Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On Sat, 2 Sep 2006 00:01:59 +0800 (CST) Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > It looks to me quite funny. It seems continue endlessly. boot was > symlink to "." that is perfectly normal. -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: I think I have to run another round again wiping out the complete HD. Yeah, I think so... Another thing, what did you mean "...Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel." When you compile the kernel, it is going to build a file called bzImage, that you have to copy to /boot. But it is very rare to copy it to /boot/bzImage...most linux users will rename the file to something else. Some people (and helper scripts like genkernel) prefer to use the full version of the kernel, so if you build a kernel from gentoo-sources-2.6.17-r5, you might: cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 ... or ... cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 ... or ... cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/mykernel-17r5 It is usually a good idea to keep a backup kernel in /boot that you can use in case a kernel upgrade goes wrong. So I usually keep 2 kernels, /boot/vmlinuz-2.6 and /boot/vmlinuz-safe. Once I know that vmlinuz-2.6 boots and works reliably, I will copy it to -safe. The second part about remembering the name for your boot loader refers to your menu.lst/grub.conf entries. You must specify the actual name that you copied your kernel image to, or (as you already saw), you will get a "file not found" when you try to boot. So if you copy bzImage to /boot/vmlinuz-2.6, you must use an entry like: title Whatever kernel hd(0,0)/vmlinuz-2.6 ... The title doesn't really matter, but the "kernel" line needs to reference your actual kernel file. Clear? -Richard -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Richard, > On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Ran > > # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot > > boot -> . > > grub > > lost+found > > Well, this is why you cannot boot. You do not have a kernel image in > /boot. > > Are you actually _following_ the guide that you posted a link to > originally, because you seem to have missed[1]: > > """ > When the kernel has finished compiling, copy the kernel image to > /boot. Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel > choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you > configure > your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the > name and version of your kernel. > > Code Listing 13: Installing the kernel > > # cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 > """ > > > It looks to me quite funny. It seems continue endlessly. boot was > > symlink to "." I completed all steps listed there at least in 2 rounds. I found; # ls -l /usr/src/linux lrwxrwxrwx1 root root12 Oct 13 11:04 /usr/src/linux -> linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 there. But now it disppears. I don't know why?. Even I can't find the directory "src" after chroot. Another directory I failed to find was "modules". I ran; # find / -name src -type d and # find / -name modules -type d Both no printout and could not find it. Beside the command "env-update", emerge, etc. were not found on "bash". I think I have to run another round again wiping out the complete HD. Another thing, what did you mean "...Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel." I used "kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7" previously. Tks. B.R. SL -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Ran # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot boot -> . grub lost+found Well, this is why you cannot boot. You do not have a kernel image in /boot. Are you actually _following_ the guide that you posted a link to originally, because you seem to have missed[1]: """ When the kernel has finished compiling, copy the kernel image to /boot. Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel. Code Listing 13: Installing the kernel # cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 """ It looks to me quite funny. It seems continue endlessly. boot was symlink to "." No, this is normal. It is to allow people to use hd(X,Y)/boot/kernel, even if hd(X,Y) is the "/boto" filesystem. There was no kernel nor bzimage there. Yes, you need to compile and install a kernel. > PS: please stop top-posting. Sorry I don't follow. Please advise. This is webmail direct from Yahoo site. I checked the mail option and could not find any top-posting option there. Top-posting[2] means that you are inserting your message above mine...and fully quoting my message. It means that if somebody wants to read this thread in the archives, they will have to read it starting at the bottom for it to make sense. It also means you are sending out a lot more text to the other subscribers on this list than you need to be, because you are sending my message in it's entirety...and the other subscribers have already received that. On this list, bottom-posting or interleaved replies is the normal format. So for yahoo, first delete out any parts of the quoted message that you are not responding to. Then insert your responses below. [1] http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1&chap=7 [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-posting HTH, -Richard -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Richard, Further to my late posting, after mounting # mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/gentoo # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot Ran # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot boot -> . grub lost+found # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot boot -> . grub lost+found # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot/boot boot -> . grub lost+found # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot/boot/boot boot -> . grub lost+found It looks to me quite funny. It seems continue endlessly. boot was symlink to "." There was no kernel nor bzimage there. B.R. SL --- Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Hi Richard, > > < snip > > > > So try specifying the paths without the /boot/ part. So your boot > > entry would look like: > > > > title Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7 > >kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2 > > Tried; > kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2 > and > kernel /kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2 > > Still the same "file not found" > > > kernel version was previously found by running; > # ls -l /usr/src/linux > /usr/sru/linux -> linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 > > Others noted with tks. > > > > PS: please stop top-posting. > > Sorry I don't follow. Please advise. This is webmail direct from > Yahoo site. I checked the mail option and could not find any > top-posting option there. > > B.R. > SL > -- > gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list > > -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Grub started but ending at; root (hd0,0) Filesystem type is ext2fs Partition type 0x83 kernel (hd0,0)/boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2 Error 15:File not found. Press any key to contiue Normally there is a symlink from /boot/boot -> /boot, so that you can use a /boot path even with a separate filesystem. However, I think it is better to use the actual paths of the files, So try specifying the paths without the /boot/ part. So your boot entry would look like: title Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7 kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2 Restarted PC and entered chroot environment again. Found /usr/src/linux file missing. It should be symbolic-linked to --> linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 /usr/src/linux should be a symlink to a kernel _source_ tree, not a compiled kernel. So probably more like /usr/src/linux -> /usr/src/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7. This has nothing to do with booting however. Would it be the result of previously running; # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab Um, yeah. -Richard PS: please stop top-posting. -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Richard,
After entering chroot environment re-installed grub;
# cat << EOF | grub
> root (hd0,0)
> setup (hd0)
EOF
Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p
(hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
Exited chroot and umount everythings. Rebooted PC.
Grub started but ending at;
root (hd0,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs Partition type 0x83
kernel (hd0,0)/boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
Error 15:File not found.
Press any key to contiue
Restarted PC and entered chroot environment again. Found
/usr/src/linux file missing. It should be symbolic-linked to -->
linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7
Failed to re-run
# USE="-doc symlink" emerge gentoo-sources
because "emerge" command not found.
Further discovery: new /etc/fstab
tmpfs /newroot tmpfs rw 0 0
/dev/hdd /newroot/mnt/cdrom iso9660 ro 0 0
/dev/loop/0 /newroot/mnt/livecd squashfs ro 0 0
proc /newroot/proc proc rw,nodiratime 0 0
sysfs /newroot/sys sysfs rw 0 0
udev /newroot/dev tmpfs rw,nosuid 0 0
devpts /newroot/dev/pts devpts rw 0 0
cachedir /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/splash/cache tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/splash/tmp tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/firmware tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/usr/portage tmpfs rw 0 0
usbfs /newroot/proc/bus/usb usbfs rw 0 0
/dev/hda2 / ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 rw,nogrpid 0 0
/dev/vg/usr /usr ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/home /home ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/var /var ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/opt /opt ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/tmp /tmp ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
none /proc proc rw,nodiratime 0 0
udev /dev tmpfs rw,nosuid 0 0
* end *
Would it be the result of previously running;
# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab
Tks
B.R.
SL
--- Richard Fish <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Edited /etc/fstab as follows;
> > /dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
>
> Does this filesystem contain a grub directory with stage2, menu.lst
> (or grub.conf), etc? What does grub/{menu.lst,grub.conf} contain?
>
> > # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab
>
> Um...you mean ">/etc/mtab", right? Otherwise your fstab is going to
> contain things that are not really necessary, like usbfs and sysfs
> filesystems
>
> Anyway, this step is really not even necessary even with mtab, as
> Gentoo will fix it when you boot.
>
>
> > Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it.
> Neither
> > "grub>" displayed.
>
> Did you install grub? If so, did you use grub-install or my previous
> instructions? What output did you get from that? I guess try
> re-installing grub.
>
> -Richard
> --
> gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
>
>
--
gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
Edited /etc/fstab as follows;
/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
Does this filesystem contain a grub directory with stage2, menu.lst
(or grub.conf), etc? What does grub/{menu.lst,grub.conf} contain?
# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab
Um...you mean ">/etc/mtab", right? Otherwise your fstab is going to
contain things that are not really necessary, like usbfs and sysfs
filesystems
Anyway, this step is really not even necessary even with mtab, as
Gentoo will fix it when you boot.
Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it. Neither
"grub>" displayed.
Did you install grub? If so, did you use grub-install or my previous
instructions? What output did you get from that? I guess try
re-installing grub.
-Richard
--
gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Richard and folks, Further to my late posting, tried again still failed. Steps performed as follows; After activating lv, vg, mounting device, partitions, etc.; # cd /mnt/gentoo # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev # chroot ./ ./bin/bash All w/o complaint # env-update -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found ignoring the above complaint and continued: # source /etc/profile # export PS1="(chroot) $PS1" both w/o complaint Edited /etc/fstab as follows; /dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2 /dev/hda2 / ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/hda3 / swap sw 0 0 /dev/vg/usr /usr ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/vg/home /home ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/vg/opt /opt ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/vg/var /var ext3 noatime 0 1 /dev/vg/tmp /tmp ext3 noatime 0 1 /proc proc default 0 0 /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0 /dev/cdrom1 /mnt/cdwriter auto noauto,user 0 0 * end * Ran # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab No complaint Exited chroot and umounted all devices and partitions. Rebooted PC. Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it. Neither "grub>" displayed. Tks B.R. SL -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Richard, Tks for your advice. > On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to; > > # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc > > # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev > > # env-update > > -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found. > > You need to chroot to /mnt/gentoo before running etc-update: Yes I did. Sorry for not listing them on my previous posting. Steps taken previously as follows; # cd /mnt/gentoo # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc # mount -o bind /dev/mnt/gentoo/dev # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash # env-update -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found. other commands also not found. If I start again wiping out the complete HD, following the steps on the handbook. Then it worked seamlessly. # env-update >> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache I can't resolve if after exiting chroot and re-enter chroot, commands will disappear. I tried many times in my previous rounds. > I think you've gotten confused by which console you are working on. > Normally the live CD starts several consoles (6?), that are > accessible > on Alt+F1 through Alt+F6. (The Ctrl+Alt combination is only needed > when switching from X to a console). So most likely, you were > working > on tty1 (Alt+F1). I'm sure on my previous rounds, [Ctrl+Alt+F4] switching back to the working console. Sometimes all work were there. Another time they were lost. I'll try your advice "Alt+F1" next time. Tks B.R. SL -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Because it's confusing. Why shouldn't I top post? On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to; # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev # env-update -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found. You need to chroot to /mnt/gentoo before running etc-update: # mount -bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev # cd /mnt/gentoo ; chroot ./ ./bin/bash # etc-update It did happen in my previous rounds. Other command such as "emerge" also found missing compelling me to wipe out the HD and to start again. Also chroot needed here? Problem about switching consoles. After "chroot" I can't read online manual. Therefore I have to press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F2 switching to another console. (I suppose the working console is [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F4). But after switching back to the working console all the work disappeared. It did happen occassionally but not always. Any advice? TIA. I think you've gotten confused by which console you are working on. Normally the live CD starts several consoles (6?), that are accessible on Alt+F1 through Alt+F6. (The Ctrl+Alt combination is only needed when switching from X to a console). So most likely, you were working on tty1 (Alt+F1). -Richard -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Hi Jarry and folks, Tks for your advice. Booting with a LiveCD: My problem booting with Knoppix5 is it does not support LVM, vgscan, vgchange, etc. not available. I can only boot with "Gentoo install-amd64-minimal-2006.0" After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to; # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev # env-update -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found. It did happen in my previous rounds. Other command such as "emerge" also found missing compelling me to wipe out the HD and to start again. Any suggestion. TIA Another problem I forgot to mention in my previous posting is; /lib/modules was missing # ls -al /lib | grep modules did not find it. Problem about switching consoles. After "chroot" I can't read online manual. Therefore I have to press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F2 switching to another console. (I suppose the working console is [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F4). But after switching back to the working console all the work disappeared. It did happen occassionally but not always. Any advice? TIA. B.R. SL --- Jarry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Stephen Liu wrote: > > > * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating. > > * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files. > > * end * > > # find /etc -iname '._cfg_*' > > No printout. Can't find the config files to be updated. > > Try: > # find /etc -iname '._cfg*' > > > 2) > > # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab > > - > > cursor hanging there > > Why doing this??? You should edit fstab, not mtab... > > > # grub install /dev/hda > > df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems > > df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems > > Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device. > > No wonder, see previous remark... > > > 4) > > # cat /etc/fstab > > That is just example which does not correspond with your layout... > > > On reboot only a black screen displayed. Please advise how to fix > the > > problem. TIA > > Boot livecd, mount partitions, correct errors... > > hth, > Jarry -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 18:27:03 +0200, Jarry wrote: Replying here because I didn't get the original: > Stephen Liu wrote: > > > * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating. > > * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files. > > * end * > > # find /etc -iname '._cfg_*' > > No printout. Can't find the config files to be updated. > > Try: > # find /etc -iname '._cfg*' Or even etc-update, which lists them all for you. Just don't use -5 without knowing exactly what you are doing. -- Neil Bothwick Phasers don't kill people...Unless you set them too high. signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start
Stephen Liu wrote: * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating. * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files. * end * # find /etc -iname '._cfg_*' No printout. Can't find the config files to be updated. Try: # find /etc -iname '._cfg*' 2) # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab - cursor hanging there Why doing this??? You should edit fstab, not mtab... # grub install /dev/hda df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device. No wonder, see previous remark... 4) # cat /etc/fstab That is just example which does not correspond with your layout... On reboot only a black screen displayed. Please advise how to fix the problem. TIA Boot livecd, mount partitions, correct errors... hth, Jarry -- gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
