Always remember, the network interface from the OS side and the network
interface from the hardware side are two completely different concepts. Other
than the fact that they are generally matched one to one, they really have
nothing to do with one another.
A hardware interface (i.e. on a NIC) is physical, and you have as many as you
have. No way to manufacture more without installing more hardware.
A OS network interface is a software construct. ETH0 (using the old
vernacular) generally maps to the first hardware interface, and provides a hook
for software to use… most notably the network stack. While it is not done out
of the box, there is no restriction to say that two of these constructs can not
map to the same back end construct. So yes, you can have ETH0.1 (again, using
the old vernacular)
VMWare and other similar virtual machine managers can take advantage of this.
The second point you need to get straight in your head is that a fixed IP
address is never a construct of the box, but of the Domain Naming Service (DNS)
on the network. It is NAMED that assigns the IP address. For an interface
(software in this case as the hardware’s address is actually the MAC ADDRESS)
to have an address, it asks the DHCP server for it. If the DHCP has been told,
always assign this address to this requester, the address is a fixed, reserved,
or dedicated IP depending on who is speaking to you. They all mean the Same
thing.
So, yes, the number of NICs on a box does not limit the number of network
interfaces the OS provides, and yes, each of those interfaces can have a
dynamic or dedicated IP address.
HTH
Kevin
Sent from my iPad
> On Apr 20, 2022, at 9:51 AM, Keith Smith via PLUG-discuss
> wrote:
>
>
> Hi,
> I'm wondering how VPS servers are configured. I have a VPS with a dedicated
> IP. I assume I share a box that has a number of virtual machines and I
> assume each VPS has a dedicated IP.
>
> This is a hardware question. I assume the box has at least 2 network cards.
> So lets say the server has 20 VPS on it and each has a dedicated IP. Does the
> box need a NIC for each IP or does the box have NIC cards that can
> service/route multiple IPs?
>
> I have a Dell consumer grade mini tower computer with a single NIC which is
> built into the motherboard. I assume that NIC can only service one IP
> address, is that correct or can I install virtualization software on this
> computer and use the NIC for multiple IP's?
>
> Did I just open a can of worms?
>
> Thanks in advance for your wisdom.
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