Mac OS X PowerPC 64 bit
Dear mysql-ers, It seems that the Mac OS X PowerPC 64 bit version of the MySQL Community server is no longer available. Now I'm wondering which version I should use on a G5 PowerMac. PowerPC 32 bit or Universal? Thanks for any insights. Jan Pieter Kunst -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
how to stop replication at a specific position?
When you start a replication slave you can tell it where in the binary logs to start (which log file, what position) ... but can you tell it to automatically *stop* when it reaches a certain point (also identified by log file name and position) ? -- Cos -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
BUG in UNION implementation?! Confimation or Explaination please
Hi all, I believe to have found a bug in MySQL's union implementation. Can someone confirm this, please or convince me that this is not a buggy behaviour of mysql : UNION seems to behave like DISTINCT by default: mysql select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1; ++ | c1 | ++ | 2 | | 1 | ++ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1 c1,4; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | 1 | 4 | ++---+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1,2; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | ++---+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select avg(c1),avg(distinct c1),sum(c1),count(c1),count(distinct c1),count(*) from - ( - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 - ) a - ; +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.5000 | 1.5000 | 3 | 2 | 2 |2 | +---++---+-+---+--+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) but I would have expected: +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.2500 | 1.5000 | 5 | 4 | 2 |4 | +---++---+-+---+--+ TIA, CVH
Re: BUG in UNION implementation?! Confimation or Explaination please
UNION will only return distinct rows. This is according to spec and to the SQL Standard. To avoid this, use UNION ALL instead of UNION. Try that with your queries and you'll see that this will do the trick. This is, as I said, in accordance with the standard and the way all SQL based databases work. Quoting SQL 2003 section 4.10.6.2: MULTISET UNION is an operator that computes the union of two multisets. There are two variants, specified using ALL or DISTINCT, to either retain duplicates or remove duplicates. Where UNION DISTINCT is the default if neither DISTINCT nor ALL is specified then. Cheers /Karlsson list account wrote: Hi all, I believe to have found a bug in MySQL's union implementation. Can someone confirm this, please or convince me that this is not a buggy behaviour of mysql : UNION seems to behave like DISTINCT by default: mysql select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1; ++ | c1 | ++ | 2 | | 1 | ++ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1 c1,4; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | 1 | 4 | ++---+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1,2; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | ++---+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select avg(c1),avg(distinct c1),sum(c1),count(c1),count(distinct c1),count(*) from - ( - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 - ) a - ; +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.5000 | 1.5000 | 3 | 2 | 2 |2 | +---++---+-+---+--+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) but I would have expected: +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.2500 | 1.5000 | 5 | 4 | 2 |4 | +---++---+-+---+--+ TIA, CVH -- __ ___ ___ __ / |/ /_ __/ __/ __ \/ / Anders Karlsson ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) / /|_/ / // /\ \/ /_/ / /__ MySQL AB, Sales Engineer /_/ /_/\_, /___/\___\_\___/ Stockholm ___/ www.mysql.com Cellphone: +46 708 608121 Skype: drdatabase -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: BUG in UNION implementation?! Confimation or Explaination please
UNION is mean to removed duplicate rows. Use UNION ALL if you don't want this to happen. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/union.html -Original Message- From: list account [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 11 July 2007 09:19 To: mysql@lists.mysql.com Subject: BUG in UNION implementation?! Confimation or Explaination please Hi all, I believe to have found a bug in MySQL's union implementation. Can someone confirm this, please or convince me that this is not a buggy behaviour of mysql : UNION seems to behave like DISTINCT by default: mysql select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1; ++ | c1 | ++ | 2 | | 1 | ++ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1 c1,4; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | 1 | 4 | ++---+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select 2 c1,1 union select 1 c1,2 union select 2 c1,3 union select 1,2; ++---+ | c1 | 1 | ++---+ | 2 | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | ++---+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select avg(c1),avg(distinct c1),sum(c1),count(c1),count(distinct c1),count(*) from - ( - select 2 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 c1 - union - select 1 - ) a - ; +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.5000 | 1.5000 | 3 | 2 | 2 |2 | +---++---+-+---+--+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) but I would have expected: +---++---+-+---+--+ |avg(c1)|avg(distinct c1)|sum(c1)|count(c1)|count(distinct c1) | count(*) | +---++---+-+---+--+ |1.2500 | 1.5000 | 5 | 4 | 2 |4 | +---++---+-+---+--+ TIA, CVH This email is confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient please notify us immediately by telephoning +44 (0)20 7452 5300 or email [EMAIL PROTECTED] You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose its contents to any other person. Touch Local cannot accept liability for statements made which are clearly the sender's own and are not made on behalf of the firm. Touch Local Limited Registered Number: 2885607 VAT Number: GB896112114 Cardinal Tower, 12 Farringdon Road, London EC1M 3NN +44 (0)20 7452 5300 -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: load data
Can you not change your proceedure and format your dates first using DAT_FORMAT()? http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function _date-format You could put a trigger on the table that would format the dates before insert (although I'd go for the above) -Original Message- From: Ananda Kumar [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 11 July 2007 06:30 To: MySQL General Subject: Fwd: load data Hi All, We have an application where we load data on a daily basis and then do some analysis and the move this data into different tables. Data is comming in files. The date format in the file is dd-mon- hh24:mi:ss', but as you all know, in mysql , the default date format is -mm-dd hh24:mi:ss. How can i specifiy this format in the load data infile script. I tried this LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'abc.txt' INTO TABLE abc FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '^V\n' (doj timestamp dd-mon- hh24:mi:ss); but data is not getting inserted. Please help me. regards anandkl This email is confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient please notify us immediately by telephoning +44 (0)20 7452 5300 or email [EMAIL PROTECTED] You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose its contents to any other person. Touch Local cannot accept liability for statements made which are clearly the sender's own and are not made on behalf of the firm. Touch Local Limited Registered Number: 2885607 VAT Number: GB896112114 Cardinal Tower, 12 Farringdon Road, London EC1M 3NN +44 (0)20 7452 5300 -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: load data
Hi Campbell, I tried this LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'abc.txt' INTO TABLE abc FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '^V\n' (date_format(doj,'%d-%M-%Y %H:%i:%S'); ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'date_format(doj,'%d-%M-%Y %H:%i:%S')' at line 1 and also LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'abc.txt' INTO TABLE abc FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '^V\n' (str_to_date(doj,'%d-%b-%Y %H:%i:%S'); ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'str_to_date(doj,'%d-%b-%Y %H:%i:%S')' at line 1 Can u please tell me where i going wrong. regards anandkl On 7/11/07, Rhys Campbell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Can you not change your proceedure and format your dates first using DAT_FORMAT()? http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function _date-format You could put a trigger on the table that would format the dates before insert (although I'd go for the above) -Original Message- From: Ananda Kumar [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: 11 July 2007 06:30 To: MySQL General Subject: Fwd: load data Hi All, We have an application where we load data on a daily basis and then do some analysis and the move this data into different tables. Data is comming in files. The date format in the file is dd-mon- hh24:mi:ss', but as you all know, in mysql , the default date format is -mm-dd hh24:mi:ss. How can i specifiy this format in the load data infile script. I tried this LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'abc.txt' INTO TABLE abc FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '^V\n' (doj timestamp dd-mon- hh24:mi:ss); but data is not getting inserted. Please help me. regards anandkl This email is confidential and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient please notify us immediately by telephoning +44 (0)20 7452 5300 or email [EMAIL PROTECTED] You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose its contents to any other person. Touch Local cannot accept liability for statements made which are clearly the sender's own and are not made on behalf of the firm. Touch Local Limited Registered Number: 2885607 VAT Number: GB896112114 Cardinal Tower, 12 Farringdon Road, London EC1M 3NN +44 (0)20 7452 5300
Re: how to stop replication at a specific position?
Use START SLAVE UNTIL. There are two syntaxes -- check the manual. Ofer Inbar wrote: When you start a replication slave you can tell it where in the binary logs to start (which log file, what position) ... but can you tell it to automatically *stop* when it reaches a certain point (also identified by log file name and position) ? -- Cos -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
giving a row the new highest id
using one single sql statement, how do i update the auto_increment id column of a row to have the new highest id in the table? in other words: how do i make a row seem like it was just inserted? i know how to do it with two statements, but i want to do it with one to ensure nothing goes wrong: $newid = get_value(select max(id) from user) + 1; run_query(update table mytable set id = '$newid' where id = '$oldid' ); hope someone can help. thanks! -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
update table mytable set id =last_insert_id() + 1 where id = $oldid 2007/7/11, Olav Mørkrid [EMAIL PROTECTED]: using one single sql statement, how do i update the auto_increment id column of a row to have the new highest id in the table? in other words: how do i make a row seem like it was just inserted? i know how to do it with two statements, but i want to do it with one to ensure nothing goes wrong: $newid = get_value(select max(id) from user) + 1; run_query(update table mytable set id = '$newid' where id = '$oldid' ); hope someone can help. thanks! -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Sincerely yours, Olexandr Melnyk http://omelnyk.net/
Re: giving a row the new highest id
Err.. you can do this: update table mytable set id = (select max(id) + 1 from user) where id = $oldid but I would recommend to use a transaction 2007/7/11, Olexandr Melnyk [EMAIL PROTECTED]: update table mytable set id =last_insert_id() + 1 where id = $oldid 2007/7/11, Olav Mørkrid [EMAIL PROTECTED]: using one single sql statement, how do i update the auto_increment id column of a row to have the new highest id in the table? in other words: how do i make a row seem like it was just inserted? i know how to do it with two statements, but i want to do it with one to ensure nothing goes wrong: $newid = get_value(select max(id) from user) + 1; run_query(update table mytable set id = '$newid' where id = '$oldid' ); hope someone can help. thanks! -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Sincerely yours, Olexandr Melnyk http://omelnyk.net/ -- Sincerely yours, Olexandr Melnyk http://omelnyk.net/
Re: How to restore 1 database from mysqldump of all databases
Thanks to all who have replied. Since this thread has evolved into discussing the dump, I would like to ask the group what are their practices for backup and recovery on Windows platform. Waldo Tumanut Database Analyst Mogens Melander [EMAIL PROTECTED] To oft.dk Rolando Edwards [EMAIL PROTECTED] 07/10/2007 cc 06:25 PM waldo tumanut [EMAIL PROTECTED] m, mysql@lists.mysql.com Subject Re: How to restore 1 database from mysqldump of all databases A quick script solution: create a dump pr. table in db. #!/bin/bash for tbl in `echo use db;show tables;|mysql -s -u user -ppassword` do mysqldump -u user ppassword db $tbl $tbl.sql done and the other way: cat tbl.sql| mysql -u user -ppassword db CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This electronic mail transmission (including any accompanying attachments) is intended solely for its authorized recipient(s), and may contain confidential and/or legally privileged information. If you are not an intended recipient, or responsible for delivering some or all of this transmission to an intended recipient, be aware that any review, copying, printing, distribution, use or disclosure of the contents of this message is strictly prohibited. If you have received this electronic mail message in error, please contact us immediately by electronic mail at [EMAIL PROTECTED] and destroy the original and all copies of this transmission (including any attachments). Thank you. -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
thanks olexandr my posting had a misprint. the select should be on mytable not user, so when i use your suggestion, i get an error: mysql update test set id = (select max(id) + 1 from test) where id = '$myid'; ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'test' for update in FROM clause so how does one make a row id to appear as a newly inserted row, without doing multiple queries? -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
2007/7/11, Olav Mørkrid [EMAIL PROTECTED]: thanks olexandr my posting had a misprint. the select should be on mytable not user, so when i use your suggestion, i get an error: mysql update test set id = (select max(id) + 1 from test) where id = '$myid'; ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'test' for update in FROM clause so how does one make a row id to appear as a newly inserted row, without doing multiple queries? why do you need this? you can do insert and use last_ionsert_id() within a transaction (in case storage engine you're using supports it) -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Sincerely yours, Olexandr Melnyk http://omelnyk.net/
Re: giving a row the new highest id
what i want to do is to take an old row from maybe three weeks ago, and make its id appear as if it was the newest inserted row in the table. therefore last_insert_id() cannot be used. i could introduce a timestamp column to achieve my goals, but for certain reasons i would like to update the id if possible by acceptable means. -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
Hi, Olav Mørkrid wrote: mysql update test set id = (select max(id) + 1 from test) where id = '$myid'; ERROR 1093 (HY000): You can't specify target table 'test' for update in FROM clause You will need to place the subquery in another subquery in the FROM clause so it is materialized to a temorary table: update test set id = ( select id + 1 from ( select max(id) as id from test ) as x ) where id = $myid; If you need to do this kind of query on insert, there are other things to think about too. See http://www.xaprb.com/blog/2006/04/20/sequences-and-surrogate-keys-in-generic-sql/ Baron -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
baron your suggestion does the trick indeed. i take a deep bow! thanks also for mentioning the related issues. -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
wait, let's make it even more interesting :) what if you want to update more than one row, and each row should have a successive new id. is that possible in one statement? i tried just removing the where statement in barons suggestion, which fails as i guess the select is computed only once prior to being used in the update/set. mysql update test set id = (select id + 1 from ( select max(id) as id from test ) as x); ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '424' for key 1 is it possible, or do i have to do the rows one by one? -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: BUG in UNION implementation?! Confimation or Explaination please
On Wednesday 11 July 2007 00:34, Anders Karlsson wrote: UNION will only return distinct rows. This is according to spec and to the SQL Standard. And of course, to no one's surprise, this also matches the mathematical definition of union: j -- Joshua Kugler Lead System Admin -- Senior Programmer http://www.eeinternet.com PGP Key: http://pgp.mit.edu/ ID 0xDB26D7CE PO Box 80086 -- Fairbanks, AK 99708 -- Ph: 907-456-5581 Fax: 907-456-3111 -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: giving a row the new highest id
Olav Mørkrid wrote: wait, let's make it even more interesting :) what if you want to update more than one row, and each row should have a successive new id. is that possible in one statement? i tried just removing the where statement in barons suggestion, which fails as i guess the select is computed only once prior to being used in the update/set. mysql update test set id = (select id + 1 from ( select max(id) as id from test ) as x); ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '424' for key 1 is it possible, or do i have to do the rows one by one? I lack imagination right now, but I can't think of a scenario where this would work. You are updating many rows with a single value (there is only one max(id) in the table, after all). Remember SQL is supposed to treat things as sets, not work iteratively. But you could write a stored procedure to iteratively do what you seek. There are some other scenarios where I can imagine selecting a set of groupwise maximum values, joining those to a set of current values, and updating the current values from the groupwise max. But this is different: it matches a set of max-values to a set of rows. Baron -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
starting a second slave from a first slave's dump
Scenario: host a is the master host b is a replication slave host c is to become a second replication slave there's no full dump from host a Normally, to start a new slave, I'd restore a dump from host a, and start slaving using the master data in that dump. In this situation, however, running a full mysqldump on a would cause it to be unresponsive for a while, and the app is depending on it (mostly MyISAM so can't run the dump as a transaction). I can temporarily make the front-end application not read from host b, and while host b is not in use, run a full mysqldump there of the same db, and restore that dump onto host c. ... but how do I find the master data to start host c slaving with? The dump file will have master data referring to host b's binlogs, which are mostly empty because it's a replication slave. I need to know what position in host a's binlogs to start host c slaving from. One possibility I can think of: - stop slave on host b - run the dump on host b - note its position in host a's binlogs using show slave status - restore the dump on host c - start c slaving using the binlog name and position from show slave status Will that work? Is there a way to do this *without* stopping replication on host b? -- Cos -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: starting a second slave from a first slave's dump
Hi Ofer Inbar wrote: Scenario: host a is the master host b is a replication slave host c is to become a second replication slave there's no full dump from host a [snip] One possibility I can think of: - stop slave on host b - run the dump on host b - note its position in host a's binlogs using show slave status - restore the dump on host c - start c slaving using the binlog name and position from show slave status Will that work? Yes. Is there a way to do this *without* stopping replication on host b? No, unless you have a snapshot-capable file system like LVM, and even then there are caveats. Just be aware of which columns of SHOW SLAVE STATUS mean what -- there are three sets of binlog coordinates in that output. (There's a note on the online manual that should make it clear). Baron -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: starting a second slave from a first slave's dump
Baron Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ofer Inbar wrote: host a is the master host b is a replication slave host c is to become a second replication slave there's no full dump from host a One possibility I can think of: - stop slave on host b - run the dump on host b - note its position in host a's binlogs using show slave status - restore the dump on host c - start c slaving using the binlog name and position from show slave status Will that work? Yes. For the benefit of future readers of the archive: yes, it worked easily. Just be aware of which columns of SHOW SLAVE STATUS mean what -- there are three sets of binlog coordinates in that output. (There's a note on the online manual that should make it clear). The columns I used were: Master_Log_File: binlog.08 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 150484312 -- Cos -- MySQL General Mailing List For list archives: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql To unsubscribe:http://lists.mysql.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Next MySQL Magazine --call for articles
Hey everyone, I am starting to prepare for the second issue of MySQL Magazine. I am planning on putting it out on September 1. Thanks for the fabulous response to the first issue!! There was over a 1,000 downloads of the magazine. That is just fabulous!!! Special thanks to those who contributed (in no particular order): Peter Brawley, Dan Buettner and Baron Schwartz. It looks like there is going to be some publicity on a couple of podcasts over the next fews so there will probably be a decent upswing in subscribers. I am not going to concentrate on any particular theme this time. If you want to send me some ideas for articles you can either reply to this email address or bmurphy at paragon-cs.com. Thanks again, Keith -- B. Keith Murphy Database Administrator iContact 2635 Meridian Parkway, 2nd Floor Durham, North Carolina 27713 (o) 919-433-0786 (c) 850-637-3877
