[MARMAM] New Publication

[Adam Frankel]

We are pleased to announce the publication of our paper in Marine Mammal 
Science:

Gray whales hear and respond to signals from a 21–25 kHz active sonar
Adam S. Frankel and Peter J. Stein

Shore‐based theodolite tracking of eastern gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) 
movements was conducted to test for potential whale responses to a 
high‐frequency sonar system. Southbound migrating whales were observed from two 
California shore observation stations as the whales swam past the source vessel 
that was moored in their migration path. The sonar transducer was deployed from 
the vessel during all observations, broadcasting 21–25 kHz sweeps for half of 
each day, the other half remaining silent. The order of control and 
experimental periods was randomized. No readily apparent response to sonar 
transmissions was observed in the field or in the visual data. Statistical 
analysis of tracking data indicates that, compared to control data, gray whales 
deflected inshore at ranges of 1–2 km from the vessel during sonar 
transmissions at a received sound pressure level of approximately 148 dB re 1 
μPa2 (134 dB re 1 μPa2s). These data suggest that the functional hearing 
sensitivity of gray whales extends to at least 21 kHz.

The paper is available at:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10./mms.12700

or PDFs can be requested from adam.fran...@marineacoustics.com

Mahalo,
adam





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[MARMAM] New Publication

[Adam Frankel]

Hello MARMAM community,

My co-authors and I are pleased to announce our recent publication in
Endangered Species Research:

Frankel, A. S. and C. M. Gabriele (2017). "Predicting the acoustic exposure of 
humpback whales from cruise and tour vessel noise in Glacier Bay, Alaska, under 
different management strategies." Endangered Species Research 34: 397-415.  
https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00857 

Abstract
Vessel traffic management regimes intended to protect baleen whales can have un-
expected consequences on whale exposure to underwater noise. Using the Acoustic 
Integration
Model, we simulated whale and vessel movements in Glacier Bay National Park 
(GBNP). We esti-
mated vessel noise exposures to humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae while 
varying the
number, speed (13 vs. 20 knots [kn]), and timing of cruise ships, and keeping a 
constant number,
speed, and timing of smaller tour vessels. Using calibrated noise signatures 
for each vessel and the
known sound velocity profile and bathymetry of Glacier Bay, we estimated 
received sound levels
for each simulated whale every 15 s in a 24 h period. Simulations with fast 
ships produced the
highest maximal sound pressure level (MSPL) and cumulative sound exposure 
levels (CSEL).
Ships travelling at 13 kn produced CSEL levels 3 times lower than those 
traveling at 20 kn. We
demonstrated that even in cases where a ship is only a few dB quieter at a 
slower speed, CSEL is
lower, but the ship’s transit may take substantially longer. Synchronizing ship 
arrival times had lit-
tle effect on CSEL or MSPL but appreciably decreased cumulative sound exposure 
time (CSET).
Overall, our results suggest that the most effective way to reduce humpback 
whale acoustic expo-
sure in GBNP is to reduce the numbers of cruise ships or their speed, although 
adjusting ship
schedules may also be beneficial. Marine protected area managers may find these 
results illustra-
tive or adapt these methods to better understand the acoustic effects of 
specific vessel manage-
ment circumstances.

KEY WORDS: Acoustic propagation · Vessel noise · Chronic exposure · Management ·
Cumulative effects · Marine Protected Area




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[MARMAM] Marine Wildlife Behavioral Database Workshop

[adam frankel]

We would like to announce a workshop at the 2007 Society for Marine
Mammalogy Meeting.  The Marine Wildlife Behavior Database Workshop will be
held at the Convention Center on Tuesday afternoon, November 27.

We have been working on a project to create and populate a behavioral
database for marine animals. This is intended, in part, to support animal
behavior movement models, including those incorporated into impact
assessment models.

The objectives of the workshop are to convene researchers collecting
behavior data on marine mammals to discuss the proposed standard for
measuring and reporting diving, movement, and acoustic characteristics of
marine wildlife.

We have planned several talks and discussions to review the origin and
status of this effort and also welcome other presenters that may wish to
contribute. Abstracts for submitted talks are due by 17 August and
participants are encouraged to pre-register because space is limited.

The abstract submission page and more details are posted at:
http://www.edc.uri.edu/MWBD.
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