Here is what i posted: Ricardo, Principles, Works, vol. 1 395: "Machinery and labour are in constant competition, and the former can frequently not be employed until labour rises." 395: "In America and many other countries, where the food of man is easily provided, there is not surely such great temptation to employ machinery as in England, where food is high, and costs much labour for its production. The same cause that raises labour, does not raise the value of machines, and, therefore with every augmentation of capital, a greater proportion is employed on machinery." But of course, labor was still more expensive in the U.S. despite cheap food. Gil Skillman wrote: > > PEN'rs: A long time ago someone on the list, maybe Michael Perelman, cited > a passage in Ricardo's _Principles of Political Economy and Taxation_ which > seemed to anticipate modern "efficiency wage" theory, to the effect that > higher wages can induce higher levels of worker effort or quality. If that > citation exists, could anyone direct me to it? Michael? Thanks in advance, > Gil Skillman -- Michael Perelman Economics Department California State University Chico, CA 95929 Tel. 916-898-5321 E-Mail [EMAIL PROTECTED]