general_protection result to die
hi; does general_protection trap necessarily result to die ? when executing this instruction : mov(%eax),%gs ,$ip turns to be general_protection. then it comes to debug() I have no clue for what has happend leads kernel to go here . it denotes what? Are there some adices here? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: relocatable modules' symbols
On Sun, Feb 24, 2013 at 04:00:37PM +0700, Mulyadi Santosa wrote:
On Sat, Feb 23, 2013 at 6:45 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote:
hi:
I have built vmlinux at the top dir of kernel source ,then I use objdump
to look into
its section information.I find the statup_32 which is the start routine
of kernel ,
locats at 0xc010. I know the 0x10 is the defined address for
locating
protect-mode code .But which I can not understand is the 0xc prefix
.where does it come from?
If my guess is right, that's because kernel mode code start at
0xc00 a.k.a a bit above 3 GiB on x86 32 bit machine
I have find this answer .
It is defined in lds script file .
here is the code :
SECTIONS
{
. = 0xC000 + 0x10;
/* read-only */
_text = .;/* Text and read-only data */
why use 0xC000 as its start ? why not just use 0x10 only ?
if use 0xC000,every linked symbole will be prefixed by 0xc , what is the
purpose ?
thanks!
--
regards,
Mulyadi Santosa
Freelance Linux trainer and consultant
blog: the-hydra.blogspot.com
training: mulyaditraining.blogspot.com
___
Kernelnewbies mailing list
Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org
http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: how to receive msgs in a channel?
On Sun, Feb 24, 2013 at 11:47:50AM +, Mark Cunningham wrote: Just type and press enter. By default it goes to the room not one person. I do as you say. after I type enter , it said: Cannot send to channel I am join as a guest .does this matter? Mark On Sun, Feb 24, 2013 at 2:02 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: I can see a list of users in that room ,but receive none msgs for a long time . how to send message to this room ?not just to one member. thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
relocatable modules' symbols
hi: I have built vmlinux at the top dir of kernel source ,then I use objdump to look into its section information.I find the statup_32 which is the start routine of kernel , locats at 0xc010. I know the 0x10 is the defined address for locating protect-mode code .But which I can not understand is the 0xc prefix .where does it come from? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
setup code
hi I am confused on booting from grub's rescue mode . As we know ,before the kernel start ,the setup code, which is from setup.S ,will be executed at front. If boot from rescue mode , will grub also load setup code and execute it ? or grub execute its own code doing the same work as setup ? then jump to kernel-start directly? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
gdtr value
hi:) The gdtr reg saves the base address of gdt , whether is this address a linear address or phisical address ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
exception before start_idt
hi:) i am debuging my kernel . Before the idt_setup of protect-mode , Is it normal that one page_fault exception occures? As I step into this instruction : lss stack_start,%esp , vm fire an page_fault exception, But at the intr vector check step, as the intr-table has not been setup . so it gives this : interrupt(): vector must be within IDT table limits, IDT.limit = 0x0. How to resolve this issure? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: MAX limit of file descriptor
thanks! Actually , my question comes from network performance ,I want to know ,in per second ,the maximum of tcp connections that can be dealed with by my server. How can I do the test and calculate the connection number , Is it possible that my server can deal with 10k tcp connections per second? what is the relationship between this and throughput rate? Is there document that tells the best optimization of this ? ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
MAX limit of file descriptor
hi:) In one process ,what is the max number of opening file descriptor ? Can it be set to infinite ? In network programing ,what is the essential for the maximum of connections dealed per second thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
hd controller
hi:) I am curious about how hd controller work . When user am reaing/writing hd ,it was implemented by sending command to hd controller's special port.Then ,how does the controller know a new command has received? In this procedure , what work does the hd driver do ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: hard disk dirver
On Wed, Feb 06, 2013 at 02:35:47AM -0500, valdis.kletni...@vt.edu wrote: On Wed, 06 Feb 2013 05:37:41 +0800, horseriver said: After grub load kernel and initrd , it get around root filesystem mounting , but failed with no finding root device ,from which kernel and initrd have been located . ls /dev/ ; there is no disk device node . Why? Any number of possible reasons, anything from an improperly configured kernel, to a misbuilt initrd, to a root= parameter that points root = ? You mean the aasignment at grub command line ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: hard disk dirver
hi:) I have a newbie question about hard ware. At booting stage,kernel need to detect the hard device before mount it, does this work need pci's surport? At loading stage ,boot loader need to move binaries from hard disk partition to ram,does this work need pci's surport? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
When does the /dev/sda1 node comes into being ?
hi:) During booting period .every device will have a node at /dev/ folder. what is the detail of ths procedure? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: hard disk dirver
Thanks for your reply! After grub load kernel and initrd , it get around root filesystem mounting , but failed with no finding root device ,from which kernel and initrd have been located . ls /dev/ ; there is no disk device node . Why? ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
print log
hi:) When kernel booting,there are a serial log printed on the screen, like this: Initial network ... can I redirect these logs into a logfile?How can I do ? Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: print log
On Mon, Feb 04, 2013 at 09:41:51AM +0100, Grzegorz Dwornicki wrote: 1. Look in /var/log for dmesg, kernel.log or kmsg. These files cn be created by syslog and one of them might contain this information. 2. Use dmesg command and grep it like this: dmesg | grep Initial Network myfile.txt Thanks! If I booting from bochs ,can I redirect these logs to the host OS? 4 lut 2013 09:25, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com napisał(a): hi:) When kernel booting,there are a serial log printed on the screen, like this: Initial network ... can I redirect these logs into a logfile?How can I do ? Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: open image file
hi:) I have a image file ,after I input this command: ** sh losetup /dev/loop0 xx.img sh mount -t tmpfs /dev/loop0 /mnt ** I find no content under /mnt ,But this image file contains a bootloader. What is the reason ? How can I check out the file tree structure of this image ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: open image file
hi: It is not a cpio archive , so that command can not work . its file system type is tmpfs. thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
open image file
hi: Is there mothod to look into a image file ? How can I know its filesystem? I have mounted my fd0 to /mnt with -t tmpfs ,but I find nothing under /mnt.How can I touch the files in image? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
newbie's question
hi:) I use fdisk to add a new partion on a image file. I find the start of partion 1 is alwayes set to 63 by default. That means partion 1 start at 63*512=32256 byte. Here is my question: 1. The region from 512th bytes to 32256th bytes will do what ? Why partion 1 don't follow MSR's location ? 2. The image's magic number is at which offset ? Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Boot from hard disk?
hi:) When boot from hard disk , is GURB at the MBR a must ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: How to make a bootable hard disk image?
Thanks! If I just only want to make a bootable hard disk image ,how can I do? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
How to make a bootable hard disk image?
hi:) I want to boot kernel from hard disk image ,because i am using a virtual machine . How to make this bootable image ? After I make it ,how do I put kernel Image into this image? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: GRUB question
On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 12:05:35PM +0530, Mandeep Sandhu wrote: On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 2:07 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi:) Is /boot/initrd.img a root filesystem? what is the filetype of it? Yes, it's a rootfs with minimal stuff needed for booting a workable system. why does this matter. doing 'file /boot/initrd.img' on my system shows its a gzip compressed file. Can I put initrd.img in a floppy to boot system ? I think you can. Provided you have the floppy driver compiled into your kernel. Thanks! Does this /boot/initrd.img file come out when building kernel ? how to build it? CMIIW. -mandeep thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: GRUB question
On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 03:07:13PM +0700, Mulyadi Santosa wrote: On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 5:10 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: Does this /boot/initrd.img file come out when building kernel ? how to build it? you use your distro supplied /sbin/mkinitrd or /sbin/mkinitramfs Thanks! I mean its content is from where ? After /sbin/mkinitrd , what stuff is needed to fill it ? -- regards, Mulyadi Santosa Freelance Linux trainer and consultant blog: the-hydra.blogspot.com training: mulyaditraining.blogspot.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
method to get backtrace of kernel function?
hi: Is there method for getting bt of a kernel functions? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: GRUB question
Of course, an initrd on floppy is kind of silly, because you still need to find someplace else to fit the actual kernel - which hasn't fit on a floppy for quite some time. Do we must need initrd.img to boot system ? Does this /boot/initrd.img file come out when building kernel ? how to build it? Your system should have either 'mkinitrd' or 'dracut' to build the initrd image. Some older systems will have 'mkinitramfs'. I know how to make a initrd image file , but put what data into it? Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
use of EXPORT_SYMBOL()
hi:) In kernel code ,what is the use of EXPORT_SYMBOL()? Does it export a function to user application , so this function can be used in user application ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
GRUB question
hi:) Is /boot/initrd.img a root filesystem? what is the filetype of it? Can I put initrd.img in a floppy to boot system ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
How to know the default mail delivery agent ?
hi: I have to know the default mail delivery agent on my system to configure mail client. Is there mothod? How mail delivery agent work for receiving mails? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
question on debug
hi: I am debuging kernel with gdb , when it comes into a page_fault exception ,how to get to know how does that address come out ? It is the same to ask : which code is using that address , causing the page_fault exception? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what is the difference between the two command?
On Sun, Jan 20, 2013 at 09:07:15AM -0800, Ian Lance Taylor wrote: On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 1:30 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 09:47:53PM -0800, Ian Lance Taylor wrote: On Fri, Jan 18, 2013 at 10:19 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: Here are two command for producting one .so file : 1. gcc -nostdlib -Wl,-T,vsyscall.lds vsyscall-int80.o -o vsyscall-int80.so 2. ld -T vsyscall.lds vsyscall-int80.o -o vsyscall-int80.so There is no substantive difference between these commands. There are various minor differences that probably don't matter. Use the -v option when invoking gcc to see precisely how it invokes the linker. In particular, invoking the linker via the gcc driver will cause some C++-specific operations to occur when needed, but since you aren't using C++ in this case they won't happen. Thanks! I have a weird problem here! When I type the 1 to make vsyscall-int80.so ,ld report error: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N But,When I type 2 to make vsyscall-int80.so,it works successfully. What is the reason? I don't know. Run the complete gcc command with the -v option and you will see precisely how it invokes the linker. gcc -v Using built-in specs. Target: i486-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Debian 4.4.5-8' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --enable-targets=all --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=i486-linux-gnu --host=i486-linux-gnu --target=i486-linux-gnu Thread model: posix which option make the two commands different? Thanks! Ian ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: why is this result ?
On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 09:15:23AM +0100, Jędrzej Dudkiewicz wrote: Because it's not possible to have an object with nonzero size. The address of every object must be unique, so they have to be separated by one byte anyway. thanks! Here I do not define a object of type A ,just do sizeof operation to a A struct ,not a specified object. So if I defined A a , does sizeof(a) have the same mean with sizeof(A) ? what does the sizeof operator essentially? Yes, sizeof(a) and sizeof(A) are identical. I understand sizeof(expr) as tell me how many bytes I need to store result of expression expr . When a is stored in one bytes, what is the mean or use of that byte data? -- Jędrzej Dudkiewicz I really hate this damn machine, I wish that they would sell it. It never does just what I want, but only what I tell it. ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Where this come out?
hi: I am linking a .so from one .o file with my specified linker script. In this linker script file , I do not use SIZEOF_HEADERS,but ld still report this error : Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N I really can not understand . Any advice is appreciated ! Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: Where this come out?
On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 10:53:26PM +0700, Mulyadi Santosa wrote:
On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 12:19 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote:
hi:
I am linking a .so from one .o file with my specified linker script.
In this linker script file , I do not use SIZEOF_HEADERS,but ld still
report this error :
Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N
you linker script ... can that be written down here, please? we are
not some sort of mind reader, you know?
Here is the script :
VSYSCALL_BASE = 0xe000;
SECTIONS
{
. = VSYSCALL_BASE ;
.hash : { *(.hash) }:text
.dynsym : { *(.dynsym) }
.dynstr : { *(.dynstr) }
.gnu.version: { *(.gnu.version) }
.gnu.version_d : { *(.gnu.version_d) }
.gnu.version_r : { *(.gnu.version_r) }
/* This linker script is used both with -r and with -shared.
For the layouts to match, we need to skip more than enough
space for the dynamic symbol table et al. If this amount
is insufficient, ld -shared will barf. Just increase it here. */
. = 0x400;
.text : { *(.text) }:text =0x90909090
.eh_frame_hdr : { *(.eh_frame_hdr) }:text :eh_frame_hdr
.eh_frame : { KEEP (*(.eh_frame)) } :text
.dynamic: { *(.dynamic) } :text :dynamic
.useless: {
*(.got.plt) *(.got)
*(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
*(.dynbss)
*(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
} :text
}
/*
* We must supply the ELF program headers explicitly to get just one
* PT_LOAD segment, and set the flags explicitly to make segments read-only.
*/
PHDRS
{
text PT_LOAD FILEHDR PHDRS FLAGS(5); /* PF_R|PF_X */
dynamic PT_DYNAMIC FLAGS(4); /* PF_R */
eh_frame_hdr 0x6474e550; /* PT_GNU_EH_FRAME, but ld doesn't match the name */
}
/*
* This controls what symbols we export from the DSO.
*/
VERSION
{
LINUX_2.6 {
global:
__kernel_vsyscall;
__kernel_sigreturn;
__kernel_rt_sigreturn;
local: *;
};
}
/* The ELF entry point can be used to set the AT_SYSINFO value. */
ENTRY(__kernel_vsyscall);
Thanks!
--
regards,
Mulyadi Santosa
Freelance Linux trainer and consultant
blog: the-hydra.blogspot.com
training: mulyaditraining.blogspot.com
___
Kernelnewbies mailing list
Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org
http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what is the difference between the two command?
On Sat, Jan 19, 2013 at 09:47:53PM -0800, Ian Lance Taylor wrote: On Fri, Jan 18, 2013 at 10:19 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: Here are two command for producting one .so file : 1. gcc -nostdlib -Wl,-T,vsyscall.lds vsyscall-int80.o -o vsyscall-int80.so 2. ld -T vsyscall.lds vsyscall-int80.o -o vsyscall-int80.so There is no substantive difference between these commands. There are various minor differences that probably don't matter. Use the -v option when invoking gcc to see precisely how it invokes the linker. In particular, invoking the linker via the gcc driver will cause some C++-specific operations to occur when needed, but since you aren't using C++ in this case they won't happen. Thanks! I have a weird problem here! When I type the 1 to make vsyscall-int80.so ,ld report error: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N But,When I type 2 to make vsyscall-int80.so,it works successfully. What is the reason? gcc -v Using built-in specs. Target: i486-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Debian 4.4.5-8' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,ob jc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-includ ed-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable- objc-gc --enable-targets=all --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=i486-linux-gnu --host=i486-linux-gnu --target=i486-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.5 (Debian 4.4.5-8) Ian ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: How to wake_up the wait_queue of a socket?
On Fri, Jan 18, 2013 at 10:18:19AM +0800, Peter Teoh wrote: essentially, when the packet arrive, it will be assigned to the correct process based on IP address + port matching, and then the corresponding process's blocked scheduling status will be changed to continue execution, so that when the scheduler next selection of runnable process will pick him out for continue execution. The process will then pick his data up from the network queue. Thanks! If there is no event occured on one socket descriptor , will the poll operation on this socket descriptor be blocked ? ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies -- Regards, Peter Teoh ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: working of fork and exec
In my opinion , fork and exec is based on independent task environment for per process , which is corresponding to task_struct . ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
how to get outsated mail ?
hi: If I subscribed a mail list at date x , how can I get those mail dated before x ? can I request maillist server to send those mail to my mail address ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: how to get outsated mail ?
On Fri, Jan 18, 2013 at 10:26:12PM -0800, Dave Hylands wrote: Hi, On Fri, Jan 18, 2013 at 10:53 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: If I subscribed a mail list at date x , how can I get those mail dated before x ? can I request maillist server to send those mail to my mail address ? Archives are located here: http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/pipermail/kernelnewbies/ Thanks! can I get these mail into my mail client? -- Dave Hylands Shuswap, BC, Canada http://www.davehylands.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
socket state after accept() return
hi: For one socket , which has been returned by accept() call , does its sk_state is assuredly already TCPF_ESTABLISHED ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what is the function of do_softirq() ?
hi: what is the function of do_softirq()? It is called by ksoftirqd() ,which is setup by : kernel_thread(ksoftirqd, hcpu, CLONE_KERNEL) ; thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Does driver wake_up a wait_queue on a socket file?
hi: When an net IRQ on a socket reached, does the driver wake_up socket's wait_queue at once ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what is the function of tcp_prequeue ?
hi: what is the function of tcp_prequeue ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: How to wake_up the wait_queue of a socket?
On Tue, Jan 15, 2013 at 12:25:10PM -0500, valdis.kletni...@vt.edu wrote: On Mon, 14 Jan 2013 17:50:03 +0800, horseriver said: When one datagram has reached , How to wake_up the wait_queue of that socket ? Please clarify your question - I'm not sure which of the following you mean: 1) How does the kernel wake up the waiting process when a datagram arrives? This is my mean ! Thanks ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what does this do ?
On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 09:27:45PM -0800, Dave Hylands wrote: Hi, On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 11:29 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: In kernel code . some function is defined by __attribute__((__section__(.initcall level .init))) what does this do ? It puts the address of the function in a linker section named .initcallX.init where X is replaced by the level. These functions are called in order to initialize various subsystems and drivers during kernel bootup. Thanks! Another question: __attribute__((regparm(3))); what does this do ? -- Dave Hylands Shuswap, BC, Canada http://www.davehylands.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what does this do ?
On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 07:20:46AM -0800, Ramesh.P wrote: Hi, On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 8:50 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 09:27:45PM -0800, Dave Hylands wrote: Hi, On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 11:29 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: In kernel code . some function is defined by __attribute__((__section__(.initcall level .init))) what does this do ? It puts the address of the function in a linker section named .initcallX.init where X is replaced by the level. These functions are called in order to initialize various subsystems and drivers during kernel bootup. Thanks! Another question: __attribute__((regparm(3))); what does this do ? Thank You! what the use of doing like this ? why tell gcc to pass param like this ? It causes the compiler to pass the argument (3 in this case) to be passed in registers (like EAX, ECX and EDX) instead of stack. Thanks, Ramesh -- Dave Hylands Shuswap, BC, Canada http://www.davehylands.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what does this do ?
On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 02:44:11PM +, Anuz Pratap Singh Tomar wrote: On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 4:50 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 09:27:45PM -0800, Dave Hylands wrote: Hi, On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 11:29 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: In kernel code . some function is defined by __attribute__((__section__(.initcall level .init))) what does this do ? It puts the address of the function in a linker section named .initcallX.init where X is replaced by the level. These functions are called in order to initialize various subsystems and drivers during kernel bootup. Thanks! Another question: __attribute__((regparm(3))); what does this do ? A simple google search should have answered this http://ohse.de/uwe/articles/gcc-attributes.html Synopsis regparm (NUMBER) Found in versions: 2.7-3.4 Description: Functions that take a variable number of arguments will continue to be passed all of their arguments on the stack. what does this mean? -- Dave Hylands Shuswap, BC, Canada http://www.davehylands.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies -- Thank you Warm Regards Anuz ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: where is the build rule for kernel's subdirs?
On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 08:32:57AM -0800, Randy Dunlap wrote: On 01/13/13 20:33, horseriver wrote: hi: How does kbuild build objects for subdirs of kernel source ? It goes into subdirs recursively. From top-level Makefile: # Objects we will link into vmlinux / subdirs we need to visit init-y:= init/ drivers-y := drivers/ sound/ firmware/ net-y := net/ libs-y:= lib/ core-y:= usr/ Then each subdir's Makefile has its own rules. I do not think so ! every makefile in these subdirs only have defined obj files ,but not contained build rules . Thanks! -- ~Randy ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: build rules for subdirs in kernel source
On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 10:44:28PM +0530, Vivek Gautam wrote: Hi, On Mon, Jan 14, 2013 at 10:36 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: How to build targets for every subdirs of kernel ? Is it the Makefile you want to look for. Make is the same linux utility to build a project consisting of multiple files. for example : drivers/* So we club the directories / subdirectories or files in the Makefile in order to compile (build them) Something like this: http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/drivers/Makefile I do not find the rules for build subdir's target Individual sub directories or files may be built based on some kernel config defined in Kconfig thanks! Hope this explains some of your doubts. Yeah!:) What is the use of scripts/makefile.build ? Thanks! -- Thanks Regards Vivek ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
How to wake_up the wait_queue of a socket?
hi: When one datagram has reached , How to wake_up the wait_queue of that socket ? Thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what mail list can discuss linux network details?
hi: Is there some mail list for discussion of network details? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what does this do ?
hi: In kernel code . some function is defined by __attribute__((__section__(.initcall level .init))) what does this do ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what does this do ?
On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 09:27:45PM -0800, Dave Hylands wrote: Hi, On Sun, Jan 13, 2013 at 11:29 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: In kernel code . some function is defined by __attribute__((__section__(.initcall level .init))) what does this do ? It puts the address of the function in a linker section named .initcallX.init where X is replaced by the level. why .initcall and level do not connect together with ## ? As I know , precompiler use ## to connect two strings Thanks! These functions are called in order to initialize various subsystems and drivers during kernel bootup. -- Dave Hylands Shuswap, BC, Canada http://www.davehylands.com ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: compile linux kernel 2.6.0 failed
On Wed, Jan 02, 2013 at 08:57:04AM -0800, Ian Lance Taylor wrote: On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 1:16 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: I am compiling 2.6.0 kernel with gcc 4.4.5 and link with ld 2.20 version. when linking .so , output this error : /usr/bin/ld: arch/i386/kernel/vsyscall-int80.so: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N does gcc generate the program headers ? why not enough room for it ? I guess it is because gcc version is not compitable with ld version is there some advice ? It is more likely to be an issue of compatibility between the kernel's linker script and the version of ld that you are using. you mean the vmlinux.lds which is in the arch/i386/kernel directory , does not compitable with /usr/ld which I'm using ? thanks! I don't know why this fails for you, but since GNU binutils 2.23 has been released, I would recommend trying that. Alternatively, since 2.6.0 is relatively old, trying using an older version of the GNU binutils. Ian ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
for a socket file , what does file-f_op-poll() do ?
hi: for a socket file point , what will this function do ? file-f_op-poll(); ///poll is declared in the file-operations struct . but I do not find this function's definition . Is there some advice? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
where is the build rules for drivers/* ?
hi: when building kernel , kbuild will work into every subdirs . for example: drivers/acpi directory ,there is a makefile , which construct all object files ,but where is the building rules for these file? how kbuild build them out ? Is script/makefile.build doing this work? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: internel implemention of file operation
hi: these two wayes of operating one file : 1.use open/write interface call . 2.mmap this file into memory , then access this memory area and do r/w . what is the essential difference between this teo wayes? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: internel implemention of file operation
On Fri, Jan 11, 2013 at 12:39:26PM +0530, Rajat Sharma wrote: Default read/write inerfaces are better suited for sequential read/write within your program. Although you can seek to any location within the file, you still have overhead to issue system calls to get data. However mmap allows you to map a section of file into program address space. Default read/write inerfaces does not move file's data to process address space ? when r/w a file descript which returnd by open() , how do the file data move from one place to another place ? For each time the write function being called , will kernel call filesystem's driver's write to respond ?? In my opinion,kernel will passed a buffer's head address which is passed form user-layer into driver,then driver will fill this buffer with file's data which is got by filesystem's read operation ? Am I right? Thanks! -Rajat On Fri, Jan 11, 2013 at 2:44 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: these two wayes of operating one file : 1.use open/write interface call . 2.mmap this file into memory , then access this memory area and do r/w . what is the essential difference between this teo wayes? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what is the difference between poll and epoll ?
On Fri, Jan 11, 2013 at 07:36:04AM +0800, Peter Teoh wrote: Read this (classic answer): http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4093185/whats-the-difference-between-epoll-poll-threadpool and from below: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4039832/select-vs-poll-vs-epoll Which will bring you to: http://daniel.haxx.se/docs/poll-vs-select.html and http://www.kegel.com/c10k.html and the three are explained in depth here: http://www.makelinux.net/ldd3/chp-6-sect-3 The difference are also explained here: http://www.winddisk.com/2012/03/28/epoll%E4%B8%8Eselectpoll%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB/ and comes with a pictorial diagram as u have requested. Thanks! Very Great! On Tue, Jan 8, 2013 at 4:35 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: I know epoll is event triger model ,but I do not know internel surpport for it . is there some illustration for epoll's frame or internel implementation? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies -- Regards, Peter Teoh ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: /usr/ld Not enough room for program headers
On Wed, Jan 09, 2013 at 08:51:36PM +0800, Peter Teoh wrote:
On Wed, Jan 9, 2013 at 6:36 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote:
On Wed, Jan 09, 2013 at 01:28:12PM +0800, Peter Teoh wrote:
On Sun, Jan 6, 2013 at 11:17 AM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com
wrote:
VSYSCALL_BASE = 0xe000;
SECTIONS
{
. = VSYSCALL_BASE ;
.hash : { *(.hash) }:text
.dynsym : { *(.dynsym) }
.dynstr : { *(.dynstr) }
.gnu.version: { *(.gnu.version) }
.gnu.version_d : { *(.gnu.version_d) }
.gnu.version_r : { *(.gnu.version_r) }
I suspect something wrong with VSYSCALL_BASE + value here.
look at this:
http://marcbug.scc-dc.com/svn/repository/trunk/linuxkernel/linux-2.6.16-mcemu/arch/x86_64/ia32/vsyscall.lds
and doing a diff with your ld script, there is not much diff, except for
the VSYSCALL_BASE + SIZEOF_HEADER
thanks!
I do not understand what this error /usr/ld Not enough room for program
headers really mean ?
if I add SIZEOF_HEADER , this error is still reproted ,
when ld link files , does it only need a ld-script file ? or more than one
ld-script files ?
portion.
Read here to understand how SIZEOF_HEADER is calculated:
http://www.math.utah.edu/docs/info/ld_3.html#SEC13
Not sure why do u want to shift the whole section by SIZEOF_HEADER down in
bytes?
--
Regards,
Peter Teoh
___
Kernelnewbies mailing list
Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org
http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what is the difference between poll and epoll ?
hi: I know epoll is event triger model ,but I do not know internel surpport for it . is there some illustration for epoll's frame or internel implementation? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: /usr/ld Not enough room for program headers
On Fri, Jan 04, 2013 at 11:34:24AM +0400, Игорь Пашев wrote: 2013/1/4 horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com Not enough room for program headers Try to search the Web for this. E. g.: http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-gnu-utils/2002-08/msg00176.html thanks! in my compile option. I have specifiedmy ld-script file ,and there is no SIZEOF_HEADER in that file , but where this error come from ? ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: what is SYSCALL in arch/i386/kernel/Makefile
On Sun, Jan 06, 2013 at 01:01:47PM +0100, richard -rw- weinberger wrote: On Sat, Jan 5, 2013 at 6:12 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: In arch/i386/kernel/Makefile , there is a SYSCALL , what is it ? Nobody can help you without providing more information. Current kernels don't have arch/i386/kernel/Makefile. i386 and x86_64 got merged a long time ago thanks ! when make in my arch/i386/kernel dir , gcc need to build a .so file , it calls ld to link ,but failed with this error : not enough room for program headers ,I know it is due to SIZEOF_HEADER buidin function, but I do not know how to fix it ld has been told to link with specilized ld-script ,which not use SIZEOF_HEADER. so I feel it is confusing appreciate for helps! -- Thanks, //richard ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what is SYSCALL in arch/i386/kernel/Makefile
hi: In arch/i386/kernel/Makefile , there is a SYSCALL , what is it ? thank! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
question about compilation in directory linux-2.6.0\arch\i386\kernel
hi: in the makefile ,I can not find link options for vsyscall-int80.so, I want to add a option for ld how can I do this ? thank! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
what is SYSCALL in kernel makefile
hi: In arch/i386/kernel/Mkaefile : quiet_cmd_syscall = SYSCALL $@ what does this mean ? I can not fins SYSCALL's definition any advice is appreciate! thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: internel implemention of file operation
On Thu, Jan 03, 2013 at 01:16:06PM +0530, Rajat Sharma wrote: will it be maped with vm_area struct ? Yes if it is accessed via mmap system call. you know that , in the struct vm_area_struct,there is a struct vm_operations_struct * vm_ops; in this vm_operations_struct , there are open/close functions , are there necessary relations between file operations and this struct ? thanks! what is the relation between page-cache and file operation? file operations for data access like read/write will look into page-cache first before going to disk. -Rajat ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
compile linux kernel 2.6.0 failed
hi: I am compiling 2.6.0 kernel with gcc 4.4.5 and link with ld 2.20 version. my host os is 2.6.32 kernel . when linking .so , output this error : /usr/bin/ld: arch/i386/kernel/vsyscall-int80.so: Not enough room for program headers, try linking with -N does gcc generate the program headers ? why not enough room for it ? I guess it is because gcc version is not compitable with ld version is there some advice ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
internel implemention of file operation
hi: when one file is opened , does its data be put into memory ? and all operation on this file will be implemented by operation on its mapping memory area ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
Re: internel implemention of file operation
On Thu, Jan 03, 2013 at 12:48:01PM +0530, Rajat Sharma wrote: Never heard of page-cache? will it be maped with vm_area struct ? what is the relation between page-cache and file operation? thanks! On Thu, Jan 3, 2013 at 12:29 PM, horseriver horseriv...@gmail.com wrote: hi: when one file is opened , does its data be put into memory ? and all operation on this file will be implemented by operation on its mapping memory area ? thanks! ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies ___ Kernelnewbies mailing list Kernelnewbies@kernelnewbies.org http://lists.kernelnewbies.org/mailman/listinfo/kernelnewbies
