Re: [LEAPSECS] the epoch of TAI, with no more doubt

2019-01-22 Thread Michael Deckers via LEAPSECS


   On 2019-01-22 05:17, Steve Allen wrote:



Curiously there is not a big jump in the value of UT2 - A3 at that
same date which would have been caused by changing from the old
expression for UT2 - UT1 to the new expression.  I surmise that this
means Stoyko and Guinot did correct the old values of UT2 for the
change in that formula.


   In [https://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/taiepoch.html], the
   table F on page 74 in fact does not show a step in ΔA3 = UT2 - A3
   between the lines for 1961 January 00 and January 05 (which is
   why you could interpolate linearly to obtain UT2 - A3 = -1.4123 s
   for 1961-01-01).

   And the column "WWV3" equally shows no step at 1961-01-01,
   and since it is probably meant to be "BIH integrated atomic time
   - time signaled by WWV3" (where the latter should include the
   step down by 5 ms), the point of tabulation "Janvier 0" may
   actually be the instant when UT2 was 1960 Dec 31 - 5 ms.
   So yes, the entry may have been "corrected".

   Anyway, a jump down by 5 ms occurred in (what was later baptized)
   UTC on 1961-01-01 (see [Explanatory Supplement 1992, p 87]).
   I always thought that this was done to adapt to the jump in UT2
   caused by the change in the formula for UT2 - UT1, but from the
   graphs in [https://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/seasonal.html]
   (thanks!) I have to conclude that UT2 must have made an
   upward jump by about 5 ms, while the step by 5 ms in UTC
   at 1961-01-01 definitely was a downward jump (it is also included
   as such in the SOFA function iauDat()). Did I make a sign error?

   Michael Deckers.

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Re: [LEAPSECS] leapseconds, converting between GPS time (week, second) and UTC

2019-01-22 Thread Steve Allen
On Mon 2019-01-21T15:32:27-0800 Paul Hirose hath writ:
> On 2019-01-16 1:35, Steve Allen wrote:
> > So starting 1970-01-01 DCF77 changed to broadcast Stepped Atomic Time
> > (SAT) with second markers that were 1 SI second apart except on
> > occasions when they were 1.2 SI seconds apart in order that the time
> > markers would stay close to UT2.

> I don't know when DCF77 inserted the step adjustments, so I created a small
> table sufficient for an example.

In Bulletin Horaire series J there are announcements of when
and how big jumps should be inserted into SAT.  I don't know
what meeting prescribed that responsibility to them, but they
did it.

If the BIH continued to do this then when Germany shifted from old
rubber UTC to SAT in 1970 they were almost certainly following the BIH
jumps.  Starting in 1967 BIH stopped Bulletin Horaire and started
Circular D and their Annual Report.  The BIH Circulars may be hard to
find, but BIH Annual Report is in libraries.

--
Steve Allen  WGS-84 (GPS)
UCO/Lick Observatory--ISB 260  Natural Sciences II, Room 165  Lat  +36.99855
1156 High Street   Voice: +1 831 459 3046 Lng -122.06015
Santa Cruz, CA 95064   https://www.ucolick.org/~sla/  Hgt +250 m
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