The book I referred to in my earlier posting as "The Cost of Sprawl" was written by a graduate class at Pace University (I think). It's different from the official study done by the ULI (I think). The book's overarching method is to compare various costs across countries. For example, the book claims Sweden uses less energy per capita than the US, even though Sweden has a colder climate. The book also argues that such differences are directly tied to urban form. Incidently, cross-national comparisons do seem more fruitful than trying to construct alternate scenarios as a research design for attacking this problem. Much of the observations people made about development in the U.S. reflects this country's political economy more than saying specific about the costs of any one mode of urban form. Mark Gottdiener's "Planned Sprawl" may be of interest here, as would my own articles on U.S. housing and fordism (with Richard Florida -- see the "International Journal of Urban and Regional Research," c. 1989 and our paper in "Housing and Government: Comparisons from Seven Countries" published in a Sage edited collection). Marsh Feldman Phone: 401/874-5953 Community Planning, 204 Rodman Hall FAX: 401/874-5511 The University of Rhode Island Internet: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Kingston, RI 02881-0815