries, and some library requires other libraries and so on. You understand... All of that then has something to do with package installation. If you have a program X version 1.1, which uses library Y version 3.2, then you must insure that that library is present, to run program X. If you want to upgrade your program to version 1.2, surely it will use library Y version 3.3. But if you change your library Y, then your programs A, B, C, D will not run anymore. So you must upgrade them too. And this is the package manager duty. A java runtime does not escape from this rule, it is just a program or a library which needs other libraries. Perhaps a little step ahead is done, because the java runtime is mantained only by two major players, and realeases are not so frequent. But this is not an argument I know well. Hope this helps to answer your doubts. But I must add that new ideas like yours should be appreciated, even when not viable. Once upon a time, a wise man said something like: The reasonable man adapts himself to the world around him; the crazy one tries instead to adapt the world to himself. Therefore, all the human progresses and conquests are due to crazy men. Cheers and good night (at least for me), -- Doriano Blengino Listen twice before you speak. This is why we have two ears, but only one mouth. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
I made a little bluder, my code: PUBLIC SUB Main() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM count AS Integer ' The values are initialized at Zero, by above command DIM c AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (Ctrl+D to quit): LINE INPUT c PRINT c count += Len(c) WHILE NOT Eof ' This works excellent 'PRINT c1 LINE INPUT c count += Len(c) PRINT c WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END Works as I require it to on CLI gnome-terminal. It was a mis-print that EOF is not working. In my last post, every thing works as I want it to. Regarding Code from Ron_1st: It has two errors: 1 WHILE (cha \n) works instead of WHILE (cha KEY.Return) It doesnt recognise KEY.Return 2 It doesnt gives me the result I need. It moves endlessly. Ron_1st: If u think my above code needs to be re-adjusted, pls give suggestion, but it running absolutely fine, just like its C code, above. But your code needs more examination than that. I am still working on to run it. Thanks for all the suggestions and help. Best Regards -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23670597.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Technically, C doesn't 'put' garbage values into variables. Those values just happen to be there if you don't set it to something. Gambas wonderfully sets numeric variables to zero. You can think of it as NULL, I suppose, but ZERO is a numeric description dealing with numbers whereas NULL is usually referred to as something to do with characters, but NULL it is the value ZERO...so it all means the same except how humans talk about it. -Fernando -- Original Message --- From: KhurramM kms...@gmail.com To: gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net Sent: Fri, 22 May 2009 21:22:33 -0700 (PDT) Subject: Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives TO: Ron_1st Either I am wrong or u r: DIM k, countVar AS Integer PRINT k, countVar The output of these lines is: 0 0 How come u say that both integers are initialized to NULL. This is a super feature of Gambas versus C, which puts garbage values into variables of any type. Correct me if I am wrong. Best Regards -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character- manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23681295.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user --- End of Original Message --- -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Thanks for all the cooperation for this mini coding of mines. :handshake: Best Regards -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23681537.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
KhurramM ha scritto: Thanks Sir. You have given me tips better then the book I am following on C. :working: My two queries: 1 Can I implement ctrl+D or ^D, which I am not able to here, as in C? 2 The program works with INPUT and LINE INPUT. But Line Input also takes blank space as input, while INPUT ends the program over here. And I use string here, but in C it was integer? --- Just for reference: Well I made my program final as: PUBLIC SUB Main() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM c, count AS Integer DIM c1 AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (or Press Carriage Return to quit): LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) WHILE (c1 )' This is the best solution PRINT c1 LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END I put the following code in a program; the code is invoked by pressing Button1: PUBLIC SUB Button1_Click() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM c, count AS Integer DIM c1 AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (or Press Carriage Return to quit): WHILE NOT Eof LINE INPUT c1 PRINT c1 count += Len(c1) WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END Running the program inside the IDE, and using the internal console, no EOF is generated, but your version (which tested for empty lines) worked. Then I made an executable (Project menu - Generate - Executable) and launched it from a terminal. It runs correctly; you repeatedly type some text + ENTER, or you type Ctrl-D. The behaviour is correct and, as I was supposing, no Ctrl-D is detected inside the line input, but it is if you type ^D alone. As the routine is invoked every time Button1 is pressed, I tried to press Button1 again: after the first ^D no more characters are detected. This makes sense, because you cannot go past the EOF... Then I launched the following shell command: echo ciao |./dand.gambas Doing so, the standard input for the program is redirected elsewhere (the output of the echo command). The program works as expected - it counts 4 characters and senses the EOF correctly. Now, I suppose you are disappointed by INPUT and LINE INPUT, which are multi-char statements. If you want to process single characters, then you must use the READ statement (perhaps there is also a INKEY$) -- see the docs. Anyway, gambas does not have chars like C - you can use strings (of length 1); the ASC() function returns the numerical code of a character, and CHR() returns a char (a string of len 1) by giving its ascii code. There is no character to designate EOF - you must use the Eof() function. If you want to be a real gambas programmer, stop to put parenthesis around tests, like while (c1...)! :-) If you have a goal in mind, perhaps could be better you tell it, so we can help you more precisely. Cheers, -- Doriano Blengino Listen twice before you speak. This is why we have two ears, but only one mouth. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
I am converting the at the end C code to gambas code. But I seem to be
getting nowhere, currently. I am trying. Hope u guide me thru this.
' Gambas module file
' This program demonstrates the relationship
' between a text stream AND character I / O by
' reading characters FROM the keyboard AND THEN
' printing them TO the screen.
PUBLIC SUB Main()
' Declare AND initialize variables.
DIM c, count AS Integer
' The values are initialized at Zero, by above command
' READ , PRINT , AND count characters.
PRINT Enter characters (ctrl d to quit):
INPUT c
count += 1
WHILE NOT (c = Eof)
PRINT Chr$(c)
INPUT c
count += 1
WEND
' PRINT the number OF characters printed.
PRINT (count - 1) characters printed.
END
' Original C Code:
'/ * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * /
'/ * * /
'/ * This program demonstrates the relationship * /
'/ * between a text stream AND character I / O by * /
'/ * reading characters FROM the keyboard AND THEN * /
'/ * printing them TO the screen. * /
'#include stdio.h
'#include stdlib.h
'main()
'{
' / * Declare AND initialize variables. * /
' Int c, count = 0;
' / * READ , PRINT , AND count characters. * /
' printf(Enter characters (ctrl d to quit): \n);
' c = getchar();
' count + +;
' WHILE (c! = Eof)
' {
' putchar(c);
' c = getchar();
' count + +;
' }
' / * PRINT the number OF characters printed. * /
' printf(%i characters printed. \n, count - 1);
' / * EXIT Program. * /
' RETURN EXIT_SUCCESS;
'}
'/ * - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * /
'/ / NOTE:
'/ / FOR most OF the unix systems: Eof IS done by: ctrl d
The output in C cdoe is:
Enter characters (ctrl d to quit):
e
e
re
re
tyui
tyui
jhg mnkl
jhg mnkl
19 characters printed.
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Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
The Code: PUBLIC SUB Main() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM c, count AS Integer ' The values are initialized at Zero, by above command DIM c1 AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (Press Carriage Return Twice to quit): LINE INPUT c1 PRINT c1 count += Len(c1) WHILE NOT (c1 = Eof) LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) PRINT c1 WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END Gives me output: Enter characters (Press Carriage Return Twice to quit): 657uyguig 657uyguig uyt876896 uyt876896 21 characters printed. Is it OKAY, should I leave it here? I still dont get the feel of the C code here. I cant use ^Z to end the program and print output. :confused: -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23631663.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
KhurramM ha scritto: The Code: PUBLIC SUB Main() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM c, count AS Integer ' The values are initialized at Zero, by above command DIM c1 AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (Press Carriage Return Twice to quit): LINE INPUT c1 PRINT c1 count += Len(c1) WHILE NOT (c1 = Eof) LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) PRINT c1 WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END Gives me output: Enter characters (Press Carriage Return Twice to quit): 657uyguig 657uyguig uyt876896 uyt876896 21 characters printed. Is it OKAY, should I leave it here? I still dont get the feel of the C code here. I cant use ^Z to end the program and print output. :confused: Gambas and C are two very different beasts. Looking at your source, I can say the following: - LINE INPUT. This reads from stdin an entire line of text, terminated by an LF. It is different from INPUT because it reads a whole line, while INPUT tries to match number and words. It returns a string, which is different from C strings. - WHILE NOT (c1 = Eof). Gambas does not require to embed tests in parenthesis. Better to write while c1eof. Then, the EOF (end of file) is not a character, but a condition of a stream. A stream (or a file) is in EOF condition when there is no more data left to read. Sorry for this, but to see this as a character is a C stupid thing; it works, but it is inelegant. In the source you wrote Press enter twice to quit, so I would test for an empty string: while c1. Anyway, you can test for the end-of-file condition using Eof(), like you did. The Eof() is a function which tells if a stream is at end. It returns a boolean (true/false) value, and can not be compared to a string. If gambas does not gives you an error, then it is its fault. Gambas does not require parenthesis to invoke functions, so writing Eof is the same as writing Eof(). If Eof is invoked with a parameter, like Eof(myfile), it tests the indicated stream; if invoked without parameters, it tests the standard input. I am not sure how it couples with input/line input; you could also try while not eof instead of while c1Eof. The original C source you provided was not totally correct, and so is not id gambas descendant. Perhaps a better way to write the program could be: PRINT Enter characters (Press Carriage Return Twice to quit): do LINE INPUT c1 if c1= then break PRINT c1 count += Len(c1) loop PRINT count characters printed. This assumes to enter a null line to terminate. May be this also works (testing for eof): PRINT Enter characters (press ^D to terminate): while not eof LINE INPUT c1 PRINT c1 count += Len(c1) wend PRINT count characters printed. First note that on unix, the eof character is not Ctrl-Z but Ctrl-D. After that, I don't know how ^D works when coupled with LINE INPUT, which reads a full line. I did'nt test, but I suspect that you have to press ^D and Enter; it could work, but it could not... it depends on how LINE INPUT is implemented. Hope this helps - ask more if you need. Best regards, Doriano -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Thanks Sir. You have given me tips better then the book I am following on C. :working: My two queries: 1 Can I implement ctrl+D or ^D, which I am not able to here, as in C? 2 The program works with INPUT and LINE INPUT. But Line Input also takes blank space as input, while INPUT ends the program over here. And I use string here, but in C it was integer? --- Just for reference: Well I made my program final as: PUBLIC SUB Main() ' Declare AND initialize variables. DIM c, count AS Integer DIM c1 AS String ' READ , PRINT , AND count characters. PRINT Enter characters (or Press Carriage Return to quit): LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) WHILE (c1 )' This is the best solution PRINT c1 LINE INPUT c1 count += Len(c1) WEND ' PRINT the number OF characters printed. PRINT count characters printed. END -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23646969.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Register Now for Creativity and Technology (CaT), June 3rd, NYC. CaT is a gathering of tech-side developers brand creativity professionals. Meet the minds behind Google Creative Lab, Visual Complexity, Processing, iPhoneDevCamp asthey present alongside digital heavyweights like Barbarian Group, R/GA, Big Spaceship. http://www.creativitycat.com ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
[Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Hi all! I am still learning gambas. I need a little help in character manipulation. I C there are functions: getchar putchar fgetc isdigit Can these be implemented now in gambas. I failed to use the first two using chr and chr$. Thanks in advance for tips/ solution. -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23611042.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
Hi, getchar/putchar (as the name is saying) are for read/write single char to stdin/out chr(i) eg. chr$(i) will return char from ASCII code - sth. like itoa or (char)i in C, this has nothing to do with both above... You will need one of the input functions in gambas to get similar functionality in your gambas app. Some info on what you are trying to reach will be helpfull... kind regards Emil -Ursprungliche Nachricht- Von: KhurramM [mailto:kms...@gmail.com] Gesendet: Dienstag, 19. Mai 2009 09:24 An: gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net Betreff: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives Hi all! I am still learning gambas. I need a little help in character manipulation. I C there are functions: getchar putchar fgetc isdigit Can these be implemented now in gambas. I failed to use the first two using chr and chr$. Thanks in advance for tips/ solution. -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp2361104 2p23611042.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
Re: [Gambas-user] C Code character manipulation - alternatives
String Functions in Gambas see http://gambas.sourceforge.net/ for detailed info about them. * *Asc* Returns the ASCII code of a character in a string. * *Chr$* Returns a character from its ASCII code. * *Comp* Compares two strings. * *InStr* Searches a string into another string. * *LCase$* Converts a string to lowercase. * *Left$* Returns the first characters of a string. * *Len* Returns the length of a string. * *LTrim$* Strips white spaces from the left of a string. * *Mid$* Returns a part of a string. * *Replace*$ Replaces in a string a substring by another one. * *Right*$ Returns the last characters of a string. * *RInStr* Searches a string into another string from its right. * *RTrim*$ Strips white spaces from the right of a string. * *Scan* Splits a string against a regular expression pattern. * *Space*$ Returns a string containing only space. * *Split* Splits a string into substrings. * *String*$ Returns the same string concatenated many times. * *Subst*$ Substitutes strings in a pattern. * *Trim*$ Strips white spaces from a string. * *UCase*$ Converts a string to uppercase. On Tue, May 19, 2009 at 1:23 AM, KhurramM kms...@gmail.com wrote: Hi all! I am still learning gambas. I need a little help in character manipulation. I C there are functions: getchar putchar fgetc isdigit Can these be implemented now in gambas. I failed to use the first two using chr and chr$. Thanks in advance for tips/ solution. -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/C-Code-character-manipulation---alternatives-tp23611042p23611042.html Sent from the gambas-user mailing list archive at Nabble.com. -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user -- Crystal Reports - New Free Runtime and 30 Day Trial Check out the new simplified licensing option that enables unlimited royalty-free distribution of the report engine for externally facing server and web deployment. http://p.sf.net/sfu/businessobjects ___ Gambas-user mailing list Gambas-user@lists.sourceforge.net https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gambas-user
