Re: Off-Topic : Basic Critical O.S. Values that Trigger Problem Alert

2002-08-01 Thread David Miller
irtual Memory Statistics: (pagesize = 8192)
>  procs  memorypagesintr
>cpu
>  r   w   u  act free wire fault  cow zero react  pin pout  in  sy  cs us
>sy
>id
>  3  1K  34 266K  84K  32K  811M 132M 339M   635 193M0 188 28K  1K 16
>7
>77
>  3  1K  33 267K  84K  32K   410   71  151 0  1310 494  2K  4K 4  2
>93
>  3  1K  36 269K  82K  32K  5459 1720  807 0 30160 471  3K  4K 37
>5
>58
>
>
>1) Utilization of CPU due to Operating System (Internal) Operations (%sy)
>Exceeding Utilization due to user Applications (%us)
>
>2) Average Wait of CPU for IO to Complete  (%wio) Greater than (>) 30 % [
>From
>sar Command ]
>
>3) Utilization of CPU due to Operating System (Internal) Operations (%sy) >
>30
>%
>
>4) CPU Utilization - If  Total CPU  Utilization  Consistently Near 0%
>Idle Or further Coupled with any of the following :-
>   a)Abnormally High Wait for IO ( > 30 %) [ From sar Command ]
>   b)Abnormally High  Operating System CPU Utilization ( > 30 %)
>   c)Abnormally High Run Queue ["r" > (3 * Number of CPUs)]
>
>THANKS
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Re: 20 Instances 1 Machine

2002-08-02 Thread David Miller

On Solaris (even 32-bit Solaris, i.e. 2.5.1 or 2.6) the shared memory limits
are per process, not system-wide.  We had 64 GB systems running 2.5.1 that
could support instances using as much of that 64 GB as wanted for shared
memory.  With the 64-bit OS (Solaris 7, 8 or 9) the same is true.

A single 32-bit application can only map to 4 GB of address space of which
you can dedicate about 3.9 GB for shared memory if you want.  You may need
to relink the Oracle binary to get above 2 GB (see the installation guide
about genksms).

Dave Miller

>X-Unix-From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]  Thu Aug  1 20:54:24 2002
>Date: Thu, 01 Aug 2002 18:23:21 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: "James J. Morrow" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: "James J. Morrow" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: Re: 20 Instances 1 Machine
>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 71; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
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>
>Your biggest problem is not going to be physical RAM or disk space (either of 
>those could simply be purchased large enough).  However, you *will* encounter a 
>problem with "Shared Memory".
>
>32-bit (and even 64-bit) operating systems have a finite amount of "shared 
>memory" addressable for use by 32-bit applications (namely the RDBMS shipped 
>with the Oracle Applications).  This number is 1.7GBytes on HP/UX and, I think, 
>2GBytes on Solaris.  This "Shared Memory" limitation is systemwide.  The Oracle 
>RDBMS uses shared memory heavily for major components of the SGA.  As a result, 
>if you're running a 32-bit version of Oracle, this number represents the sum of 
>all SGA's running on that machine at the time.  (So, at 500M/instance, you'll 
>run out somewhere between 3 and 4 instances).
>
>Possible solutions would be:
>1) Use a 64-bit version of the Oracle RDBMS as certified for your platform.
>A 64-bit version of Oracle would address shared memory from a much larger
>total pool (most likely an absurdly large number), thus avoiding this 
32-bit
>"Shared Memory" problem.
>2) Consider using something like Sun's "System Domains" to partition a big box
>into multiple "virtual machines".  Each of these Domains would have it's 
own
>shared memory pool.
>3) Consider using seperate machines.
>
>Personally, I'd vote for seperate machines.  I tend to prefer only one 
>production system exist on any given host as it tends to eliminate much of the 
>performance-oriented fingerpointing that is bound to come up.  Additionally, 
>running a large number of production instances on a single host can be alot 
like 
>putting all of your eggs into one basket.  It may be cheaper, but if something 
>happens to that basket, everything's hosed.
>
>As far as hardware:
>   Lots of disk, plenty of I/O channels, and plenty of CPUs.  Without 
actually 
>knowing the nature of your applications, I'd say you're probably looking in the 
>SunFire 6800 or SunFire 15k range (if you're looking at Sun equipment).
>
>Post, Ethan wrote:
>> I got a request to spec out a machine that could handle 20 separate Oracle
>> instances on a single UNIX server.  SGA should total about 500 MB per
>> instance.  We have some hosts here with 6-8 instances but never tried 20
>> before.  Wondering what types of things I should be worried about, obviously
>> having enough memory but are there any other limitations I can expect?
>> Anyone had to do this?
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> Ethan
>
>
>-- James
>
>James J. Morrow E-Mail:  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Senior Principal Consultant
>Tenure Systems, Inc.
>McKinney, TX, USA
>
>"The reasonable man adapts himself to the world:  the unreasonable man
>   persists in trying to adapt the world to himself.  Therefore all progress
>depends on the unreasonable man."  -- George Bernard Shaw
>
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Re: dbwr high count of threads

2002-09-10 Thread David Miller

Hi Richard,

A couple of questions. 
 
What version of Oracle?
What version of Solaris? 
Are you using asynch I/O?
Are you on filesystems?  If so, which one (ufs, vxfs, vxfs with quickio)?
Have you specified ioslaves?  If so, how many?
How did you determine how many threads you were using?
Is the entire database on NFS?
Is the server crash a Solaris crash or and Oracle crash?

Dave Miller

>X-Unix-From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]  Mon Sep  9 16:26:57 2002
>Date: Mon, 09 Sep 2002 14:18:24 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: "Ji, Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: "Ji, Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: dbwr high count of threads
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>Hi all,
>
>I noticed the dbwr process on Solaris has a very high number of threads
>(258).
>To me this is not a problem since I am seeing this on my small development
>box too.
>But we recently had some server crash and the consultant is saying Oracle is
>consuming
>a lots of resource, citing the high number of Oracle thread count from the
>core dump analysis.
>I don't believe this lead to the crash because the core stack trace points
>to NFS calls in both
>times.
>
>However, I don't know how to explain the high number thread count mostly
>from the dbwr process.
>Is this normal?  I mean, it looks like it's normal since I see this on all
>of my instances.
>How do I convince him that this is ok?
>
>Thanks for your help.
>
>Richard
>-- 
>Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
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>Author: Ji, Richard
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RE: dbwr high count of threads

2002-09-11 Thread David Miller

Hi Richard,

Ok.  Since you are using filesystems (and I assume no directio on the ufs
filesystem), and have not specified asynch_io, the default is to have it on.
Because kaio (kernel asynch I/O) is not supported on ufs without directio or
vxfs without QIO, Oracle will be using libaio (library asynch I/O) instead.
The default number of worker threads in libaio is 256, so that's where your
258 threads count comes from.  So things are working perfectly normally.

Besides on any modern system 258 threads is not a "high number".

Hope this helps.

Dave Miller

>From: "Ji, Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>To: "'David Miller'" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: RE: dbwr high count of threads
>Date: Tue, 10 Sep 2002 16:49:52 -0400
>
>Sorry I didn't provide all the details.
>It's Oracle 8.1.7.4 EE on Solaris 8.
>The development box is on UFS and Production on Veritas without QIO.
>Both are showing 258 LWP.
>I didn't specify ioslaves.  Both db_writer_proesses and db_block_lru_latches
>are using default.  Dev has 1 CPU, Prod has 2.
>"ps -edfL | grep dbw" shows 258 lwp under dbw0 process.  Top also shows
>258 threads.
>No the database is not on NFS.  We only used NFS to copy the datafiles
>during hotbackup.  It was a server panic, due to NFS.  Sun just confirmed it
>that it's a known NFS bug that under heavy usage, NFS could cause kernel
>panic.
>
>I am looking into KAIO as this seems to be related to those LWP threads.
>
>I was just wondering I am seeing it on all of my databases and I didn't
>set anything special.  Does other people see the samething on their plain
>vanilla database?
>
>-Original Message-
>From: David Miller [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]
>Sent: Tuesday, September 10, 2002 3:09 PM
>To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Subject: Re: dbwr high count of threads
>
>
>Hi Richard,
>
>A couple of questions. 
> 
>What version of Oracle?
>What version of Solaris? 
>Are you using asynch I/O?
>Are you on filesystems?  If so, which one (ufs, vxfs, vxfs with quickio)?
>Have you specified ioslaves?  If so, how many?
>How did you determine how many threads you were using?
>Is the entire database on NFS?
>Is the server crash a Solaris crash or and Oracle crash?
>
>Dave Miller
>
>>X-Unix-From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]  Mon Sep  9 16:26:57 2002
>>Date: Mon, 09 Sep 2002 14:18:24 -0800
>>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>>X-Sender: "Ji, Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>From: "Ji, Richard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>>Subject: dbwr high count of threads
>>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 72; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
>>Mime-Version: 1.0
>>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>>
>>Hi all,
>>
>>I noticed the dbwr process on Solaris has a very high number of threads
>>(258).
>>To me this is not a problem since I am seeing this on my small development
>>box too.
>>But we recently had some server crash and the consultant is saying Oracle
>is
>>consuming
>>a lots of resource, citing the high number of Oracle thread count from the
>>core dump analysis.
>>I don't believe this lead to the crash because the core stack trace points
>>to NFS calls in both
>>times.
>>
>>However, I don't know how to explain the high number thread count mostly
>>from the dbwr process.
>>Is this normal?  I mean, it looks like it's normal since I see this on all
>>of my instances.
>>How do I convince him that this is ok?
>>
>>Thanks for your help.
>>
>>Richard
>>-- 
>>Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
>>-- 
>>Author: Ji, Richard
>>  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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RE: a couple of questions

2002-07-18 Thread David Miller
hich I know.
>
>Can anyone point in the right direction to start researching this?
>
>Thanks!
>
>Rachel
>
>
>__
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>Yahoo! Autos - Get free new car price quotes
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Re: T3's and forcedirectio questions

2002-07-22 Thread David Miller
ember amateurs built the ark - Professionals built the Titanic"
>> 
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Re: Solaris - db_file_multiblock_read_count

2001-11-19 Thread David Miller

Hi Jeff,

I suspect that the size of the reads is based on the extent size within the
table you're reading.  I don't believe Oracle will issue a read across extents
even if multiblock_read_count is high enough.

The maximum limit for a read within Oracle has varied a lot with releases on
Solaris, but in your case it appears that it will allow 1 MB as the maximum
read (128 * 8K).  That has been the largest value allowed to date in any
release on Solaris.

In testing we've done, the larger read sizes are more efficient because the
application can issue a single read.  You proposed altering 
multiblock_read_count to 24.  I suspect (based on the above) that you then
would get a read of 24 blocks followed by a read of 1 block (if my extent
assumption is correct).  That would require twice as many reads issued by the
application and your performance would suffer somewhat.

As Jared mentioned if you want to set it lower than 128, then set it to 25.
But leaving it higher should have no resource implications.  It might affect
how the optimizer handles some queries (by biasing more towards full table 
scans) but in your example you're forcing a FTS anyway, so it wouldn't make 
any difference.

Dave Miller
Sun Microsystems, Inc.

>Date: Mon, 19 Nov 2001 13:20:18 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: "Jeff Wiegard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: "Jeff Wiegard" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: Solaris - db_file_multiblock_read_count
>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 70; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
>Mime-Version: 1.0
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>
>Hi.
>
>I was hoping for some confirmation here.
>
>I'm running 8.0.5 on Solaris 2.7, with block size set to 8192.
>There is no 'maxphys' parameter in /etc/system.
>
>After some testing, I've decided to set the
>db_file_multiblock_read_count = 24, based on the following:
>
>1.   SQL> alter session set db_file_multiblock_read_count = 1000;
>   
>2.   select value from v$parameter where name =
>'db_file_multiblock_read_count';
>
>  This gave me a value = 128
>   
>3.   alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever,
>level 8';
>
>4.   select /*+ FULL(t) */ count(*) from sys.source$ t;
>
>The trace file gave me the following:
>
>WAIT #1: nam='db file scattered read' ela= 0 p1=1 p2=660 p3=25
>WAIT #1: nam='db file scattered read' ela= 0 p1=1 p2=1167 p3=25
>WAIT #1: nam='db file scattered read' ela= 0 p1=1 p2=1207 p3=25
>WAIT #1: nam='db file scattered read' ela= 0 p1=1 p2=1272 p3=25
>WAIT #1: nam='db file scattered read' ela= 0 p1=1 p2=1312 p3=25
>
>So then setting db_file_multiblock_read_count to 24 would be about
>right ... right?
>
>Thanks,
>
>Jeff
>
>
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Re: Curious /etc/system settings in Solaris

2001-03-27 Thread David Miller

Hi Louis,

There is a Solaris Tunable Parameters Reference Manual available at:
http://docs.sun.com:80/ab2/coll.707.1/SOLTUNEPARAMREF/@Ab2TocView?Ab2Lang=C&Ab2E
nc=iso-8859-1
It will describe what these mean.  All of these are valid Solaris variables.

Basically the msgsys values refer to the msg IPC layer.  The semsys values
refer to the semaphore IPC layer. The pln, soc, socal and fcaw variables refer 
to settings in various device drivers.  The tune_t variables are solaris tuning 
variables.

See the above manual for more information.

Dave Miller
Sun Microsystems, Inc.

>Date: Mon, 26 Mar 2001 21:10:28 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: Louis Avrami <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: Louis Avrami <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: Curious /etc/system settings in Solaris
>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 70; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
>Mime-Version: 1.0
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>
>Hello all,
>
>One of the database servers that I am currently working on is
>a Sun 6500, running Solaris 2.7.  It's a fairly large machine,
>with 20 gig of memory.  It's being used for development and testing
>for multiple applications.
>
>When I began installing our particular versions of Oracle (7.3.4.5
>and 8.1.7) on the box, I noticed that there were several tunables
>settings in /etc/system that I had not seen on Solaris boxes
>previously.  Is anyone familiar with the settings that I have
>listed below?  I have placed an < to the right of the tunables
>in question.  Could they perhaps be applicable to an HP-UX server?
> So far I've only worked on Sun, AIX and Linux servers.  The
>shop where this server is located has been primarily HP-UX in
>the past, so I thought that these might be legacy settings.
>
>On Solaris, I've heard that it isn't a good idea to fool around
>too much with tunables if it isn't necessary.  Portions of the
>kernel are "dynamic", and unneeded settings could limit OS operations.
>
>Some of the typical Oracle settings don't look optimal either,
> for example semmns=15000!!, but that is an issue for another
>time.
>
>Any info would be greatly appreciated,
>
>Lou Avrami
>
>
>
>* Following paraameters added under change # 144754 for Oracle
>install.
>set tune_t_gpgslo=250   <-
>set tune_t_minarmem=100 <-
>set tune_t_minasmem=250 <-
>set msgsys:msginfo_msgmap=200   <-
>set msgsys:msginfo_msgmni=100   <-
>set msgsys:msginfo_msgtql=80<-
>set msgsys:msginfo_msgseg=2048  <-
>set semsys:seminfo_semmap=100   <-
>set semsys:seminfo_semmnu=800   <-
>set semsys:seminfo_semume=100   <-
>set pln:pln_enable_detach_suspend=1 <-
>set soc:soc_enable_detach_suspend=1 <-
>set socal:socal_enable_suspend=1<-
>set fcaw:force32 = 1<-
>set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=4294967295
>set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1
>set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=100
>set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=10
>set semsys:seminfo_semmni=500
>set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=2010
>set semsys:seminfo_semmns=15000
>set semsys:seminfo_semopm=100
>set semsys:seminfo_semvmx=32767
>* End change # 144754
>
>
>
>
>-- 
>Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
>-- 
>Author: Louis Avrami
>  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
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>also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).

-- 
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Re: Off Topic Unix question

2001-03-27 Thread David Miller

Hi Rick,

x86 refers to the Solaris for Intel version.  There are slightly different
patches for this version.  Assuming you are running on SPARC, you want
the non-x86 version.

Dave Miller
Sun Microsystems, Inc.

>Date: Tue, 27 Mar 2001 10:05:26 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: "Cale, Rick T (Richard)" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: "Cale, Rick T (Richard)" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: Off Topic Unix question
>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 70; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
>Mime-Version: 1.0
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>
>One of co-workers is going to upgrade from Solaris 2.6 to 2.7(version 7).
>The question they had is what 
>patch cluster to apply the below web site has
>7 x86(21.7m) and  7 (39.8m). Which one to apply? 
>
>
>"Rick
>I was looking at
>http://sunsolve.sun.com/pub-cgi/show.pl?target=patches/patch-access
>and wondering what the x86 is referring to.  I am interested in the patches
>for Solaris 7 and wanted to be sure that I am looking at the correct patch
>cluster.
>Steve"
>
>Thanks
>Rick Cale, Science Applications International Corp.
>Phone:865-481-2198, fax:865-481-8555
>e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
>-- 
>Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
>-- 
>Author: Cale, Rick T (Richard)
>  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
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>also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).

-- 
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Re: Unix memory used

2001-04-04 Thread David Miller

Hi Mike,

There are lots of papers/documents on the web describing how Solaris uses
memory and tools to monitor usage.  One place to start is:

http://www.unixinsider.com/unixinsideronline/swol-03-1998/swol-03-perf.html

The list of references from there should also help.

Hope this helps.

Dave Miller
Sun Microsystems, Inc.

>Date: Wed, 04 Apr 2001 05:51:11 -0800
>To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>X-Comment: Oracle RDBMS Community Forum
>X-Sender: "Lanteigne, Mike" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>From: "Lanteigne, Mike" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: Unix memory used
>X-ListServer: v1.0g, build 70; ListGuru (c) 1996-2001 Bruce A. Bergman
>Mime-Version: 1.0
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>
>   Hello list,
>
>   We have a Sun e3500 with 4x300 MH processors, 1 GB Ram and OS 2.6.
>The server runs 4 small instances ( 7.3.4.5), two PeopleSoft apps and one
>more help desk app. As the below shows, or SGA's are very small (same for
>all 4 databases):
>
>   SVRMGR> show sga
>   Total System Global Area 6278336 bytes
>   Fixed Size 39816 bytes
>   Variable Size 4567352 bytes
>   Database Buffers 1638400 bytes
>   Redo Buffers 32768 bytes
>
>   I'm looking for some ammunition to make a case to increase the RAM.
>Yes, some database response is slow, however before I start tuning,
>especially memory sizes, I really think any efforts will be wasted if the
>memory is constantly thrashing to disk. I've been given access to top, and
>it reports the following:
>
>   Memory: 1024M real, 15M free, 198M swap in use, 571M swap free (at
>8:30 am on weekday)
>
>   I guess I'm asking if I can say with validity that our memory is
>presently being used up, and the "198 MB swap in use" is a real number.
>Also, our SAs don't monitor memory use, so if anyone has any good tool,
>tricks, book references, etc...that I can use to see this kind of thing, I'd
>appreciated it.
>
>   Thanks,
>
>   Mike Lanteigne 
>
>The views expressed here are mine and do not reflect the official position
>my employer or the organization through which the internet was accessed.
>
>-- 
>Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.com
>-- 
>Author: Lanteigne, Mike
>  INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>
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-- 
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