Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
On Saturday 01 March 2003 01:13 pm, Craig I. Hagan wrote: > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform (Windows and > > Linux on ia32)? > > This doesn't fully answer your question, but you may want to take > a look at this white paper. > > http://otn.oracle.com/tech/linux/pdf/9iR2-on-Linux-Tech-WP-Final.PDF > Actually, it did answer all my questions! Thank you. -- Lyndon Tiu -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Lyndon Tiu INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
> 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform (Windows and > Linux on ia32)? This doesn't fully answer your question, but you may want to take a look at this white paper. http://otn.oracle.com/tech/linux/pdf/9iR2-on-Linux-Tech-WP-Final.PDF Do realize that PAE (36bit kernel/physical memory addressing on x86) is this side of black magic -- it (mostly) works, but there are lots of if's, but's, and other caveats. I would highly recommend testing and talking with oracle if you were going to deploy such a system in producton to insure that the SGA size, hardware, and linux distribution you are choosing is a combination which would produce sane results. -- craig .-... . -.-. .-. . --- . ... ... .- --. . Craig I. Hagan hagan(at)cih.com "Never let your sense of morals prevent you from doing what is right." - Salvador Hardin from Isaac Asimov's Foundation -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Craig I. Hagan INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
Windows is a mess. Everything (all foreground and background processes) has to cram inside 2Gb (default) or 3Gb (boot.ini option for certain Windows versions). Also, by default, each database session thread allocates 1Mb for stack space by default, and that takes away from the process's total of 2-3Gb memory. That default can be adjusted downward (no lower than 512Kb recommended) using an Oracle-supplied program called ORASTACK. Also, there is some capability to exceed the 2-3Gb limit for the Buffer Cache only (not the whole SGA, just the Buffer Cache) to extend into AWE (forget exactly what the acronym means - something like "advanced windows extensions") memory, but the extended AWE memory involves some indirection so it is "slower" to access or manipulate than "regular" memory. Just a kludge all round, because Windows can't/won't support shared memory or semaphore constructs... ...believe me all you Windows folks -- it is nothing personal. But Windows should be far better than this, with only one vendor calling the shots... 32-bit UNIXs can accomodate 2-4Gb per process. Each foreground and background Oracle server process gets its own allocation of 2-4Gb, so you can pretty much go nuts and chew up as much memory as you please. The sticking point behind the 2-4Gb limit is the shared-memory used for the SGA, which counts toward each processes' total. So, if you have a 1.6Gb SGA and the UNIX variant you are using is limited to 2Gb, then everything else (i.e. stack, PGA, UGA) has to fit into 0.4Gb. Luckily, that's usually not a problem. But sometimes a larger SGA is a legitimate need... The 64-bit UNIXs can accomodate something like 64Pb of data. That's peta-bytes, a.k.a. 1,024 tera-bytes, a.k.a. 1,048,576 giga-bytes. I'm not aware of any server on the planet (or off the planet but nearby) with even 1Tb of physical RAM (though that doesn't mean there aren't), so 64-bit OSs should eliminate any restrictions on virtual memory, at least for the next couple years... - Original Message - To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 10:34 AM > Hello, > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform (Windows and > Linux on ia32)? > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform (Sparc > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > Thanks. > > -- > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Lyndon Tiu > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may > also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing). > -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Tim Gorman INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
RE: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
Lyndon - How about "more memory than you can afford". On most Unix systems, and I assume Linux is roughly similar, there is a kernel setting that is effectively the "per process limit". If you have 4 gig real memory, you would set the per process limit much lower because all processes must share that total real memory. On a server you don't dare set this too high or you get to learn about "swapping" and how much swap space you must allocate for swapping. Like Oracle, set something really wild and you can get some fireworks. Dennis Williams DBA, 40%OCP, 100% DBA Lifetouch, Inc. [EMAIL PROTECTED] -Original Message- Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 3:24 PM To: Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L That 3g limit only applies to Windows (2g w/o the boot.ini /3g switch). Linux is a whole other bowl of wax. Having never run Oracle in Linux I'm afraid I can't answer your question. My best guess would be the per process limit is 4g, but on most unix platforms the SGA (which the OP was about) is outside of the session processes. It's a chunk of shared memory. I don't know what limits Linux places on shared memory segments. - Original Message - To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 3:23 PM > Hey, I just remembered that Oracle on Linux runs as multiple processes > , unlike Oracle on Windows which runs as one big process. Does this > mean each Oracle process on Linux can access 3GB of memory? So that in > the end the whole of Oracle can actually use greater than 3GB of memory? > > -- > Lyndon Tiu > > > Quoting Chuck Hamilton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > > > By default, Windows imposes a 2g per process limit on all > > processes > > including the OS itself. Oracle runs as a process with each session > > running > > as a thread within that process so the entire Oracle process > > including SGA, > > sessions, DLLs, executables, etc. must all fit within 2g. There is > > a > > boot.ini switch that raises the limit to 3g while reducing the > > OS's > > addressable memory to 1g. > > > > I can't speak to other 32 or 64 bit platforms from experience as > > I've never > > tried to push any of them to the limit.You need to remember though > > that > > X-bit processor doesn't necessarily mean X-bit addressability. > > Unless I'm > > mistaken the bit size of a processor represents the size of the > > registers, > > instructions and internal busses, but not the memory addressability > > which is > > limited by other things in the hardware. Having said that, current > > 32 bit > > platforms can usually addresses 4g. > > -- > > Chuck > > > > - Original Message - > > To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 12:34 PM > > > > > > > Hello, > > > > > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform > > (Windows and > > > Linux on ia32)? > > > > > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform > > (Sparc > > > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > > > > > Thanks. > > > > > > -- > > > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > > -- > > > Author: Lyndon Tiu > > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > > http://www.fatcity.com > > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > > services > > > > > - > > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail > > message > > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > > in > > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > > may > > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > > subscribing). > > > > > > > > > -- > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > -- > > Author: Chuck Hamilton > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > > http://www.fatcity.com > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > > services > > - > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > > in > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > > may > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > > subscribing). > > > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Lyndon Tiu > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
That 3g limit only applies to Windows (2g w/o the boot.ini /3g switch). Linux is a whole other bowl of wax. Having never run Oracle in Linux I'm afraid I can't answer your question. My best guess would be the per process limit is 4g, but on most unix platforms the SGA (which the OP was about) is outside of the session processes. It's a chunk of shared memory. I don't know what limits Linux places on shared memory segments. - Original Message - To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 3:23 PM > Hey, I just remembered that Oracle on Linux runs as multiple processes > , unlike Oracle on Windows which runs as one big process. Does this > mean each Oracle process on Linux can access 3GB of memory? So that in > the end the whole of Oracle can actually use greater than 3GB of memory? > > -- > Lyndon Tiu > > > Quoting Chuck Hamilton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > > > By default, Windows imposes a 2g per process limit on all > > processes > > including the OS itself. Oracle runs as a process with each session > > running > > as a thread within that process so the entire Oracle process > > including SGA, > > sessions, DLLs, executables, etc. must all fit within 2g. There is > > a > > boot.ini switch that raises the limit to 3g while reducing the > > OS's > > addressable memory to 1g. > > > > I can't speak to other 32 or 64 bit platforms from experience as > > I've never > > tried to push any of them to the limit.You need to remember though > > that > > X-bit processor doesn't necessarily mean X-bit addressability. > > Unless I'm > > mistaken the bit size of a processor represents the size of the > > registers, > > instructions and internal busses, but not the memory addressability > > which is > > limited by other things in the hardware. Having said that, current > > 32 bit > > platforms can usually addresses 4g. > > -- > > Chuck > > > > - Original Message - > > To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > > Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 12:34 PM > > > > > > > Hello, > > > > > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform > > (Windows and > > > Linux on ia32)? > > > > > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform > > (Sparc > > > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > > > > > Thanks. > > > > > > -- > > > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > > -- > > > Author: Lyndon Tiu > > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > > http://www.fatcity.com > > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > > services > > > > > - > > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail > > message > > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > > in > > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > > may > > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > > subscribing). > > > > > > > > > -- > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > -- > > Author: Chuck Hamilton > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > > http://www.fatcity.com > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > > services > > - > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > > in > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > > may > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > > subscribing). > > > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Lyndon Tiu > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may > also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing). > -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Chuck Hamilton INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT sp
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
Hey, I just remembered that Oracle on Linux runs as multiple processes , unlike Oracle on Windows which runs as one big process. Does this mean each Oracle process on Linux can access 3GB of memory? So that in the end the whole of Oracle can actually use greater than 3GB of memory? -- Lyndon Tiu Quoting Chuck Hamilton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > By default, Windows imposes a 2g per process limit on all > processes > including the OS itself. Oracle runs as a process with each session > running > as a thread within that process so the entire Oracle process > including SGA, > sessions, DLLs, executables, etc. must all fit within 2g. There is > a > boot.ini switch that raises the limit to 3g while reducing the > OS's > addressable memory to 1g. > > I can't speak to other 32 or 64 bit platforms from experience as > I've never > tried to push any of them to the limit.You need to remember though > that > X-bit processor doesn't necessarily mean X-bit addressability. > Unless I'm > mistaken the bit size of a processor represents the size of the > registers, > instructions and internal busses, but not the memory addressability > which is > limited by other things in the hardware. Having said that, current > 32 bit > platforms can usually addresses 4g. > -- > Chuck > > - Original Message - > To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 12:34 PM > > > > Hello, > > > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform > (Windows and > > Linux on ia32)? > > > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform > (Sparc > > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > > > Thanks. > > > > -- > > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > -- > > Author: Lyndon Tiu > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > http://www.fatcity.com > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > services > > > - > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail > message > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > in > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > may > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > subscribing). > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Chuck Hamilton > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > in > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > may > also send the HELP command for other information (like > subscribing). > > -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Lyndon Tiu INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
Hmmm. I should have asked that last over the phone interview for that prospective job what hardware platform they run their databases on. They claimed all their database is cached in memory, as in "all". I know they use Linux, but on what hardware platform. 3GB buffer cache (less than this since PGA, sort area, log buffer takes some space too) does not give you a lot of data, does it? It's equivalent to a 3GB hard drive full of Oracle data. 3GB hard drives are what, a 5 year old technology? 3GB of Oracle data, translates to how many rows, columns, tables (roughly)?? -- Lyndon Tiu Quoting Chuck Hamilton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>: > By default, Windows imposes a 2g per process limit on all > processes > including the OS itself. Oracle runs as a process with each session > running > as a thread within that process so the entire Oracle process > including SGA, > sessions, DLLs, executables, etc. must all fit within 2g. There is > a > boot.ini switch that raises the limit to 3g while reducing the > OS's > addressable memory to 1g. > > I can't speak to other 32 or 64 bit platforms from experience as > I've never > tried to push any of them to the limit.You need to remember though > that > X-bit processor doesn't necessarily mean X-bit addressability. > Unless I'm > mistaken the bit size of a processor represents the size of the > registers, > instructions and internal busses, but not the memory addressability > which is > limited by other things in the hardware. Having said that, current > 32 bit > platforms can usually addresses 4g. > -- > Chuck > > - Original Message - > To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 12:34 PM > > > > Hello, > > > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform > (Windows and > > Linux on ia32)? > > > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform > (Sparc > > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > > > Thanks. > > > > -- > > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > > -- > > Author: Lyndon Tiu > > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > http://www.fatcity.com > > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > services > > > - > > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail > message > > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > in > > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > may > > also send the HELP command for other information (like > subscribing). > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Chuck Hamilton > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 > http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting > services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and > in > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You > may > also send the HELP command for other information (like > subscribing). > > -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Lyndon Tiu INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
Re: 32 bit and 64 bit memory
By default, Windows imposes a 2g per process limit on all processes including the OS itself. Oracle runs as a process with each session running as a thread within that process so the entire Oracle process including SGA, sessions, DLLs, executables, etc. must all fit within 2g. There is a boot.ini switch that raises the limit to 3g while reducing the OS's addressable memory to 1g. I can't speak to other 32 or 64 bit platforms from experience as I've never tried to push any of them to the limit.You need to remember though that X-bit processor doesn't necessarily mean X-bit addressability. Unless I'm mistaken the bit size of a processor represents the size of the registers, instructions and internal busses, but not the memory addressability which is limited by other things in the hardware. Having said that, current 32 bit platforms can usually addresses 4g. -- Chuck - Original Message - To: "Multiple recipients of list ORACLE-L" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Sent: Friday, February 28, 2003 12:34 PM > Hello, > > 1) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be in a 32bit platform (Windows and > Linux on ia32)? > > 2) How big (max) can an Oracle SGA be on a 64bit platform (Sparc > Solaris, AIX PowerPC)? > > Thanks. > > -- > Lyndon Tiu > > > > > > -- > Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net > -- > Author: Lyndon Tiu > INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com > San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services > - > To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message > to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in > the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L > (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may > also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing). > -- Please see the official ORACLE-L FAQ: http://www.orafaq.net -- Author: Chuck Hamilton INET: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Fat City Network Services-- 858-538-5051 http://www.fatcity.com San Diego, California-- Mailing list and web hosting services - To REMOVE yourself from this mailing list, send an E-Mail message to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (note EXACT spelling of 'ListGuru') and in the message BODY, include a line containing: UNSUB ORACLE-L (or the name of mailing list you want to be removed from). You may also send the HELP command for other information (like subscribing).
