Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-27 Thread Cédric Villemain
Le mercredi 22 février 2012 20:12:35, Pavel Stehule a écrit :
 2012/2/22 Kevin Grittner kevin.gritt...@wicourts.gov:
  Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:
  usual pattern in our application is
  
  create table xx1 as select 
  analyze xx1
  create table xx2 as select  from xx1, 
  analyze xx2
  create table xx3 as select ... from xx3, 
  analyze xx3
  create table xx4 as select ... from xx1, ...
  
  tables xx** are use as cache.
  
  so we have to refresh statistic early.
  
  in this situation - and I found so in this case VACUUM ANALYZE is
  faster (30%) than ANALYZE. Size of xx** is usually between 500Kb
  and 8Kb
  
  This is not usual pattern for OLTP - Application is strictly OLAP.
  
  Is the VACUUM ANALYZE step faster, or is the overall job faster if
  VACUUM ANALYZE is run?  You may be running into the need to rewrite
  pages at an inopportune time or order without the VACUUM.  Have you
  tried getting a time VACUUM FREEZE ANALYZE on these cache tables
  instead of plain VACUUM ANALYZE?
  
  -Kevin
 
 vacuum freeze analyze is slower as expected. vacuum analyze is little
 bit faster or same in any step then analyze.
 
 I expected so just analyze should be significantly faster and it is not.
 
 Tom's demonstration is enough for me. ANALYZE doesn't read complete
 table, but uses random IO. VACUUM ANALYZE reads complete table, but it
 uses seq IO and vacuum is fast (because it does nothing) in our case.

VACUUM does read the 1st block to be sure readahead is done when ANALYSE does 
not.
For ANALYZE, maybe it is interesting to issue a read on the first block or use 
POSIX_FADVISE to (try) to force a readahead of the table when it is small 
enough (so ANALYSE can start working while blocks are read and put in cache).

That's being said, I am surprised that the pattern create table...analyze 
create table analyze of such smalls ones make the data being flush from OS 
cache so quickly that they need to be read again from disk.
Pavel, can you check the cache status of the tables just before the analyze ? 
(you can use OS tools or pgfincore extension for that)

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-25 Thread Cédric Villemain
Le mercredi 22 février 2012 20:12:35, Pavel Stehule a écrit :
 2012/2/22 Kevin Grittner kevin.gritt...@wicourts.gov:
  Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:
  usual pattern in our application is
  
  create table xx1 as select 
  analyze xx1
  create table xx2 as select  from xx1, 
  analyze xx2
  create table xx3 as select ... from xx3, 
  analyze xx3
  create table xx4 as select ... from xx1, ...
  
  tables xx** are use as cache.
  
  so we have to refresh statistic early.
  
  in this situation - and I found so in this case VACUUM ANALYZE is
  faster (30%) than ANALYZE. Size of xx** is usually between 500Kb
  and 8Kb
  
  This is not usual pattern for OLTP - Application is strictly OLAP.
  
  Is the VACUUM ANALYZE step faster, or is the overall job faster if
  VACUUM ANALYZE is run?  You may be running into the need to rewrite
  pages at an inopportune time or order without the VACUUM.  Have you
  tried getting a time VACUUM FREEZE ANALYZE on these cache tables
  instead of plain VACUUM ANALYZE?
  
  -Kevin
 
 vacuum freeze analyze is slower as expected. vacuum analyze is little
 bit faster or same in any step then analyze.
 
 I expected so just analyze should be significantly faster and it is not.
 
 Tom's demonstration is enough for me. ANALYZE doesn't read complete
 table, but uses random IO. VACUUM ANALYZE reads complete table, but it
 uses seq IO and vacuum is fast (because it does nothing) in our case.

VACUUM does read the 1st block to be sure readahead is done when ANALYSE does 
not.
For ANALYZE, maybe it is interesting to issue a read on the first block or use 
POSIX_FADVISE to (try) to force a readahead of the table when it is small 
enough (so ANALYSE can start working while blocks are read and put in cache).

That's being said, I am surprised that the pattern create table...analyze 
create table analyze of such smalls ones make the data being flush from OS 
cache so quickly that they need to be read again from disk.
Pavel, can you check the cache status of the tables just before the analyze ? 
(you can use OS tools or pgfincore extension for that)

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-23 Thread Simon Riggs
On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 10:02 PM, Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com wrote:
 On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 2:23 PM, Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com wrote:
 The industry accepted description for non-sequential access is random
 access whether or not the function that describes the movement is
 entirely random. To argue otherwise is merely hairsplitting.

 I don't think so.

PostgreSQL already uses  a parameter called random_page_cost to
describe non-sequential access. Perhaps that is wrong and we need a
third parameter?

 For example, a bitmap index scan contrives to speed
 things up by arranging for the table I/O to happen in ascending block
 number order, with skips, rather than in random order, as a plain
 index scan would do, and that seems to be a pretty effective
 technique.  Except to the extent that it interferes with the kernel's
 ability to do readahead, it really can't be to read blocks 1, 2, 3, 4,
 and 5 than to read blocks 1, 2, 4, and 5.  Not reading block 3 can't
 require more effort than reading it.

By that argument, ANALYZE never could run longer than VACUUM ANALYZE,
so you disagree with Tom and I and you can't explain Pavel's
results

cost_bitmap_heap_scan() uses random_page_cost to evaluate the cost
of accessing blocks, even though the author knew the access was in
ascending block number order. Why was that?

Note that the cost_bitmap_heap_scan() cost can be  than
cost-seqscan() for certain parameter values.

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-23 Thread Robert Haas
On Thu, Feb 23, 2012 at 3:34 AM, Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com wrote:
 On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 10:02 PM, Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com wrote:
 On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 2:23 PM, Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com wrote:
 The industry accepted description for non-sequential access is random
 access whether or not the function that describes the movement is
 entirely random. To argue otherwise is merely hairsplitting.

 I don't think so.

 PostgreSQL already uses  a parameter called random_page_cost to
 describe non-sequential access. Perhaps that is wrong and we need a
 third parameter?

 For example, a bitmap index scan contrives to speed
 things up by arranging for the table I/O to happen in ascending block
 number order, with skips, rather than in random order, as a plain
 index scan would do, and that seems to be a pretty effective
 technique.  Except to the extent that it interferes with the kernel's
 ability to do readahead, it really can't be to read blocks 1, 2, 3, 4,
 and 5 than to read blocks 1, 2, 4, and 5.  Not reading block 3 can't
 require more effort than reading it.

 By that argument, ANALYZE never could run longer than VACUUM ANALYZE,
 so you disagree with Tom and I and you can't explain Pavel's
 results

 cost_bitmap_heap_scan() uses random_page_cost to evaluate the cost
 of accessing blocks, even though the author knew the access was in
 ascending block number order. Why was that?

 Note that the cost_bitmap_heap_scan() cost can be  than
 cost-seqscan() for certain parameter values.

I think all three of us are saying more or less the same thing in
slightly different words, so I'd rather not have an argument about
this one.  But you're right: I can't explain Pavel's results, unless
doing ANALYZE before VACUUM is causing skip-block reads that defeat
the kernel's read-ahead detection.  I think it's fairly self-evident
that reading a fixed-size subset of the pages in ascending order can't
*in general* be more expensive than reading all of an arbitrarily
large table, and so I believe we're all in agreement that the behavior
he observed is unusual.  As to the cost estimation stuff, we use
random_page_cost as an approximation: there may be a head seek
involved, but to do better we'd have to estimate the likely length of
the seek based on the number of blocks skipped, something we currently
view as irrelevant, and it's not clear that it would improve the
quality of the estimate very much - there are other, probably larger
sources of error, such as the fact that the sequential logical block
number doesn't imply sequential physical position on the platter,
since the OS often fragments the file, especially (I think) on
Windows.

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Robert Haas
On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 9:00 AM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:
 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 But is not true. Why?

I'm pretty sure that VACUUM ANALYZE *will* be faster than ANALYZE in
general, because VACUUM has to scan the whole table, and ANALYZE only
a fixed-size subset of its pages.  Not sure what's happening in your
particular case...

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Nicolas Barbier
2012/2/22 Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com:

 On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 9:00 AM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
 wrote:

 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 But is not true. Why?

 I'm pretty sure that VACUUM ANALYZE *will* be faster than ANALYZE in
 general, because VACUUM has to scan the whole table, and ANALYZE only
 a fixed-size subset of its pages.

It sounds like you just said the opposite of what you wanted to say.

Nicolas

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Robert Haas
On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 8:13 AM, Nicolas Barbier
nicolas.barb...@gmail.com wrote:
 2012/2/22 Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com:

 On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 9:00 AM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
 wrote:

 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 But is not true. Why?

 I'm pretty sure that VACUUM ANALYZE *will* be faster than ANALYZE in
 general, because VACUUM has to scan the whole table, and ANALYZE only
 a fixed-size subset of its pages.

 It sounds like you just said the opposite of what you wanted to say.

Yeah, I did.  Woops.  Let me try that again:

ANALYZE should be faster; reads only some pages.

VACUUM ANALYZE should be slower; reads them all.

Dunno why Pavel's seeing the opposite without more info.

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Simon Riggs
On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 2:00 PM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:

 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

VACUUM ANALYZE scans the whole table sequentially.

ANALYZE accesses a random sample of data blocks. Random access is
slower than sequential access, so at some threshold of sample size and
sequential/random I/O speed ratio ANALYZE could become slower.

So it depends upon the hardware and the setting of stats_target.

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Tom Lane
Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com writes:
 On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 2:00 PM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
 wrote:
 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 VACUUM ANALYZE scans the whole table sequentially.

 ANALYZE accesses a random sample of data blocks. Random access is
 slower than sequential access, so at some threshold of sample size and
 sequential/random I/O speed ratio ANALYZE could become slower.

That analysis is entirely wrong.  In the first place, although ANALYZE
doesn't read all the blocks, what it does read it reads in block number
order.  So it's not like there are random seeks all over the disk that
would not need to happen anyway.  In the second place, VACUUM ANALYZE
consists of two separate passes, VACUUM and then ANALYZE, and the second
pass is going to be random I/O by your definition no matter what.

If the filesystem is hugely biased towards sequential I/O for some
reason, and the VACUUM scan causes the whole table to become resident in
RAM where ANALYZE can read it for free, then I guess it might be
possible to arrive at Pavel's result.  But it would be an awfully narrow
corner case.  I cannot believe that his statement is true in general,
or even for a noticeably large fraction of cases.

regards, tom lane

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread k...@rice.edu
On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 10:29:56AM -0500, Tom Lane wrote:
 Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com writes:
  On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 2:00 PM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
  wrote:
  I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
  expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.
 
  VACUUM ANALYZE scans the whole table sequentially.
 
  ANALYZE accesses a random sample of data blocks. Random access is
  slower than sequential access, so at some threshold of sample size and
  sequential/random I/O speed ratio ANALYZE could become slower.
 
 That analysis is entirely wrong.  In the first place, although ANALYZE
 doesn't read all the blocks, what it does read it reads in block number
 order.  So it's not like there are random seeks all over the disk that
 would not need to happen anyway.  In the second place, VACUUM ANALYZE
 consists of two separate passes, VACUUM and then ANALYZE, and the second
 pass is going to be random I/O by your definition no matter what.
 
 If the filesystem is hugely biased towards sequential I/O for some
 reason, and the VACUUM scan causes the whole table to become resident in
 RAM where ANALYZE can read it for free, then I guess it might be
 possible to arrive at Pavel's result.  But it would be an awfully narrow
 corner case.  I cannot believe that his statement is true in general,
 or even for a noticeably large fraction of cases.
 
   regards, tom lane
 

Wouldn't a full sequential scan trigger the kernel read-ahead, which
might not trigger for the analyze block reads, even though they are
in order? That could account for the observation.

Regards,
Ken

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Jeroen Vermeulen

On 2012-02-22 16:29, Tom Lane wrote:

(Snip context)


VACUUM ANALYZE
consists of two separate passes, VACUUM and then ANALYZE, and the second
pass is going to be random I/O by your definition no matter what.


I don't suppose there's a case where the VACUUM (1) gets to delete lots 
and lots of rows that then don't need ANALYZE'ing, and (2) can do so 
without actually touching all those pages?



Jeroen

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Pavel Stehule
2012/2/22 Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com:
 On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 8:13 AM, Nicolas Barbier
 nicolas.barb...@gmail.com wrote:
 2012/2/22 Robert Haas robertmh...@gmail.com:

 On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 9:00 AM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
 wrote:

 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 But is not true. Why?

 I'm pretty sure that VACUUM ANALYZE *will* be faster than ANALYZE in
 general, because VACUUM has to scan the whole table, and ANALYZE only
 a fixed-size subset of its pages.

 It sounds like you just said the opposite of what you wanted to say.

 Yeah, I did.  Woops.  Let me try that again:

 ANALYZE should be faster; reads only some pages.

 VACUUM ANALYZE should be slower; reads them all.

 Dunno why Pavel's seeing the opposite without more info.

usual pattern in our application is

create table xx1 as select 
analyze xx1
create table xx2 as select  from xx1, 
analyze xx2
create table xx3 as select ... from xx3, 
analyze xx3
create table xx4 as select ... from xx1, ...

tables xx** are use as cache.

so we have to refresh statistic early.

in this situation - and I found so in this case VACUUM ANALYZE is
faster (30%) than ANALYZE. Size of xx** is usually between 500Kb and
8Kb

This is not usual pattern for OLTP - Application is strictly OLAP.

Regards

Pavel


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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Kevin Grittner
Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:
 
 usual pattern in our application is
 
 create table xx1 as select 
 analyze xx1
 create table xx2 as select  from xx1, 
 analyze xx2
 create table xx3 as select ... from xx3, 
 analyze xx3
 create table xx4 as select ... from xx1, ...
 
 tables xx** are use as cache.
 
 so we have to refresh statistic early.
 
 in this situation - and I found so in this case VACUUM ANALYZE is
 faster (30%) than ANALYZE. Size of xx** is usually between 500Kb
 and 8Kb
 
 This is not usual pattern for OLTP - Application is strictly OLAP.
 
Is the VACUUM ANALYZE step faster, or is the overall job faster if
VACUUM ANALYZE is run?  You may be running into the need to rewrite
pages at an inopportune time or order without the VACUUM.  Have you
tried getting a time VACUUM FREEZE ANALYZE on these cache tables
instead of plain VACUUM ANALYZE?
 
-Kevin

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Pavel Stehule
2012/2/22 Kevin Grittner kevin.gritt...@wicourts.gov:
 Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com wrote:

 usual pattern in our application is

 create table xx1 as select 
 analyze xx1
 create table xx2 as select  from xx1, 
 analyze xx2
 create table xx3 as select ... from xx3, 
 analyze xx3
 create table xx4 as select ... from xx1, ...

 tables xx** are use as cache.

 so we have to refresh statistic early.

 in this situation - and I found so in this case VACUUM ANALYZE is
 faster (30%) than ANALYZE. Size of xx** is usually between 500Kb
 and 8Kb

 This is not usual pattern for OLTP - Application is strictly OLAP.

 Is the VACUUM ANALYZE step faster, or is the overall job faster if
 VACUUM ANALYZE is run?  You may be running into the need to rewrite
 pages at an inopportune time or order without the VACUUM.  Have you
 tried getting a time VACUUM FREEZE ANALYZE on these cache tables
 instead of plain VACUUM ANALYZE?

 -Kevin

vacuum freeze analyze is slower as expected. vacuum analyze is little
bit faster or same in any step then analyze.

I expected so just analyze should be significantly faster and it is not.

Tom's demonstration is enough for me. ANALYZE doesn't read complete
table, but uses random IO. VACUUM ANALYZE reads complete table, but it
uses seq IO and vacuum is fast (because it does nothing) in our case.

Thank You

Pavel

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Simon Riggs
On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 3:29 PM, Tom Lane t...@sss.pgh.pa.us wrote:
 Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com writes:
 On Tue, Feb 21, 2012 at 2:00 PM, Pavel Stehule pavel.steh...@gmail.com 
 wrote:
 I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
 expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

 VACUUM ANALYZE scans the whole table sequentially.

 ANALYZE accesses a random sample of data blocks. Random access is
 slower than sequential access, so at some threshold of sample size and
 sequential/random I/O speed ratio ANALYZE could become slower.

 That analysis is entirely wrong.  In the first place, although ANALYZE
 doesn't read all the blocks, what it does read it reads in block number
 order.  So it's not like there are random seeks all over the disk that
 would not need to happen anyway.

Entirely right it would seem, since your later comments match my own.

The industry accepted description for non-sequential access is random
access whether or not the function that describes the movement is
entirely random. To argue otherwise is merely hairsplitting.

The disk access is not-sequential for ANALYZE. Not-sequential access
is slower on some hardware, and so given a large enough sample it can
account for the observed difference.

Additional access to the disk while the ANALYZE was running would
actually make it fully random, if anyone really cares.


 If the filesystem is hugely biased towards sequential I/O for some
 reason, and the VACUUM scan causes the whole table to become resident in
 RAM where ANALYZE can read it for free, then I guess it might be
 possible to arrive at Pavel's result.  But it would be an awfully narrow
 corner case.  I cannot believe that his statement is true in general,
 or even for a noticeably large fraction of cases.

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Re: [HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-22 Thread Robert Haas
On Wed, Feb 22, 2012 at 2:23 PM, Simon Riggs si...@2ndquadrant.com wrote:
 The industry accepted description for non-sequential access is random
 access whether or not the function that describes the movement is
 entirely random. To argue otherwise is merely hairsplitting.

I don't think so.  For example, a bitmap index scan contrives to speed
things up by arranging for the table I/O to happen in ascending block
number order, with skips, rather than in random order, as a plain
index scan would do, and that seems to be a pretty effective
technique.  Except to the extent that it interferes with the kernel's
ability to do readahead, it really can't be to read blocks 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5 than to read blocks 1, 2, 4, and 5.  Not reading block 3 can't
require more effort than reading it.

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[HACKERS] VACUUM ANALYZE is faster than ANALYZE?

2012-02-21 Thread Pavel Stehule
Hello

I had to reply to query about usage VACUUM ANALYZE or ANALYZE. I
expected so ANALYZE should be faster then VACUUM ANALYZE.

But is not true. Why?

Regards

Pavel Stehule

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