InterPhil: ANN: Cross-cultural Trolley Papers
__ Announcement Theme: Cross-cultural Trolley Papers __ I am looking for papers that investigate cross-cultural differences in responses to trolley problems, i.e., empirical experiments that compare the responses of people from different cultures to some of the standard cases. That includes both papers that (a) explicitly compare judgments across cultures on a single scenario, or (b) look for differences in choices between two standard trolley scenarios for a non-WEIRD population. I am interested in both published and unpublished studies. The full list of papers I have found so far is below. If you know of anything that is not listed, would you be able to send it to me? The last two items on my list are things I am having trouble getting hold of/ getting hold of in english (Xiang, 2014, and Yamamoto, & Yuki, 2019). If you have either of them in English and can send them to me, I’d be very grateful. Best, Natalie Gold natalie.g...@kcl.ac.uk Cross-cultural trolley references Abarbanell, L., & Hauser, M. D. (2010). Mayan morality: An exploration of permissible harms. Cognition, 115(2), 207-224 Ahlenius, H., & Tännsjö, T. (2012). Chinese and Westerners respond differently to the trolley dilemmas. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 12(3-4), 195-201. Arutyunova, K. R., Alexandrov, Y. I., & Hauser, M. D. (2016). Sociocultural influences on moral judgments: East–west, male–female, and young–old. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 1334. Awad, E., Dsouza, S., Shariff, A., Rahwan, I., & Bonnefon, J. F. (2020). Universals and variations in moral decisions made in 42 countries by 70,000 participants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(5), 2332-2337. Gold, N., Colman, A. M., & Pulford, B. D. (2014). Cultural differences in responses to real-life and hypothetical trolley problems. Judgment and Decision making, 9(1), 65-76. Hauser, M., Cushman, F., Young, L., Kang‐Xing Jin, R., & Mikhail, J. (2007). A dissociation between moral judgments and justifications. Mind & language, 22(1), 1-21. Michelin, C., Tallandini, M., Pellizzoni, S., & Siegal, M. (2010). Should more be saved? Diversity in utilitarian moral judgment. Journal of cognition and culture, 10(1-2), 153-169. Moore, A. B., Lee, N. L., Clark, B. A., & Conway, A. R. (2011). In defense of the personal/impersonal distinction in moral psychology research: Cross-cultural validation of the dual process model of moral judgment. Judgment and Decision Making, 6(3), 186-195. O’Neill, P., & Petrinovich, L. (1998). A preliminary cross-cultural study of moral intuitions. Evolution and Human Behavior, 19(6), 349-367. Rehman, S., & Dzionek-Kozłowska, J. (2020). The Chinese and American Students and the Trolley Problem: A Cross-cultural Study. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 20(2), 31-41. Rhim, J., Lee, G. B., & Lee, J. H. (2020). Human moral reasoning types in autonomous vehicle moral dilemma: a cross-cultural comparison of Korea and Canada. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 39-56. Sheskin, M., Chevallier, C., Adachi, K., Berniūnas, R., Castelain, T., Hulín, M., ... & Baumard, N. (2018). The needs of the many do not outweigh the needs of the few: the limits of individual sacrifice across diverse cultures. Journal of cognition and culture, 18(1-2), 205-223. Sorokowski, P., Marczak, M., Misiak, M., & Białek, M. (2020). Trolley Dilemma in Papua. Yali horticulturalists refuse to pull the lever. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 1-6. Winking, J., & Koster, J. (2021). Small-scale utilitarianism: High acceptance of utilitarian solutions to Trolley Problems among a horticultural population in Nicaragua. Plos one, 16(4), e0249345. Winskel, H., & Bhatt, D. (2020). The role of culture and language in moral decision-making. Culture and Brain, 8(2), 207-225. Xiang, X. (2014). Would the Buddha Push the Man Off the Footbridge?: Systematic Variations in the Moral Judgment and Punishment Tendencies of Han Chinese, Tibetans and Americans (Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University). Yamamoto, S. & Yuki, M. (2019). What causes cross-cultural difference in reactions to the trolly problem? A cross-cultural study on the roles of relational mobility and reputation expectation. Research in Social Psychology, 35(2), 61-71. __ InterPhil List Administration: https://interphil.polylog.org InterPhil List Archive: https://www.mail-archive.com/interphil@list.polylog.org/ __
InterPhil: CFP: The Ethics of Business, Trade, and Global Governance
__ Call for Papers Theme: The Ethics of Business, Trade, and Global Governance Type: Interdisciplinary Conference Institution: Center for Ethics in Society, Saint Anselm College Department of Finance, University of Vienna Centre for Responsible Banking and Finance, University of St. Andrews Location: Wentworth-by-the-Sea, NH (USA) / Online Date: 3.–4.12.2021 Deadline: 31.8.2021 __ The Saint Anselm College Center for Ethics in Society, in cooperation with the Department of Finance at the University of Vienna and the University of St. Andrews Centre for Responsible Banking and Finance, announces a call for proposals for a conference on the economics, ethics, and governance of global commerce. The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the global economy. Because this has been a time of disruption and shifting economic power, it is an opportunity to reassess ethical and governance questions and debates about international trade and capital flows that will be essential to address in the post-COVID-19 recovery period. The goal of this interdisciplinary conference is to bring together ethicists, economists, political scientists, international relations scholars, policy experts, and business leaders to examine not only the political and economic impact of globalization but also how international trade and investment can be conducted more ethically as we move towards a “new normal” in a post-pandemic global context. Suggested topics or questions that a proposal could address include: * International Commerce - Economic and trade rebalancing - The rise of China and other emerging countries are shifting economic activity. How will this affect trade and commerce? - Acceleration of new technologies – New and disruptive technologies are advancing faster than the ability to manage and harness them. Digital platforms and automation are affecting production, trade, and workstyles: do they necessitate new business models/frameworks? - Uncertainty - Political and market instability create economic hardship, nationalism, and extremism, increasing risk and uncertainty. What are the effects on international trade and commerce? - Demographic Shifts – Emerging and developing economies have younger populations than developed economies. How will these demographic shifts change trade? - Do the benefits of portfolio liberalization, in terms of financial deepening, counteract its systemic risks? - What are the “externalities” of trade or foreign direct investment for democracy, human rights, civil peace, and state autonomy? - How does the global low interest rate environment affect the viability of exchange rate management? - How will big-data affect decision making about trade policy? - How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected trade and global supply chains? * Ethics - Are nations right to prioritize their own interests in the global economy, whether in trade or vaccine distribution? - Is globalization beneficial or detrimental to political communities? - What are the rights and responsibilities of economic actors engaging in the global economy? - Does free trade demand the free movement of peoples? - Do participants in international trade have a responsibility to ensure a more equitable distribution of benefits? - Should there be a shared responsibility to ensure that trading practices enable sustainable development and the recognition of human rights? - What responsibilities do multinational firms have to the communities where they do business? - Is offshoring morally problematic? Is offshoring necessarily part of a free trade system? - Should nations ensure that they produce essential goods within their own borders? * Global Governance - What are the social and political challenges to governing international trade and the movement of global capital? - What are the respective roles of corporations and governments in determining trade policy? - Are there advantages to bilateral as opposed to multilateral trade agreements? - Sustainability and Environmental Degradation – Rising demand is straining supplies of energy, food, water, and other resources. Unrestricted trade and commerce threaten the land, air, and water, and promote global warming. What national or global mechanisms should be in place to prevent further environmental degradation? - Who has the authority to make and enforce the rules and laws involved in the global economy? - How does international trade affect collective bargaining rights across nations? - What is the relationship between economic development and international trade? - What are the advantages and disadvantages of international organizations in regulating international economic relations? - Is the WHO’s Covax program an effective vehicle for shared global responsibility in vaccination distribution? Details for Preparing Proposals:
