Write Apt and Accurate English (adv)
Keyboard "Write Apt And Accurate English" Dear friends, The aim of the LCCI Certificate in English for Business Level 2 programme is to enable candidates to develop the ability to undersatnd and write English using formats that are current and common in business communication. Objectives to enable candidates to develop the ability to: Write apt and accurate English suited to the stated purpose Write business correspondence in a clear and concise manner Adopt the tone, form, layout, content and composition appropriate to the requirements of a given situation Effectively resolve problems through writing Participate in conversations Course Outline Communications in business Common errors in business writing Effective business writing Styles in business writing The art of business writing The buslness letter The business report Memorandum Leaftlet development Notice for business Article writing List format Email writing Administrative Details Course Name: LCCI Certificate in English for Business level 2 Start Date: 16.08.11 End Date: 15.11.11 Day/Time: Tuesday / 7pm to 10pm Course Duration: 13 sessions (3hrs per session) Training Venue: 19 Carpenter Street. (near Clarke Quay MRT station) Course Fee: $250nett with SDF grant ( for Singapore Citizen and Singapore PR only) Other fees: Admin fee @ $15nett,Course book @ $25nett, Exam fee @ $135nett Course fee without SDF grant @ $530nett (for non Singapore citizen and PR ) For enquiry or registration Contact Binson Lim @ 91783929 or email : bin...@edutrainingresources.com.sg Training Provider: Edu Training Resources Pte Ltd , 40C Hongkong Street , Singapore 05967 LCCI or The london Chamber of Commerce and Industry has over 100 years of experience in providing trusted and valued business-related qualifications. Employers and professional bodies recognise the LCCI international qualifications. LCCI's range of courses is designed to deliver the skills essential for success in todays's demanding business environment
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
On Sun, Jul 24, 2011 at 7:27 AM, Tomas Vavrys wrote: > Hello, > > I am looking for a new cheap PC for assembly learning purposes, > because I don't want to break my current workstation. If you are doing only userland development, why would it break your current workstation? In fact, if you managed to write something that can break your workstation (other than a denial of service, but a simple kill -9 processid will solve that problem), you've found or tickled a bug. Then once you have more experience, you'd know what you want to play with, then spend the $$ at that time. -- http://www.glumbert.com/media/shift http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGvHNNOLnCk "This officer's men seem to follow him merely out of idle curiosity." -- Sandhurst officer cadet evaluation. "Securing an environment of Windows platforms from abuse - external or internal - is akin to trying to install sprinklers in a fireworks factory where smoking on the job is permitted." -- Gene Spafford learn french: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30v_g83VHK4
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
On 07/24/11 07:27, Tomas Vavrys wrote: > Hello, > > I am looking for a new cheap PC for assembly learning purposes, > because I don't want to break my current workstation. > > I was thinking about > http://www.tekmote.nl/epages/61504599.sf/nl_NL/?ObjectPath=/Shops/61504599/Products/CFL-006 > > but I am a little bit worried about current status "All on-board > devices are supported, but the framebuffer is currently limited to the > 640x400x8 video mode set up by the firmware." What is the status in > -current at the moment? > > This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like > to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or > CISC? Should I buy rather x86? "yes" I'm assuming you mean "assembly language", not putting hardware together... If so, what's your purpose? Learning a particular assembly language? In which case, you get a machine of the exact type you plan to be coding for. If you are after the more generic "learning microprocessors at a low level", you need SEVERAL, really. Its a bit like learning a human language, I suspect (while I learned many different processors Way Back When, I'm hopelessly monolingual in the human world, but I've heard multi-lingual people tell me this) -- Learn one, you know one barely. Learn two, the third and later come quickly and easily, and you learn a lot more about your first. The good news is you don't need to buy new hardware. For anything you are likely to do for the near term, the slowest processor will assemble code and run rapidly for you. So, get yourself a PII or PIII for x86, a sparc and a sparc64, an amd64 system (this one you probably have to pay for), and a mac68k (we're bringing that port back. I don't think I can fully answer "why"). Nick.
Re: iwi versus ath scan
On Sun, Jul 24, 2011 at 8:55 AM, Daniel Melameth wrote: > I recently picked up another notebook and the ath card in it cannot > see my SSIDs (meth, meth2.4 and open) at home. However, my two other > notebooks, one using iwi and other other running Windows, can see > these just fine (and all three notebooks are next to each other). The > following is an ifconfig scan from both 4.8-stable machines, but the > issue is also reproducible with a snapshot--any ideas appreciated. > > iwi0: flags=8802 mtu 1500 >lladdr 00:13:ce:c7:e4:f6 >priority: 4 >groups: wlan egress >media: IEEE802.11 autoselect >status: no network >ieee80211: nwid meth2.4 wpapsk [redacted] wpaprotos wpa1,wpa2 > wpaakms psk wpaciphers tkip,ccmp wpagroupcipher tkip 100dBm >nwid wings chan 11 bssid 00:1e:2a:05:26:8c 51dB 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid patrice chan 11 bssid 00:1e:e5:78:48:78 36dB 54M > privacy,short_slottime >nwid Juventus12 chan 1 bssid 40:4a:03:dd:a5:55 43dB > 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid JadeMoose chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:29 58dB 54M > privacy,short_slottime >nwid JadeMoose-guest chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:2a > 59dB 54M short_slottime >nwid meth chan 10 bssid ac:a0:16:85:f7:00 70dB 54M > privacy,spectrum_mgmt >nwid meth2.4 chan 9 bssid ac:a0:16:ba:fc:b0 71dB 54M > privacy,short_preamble >nwid open chan 9 bssid ac:a0:16:ba:fc:b1 73dB 54M short_preamble >nwid Wireless chan 6 bssid e0:91:f5:b3:62:64 61dB 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime > > ath0: flags=8822 mtu 1500 >lladdr 00:05:4e:51:1d:a4 >priority: 4 >groups: wlan >media: IEEE802.11 autoselect >status: no network >ieee80211: nwid "" >nwid "" chan 11 bssid 00:00:00:00:00:00 0% 54M short_slottime >nwid wings chan 11 bssid 00:1e:2a:05:26:8c 0% 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid patrice chan 11 bssid 00:1e:e5:78:48:78 0% 54M > privacy,short_slottime >nwid qwest9941 chan 1 bssid 00:24:37:10:3f:f0 0% 54M > privacy,short_slottime >nwid Lockton-Private chan 11 bssid 00:24:6c:11:f3:f0 > 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid Lockton-Guest chan 11 bssid 00:24:6c:11:f3:f1 0% > 54M short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid Sevjan chan 4 bssid 00:24:b2:e0:64:e1 0% 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid Juventus12 chan 1 bssid 40:4a:03:dd:a5:55 0% 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime >nwid JadeMoose chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:29 0% 54M > privacy,short_slottime >nwid JadeMoose-guest chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:2a 0% > 54M short_slottime >nwid SharonRoth chan 2 bssid a0:21:b7:a1:20:ba 0% 54M > privacy,short_preamble >nwid Wireless chan 6 bssid e0:91:f5:b3:62:64 0% 54M > privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime Upon further analysis, it appears ath has an issue with APs that do not send beacons at 11b rates--and this is only obsernable with OpenBSD as the issue is not reproducible with the same card under Windows. Reconfiguring my Cisco AP to allow non-OFDM rates allows ath to see the SSIDs, but this also allows the AP to serve 11b clients, which is not desirable. Anyone else experiencing this?
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
Again, I am not the right to answer, but try to guess it yourself. It is a different architecture, but... http://www.openbsd.org/pegasos.html Regards, David On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: > This looks also promising... http://www.genesi-usa.com/products > Are there any plans to support this architecture? > > 2011/7/24 David Vasek : >> Hi! >> >> I am not the right person to answer this and don't want to spread any >> nonsense. There are others here who are. >> >> What I can say is, any m68k CPU in its era was much much saner than any >> member of the x86 family. Today, I would rather look for more sanity at >> sparc64 (which survives in rather small niche market) or alpha (which has >> been violently murdered). But hey, I don't have assembler level experience >> with neither of these two. >> >> Nonetheless, as I said earlier, I would focus on the platform which is the >> target of my development efforts. >> >> Regards, >> David >> >> >> On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Billy wrote: >> >>> David, >>> >>> If "learning a sane and proper computer architecture" is the perpose, what >>> system do you recommend from the list of platform that OBSD supports? >>> >>> thanks and regards, >>> >>> bill >>> >>> David Vasek )s 2011&~7$k24$i $U$H7:52 >> On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: > This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like > to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or > CISC? Should I buy rather x86? Buy the platfrom you want to learn. x86 architecture is full of its design issues and is quite different from others, but if you want to develop for x86, then it does not make sense to learn anything else instead of it. Regards, David
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Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
This looks also promising... http://www.genesi-usa.com/products Are there any plans to support this architecture? 2011/7/24 David Vasek : > Hi! > > I am not the right person to answer this and don't want to spread any > nonsense. There are others here who are. > > What I can say is, any m68k CPU in its era was much much saner than any > member of the x86 family. Today, I would rather look for more sanity at > sparc64 (which survives in rather small niche market) or alpha (which has > been violently murdered). But hey, I don't have assembler level experience > with neither of these two. > > Nonetheless, as I said earlier, I would focus on the platform which is the > target of my development efforts. > > Regards, > David > > > On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Billy wrote: > >> David, >> >> If "learning a sane and proper computer architecture" is the perpose, what >> system do you recommend from the list of platform that OBSD supports? >> >> thanks and regards, >> >> bill >> >> David Vasek E C3 2011E~7B$C+24B$C) B$UB$D 7:52 E:gE!DDG >> >>> On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: >>> This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or CISC? Should I buy rather x86? >>> >>> Buy the platfrom you want to learn. x86 architecture is full of its >>> design issues and is quite different from others, but if you want to develop >>> for x86, then it does not make sense to learn anything else instead of it. >>> >>> Regards, >>> David
Re: xf86 driver won't compile
>> In order to get applications like mplayer to work properly, I need to >> compile an ATI Radeon 4200 driver from x.org. >This is what I use >sh ./configure --prefix=/usr/X11R6 \ --sysconfdir=/etc \ --mandir=/usr/X11R6/man \ --with-xorg-module-dir=/usr/X11R6/lib/modules \ --disable-kms >make >sudo make install >Works with 6.14.2 >Regards >Nigel Taylor Hi misc, I have a laptop with ATI chipset (from dmesg): vga1 at pci1 dev 5 function 0 "ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4200" rev 0x00 wsdisplay0 at vga1 mux 1: console (80x25, vt100 emulation) wsdisplay0: screen 1-5 added (80x25, vt100 emulation) radeondrm0 at vga1: apic 4 int 18 drm0 at radeondrm0 azalia0 at pci1 dev 5 function 1 "ATI Radeon HD 4200 HD Audio" rev 0x00: msi azalia0: no supported codecs From reading this thread I am led to believe that my graphics performance will be better if I compile & install the xf86 driver. However, I could not find any info on the openbsd site or mailing list on how to do this, except for radeon(4) man page, and this posting (for a different radeon card): http://www.mail-archive.com/misc@openbsd.org/msg79746.html 1) Do the lines above in the dmesg indicate this driver is already installed on my system? If so, is compiling a new driver likely to result in, for example, less frame dropping in mplayer fullscreen mode? 2) Is this where I should get the code from?: http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/driver/xf86-video-ati 3) Once compiled (using the configure options at the top of this email), is there some other configuration changes I need to make to the system, so this driver will load when I boot computer or startx? 4) Is there any sites that I missed where this is already explained? Thanks, Brett.
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Com o aumento do uso da Internet e do correio eletrtnico (e-mail), tornou-se grande o nzmero de pessoas mal-intencionadas que tentam utilizar esses meios para realizar fraudes. Por isso, a informagco i a melhor maneira de se prevenir contra estes tipos de agues. Para auxilia-lo a respeito do assunto, Pedimos que confirme todos os seus dados bancarios. Essas medidas contribuem para aumentar ainda mais sua seguranga em transagues bancarias pela Internet. [demime 1.01d removed an attachment of type image/jpeg which had a name of fraudes_seguranca.jpg] [demime 1.01d removed an attachment of type image/jpeg which had a name of ok.jpg]
Re: OPenBSD 4.9 i386, Asus EEE 701, no network
> Rudi, post a complete dmesg, always. There can be interactions that might
> not be obvious, so always post the complete dmesg.
Here it comes, included in the body and as an attachment.
Cheers,
Rudi
OpenBSD 4.9 (GENERIC) #671: Wed Mar 2 07:09:00 MST 2011
dera...@i386.openbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/compile/GENERIC
cpu0: Intel(R) Celeron(R) M processor 900MHz ("GenuineIntel" 686-class)
631 MHz
cpu0:
FPU,V86,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,CFLUSH,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,TM,SBF
real mem = 527527936 (503MB)
avail mem = 508768256 (485MB)
mainbus0 at root
bios0 at mainbus0: AT/286+ BIOS, date 03/03/08, BIOS32 rev. 0 @ 0xf0010,
SMBIOS rev. 2.5 @ 0xf06e0 (37 entries)
bios0: vendor American Megatrends Inc. version "0910" date 03/03/2008
bios0: ASUSTeK Computer INC. 701
acpi0 at bios0: rev 0
acpi0: sleep states S0 S3 S4 S5
acpi0: tables DSDT FACP APIC OEMB MCFG
acpi0: wakeup devices P0P3(S4) P0P4(S4) P0P5(S4) P0P6(S4) P0P7(S4)
MC97(S4) USB1(S3) USB2(S3) USB3(S3) USB4(S3) EUSB(S3)
acpitimer0 at acpi0: 3579545 Hz, 24 bits
acpimadt0 at acpi0 addr 0xfee0: PC-AT compat
cpu0 at mainbus0: apid 0 (boot processor)
cpu0: apic clock running at 70MHz
ioapic0 at mainbus0: apid 1 pa 0xfec0, version 20, 24 pins
acpimcfg0 at acpi0 addr 0xe000, bus 0-255
acpiprt0 at acpi0: bus 0 (PCI0)
acpiprt1 at acpi0: bus 5 (P0P3)
acpiprt2 at acpi0: bus 3 (P0P5)
acpiprt3 at acpi0: bus 1 (P0P6)
acpiec0 at acpi0
acpicpu0 at acpi0: C3, C2
acpitz0 at acpi0: critical temperature 90 degC
acpibat0 at acpi0: BAT0 model "701" serial type LION oem "ASUS"
acpiac0 at acpi0: AC unit offline
acpiasus0 at acpi0
acpibtn0 at acpi0: LID_
acpibtn1 at acpi0: SLPB
acpibtn2 at acpi0: PWRB
acpivideo0 at acpi0: VGA_
acpivout0 at acpivideo0: CRTD
acpivout1 at acpivideo0: TVOD
acpivout2 at acpivideo0: LCDD
bios0: ROM list: 0xc/0xf800!
pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0: configuration mode 1 (bios)
pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 "Intel 82915GM Host" rev 0x04
vga1 at pci0 dev 2 function 0 "Intel 82915GM Video" rev 0x04
wsdisplay0 at vga1 mux 1: console (80x25, vt100 emulation)
wsdisplay0: screen 1-5 added (80x25, vt100 emulation)
intagp0 at vga1
agp0 at intagp0: aperture at 0xd000, size 0x1000
inteldrm0 at vga1: apic 1 int 16 (irq 5)
drm0 at inteldrm0
"Intel 82915GM Video" rev 0x04 at pci0 dev 2 function 1 not configured
azalia0 at pci0 dev 27 function 0 "Intel 82801FB HD Audio" rev 0x04:
apic 1 int 16 (irq 5)
azalia0: codecs: Realtek ALC662
audio0 at azalia0
ppb0 at pci0 dev 28 function 0 "Intel 82801FB PCIE" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
16 (irq 5)
pci1 at ppb0 bus 4
ppb1 at pci0 dev 28 function 1 "Intel 82801FB PCIE" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
17 (irq 11)
pci2 at ppb1 bus 3
lii0 at pci2 dev 0 function 0 "Attansic Technology L2" rev 0xa0: apic 1
int 17 (irq 11), address 00:1f:c6:e8:d0:8d
atphy0 at lii0 phy 1: F2 10/100 PHY, rev. 2
ppb2 at pci0 dev 28 function 2 "Intel 82801FB PCIE" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
18 (irq 10)
pci3 at ppb2 bus 1
uhci0 at pci0 dev 29 function 0 "Intel 82801FB USB" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
23 (irq 7)
uhci1 at pci0 dev 29 function 1 "Intel 82801FB USB" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
19 (irq 3)
uhci2 at pci0 dev 29 function 2 "Intel 82801FB USB" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
18 (irq 10)
uhci3 at pci0 dev 29 function 3 "Intel 82801FB USB" rev 0x04: apic 1 int
16 (irq 5)
ppb3 at pci0 dev 30 function 0 "Intel 82801BAM Hub-to-PCI" rev 0xd4
pci4 at ppb3 bus 5
ichpcib0 at pci0 dev 31 function 0 "Intel 82801FBM LPC" rev 0x04: PM
disabled
pciide0 at pci0 dev 31 function 2 "Intel 82801FBM SATA" rev 0x04: DMA,
channel 0 wired to compatibility, channel 1 wired to compatibility
wd0 at pciide0 channel 1 drive 0:
wd0: 1-sector PIO, LBA, 3815MB, 7815024 sectors
wd0(pciide0:1:0): using PIO mode 4, Ultra-DMA mode 4
ichiic0 at pci0 dev 31 function 3 "Intel 82801FB SMBus" rev 0x04: apic 1
int 19 (irq 0)
iic0 at ichiic0
spdmem0 at iic0 addr 0x50: 512MB DDR2 SDRAM non-parity PC2-3200CL3
SO-DIMM
usb0 at uhci0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0 at usb0 "Intel UHCI root hub" rev 1.00/1.00 addr 1
usb1 at uhci1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1 at usb1 "Intel UHCI root hub" rev 1.00/1.00 addr 1
usb2 at uhci2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2 at usb2 "Intel UHCI root hub" rev 1.00/1.00 addr 1
usb3 at uhci3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3 at usb3 "Intel UHCI root hub" rev 1.00/1.00 addr 1
isa0 at ichpcib0
isadma0 at isa0
pckbc0 at isa0 port 0x60/5
pckbd0 at pckbc0 (kbd slot)
pckbc0: using irq 1 for kbd slot
wskbd0 at pckbd0: console keyboard, using wsdisplay0
pms0 at pckbc0 (aux slot)
pckbc0: using irq 12 for aux slot
wsmouse0 at pms0 mux 0
pcppi0 at isa0 port 0x61
spkr0 at pcppi0
npx0 at isa0 port 0xf0/16: reported by CPUID; using exception 16
mtrr: Pentium Pro MTRR support
umass0 at uhub2 port 1 configuration 1 interface 0 "ENE UB6225" rev
2.00/1.00 addr 2
umass0: using SCSI over Bulk-Only
scsibus0 at umass0: 2 targets, initiator 0
sd0 at scsibus0 targ 1 lun 0: SCSI0
0/direct removable
sd0: drive offline
uvideo0 at uhub3 port 2 configuration 1 interface 0 "eMPIA Technology
EeePC701 camera" rev 2.00/
OPenBSD 4.9 i386, Asus EEE 701, no network
Hi folks, I wanted to give OpenBSD a new try and installed it on my Asus EEEPC 701. Install went well, but for some reason the network interface lii0 reports "no carrier". Since I have no network in the OpenBSD computer, please forgive me for not going through the regular sendbug routine but posting the bug report directly to this mailing list. Just to make sure this is not a hardware problem: I test booted Ubuntu 10.04.1 i386 desktop from CD ROM and network was fully functional. I did not change anything in the hardware between boots, and the network cable remained untouched. Here is what I did after startup: - log in as root - type "ifconfig lii0 192.168.1.55" Result: - "ifconfig lii0" returns: lii0: flags=8843 mtu 1500 lladdr priority: 0 media: Ethernet autoselect (none) status: no carrier inet6 - if I instruct ifconfig to use a particular media type, the media line reflects this correctly, but the "status: no carrier" stays the same. Here are the lines /var/run/dmesg.log contains about the lii0 device: lii0 at pci2 dev 0 function 0 "Attansic Technology L2" rev 0xa0: apic 1 int 17 (irq 11), address my MAC address> atphy0 at lii0 phy1: F2 10/100 PHY, rev. 2 I hope this helps you, please contact me if you need further info or if you want me to try some experiments. Cheers, Rudi
Re: amd64-current GENERIC.MP kernel doesn't boot on ThinkPad SL510
On 07/24/11 20:45, Pascal Stumpf wrote: On Sun, Jul 24, 2011 at 07:53:00PM +0300, Oleksii Zhmyrov wrote: Hi, misc@ I have discovered that amd64-current SMP kernel doesn't boot on Lenovo Thinkpad SL510. The boot process stops after string: mtrr: Pentium Pro MTRR support and laptop becomes unresponsive. GENERIC kernel boots normally. Output of dmesg from GENERIC kernel and pcidump -xx is under the signature. How can I help to fix this issue? Known issue. It's the webcam that fails to attach. Actually, sometimes it will boot, sometimes it won't (randomly). Disable the webcam in the BIOS as a workaround. Thanks for your answer. Disabling the webcam solved the problem.
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
Hi! I am not the right person to answer this and don't want to spread any nonsense. There are others here who are. What I can say is, any m68k CPU in its era was much much saner than any member of the x86 family. Today, I would rather look for more sanity at sparc64 (which survives in rather small niche market) or alpha (which has been violently murdered). But hey, I don't have assembler level experience with neither of these two. Nonetheless, as I said earlier, I would focus on the platform which is the target of my development efforts. Regards, David On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Billy wrote: > David, > > If "learning a sane and proper computer architecture" is the perpose, > what system do you recommend from the list of platform that OBSD > supports? > > thanks and regards, > > bill > > David Vasek )s 2011&~7$k24$i $U$H7:52 >> On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: >> >>> This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like >>> to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or >>> CISC? Should I buy rather x86? >> >> Buy the platfrom you want to learn. x86 architecture is full of its >> design issues and is quite different from others, but if you want to >> develop for x86, then it does not make sense to learn anything else >> instead of it. >> >> Regards, >> David
Re: who open port
On Sun, 24 Jul 2011 20:40:18 +0300 lilit-aibolit wrote: > simple question: how to see, who or which program open tcp/udp port? > fstat | grep internet (there might be other ways...)
Re: amd64-current GENERIC.MP kernel doesn't boot on ThinkPad SL510
On Sun, Jul 24, 2011 at 07:53:00PM +0300, Oleksii Zhmyrov wrote: > Hi, misc@ > > I have discovered that amd64-current SMP kernel doesn't boot on > Lenovo Thinkpad SL510. The boot process stops after string: > > mtrr: Pentium Pro MTRR support > > and laptop becomes unresponsive. GENERIC kernel boots normally. > Output of dmesg from GENERIC kernel and pcidump -xx is under the signature. > How can I help to fix this issue? Known issue. It's the webcam that fails to attach. Actually, sometimes it will boot, sometimes it won't (randomly). Disable the webcam in the BIOS as a workaround.
amd64-current GENERIC.MP kernel doesn't boot on ThinkPad SL510
Hi, misc@ I have discovered that amd64-current SMP kernel doesn't boot on Lenovo Thinkpad SL510. The boot process stops after string: mtrr: Pentium Pro MTRR support and laptop becomes unresponsive. GENERIC kernel boots normally. Output of dmesg from GENERIC kernel and pcidump -xx is under the signature. How can I help to fix this issue? -- Oleksii Zhmyrov National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Institute of Physics and Technology Tel: +38 (063) 496 2695 OpenBSD 5.0-beta (GENERIC) #2: Sat Jul 23 14:31:59 EEST 2011 root@thinkpad.sl510:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC real mem = 4121640960 (3930MB) avail mem = 3997831168 (3812MB) mainbus0 at root bios0 at mainbus0: SMBIOS rev. 2.5 @ 0xe0010 (44 entries) bios0: vendor LENOVO version "6JET86WW (1.44 )" date 02/11/2011 bios0: LENOVO 2875RS2 acpi0 at bios0: rev 4 acpi0: sleep states S0 S3 S4 S5 acpi0: tables DSDT FACP HPET MCFG APIC BOOT SSDT SSDT SSDT acpi0: wakeup devices P0P2(S4) P0P1(S4) USB0(S3) USB1(S3) USB2(S3) USBR(S3) EHC1(S3) USB3(S3) USB4(S3) USB5(S3) EHC2(S3) HDEF(S4) PXSX(S4) RP01(S4) PXSX(S4) RP02(S4) PXSX(S4) RP03(S4) PXSX(S4) RP04(S4) PXSX(S4) RP05(S4) RP06(S4) BLAN(S4) LID_(S3) SLPB(S3) acpitimer0 at acpi0: 3579545 Hz, 24 bits acpihpet0 at acpi0: 14318179 Hz acpimcfg0 at acpi0 addr 0xe000, bus 0-255 acpimadt0 at acpi0 addr 0xfee0: PC-AT compat cpu0 at mainbus0: apid 0 (boot processor) cpu0: Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU T4500 @ 2.30GHz, 2294.59 MHz cpu0: FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CFLUS H,DS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,SBF,SSE3,MWAIT,DS-CPL,EST,TM2,SSSE3,CX1 6,xTPR,PDCM,XSAVE,NXE,LONG cpu0: 1MB 64b/line 4-way L2 cache cpu0: apic clock running at 253MHz cpu at mainbus0: not configured ioapic0 at mainbus0: apid 2 pa 0xfec0, version 20, 24 pins acpiprt0 at acpi0: bus 0 (PCI0) acpiprt1 at acpi0: bus -1 (P0P2) acpiprt2 at acpi0: bus 9 (P0P1) acpiprt3 at acpi0: bus 2 (RP01) acpiprt4 at acpi0: bus 3 (RP02) acpiprt5 at acpi0: bus 4 (RP03) acpiprt6 at acpi0: bus 5 (RP04) acpiprt7 at acpi0: bus 6 (RP05) acpiprt8 at acpi0: bus 8 (RP06) acpiec0 at acpi0 acpicpu0 at acpi0: C2, C1, PSS acpitz0 at acpi0: critical temperature is 105 degC acpithinkpad0 at acpi0 acpiac0 at acpi0: AC unit online acpibat0 at acpi0: BAT1 model "42T4755" serial 2299 type LION oem "SONY" acpibtn0 at acpi0: LID_ acpibtn1 at acpi0: PWRB acpibtn2 at acpi0: SLPB cpu0: Enhanced SpeedStep 2294 MHz: speeds: 2300, 1600, 1200 MHz pci0 at mainbus0 bus 0 pchb0 at pci0 dev 0 function 0 "Intel GM45 Host" rev 0x09 vga1 at pci0 dev 2 function 0 "Intel GM45 Video" rev 0x09 wsdisplay0 at vga1 mux 1: console (80x25, vt100 emulation) wsdisplay0: screen 1-5 added (80x25, vt100 emulation) intagp0 at vga1 agp0 at intagp0: aperture at 0xd000, size 0x1000 inteldrm0 at vga1: apic 2 int 16 drm0 at inteldrm0 "Intel GM45 Video" rev 0x09 at pci0 dev 2 function 1 not configured uhci0 at pci0 dev 26 function 0 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 16 uhci1 at pci0 dev 26 function 1 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 21 uhci2 at pci0 dev 26 function 2 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 19 ehci0 at pci0 dev 26 function 7 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 19 usb0 at ehci0: USB revision 2.0 uhub0 at usb0 "Intel EHCI root hub" rev 2.00/1.00 addr 1 azalia0 at pci0 dev 27 function 0 "Intel 82801I HD Audio" rev 0x03: msi azalia0: codecs: Realtek ALC269, Intel/0x2802, using Realtek ALC269 audio0 at azalia0 ppb0 at pci0 dev 28 function 0 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci1 at ppb0 bus 2 "JMicron SD/MMC" rev 0x00 at pci1 dev 0 function 0 not configured sdhc0 at pci1 dev 0 function 2 "JMicron SD Host Controller" rev 0x00: apic 2 int 16 sdmmc0 at sdhc0 "JMicron Memory Stick" rev 0x00 at pci1 dev 0 function 3 not configured "JMicron xD" rev 0x00 at pci1 dev 0 function 4 not configured ppb1 at pci0 dev 28 function 1 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci2 at ppb1 bus 3 ppb2 at pci0 dev 28 function 2 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci3 at ppb2 bus 4 ppb3 at pci0 dev 28 function 3 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci4 at ppb3 bus 5 "Realtek 8192SE" rev 0x10 at pci4 dev 0 function 0 not configured ppb4 at pci0 dev 28 function 4 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci5 at ppb4 bus 6 ppb5 at pci0 dev 28 function 5 "Intel 82801I PCIE" rev 0x03: msi pci6 at ppb5 bus 8 re0 at pci6 dev 0 function 0 "Realtek 8101E" rev 0x02: RTL8102EL (0x2480), apic 2 int 17, address 60:eb:69:02:7f:37 rlphy0 at re0 phy 7: RTL8201L 10/100 PHY, rev. 1 uhci3 at pci0 dev 29 function 0 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 23 uhci4 at pci0 dev 29 function 1 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 19 uhci5 at pci0 dev 29 function 2 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 18 ehci1 at pci0 dev 29 function 7 "Intel 82801I USB" rev 0x03: apic 2 int 23 usb1 at ehci1: USB revision 2.0 uhub1 at usb1 "Intel EHCI root hub" rev 2.00/1.00 addr 1 ppb6 at pci0 dev 30 function 0 "Intel 82801BAM Hub-to-PCI" rev 0x93 pci7 at ppb6 bus 9 pcib0 at
build from source vs. rc.d files
Hello, may be this is something I simply overlooked, but I found out (hard way) that my way of building/updating -current system from source (FAQ 5.3 + FAQ 5.5 w/o "Making a release" + sysmerge) left my system without new /etc/rc.d/ startup files (and may be some else). Is this a) bug, b) documented feature, or c) my stupidity? If c) is right, what is "the right way" of complete upgrade -current system from source? Alexander
iwi versus ath scan
I recently picked up another notebook and the ath card in it cannot see my SSIDs (meth, meth2.4 and open) at home. However, my two other notebooks, one using iwi and other other running Windows, can see these just fine (and all three notebooks are next to each other). The following is an ifconfig scan from both 4.8-stable machines, but the issue is also reproducible with a snapshot--any ideas appreciated. iwi0: flags=8802 mtu 1500 lladdr 00:13:ce:c7:e4:f6 priority: 4 groups: wlan egress media: IEEE802.11 autoselect status: no network ieee80211: nwid meth2.4 wpapsk [redacted] wpaprotos wpa1,wpa2 wpaakms psk wpaciphers tkip,ccmp wpagroupcipher tkip 100dBm nwid wings chan 11 bssid 00:1e:2a:05:26:8c 51dB 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid patrice chan 11 bssid 00:1e:e5:78:48:78 36dB 54M privacy,short_slottime nwid Juventus12 chan 1 bssid 40:4a:03:dd:a5:55 43dB 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid JadeMoose chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:29 58dB 54M privacy,short_slottime nwid JadeMoose-guest chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:2a 59dB 54M short_slottime nwid meth chan 10 bssid ac:a0:16:85:f7:00 70dB 54M privacy,spectrum_mgmt nwid meth2.4 chan 9 bssid ac:a0:16:ba:fc:b0 71dB 54M privacy,short_preamble nwid open chan 9 bssid ac:a0:16:ba:fc:b1 73dB 54M short_preamble nwid Wireless chan 6 bssid e0:91:f5:b3:62:64 61dB 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime ath0: flags=8822 mtu 1500 lladdr 00:05:4e:51:1d:a4 priority: 4 groups: wlan media: IEEE802.11 autoselect status: no network ieee80211: nwid "" nwid "" chan 11 bssid 00:00:00:00:00:00 0% 54M short_slottime nwid wings chan 11 bssid 00:1e:2a:05:26:8c 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid patrice chan 11 bssid 00:1e:e5:78:48:78 0% 54M privacy,short_slottime nwid qwest9941 chan 1 bssid 00:24:37:10:3f:f0 0% 54M privacy,short_slottime nwid Lockton-Private chan 11 bssid 00:24:6c:11:f3:f0 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid Lockton-Guest chan 11 bssid 00:24:6c:11:f3:f1 0% 54M short_preamble,short_slottime nwid Sevjan chan 4 bssid 00:24:b2:e0:64:e1 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid Juventus12 chan 1 bssid 40:4a:03:dd:a5:55 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime nwid JadeMoose chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:29 0% 54M privacy,short_slottime nwid JadeMoose-guest chan 6 bssid 68:7f:74:9d:64:2a 0% 54M short_slottime nwid SharonRoth chan 2 bssid a0:21:b7:a1:20:ba 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble nwid Wireless chan 6 bssid e0:91:f5:b3:62:64 0% 54M privacy,short_preamble,short_slottime
rdate(8) -c and EXAMPLES
hi there, i have always used the EXAMPLE given in rdate(8) for manually syncing the clock on my vmware openbsd images after coming back from hybernation. but i have noticed that even after ntpd stabilized the situation, the clock was still always off: $ sudo rdate -ncv ptbtime1.ptb.de Sun Jul 24 14:13:35 CEST 2011 rdate: adjust local clock by 23.997476 seconds after more head scratching i realised that the man page is using -c for correcting leap seconds. $ sudo rdate -nv ptbtime1.ptb.de Sun Jul 24 14:27:38 CEST 2011 rdate: adjust local clock by -24.000235 seconds ntpd doesn't seem to care/know about leap seconds and nor do i. from rdate(8): -c Correct leap seconds. Sometimes required when synchronizing to an NTP server. When synchronizing using the RFC 868 protocol, use this option only if the server does not correctly account for leap seconds. You can determine if you need this parameter if you sync against an NTP server (with this parameter) or (recommended) check with a local radio controlled watch or phone service. "sometimes required" is quite ambigous. when? the "You can ..." sentence is not making a lot of sense to me i am afraid. it also does not make it clear that the -c corrected time will be a different "breed" of time, a breed most of the internet does not seem to care about, making the openbsd box always 24s off from the rest of the world until ntpd adjusts it gradually back.. i believe a better example would be: - # rdate -ncv ptbtime1.ptb.de + # rdate -nv ptbtime1.ptb.de i also think that suggesting using rdate in cron is outright dangerous and a big no-no _especially_ with ntpd in base. for example older versions of dovecot used to simply die if time jumped backwards (http://wiki.dovecot.org/TimeMovedBackwards). -f --
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
David, If "learning a sane and proper computer architecture" is the perpose, what system do you recommend from the list of platform that OBSD supports? thanks and regards, bill David Vasek )s 2011&~7$k24$i $U$H7:52 On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: > >> This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like >> to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or >> CISC? Should I buy rather x86? > > Buy the platfrom you want to learn. x86 architecture is full of its design issues and is quite different from others, but if you want to develop for x86, then it does not make sense to learn anything else instead of it. > > Regards, > David
Re: PC for assembly learning purposes
On Sun, 24 Jul 2011, Tomas Vavrys wrote: This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or CISC? Should I buy rather x86? Buy the platfrom you want to learn. x86 architecture is full of its design issues and is quite different from others, but if you want to develop for x86, then it does not make sense to learn anything else instead of it. Regards, David
Re: 4.7 ospfd FIB/RIB synchronization
On 24/07/2011, at 8:27 PM, Jonathan Lassoff wrote: > On Wed, Apr 20, 2011 at 7:10 AM, David Gwynne wrote: >> >> On 20/04/2011, at 11:08 PM, Jonathan Lassoff wrote: >> >>> On Wed, Apr 20, 2011 at 4:22 AM, David Gwynne wrote: you might be able to upgrade your passive firewall to 4.9 next to the active 4.7 one. it looks like the protocol stayed the same so they should be able to talk to each other. >>> >>> This would seem to be the case. >>> >>> This (http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20090301211402) is an >>> absolutely excellent bit of writing about the improvements to pfsync, >>> BTW. Thanks for letting that be shared. >>> however, it looks like bulk updates were broken in 4.7, which would explain your failover problems. you can work around that by going "pfctl -S /dev/stdout | ssh activefw pfctl -L /dev/stdin" as root on the passive fw. >>> >>> As an initial seeding of state? It seems to me that only some of my >>> flows get affected when failing over (not everything is reset and >>> traffic can still flow). >> >> yes. the pfctl commands will do a bulk update since the in kernel implementation was unreliable back then. >> >>> It appears that both firewalls have an approximately congruent set of >>> states, but usually a "pfctl -ss | wc -l" can be off by several >>> hundred, to several thousand states at times. My hunch is that state >>> creation and counter updates are not updated synchronously, so when >>> failing over there are still some updates in-flight, and for flows >>> that are moving their sequence numbers at a decent clip I could see >>> why they might get reset. >> >> pf has a bit of fuzz when it does its tcp window matching, so packets can get ahead of the firewall and be ok. > > Do you know if there is a way to see how much this fuzz is or if > there's an offset? from memory its 1000 bytes. > If dropped for being out of a window, will (or can) it get logged to pflog? again, from memory its just dropped. >> i wrote defer, so yes... >> >> on my boxes the increase in latency is about .2 to .3ms. if a firewall is missing its peer(s) it will go up to about 1/100th of a second. > > So does defer wait for a peer to acknowledge a new state just at the > time of creation, or does it include state updates about sequence > numbers as well? defer only delays the first packet. > I suspect I'm hitting a similar issue as you were with long-lived > flows getting reset at failover. i think my problem is that i run both firewalls with the carp demotion counter set low. when a box is rebooted the carp default is at 0 or 1, which means it takes over traffic before it gets all the states. later code in rc.local demotes it, but by that time some packets have been eaten by the new box. i should fix it, but im lazy. >> thats exactly how i have my stuff configured. > > Have you ever had trouble when re-numbering an interface? It seems to > me like ospfd doesn't pick up changes in interface numbering if > changed out from under it. Most other OSPF daemons I use would pick > this up as it changes, but as far I as can tell there's no way to tell > ospfd to reload interface addressing. interfaces and addresses moving around hurts me too. > I'm often needing to add more and more interfaces and ospf interfaces, > necessitating failing over so as to make it safe to kill and re-start > ospfd -- in the process it just seems to nip some flows from flowing. i do that too. lets annoy claudio together!
PC for assembly learning purposes
Hello, I am looking for a new cheap PC for assembly learning purposes, because I don't want to break my current workstation. I was thinking about http://www.tekmote.nl/epages/61504599.sf/nl_NL/?ObjectPath=/Shops/61504599/Products/CFL-006 but I am a little bit worried about current status "All on-board devices are supported, but the framebuffer is currently limited to the 640x400x8 video mode set up by the firmware." What is the status in -current at the moment? This device will be used only for my learning purposes. I would like to jump on C and compilers later. Is it better to start with RISC or CISC? Should I buy rather x86? Thank you for your time.
Re: various documentation for Silicon Image chipsets
i believe a lot of these docs were opened up due to jeff garzik talking to silicon image as part of his work on libata in linux. credit where credit is due... dlg On 23/07/2011, at 10:49 PM, Sevan / Venture37 wrote: > Hi, > Someone posted a series of links to the freebsd-hardware mailing list > for docs of various silicon image chipsets, I thought this might be of > interest to some of you. > http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hardware/2011-July/006754.html > > > > Sevan / Venture37
Re: 4.7 ospfd FIB/RIB synchronization
On Wed, Apr 20, 2011 at 7:10 AM, David Gwynne wrote: > > On 20/04/2011, at 11:08 PM, Jonathan Lassoff wrote: > >> On Wed, Apr 20, 2011 at 4:22 AM, David Gwynne wrote: >>> you might be able to upgrade your passive firewall to 4.9 next to the >>> active 4.7 one. it looks like the protocol stayed the same so they should >>> be able to talk to each other. >> >> This would seem to be the case. >> >> This (http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20090301211402) is an >> absolutely excellent bit of writing about the improvements to pfsync, >> BTW. Thanks for letting that be shared. >> >>> however, it looks like bulk updates were broken in 4.7, which would explain >>> your failover problems. you can work around that by going "pfctl -S >>> /dev/stdout | ssh activefw pfctl -L /dev/stdin" as root on the passive fw. >> >> As an initial seeding of state? It seems to me that only some of my >> flows get affected when failing over (not everything is reset and >> traffic can still flow). > > yes. the pfctl commands will do a bulk update since the in kernel > implementation was unreliable back then. > >> It appears that both firewalls have an approximately congruent set of >> states, but usually a "pfctl -ss | wc -l" can be off by several >> hundred, to several thousand states at times. My hunch is that state >> creation and counter updates are not updated synchronously, so when >> failing over there are still some updates in-flight, and for flows >> that are moving their sequence numbers at a decent clip I could see >> why they might get reset. > > pf has a bit of fuzz when it does its tcp window matching, so packets can get > ahead of the firewall and be ok. Do you know if there is a way to see how much this fuzz is or if there's an offset? If dropped for being out of a window, will (or can) it get logged to pflog? > i wrote defer, so yes... > > on my boxes the increase in latency is about .2 to .3ms. if a firewall is > missing its peer(s) it will go up to about 1/100th of a second. So does defer wait for a peer to acknowledge a new state just at the time of creation, or does it include state updates about sequence numbers as well? I suspect I'm hitting a similar issue as you were with long-lived flows getting reset at failover. > thats exactly how i have my stuff configured. Have you ever had trouble when re-numbering an interface? It seems to me like ospfd doesn't pick up changes in interface numbering if changed out from under it. Most other OSPF daemons I use would pick this up as it changes, but as far I as can tell there's no way to tell ospfd to reload interface addressing. I'm often needing to add more and more interfaces and ospf interfaces, necessitating failing over so as to make it safe to kill and re-start ospfd -- in the process it just seems to nip some flows from flowing.
