ANN: unicode 0.4.9
unicode is a simple python command line utility that displays properties for a given unicode character, or searches unicode database for a given name. It was written with Linux in mind, but should work almost everywhere (including MS Windows and MacOSX), UTF-8 console is recommended. Changes since previous versions: * better directional overriding for RTL characters * query wikipedia with -w switch * better heuristics guessing argument type Author: Radovan Garabík URL: http://kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk/~garabik/software/unicode/ License: GPL -- --- | Radovan Garabík http://kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk/~garabik/ | | __..--^^^--..__garabik @ kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk | --- Antivirus alert: file .signature infected by signature virus. Hi! I'm a signature virus! Copy me into your signature file to help me spread! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Hypergeometric distribution
On Sat, 31 Dec 2005 16:24:02 -0800, Raven wrote: Thanks to all of you guys, I could resolve my problem using the logarithms as proposed by Robert. I needed to calculate the factorial for genomic data, more specifically for the number of genes in the human genome i.e. about 30.000 and that is a big number :-) I didn't know gmpy Thanks a lot, really Are you *sure* the existing functions didn't work? Did you try them? def log2(x): ... return math.log(x)/math.log(2) ... n = 0.0 for i in range(1, 30): # ten times bigger than you need ... n += log2(i) ... n 5025564.6087276665 t = time.time(); x = 2L**(int(n) + 1); time.time() - t 0.26649093627929688 That's about one quarter of a second to calculate 300,000 factorial (approximately), and it shows that the calculations are well within Python's capabilities. Of course, converting this 1.5 million-plus digit number to a string takes a bit longer: t = time.time(); len(str(x)); time.time() - t 1512846 6939.3762848377228 A quarter of a second to calculate, and almost two hours to convert to a string. Lesson one: calculations on longints are fast. Converting them to strings is not. As far as your original question goes, try something like this: (formula from memory, may be wrong) def bincoeff(n,r): ... x = 1 ... for i in range(r+1, n+1): ... x *= i ... for i in range(1, n-r+1): ... x /= i ... return x ... bincoeff(10, 0) 1 bincoeff(10, 1) 10 bincoeff(10, 2) 45 bincoeff(10, 3) 120 import time t = time.time(); L = bincoeff(3, 7000); time.time() - t 28.317800045013428 Less than thirty seconds to calculate a rather large binomial coefficient exactly. How many digits? len(str(L)) 7076 If you are calculating hundreds of hypergeometric probabilities, 30 seconds each could be quite painful, but it certainly shows that Python is capable of doing it without resorting to logarithms which may lose some significant digits. Although, in fairness, the log function doesn't seem to lose much accuracy for arguments in the range you are dealing with. How long does it take to calculate factorials? def timefact(n): ... # calculate n! and return the time taken in seconds ... t = time.time() ... L = 1 ... for i in range(1, n+1): ... L *= i ... return time.time() - t ... timefact(3000) 0.054913997650146484 timefact(3) # equivalent to human genome 5.069951057434082 timefact(30) # ten times bigger 4255.2370519638062 Keep in mind, if you are calculating the hypergeometric probabilities using raw factorials, you are doing way too much work. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: IDE for Python ?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm getting realy tired of learning new languages. And especially frustrated at the 'syntax errors' when switching between them. There are basically only a few common concepts needed for all the languages. Hence linux's p2c: Pascal to C translator. A good IDE could hide the irrelevant details of the syntax, much like DOS/Norton-commander--Linux/mc hides the details, and makes visual, the common actions on files: move, copy, view ...edit ...search etc. Besides, I guess Python itself would be good to make such an IDE ? Is there any such tool available/recomended ? == Chris Glur. You obviously have not learnt many languages. First you have a very wrong notion that all languages are very similar. Pascal and C are similar languages (Hence P2C, BCX etc). But Pascal and C do not constitute *all* languages. There is a world of a difference between (Lisp and C) or (Haskell and Pascal) or (Prolog and Javascript). The differences between languages is not syntax but the theory and the favored model of solving problems behind them. Java, for example favors problem decomposition into objects. Lisp primarily decomposes problems to lists. Prolog to rules. Haskell to functions etc. Model representation (syntax) is secondary to this model. It is possible to represent problems at a higher level for a given model. For example OOP models can be represented in UML. MDA attempts to create executable programs based on these abstract models. These typically succeed only in well defined domains as 4GL tools. Can there be a common rendition between models of all languages? Yes. It is called machine code / byte code and it does not *hide* details from you. It is the detail. That is the marketing buzz behind .NET's CLR. Similarly there are about 200 languages / mini languages that compile to Java byte code. There have been attempts to create point and click tools for low level programming constructs like if clauses and for loops in the past. I came across atleast one for Java. I cannot remember the name now. Needless to say, none have succeeded. In short, there is no escape. If you want to create software, you must learn languages. The more you know (from different models), the better software you create, even if you can't use them all. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
On Sat, 31 Dec 2005 14:42:36 -0600, Kirk Strauser wrote:
I wrote this article which was published in Free Software Magazine:
http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_09/intro_zope_1/
It's intended as a high-level overview of the language, and therefore
glosses over some of the details. For example, I describe its function
calling mechanism as pass-by-reference, because that's close enough for
newcomers to get the gist of it.
Then what you are describing is not Python, it is some mythical language
that is almost like Python, but just enough like C to confuse programmers
who think they have discovered a bug when the following doesn't work:
def increment(n, inc=1):
n += inc
n = 1
increment(n)
assert n == 2
I assume you mean C++, not C. As in C
int n=1;
void increment(int *n)
{
n+=1
}
assert(n==2); /* this one would fail */
Behave exactly like your sample.
I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which
is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you
describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language. Python is no
more interpreted than Java. Like Java, it is compiled into byte-code which
is then executed by a virtual machine. It has a separate compilation and
execution step.
(Amazing how the Java virtual machine is one of the great buzz-word
selling features of the language, and yet Python people take it utterly
for granted.)
We both know that rational people shouldn't care about the difference
between compilers and interpreters: it is performance that counts, not
how you get it. We know that Python doesn't literally analyse the source
code over and over again, and no major interpreted language has done this
for probably two decades or more. We can argue about the differences
between interpretation, tokenization, compilation and execution, and
pedants like me will mention that machine code is interpreted by the CPU.
But sadly, many decision makers don't understand these subtleties. To
them, compiled languages like C++ and Java are Good, interpreted languages
are Bad and doomed to be slow and weak. As soon as you describe
Zope/Python as interpreted, you turn off maybe 25% or 50% of the Pointy
Haired Bosses who are making the decision of what technologies are used.
I don't see that as a problem. In fact, it alarms them the right way.
For those who don't care(I met many who don't, so long the technology
delivers the end result, they don't want to know the difference or the
buzz words), it doesn't matter. For those who knows a little bit(even
not the detail) and care, this interpreted term gives them the right
reason to ask :
1. would that be slow ?
2. does it mean the source cannot be reasonably seperated from the end
product ?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:06:10 +1100, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language ... So does http://www.python.org/doc/Summary.html. Regards, Dan -- Dan Sommers http://www.tombstonezero.net/dan/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Numeric RandomArray seed problem
Hello, I tried calling RandomArray.seed() by calling RandomArray.get_seed() I get the seed number (x,y). My problem is that x is always 113611 any advice? Thanks pujo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Application architecture (long post - sorry)
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, I want to create a mobile field worker data solution. Let me explain... I work for a company that has some software used by call takers to enter information into a database about faults with electrical appliances they manufacture, sell to customers, and then provide maintenance contracts for. The company has a number of field workers (growing number) servicing these appliances, and information about the faults and customer locations is fed to them by printing off job sheets from the call taking system and then either faxing them to the engineers or the engineers drop in to the office and collect them. There are lots of problems with this, such as lost job information, incomplete forms, incorrect non validated data, the cost of printing off job sheets and also the engineers having to collect, regular phone calls to the engineers to update them on call informtion, and then the fact that all this data then has to be inputted back into another system manully. Basically I want to create a means of getting this data to them electronically. I know there are a few companies who could provide this solution but they are very expensive and possibly overkill at the moment, we could start developing our own basic system then it can grow over time. Just one advise from my personal experience: Don't build it yourself. This part of your company seems to be growing, and a number of 60 field engineers is already considerable. So, processes will change, managers will ask for specific KPIs, the need will come up to dispatch engineers based on their location/skillset etc. etc. You might run into technical problems with the client appliances (compability) if you don't do extensive testing. So, soon a commercial application might not be overkill anymore, but you already have a Big Ball of Mud sitting there. ( http://www.laputan.org/mud/mud.html#PiecemealGrowth ) All in all you should at least do a careful cost comparison between commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) and inhouse development for the next 3 to 5 years. Don't understimate testing and training costs and the change of your business. I could see two alternatives: 1. Buy a COTS package which has the big additional benefit of being implemented for some tried and tested processes, so that your company doesn't have to reeinvent their processes from scratch (it worked with SAP, didn't it ;) ) 2. Go the super cheap route, like buying a blackberry package from a local mobile provider and send the jobs to the engineers via email. The neat thing is that it pushes out the mails to the clients. Maybe there are also some ready made packages to implement some forms on the blackberry's email client. That way, you have the alternative of cheaply learning how things go in practice, and refine the requirements. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Line replace
Hello I need some help I have a text file which changes dynamically and has 200-1800 lines. I need to replace a line , this line can be located via a text marker like : somelines # THIS IS MY MARKER This is the line to be replaced somemorelines My question is how to do this in place without a temporary file , so that the line after the marker is being replaced with mynewlinetext. Thanks Nx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 06:09:14 -0500, Dan Sommers wrote: On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:06:10 +1100, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language ... So does http://www.python.org/doc/Summary.html. Then it is time it stopped. In fairness, from a technical perspective, describing Python as interpreted is not wrong -- as I've pointed out, machine code is interpreted too -- but neither does it give the correct impression. Many people have argued that the terms interpreted and compiled are no longer meaningful in this day and age. I wouldn't go that far, but given the negative connotations of interpreted I think it is both better and more accurate to emphasis the fact that Python code is byte-code compiled and only use the I-word when discussing Python's interactive environment and eval/exec. If I could think of another word for interpreter, I would use it even then. People who are smart and care about correctness -- the reality-based community -- often don't realise just how many decisions are made on the basis of unfacts like everybody knows interpreted languages are slow and inefficient, that's what my professor told me when I did a semester of C in 1982, we better stick to Java or .Net. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 02:55:01 -0800, bonono wrote: But sadly, many decision makers don't understand these subtleties. To them, compiled languages like C++ and Java are Good, interpreted languages are Bad and doomed to be slow and weak. As soon as you describe Zope/Python as interpreted, you turn off maybe 25% or 50% of the Pointy Haired Bosses who are making the decision of what technologies are used. I don't see that as a problem. In fact, it alarms them the right way. For those who don't care(I met many who don't, so long the technology delivers the end result, they don't want to know the difference or the buzz words), it doesn't matter. For those who knows a little bit(even not the detail) and care, this interpreted term gives them the right reason to ask : 1. would that be slow ? 2. does it mean the source cannot be reasonably seperated from the end product ? Dude, if they had the sense to ask the question Will this be slow? they won't be a PHB now will they? :-) They should be asking these questions about *any* technology. If you care about keeping your algorithms secret, you should be asking about source code, and debugging information, and how easily can attackers disassemble your code, not just assuming oh it is compiled, it will be fine. If you care about speed, and let's face it, we all care about speed, you should ask how fast the code will run regardless of what language it is written in. I can write C code that will run slower than Python code, and take longer to do it too. I'm not worried about people having the sense to judge Python on its merits. If Python is not suited for a particular job, then we would not be doing anyone any favours to push Python for that job. I'm worried about people who pre-judging (as in prejudice) Python negatively on the basis of buzzwords they barely understand. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 19:31:38 +0800, DarkBlue wrote: Hello I need some help I have a text file which changes dynamically and has 200-1800 lines. I need to replace a line , this line can be located via a text marker like : somelines # THIS IS MY MARKER This is the line to be replaced somemorelines My question is how to do this in place without a temporary file , so that the line after the marker is being replaced with mynewlinetext. Let me see if I understand your problem... you need to edit a text file in place at the same time that another process is also changing the file in place? That's hard. You need some way to decide who gets precedence if both you and the other process both try to change the same line simultaneously. I think the only way this is even half-doable will be if: - the other process writing to the file only appends to the end of the file, and does not try to write to the middle; - the new line you are writing is the same length as the old line you are replacing; - and you are running an operating system that allows two processes to have simultaneous write access to a file. What problem are you trying to solve by having simultaneous writes to the same file? Perhaps there is another way. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Application architecture (long post - sorry)
Mike Meyer wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I have looked at the options for developing the client for these electronic job sheets and have decided upon Microsoft Pocket PC and the .net compact framework. It seems the easiest environment for developing and the PDA's can be obtained very cheaply as a package from a GSM/GPRS data carrier. That seems like overkill for this application. Problem 1 - Physical connectivity how would I make the actual network connection in to the server from the client Running a VPN connection over GPRS ? Connecting to the web on the client then using web services ? The physical connectivity isn't your worry. How you access it from software depends on your chosen platform. The above decisions probably depend on the answer to problem 2... How to connect to the data Or even simpler I could just export data for the engineers into XML or .csv files and expose them using a web server the client then just connects to the server and then downloads the job data , and uploads completed job information I've gone this route before, and this is why I say your .net solution looks like overkill. The phones that GSM providers *give away* have web browsers built into them, and it's been that way for years. No need for .net or Pocket PC or whatever on the mobile device - just get a web-enabled phone. This makes half the development trivial - you don't have to do *any* development on the mobile side of things. cut Somehow I immediately thought of the s60 platform, it even runs some form of python if you really need it to ;-) http://www.s60.com/ -- mph -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
Hi, I'm trying to zip a particular fiolder and place the zipped folder into a target folder using python. I have used the following command in 'ubuntu'. zip_command = 'zip -qr %s %s' % (target, ' '.join(source)) I execute this using os.command(zip_command). It works fine... But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. What command is there to zip files in Windows? Or is there any other problem ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
Hello
I need some help
I have a text file which changes dynamically and has
200-1800 lines. I need to replace a line , this line
can be located via a text marker like :
somelines
# THIS IS MY MARKER
This is the line to be replaced
somemorelines
My question is how to do this in place without
a temporary file , so that the line after
the marker is being replaced with mynewlinetext.
Thanks
Nx
You will either have to read the whole file into memory (at 1800 lines,
this shouldn't be too bad) or read piecementally from the input file,
write the processed output to a new file, delete the input file and
rename the new file to the original file (yes, that's using a temporary
file, but it'll be more memory friendly).
The first solution would look something like this:
#Untested
import sre
input_file = file('/your/path/here')
input_file_content = input_file.read()
input_file.close()
pat = sre.compile(r'^#THIS IS MY MARKER\n.*$')
mat = pat.search(input_file_content)
while mat:
input_file_content = pat.sub('New text goes here',
input_file_content)
mat = pat.search(input_file_content)
file('/your/path/here', 'w').write(input_file_content)
The second one might be cleaner to do using a shell script (assuming
you're on a *nix) - awk or sed are perfect for this type of job - but
the python solution will look like this:
#Untested
import os
input_file = file('/your/path/goes/here')
output_file = file('/tmp/temp_python_file', 'w')
marked = False
for line in input_file:
if line == '#THIS IS MY MARKER':
marked = True
elif marked:
output_file.write('New line goes here\n')
else:
output_file.write(line)
input_file.close()
os.system('rm /your/path/goes/here')
os.system('mv /tmp/temp_python_file /your/path/goes/here')
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 04:07:11 -0800, sri2097 wrote: Hi, I'm trying to zip a particular fiolder and place the zipped folder into a target folder using python. I have used the following command in 'ubuntu'. zip_command = 'zip -qr %s %s' % (target, ' '.join(source)) I execute this using os.command(zip_command). It works fine... But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. Would you like to tell us what error you get? No no, I'll just guess... your disk is full... am I close? *wink* What command is there to zip files in Windows? Or is there any other problem ? What happens if you call up a Windows command prompt and type zip at the prompt? -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
Steven D'Aprano wrote: I'm worried about people who pre-judging (as in prejudice) Python negatively on the basis of buzzwords they barely understand. For those with prejudice, it doesn't matter anyway. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
Steven D'Aprano wrote: But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. Would you like to tell us what error you get? I presume the error he's seeing is something along the line of: zip: Bad command or filename. That's basically because there is no commandline builtin for zipping up files on Windows, and I don't know of WinZIP or any of the InfoZIP derived GUIs installing a command-line zipper. What might help you though (and keep you platform-independent): http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.2/lib/module-zipfile.html --- Heiko. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
Heiko Wundram wrote: That's basically because there is no commandline builtin for zipping up files on Windows, and I don't know of WinZIP or any of the InfoZIP derived GUIs installing a command-line zipper. btw. the zip command isn't builtin on Unix either. It's only available if you installed the corresponding InfoZIP package(s). I know pretty much every Linux-distribution comes preinstalled with it (because of stuff like ark, a KDE-frontend for archivers, requiring it), but you shouldn't rely on that either. --- Heiko. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
Steven D'Aprano wrote: Let me see if I understand your problem... you need to edit a text file in place at the same time that another process is also changing the file in place? That's hard. You need some way to decide who gets precedence if both you and the other process both try to change the same line simultaneously. I think the only way this is even half-doable will be if: - the other process writing to the file only appends to the end of the file, and does not try to write to the middle; - the new line you are writing is the same length as the old line you are replacing; - and you are running an operating system that allows two processes to have simultaneous write access to a file. What problem are you trying to solve by having simultaneous writes to the same file? Perhaps there is another way. Thanks for your reply. I would have no problem to let other processes finish their writing duty to the file and my script only gets access when no other process is working with the file. The file written to is the hosts.allow file which is changed often by the blockhosts.py script when some ssh access is attempted. Now blockhosts.py works great , but sometimes our mobile clients try to access from ip addresses which are completely blocked to avoid the thousands of scripted attacks showing up in our logs. Now our authorized clients register themselves automatically with computername,id and ip address via a small python script which sends this information to a firebird database on our server. A serverside script scans the database ever so often and changes the hosts.allow file to enable authorized clients to log on via ssh if they have moved out of their original areas ( like traveling from china to india and logging in from a hotel room) Most of the clients run Suse9.3 so does the server some are wxp machines which get their ssh access via winscp or putty if needed. Every client has a marker in the hosts.allow file so if a change occurs one line shall be replaced by another line on the fly. I hope this describes it. Nx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
f2py and common blocks /Carl
I have been experimenting with f2py and some fortran code that I want to port to Python. I have the following fortran file (TEST_00.f): C FILE: TEST_00.f SUBROUTINE FOO(WORK) IMPLICIT REAL*8 (A-H, O-Z) COMMON /SIZES/ NINT DIMENSION WORK(NINT) DIMENSION USOL(NINT) DO 10 I=1,NINT WORK(I)=0.0 PRINT *, In Fortran WORK(I)=, WORK(I) 10 CONTINUE END DO 10 I=1,NINT USOL(I)=0.0 PRINT *, In Fortran USOL(I)=, USOL(I) 10 CONTINUE END C END OF TEST_00.f and the following signature file (generated by f2py TEST_00.f -m TEST_00 -h TEST_00.pyf): python module TEST_00 ! in interface ! in :TEST_00 subroutine foo(work) ! in :TEST_00:TEST_00.f real*8 dimension(nint) :: work integer optional,check(len(work)=nint),depend(work) :: nint=len(work) common /sizes/ nint end subroutine foo end interface end python module TEST_00 When compiling (with f2py -c TEST_00.pyf TEST_00.f) I get the following error message: /tmp/tmpl75SQT/src/TEST_00module.c:149: error: `nint' undeclared (first use in this function) Question: How can one declare arrays passed as parameters via common block variables? Yours/ Carl -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
DarkBlue [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Now our authorized clients register themselves automatically with computername,id and ip address via a small python script which sends this information to a firebird database on our server... Every client has a marker in the hosts.allow file so if a change occurs one line shall be replaced by another line on the fly. Why don't you use the database to store those markers? It should support concurrent updates properly. That's a database's job. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
Why don't you use the database to store those markers? It should support concurrent updates properly. That's a database's job. The markers are just there to have a static way to find the line after the marker, which is the one which might have to be changed. Nx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Application architecture (long post - sorry)
In response to Mike's post... I know exactly where you're coming from and you are right a web based solution is the simplest and would be the fastest to develop and rollout etc. but.. The cost is in the data, in the uk you get charged for the amount of data you send/receive by GPRS and this data you are paying for would ideally be useful data and not the HTML to present it. Engineers generally get the job information then fill in bits as they go along, and also reveiew what has been done on the job at various times throughout their work, this could mean alot of traffic moving through data screens in a web based application. The push capability of a full client could also be very useful. The pocket PC hardware is very cheap, and this platform would provide a good user experience with regards to screen size and means of inputting the data. In response to Ernst... There hasn't been a full decision by management to spend lots of cash on this as yet hence why I am making this sort of a pet project for my self and spending mostly my own time, we will then hopefully trial it with a few engineers and then see where it goes, you are right though, the company ideally should invest in a full solution as in my opinion there could be massive savings to the company both in money and time and also improved service to customers, problem is management can take a lot of convincing and they don't like spending money. It would give me great satisfaction though to roll my own solution to this and then at least prove the benefits to the company, even if just to convince them to purchase a system from a vendor, and even if that happens i will have learnt a lot in the process. Thanks for your replies, they are much appreciated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 06:09:14 -0500, Dan Sommers wrote: On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:06:10 +1100, Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language ... So does http://www.python.org/doc/Summary.html. Then it is time it stopped. In fairness, from a technical perspective, describing Python as interpreted is not wrong -- as I've pointed out, machine code is interpreted too -- but neither does it give the correct impression. Many people have argued that the terms interpreted and compiled are no longer meaningful in this day and age. I wouldn't go that far, but given the negative connotations of interpreted I think it is both better and more accurate to emphasis the fact that Python code is byte-code compiled and only use the I-word when discussing Python's interactive environment and eval/exec. If I could think of another word for interpreter, I would use it even then. People who are smart and care about correctness -- the reality-based community -- often don't realise just how many decisions are made on the basis of unfacts like everybody knows interpreted languages are slow and inefficient, that's what my professor told me when I did a semester of C in 1982, we better stick to Java or .Net. Right on. Here's a tongue-in-cheek proposal for the python.org homepage to describe a combination of python, twisted and zope or something similar. It yields a 10 on the buzzword meter, but is unfortunately blatantly stolen: Today, more and more developers want to write distributed transactional applications for the enterprise and leverage the speed, security, and reliability of server-side technology. If you are already working in this area, you know that in today's fast-moving and demanding world of e-commerce and information technology, enterprise applications have to be designed, built, and produced for less money, faster, and with fewer resources than ever before. To reduce costs and fast-track enterprise application design and development, the Python Platform Enterprise Edition technology provides a component-based approach to the design, development, assembly, and deployment of enterprise applications. The Python Enterprise platform gives you a multitiered distributed application model, the ability to reuse components, a unified security model, and flexible transaction control. Not only can you deliver innovative customer solutions to market faster than ever, but your platform-independent Python component-based solutions are not tied to the products and APIs of any one vendor. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
DarkBlue [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: The markers are just there to have a static way to find the line after the marker, which is the one which might have to be changed. OK, why don't you store those changing lines in the database? Can you arrange for those changeable lines to be fixed length, i.e. by padding with spaces or something? If you can, then you could just overwrite them in place. Use flock or fcntl (Un*x) or the comparable Windows locking primitives to make sure other processes don't update the file simultaneously. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: logging module example
One thing that made little sense to me when I was first working on
this is the following variation on the original script:
#--begin test script--
import logging
forest = [root,trunk,branch,leaf]
lumber_jack = {forest[0] : logging.DEBUG
,forest[1] : logging.INFO
,forest[2] : logging.WARNING
,forest[3] : logging.ERROR }
log_name= []
for log in forest:
mounty = logging.FileHandler(%s%s.txt % (/home/smitty/mddl/,log))
log_name.append(log)
print Instantiating %s % ..join(log_name)
timber = logging.getLogger(..join(log_name))
#Comment out explit setting of level for logger
#timber.setLevel(lumber_jack[log])
#Commented out totally, called without argument, or called with
# logging.NOTSET all produce same output
#timber.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
timber.addHandler(mounty)
if lumber_jack[log] == logging.DEBUG:
timber.debug( %s's a lumberjack, and he's OK. % log)
elif lumber_jack[log] == logging.INFO:
timber.info( %s's a lumberjack, and he's OK. % log)
elif lumber_jack[log] == logging.WARNING:
timber.warning(%s's a lumberjack, and he's OK. % log)
elif lumber_jack[log] == logging.ERROR:
timber.error( %s's a lumberjack, and he's OK. % log)
mounty.emit( logging.LogRecord( timber
, 0
, /mnt/dmz/proj/mddl4/mddl.py
, 37
, burp?
, None
, None ))
#--end test script--
#---
#expected output
#---
$ cat root.txt
root's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
trunk's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat trunk.txt
trunk's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat branch.txt
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat leaf.txt
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
#---
#actual output
#---
$ cat root.txt
burp?
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat trunk.txt
burp?
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat branch.txt
branch's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
$ cat leaf.txt
leaf's a lumberjack, and he's OK.
burp?
#---
At any rate, I see now that I want to use logging.setLevel() to lay
in my own, more descriptive, levels, and then the straight
logging.log() function to do that for me.
Ah, the learning curve.
Best,
Chris
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Re: Line replace
OK, why don't you store those changing lines in the database? Can you arrange for those changeable lines to be fixed length, i.e. by padding with spaces or something? If you can, then you could just overwrite them in place. Use flock or fcntl (Un*x) or the comparable Windows locking primitives to make sure other processes don't update the file simultaneously. hmm , the line is actually being read from a database and now needs to be written into a file replacing the line after the marker... the line contains only an ip address pseudocode is like this: get newlinetext from database # this is ok done with kinterbas preferably check if file not in use by other process open file and find desired marker go to line after marker and replace that one with newlinetext close the file Should be easy, but I am suffering from New Year writer's block.. Nx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Claudio Grondi wrote:
Please send me comments, suggestions and ideas.
Now, after the contest is over I analysed the outcome of it and have
come to the conclusion, that there were two major factors which
contributed to squeezing of code:
(1). usage of available variants for coding of the same thing
(2). sqeezing the size of used numeric and string literals
As (1) leads to less readable cryptic code it makes not much sense from
my point of view to dig deeper in that direction. As already mentioned
in this thread by Tim Peters ( pointing to
http://spoj.sphere.pl/problems/KAMIL/ ) it seems, that Pearl is here the
proper language of choice for such kind of problems anyway.
Trying to improve on (2) belongs in my eyes much more into the area of
problems discussed in comp.compression than to problems belonging into
comp.lang.python .
So what is my point? Ok, I will mention it at the end of this post.
Before that I want to thank the originators of the contest and
especially the participants for providing insight into the techniques
they have used. I have learned from the contest what lambda expression
is good for and how it works where I failed to grasp it from reading
tutorials only.
I have detected, that it would be a nice thing to have in Python a
function able to convert values from binary string to an integer
representation as in my eyes both in case of long integer values are
more or less the same thing/object. The only difference is probably in
the header not in the representation of the actual value in memory - am
I right here? Will it make sense to have a string-integer object which
value can be used in both contexts as a binary string and a long integer
value?
Is there in Python any simple way to do the same as the following two
following functions I have put together today:
def longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString(stringToConvert):
intWithBitsOfBinaryString = 0L
for singleChar in stringToConvert:
intWithBitsOfBinaryString = (intWithBitsOfBinaryString8) +
ord(singleChar)
#:for
return intWithBitsOfBinaryString
#:def longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString(s)
def binaryStringWithBitsOfLongInt(i):
listOfCharsOfStringWithThePackedInt = []
exponent = 1
while i 256**exponent: exponent+=1
for byteNo in range(0,exponent):
noOfBitsToShift = byteNo*8
listOfCharsOfStringWithThePackedInt.append(chr(inoOfBitsToShift0xFF))
#:for
# reverse (in place) in order to get the highest bits of the integer
as leftmost byte
listOfCharsOfStringWithThePackedInt.reverse()
stringWithThePackedInt = ''.join(listOfCharsOfStringWithThePackedInt)
return stringWithThePackedInt
#:def binaryStringWithBitsOfLongInt(i)
print longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA') =
%i%longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA')
print
binaryStringWithBitsOfLongInt(longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA')) =
'%s'%binaryStringWithBitsOfLongInt(longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA'))
which gives:
longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA') = 1094861377
binaryStringWithBitsOfLongInt(longIntWithBitsOfBinaryString('ABBA')) =
'ABBA'
?
And now my point I have promised to write about:
If squeezing code makes it bad code and compressing literals is more or
less compression technique and not Python programming, it is maybe a
good idea to try to explore what Python distribution provides as data
and modules and rewrite the seven_seg module, but with following
limitations:
1. it is not allowed to use any literals in the provided code
2. it is not allowed to misuse the names of the identifiers as a kind of
literals providing data
3. it is not allowed to use modules or files which doesn't come with the
Python distribution.
I have no slightest idea if it is possible to program a seven_seg
module under such conditions. It could be a sign, that it would be a
very interesting challenge worth to get involved into or a sign I have
no slightest idea about Python and programming.
What do you all think about it?
Claudio
After some coding trials, it turned out to be quite easy (almost
trivial) to overcome the problem of not beeing allowed to use any
literals in the script code, but I suppose, that I am not alone with not
seeing directly how to code it, so it is maybe a good exercise for a
Python beginner (like me) to cope a bit with it.
Knowing this I am curious if it is also comparable easy in other
programming languages, e.g. when using only a C/C++ compiler and linker
executables along with the provided libraries and header files? I
suppose, that each language comes with built-in literals which can be
utilized in own code to get the full range of required literals into
identifiers by using only what the language provides itself.
Am I right or not?
Claudio
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Re: Global Variables in OOP and Python
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Fri, 30 Dec 2005 20:00:51 -0500, Mike Meyer wrote: The other way I thought of is to create a separate class that consists of the variables and to use the from file name import * in all of the files (namespaces) where it is needed. Except for one detail, this is a Pythonesque method. The detail is that from module import * is generally considered a bad idea. There are two reasons for this: Agree about from module import * being bad, but it is still generally poor practice for the same reason using global variables is generally poor practice. No, I don't think so. The general wisdom is that global variables are bad not because they are global, but because they are variable. Responsibility about state mutation is scattered across the code and spaghetti is the likely consequence. This cannot be prevented by changing the access protocoll ( getters / setters ) or using static variables. Mutable OO-singletons are not less harmfull than good old globals. Namespace pollution or name clashes are another issue and we have to make a tradeoff between easeness of following references and namespace security on the one hand conciseness on the other. I'm not completely unhappy using True instead of __builtins__.True allthough the latter would be more pure. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 03:34:33 +0100, Claudio Grondi wrote:
Please send me comments, suggestions and ideas.
Now, after the contest is over I analysed the outcome of it and have
come to the conclusion, that there were two major factors which
contributed to squeezing of code:
(1). usage of available variants for coding of the same thing
(2). sqeezing the size of used numeric and string literals
[snip]
Is there in Python any simple way to do the same as the following two
following functions I have put together today:
They are already pretty simple. You can make them even more simple by
using less complicated names and getting rid of the explicit end block
markers. It is sometimes useful to put in explicit end block markers when
you have long blocks, but when the block is just a single line, well,
I don't see the point.
Here is another possibility.
import array
A = array.array('b')
n = 100
while n:
A.append(n255); n = n 8
A.reverse()
A
array('b', [15, 66, 64])
15*256**2 + 66*256 + 64
100
A.tostring()
'\x0fB@'
The reverse transformation is just as easy:
A = array.array('b', \x0fB@) # initialise from a byte string
n = 0L
for b in A:
n = n 8 | b
n
100L
And of course these can be turned into functions.
What I have thought about as a simpler/better solution is a method
allowing to avoid processing the content of the string or long integer
object by looping over its content. I suppose, that knowing enough about
Python internals it must be possible to change only the object type not
beeing forced to process the content i.e. the value itself, what in case
of big size of data to convert with methods like this above wastes CPU
time.
Claudio
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Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
Heiko Wundram wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. Would you like to tell us what error you get? I presume the error he's seeing is something along the line of: zip: Bad command or filename. That's basically because there is no commandline builtin for zipping up files on Windows, and I don't know of WinZIP or any of the InfoZIP derived GUIs installing a command-line zipper. What might help you though (and keep you platform-independent): http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.2/lib/module-zipfile.html --- Heiko. Go and get something like 7-ZIP and put a path environment variable in. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Xah's Edu Corner: Tech Geekers and their Style
Xah Lee wrote: With all the whizbang of styles and features in CSS2, a basic, necessary, functional layout feature as multi-columns is not there yet. This is a indication of the fatuousness of the IT industry's technologies and its people. No, this is an indication of what happens to an industry paralyzed by organized crime and a corrupt government. Microsoft delendum est. -- John W. Kennedy But now is a new thing which is very old-- that the rich make themselves richer and not poorer, which is the true Gospel, for the poor's sake. -- Charles Williams. Judgement at Chelmsford -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Help please with binary file read
I'm trying to convert a Real Basic routine into Python and I can't read the
long integer data from a file.
Here is the Real Basic code:
b=f.OpenAsBinaryFile
b.LittleEndian=True
i=b.ReadByte
titles=b.ReadLong
shows=b.ReadLong
i=b.ReadLong
And here is my code:
db = open('otter.db', 'rb')
null = db.read(1) # read empty byte
titles = db.read(4)
shows = db.read(4)
null = db.read(1) # read empty byte
print titles
When I print titles I get ascii pictures. How do I convert 'titles' to an
integer I can loop through?
Is db.read(4) correct for ReadLong?
Thanks!
PS. here's the file I'm working with http://otterprojectonline.info/otter.db
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how to show Chinese Characters in the value set of a dictionary
Hi there,
I have a dictionary with values of Chinses Characters. For
example,
dict = {}
dict['c1']=中国一
dict['c2']=中国二
dict.values()
['\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xb6\xfe', '\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xd2\xbb']
Since the result of dict.values will be inserted into web pages and
handled by javascript there, I want to show Chinese Characters
in the list directly like this,
['中国一','中国二']
Anybody knows how to do this? Thank you very much for your help.
Ouyang
--
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Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
On Sunday 01 January 2006 01:06 am, Steven D'Aprano wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, There's nothing wrong with that, and if I hadn't been prepared for it, I wouldn't have posted the link in here. You have fair points. Unfortunately, though, the word length of the article just didn't provide enough space to go into the level of detail those subjects would have required. I tried to compromise by giving the answer that most closely fit the situation without being exactly correct. By the way, the author style guides say to write for an audience with technical background. That article was meant for you, not your boss. :-) -- Kirk Strauser -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 15:49:58 +0100, Claudio Grondi wrote: What I have thought about as a simpler/better solution is a method allowing to avoid processing the content of the string or long integer object by looping over its content. How can you avoid looping over its content? Whether you do it yourself using for byte in array or similar, or Python does it for you (using array.tostring perhaps), *something* has to walk through the bytes. If you don't like walking the string, write a function to do it once, and then use the function. I suppose, that knowing enough about Python internals it must be possible to change only the object type not beeing forced to process the content i.e. the value itself, what in case of big size of data to convert with methods like this above wastes CPU time. I'm reminded of a time I was going for a drive in the country when I drove past an apple orchid. Standing in the orchid was a farmer with a pig. He lifted the pig into the air, and the pig then bit an apple and slowly chewed it. The farmer then carried him over to another branch, and the pig ate another apple. I was so surprised I stopped my car and wandered over to ask the farmer what he was doing. I'm feeding apples to my pig, he replied. Wouldn't it save time to just pick some apples and feed them to the pig? The farmer looked at me like I was an idiot. What's time to a pig? The moral of the story is, before spending time working on some scheme to save CPU time, you better be absolutely sure that firstly, you are going to save CPU time, secondly, that it is enough CPU time to be worth saving, and thirdly, that you aren't wasting more of your own time to do it. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help please with binary file read
On 2006-01-01, Stewart Arnold [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm trying to convert a Real Basic routine into Python and I can't read the long integer data from a file. http://docs.python.org/lib/module-struct.html -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! Here I am in 53 at B.C. and all I want is a visi.comdill pickle!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Global Variables in OOP and Python
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 06:48:48 -0800, Kay Schluehr wrote: Agree about from module import * being bad, but it is still generally poor practice for the same reason using global variables is generally poor practice. No, I don't think so. The general wisdom is that global variables are bad not because they are global, but because they are variable. Responsibility about state mutation is scattered across the code and spaghetti is the likely consequence. This cannot be prevented by changing the access protocoll ( getters / setters ) or using static variables. Mutable OO-singletons are not less harmfull than good old globals. Now that you mention it, how obvious it is. That is good thinking, thanks. -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to show Chinese Characters in the value set of a dictionary
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:35:31 -0800, zxo102 wrote:
Hi there,
I have a dictionary with values of Chinses Characters. For
example,
dict = {}
dict['c1']=中国一
dict['c2']=中国二
dict.values()
['\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xb6\xfe', '\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xd2\xbb']
Since the result of dict.values will be inserted into web pages and
handled by javascript there, I want to show Chinese Characters
in the list directly like this,
['中国一','中国二']
Anybody knows how to do this? Thank you very much for your help.
Ouyang
print [', dict.values()[0], '], [', dict.values()[1], ']
[' 中国二 '] [' 中国一 ']
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Re: Line replace
DarkBlue [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: pseudocode is like this: get newlinetext from database # this is ok done with kinterbas preferably check if file not in use by other process open file and find desired marker go to line after marker and replace that one with newlinetext close the file Should be easy, but I am suffering from New Year writer's block.. This is only easy if the old and new data are exactly the same size. In line oriented files, that's not normally the case. The standard solution is to overwrite the entire file. Your code goes like so: get lock on file. read in file. produce new version of file. write out file. release lock on file. Of course, this has the problem that if someothing goes wrong during the write you're going to be up the creek without a paddle - or much in the way of a canoe. This is why experienced people always use a temp file, and do things like so: get lock on file read in file produce new version of file in temp file rename temp file to real file release lock on file I can't think of a good reason to skip using the temp file once you have to write out the entire file. If you can't deal with writing out the entire file, convert the file from lines of text to something that can be update in place. It's not clear how much else is going to have to change to deal with this, though. mike -- Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to show Chinese Characters in the value set of a dictionary
zxo102 schrieb:
Hi there,
I have a dictionary with values of Chinses Characters. For
example,
dict = {}
dict['c1']=中国一
dict['c2']=中国二
dict.values()
['\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xb6\xfe', '\xd6\xd0\xb9\xfa\xd2\xbb']
Since the result of dict.values will be inserted into web pages and
handled by javascript there, I want to show Chinese Characters
in the list directly like this,
['中国一','中国二']
Anybody knows how to do this? Thank you very much for your help.
I can see these chines characters very well - so I don't see why it
won't work putting them into a HTML page. Just nake sure you use the
proper encoding, most probably utf-8.
What put you off probably is the fact that in the interpreter, strings
are printed using their __repr__-method, that puts out those funny
hex-characters. But no need to worry there.
Additionally, you should use unicode-objecvts instead of byte-strings
do
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
d = dict(c1=u中国一)
Notice the u in front of the string-literal.
Diez
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Try Python update
After spending time I should have been sleeping working on it, the try
python site is much more functional. It now allows statements,
including multi-line statements and expressions. You can't create code
objects yet, so it's still more a programmable calculator than
anything real.
I've got some of the tutorial text (literally) up as well. I hope to
make it easier to read the tutorial and interact with python at the
same time in the near future.
The url is http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/try_python/. Reports of
problems would appreciated.
If you want to try an online P{ython tool that lets you save code, try
Devan L's at http://www.datamech.com/devan/trypython/trypython.py.
mike
--
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Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.
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LocaWapp: localhost web applications (v.03 - 2005 Dec 31)
http://cheeseshop.python.org/packages/source/L/LocaWapp/locawapp-03.tar.gz LocaWapp: localhost web applications (v.03 - 2005 Dec 31) Copyright (c) 2005 RDJ This code is distributed for your utility but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. http://LocaWapp.blogspot.com - Run: python run.py - and browse: http://localhost:8080/locawapp/main.py - You can change the port: python run.py 8081 - You can develope with this framework: HTML(CSS,JS) + Python = LocaWapp - Put your application folder in root directory: [your_application] [locawapp] __init__.py common.py main.py [static] logo.gif main.css main.js README.txt run.py - Your application must have init and main files (for convention): [your_application] __init__.py main.py other web applications (ex. main2.py) your files or folders (ex. your [static]) - main.py is a web application, then it has locawapp_main function: def locawapp_main(request): [...] html = [...String...] return lwa.makeResponse(html) - See locawapp.main.py and locawapp.common.py - You can find me in comp.lang.python newsgroup - - New applications: lwaUtils - LocaWapp Utilities lwaUtils.files.py - files manager (under costruction) lwaUtils.editor.py - source editor (under costruction) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Steven D'Aprano wrote: On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 15:49:58 +0100, Claudio Grondi wrote: What I have thought about as a simpler/better solution is a method allowing to avoid processing the content of the string or long integer object by looping over its content. How can you avoid looping over its content? Whether you do it yourself using for byte in array or similar, or Python does it for you (using array.tostring perhaps), *something* has to walk through the bytes. If you don't like walking the string, write a function to do it once, and then use the function. I suppose, that knowing enough about Python internals it must be possible to change only the object type not beeing forced to process the content i.e. the value itself, what in case of big size of data to convert with methods like this above wastes CPU time. I'm reminded of a time I was going for a drive in the country when I drove past an apple orchid. Standing in the orchid was a farmer with a pig. He lifted the pig into the air, and the pig then bit an apple and slowly chewed it. The farmer then carried him over to another branch, and the pig ate another apple. I was so surprised I stopped my car and wandered over to ask the farmer what he was doing. I'm feeding apples to my pig, he replied. Wouldn't it save time to just pick some apples and feed them to the pig? The farmer looked at me like I was an idiot. What's time to a pig? The moral of the story is, before spending time working on some scheme to save CPU time, you better be absolutely sure that firstly, you are going to save CPU time, secondly, that it is enough CPU time to be worth saving, and thirdly, that you aren't wasting more of your own time to do it. It's a funny story :-)) , but in my eyes not appropriate in given context, because my prior goal is to understand some more about Python internals, i.e. what is and if it is at all a differerence between the internal representation of a string and a long integer. I know, I should probably look into the C source of Python, but I suppose it could be too hard for me to find the appropriate piece of code, so I welcome any hints. If I knew the internal representation of string and long integer objects and were able to read/write to memory and point an identifier at a given memory address, a conversion between long integer and string types were probably nothing else as changing some bytes and repointing an identifier (assuming that string and long integer values are in memory the same data if they represent the same value). That it would save CPU time is secondary here, but with increasing costs of energy making the number on my electrical power bill higher each year due to higher power consumption with increasing number of programs I run (it makes a difference of 50 Watt between an algorithm keeping the CPU 100% busy and an algorithm using only 1% of it) it is not necessarily paranoia driving one to consider potential savings of CPU time. In this context the example of the bigdec class comes to my mind, where usage of another algorithm made it possible to cut down power consumption and time of printing a decimal form of the largest known prime number from 7 hours of a 100% busy CPU down to 7 seconds! Claudio -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
Mike,
I'm not a coder really at all (I dabble with vbscript jscript) but an
asking for help to get this working.
I have tried this...
params = urllib.urlencode({'action': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen
Espresso Machine, On, 100'})
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
Can you suggest the correct code to get this working?
I appreciate the help!
Aaron
Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
livin livin@@cox.net writes:
I need to post form data to an ASP page that looks like this on the page
itself...
form method='POST'input src=\icons\devices\coffee-on.gif type='image'
align='absmiddle' width=16 height=16 title='Off'input type='hidden'
value='Image' name='Action'input type='hidden' value='hs.ExecX10ByName
Kitchen Espresso Machine, Off, 100'/form
I've been trying this but I get a syntax error...
params = urllib.urlencode({'hidden': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen
Espresso Machine, On, 100'})
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
urlencode doesn't care about the type of the input element (or that
the page is ASP), just the name/value pairs. You want:
params = urllib.urlencode({'Action': 'Image', ...})
The provided HTML doesn't say what the name of the second hidden input
field is. It's not at all clear what should be passed to the server in
this case.
It looks like you tried to break a string across a line boundary, but
that may be your posting software. If you did, then that's what's
generating a syntax error, and a good indication that you should try
reading the tutorial.
mike
--
Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more
information.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Steven D'Aprano wrote: I'm reminded of a time I was going for a drive in the country when I drove past an apple orchid. Standing in the orchid was a farmer with a pig. He lifted the pig into the air, and the pig then bit an apple and slowly chewed it. The farmer then carried him over to another branch, and the pig ate another apple. I was so surprised I stopped my car and wandered over to ask the farmer what he was doing. I'm feeding apples to my pig, he replied. Wouldn't it save time to just pick some apples and feed them to the pig? The farmer looked at me like I was an idiot. What's time to a pig? Has anyone studied if farmers like him are in general healthier ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
[livin]
I'm not a coder really at all (I dabble with vbscript jscript) but an
asking for help to get this working.
I have tried this...
params = urllib.urlencode({'action': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen
Espresso Machine, On, 100'})
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
You should try to phrase your question so that it is easier for us to
understand what is going wrong, and thus help you to correct it.
As Mike already suggested, you have a string that may be spread over two
lines, which would be illegal python syntax, and which would give a
SyntaxError if run. You should be sure that this is not the cause of
your problem before going further.
The following code should do the same as the above, but not suffer from
the line breaks problem.
name_value_pairs = {
'action': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen Espresso Machine, On, 100'
}
params = urllib.urlencode(name_value_pairs)
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
BTW, it looks to me like you may be opening up a security hole in your
application. The following string looks very like a VB function
invocation: 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen Espresso Machine, On, 100'
Are you executing the contents of form input fields as program code?
That's highly inadvisable from a security point of view.
Happy New Year.
--
alan kennedy
--
email alan: http://xhaus.com/contact/alan
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problems with Tkinter
Hi all and a happy new year! My first try fiddling around with GUIs ended disappointing, instead of showing the window title as expected 'Demofenster' ist still shows 'tk' instead. What did I do wrong? #!/usr/bin/env python from Tkinter import * fenster = Tk() fenster.title = 'Demofenster' fenster.mainloop() I actually tried this running python2.4 on an Ubuntu's breezy badger machine and Win2kPro running Python2.3 gives the same result. Any hints highly apprechiated. Regards, Steffen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help please with binary file read
Grant Perfect! Thanks :) Stewart Grant Edwards [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On 2006-01-01, Stewart Arnold [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm trying to convert a Real Basic routine into Python and I can't read the long integer data from a file. http://docs.python.org/lib/module-struct.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: bsddb3 locking questions
man, I'm in really bad form replying to myself twice but I'me solved the problem at least in a simple form. Eric S. Johansson wrote: Eric S. Johansson wrote: are there any simple examples of how to do record locking with bsddb3? #!/usr/bin/python from bsddb import db # the Berkeley db data base import sys, os, time # some helpers fcns def countdown(id, count): limit = 0 while limit count: print id, limit, limit = limit+1 # fork into 2 instances and collide pid = os.fork() # Part 1: Create database and insert 4 elements # filename = 'fruit' # Get an instance of BerkeleyDB db_env = db.DBEnv() db_env.set_lk_detect(db.DB_LOCK_YOUNGEST) db_env.open(/tmp/bsddb3,db.DB_INIT_LOCK|db.DB_CREATE| db.DB_INIT_MPOOL) # force a collision time.sleep(2) an_id = db_env.lock_id() print pid, an_id fruitDB = db.DB(db_env) # Create a database in file fruit with a Hash access method # There are also, B+tree and Recno access methods fruitDB.open(filename, None, db.DB_HASH, db.DB_CREATE) # Print version information print '\t', pid, db.DB_VERSION_STRING while(1): try: lock = db_env.lock_get(an_id, anytid, db.DB_LOCK_WRITE, db.DB_LOCK_NOWAIT) break except Exception,error: #print error pass print pid, here # force another one time.sleep(2) # Insert new elements in database fruitDB.put(apple,red) fruitDB.put(orange,orange) fruitDB.put(banana,yellow) fruitDB.put(tomato,red) db_env.lock_put(lock) print pid, there # Close database fruitDB.close() # Part 2: Open database and write its contents out # fruitDB = db.DB(db_env) # Open database # Access method: Hash # set isolation level to dirty read (read uncommited) fruitDB.open(filename, None, db.DB_HASH, db.DB_DIRTY_READ) # get database cursor and print out database content cursor = fruitDB.cursor() rec = cursor.first() while rec: print rec rec = cursor.next() fruitDB.close() -- still unanswered, under what conditions do you change the second argument of lock_get? Is that a simple lock identifier within the context of the lock ID so that you can lock different records? Anyway, this locking is close enough for what I need to do. ---eric -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Tkinter
Try: fenster.title(Demofenster) title a class method, not a variable. Kevin. Steffen Mutter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all and a happy new year! My first try fiddling around with GUIs ended disappointing, instead of showing the window title as expected 'Demofenster' ist still shows 'tk' instead. What did I do wrong? #!/usr/bin/env python from Tkinter import * fenster = Tk() fenster.title = 'Demofenster' fenster.mainloop() I actually tried this running python2.4 on an Ubuntu's breezy badger machine and Win2kPro running Python2.3 gives the same result. Any hints highly apprechiated. Regards, Steffen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: I'm reminded of a time I was going for a drive in the country when I drove past an apple orchid. Standing in the orchid was a farmer with a pig. He lifted the pig into the air, and the pig then bit an apple and slowly chewed it. The farmer then carried him over to another branch, and the pig ate another apple. I was so surprised I stopped my car and wandered over to ask the farmer what he was doing. I'm feeding apples to my pig, he replied. Wouldn't it save time to just pick some apples and feed them to the pig? The farmer looked at me like I was an idiot. What's time to a pig? Has anyone studied if farmers like him are in general healthier ? Yes, they have stronger arms, but some greater incidence of back problems as well. Other than that they're basically just as healthy as the rest of us who feed our pigs the normal way. -Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Tkinter
My first try fiddling around with GUIs ended disappointing, instead of showing the window title as expected 'Demofenster' ist still shows 'tk' instead. What did I do wrong? #!/usr/bin/env python from Tkinter import * fenster = Tk() fenster.title = 'Demofenster' fenster.mainloop() Steffen To set the Tk window title try fenster.title( 'Demofenster' ) -- Stanley C. Kitching Human Being Phoenix, Arizona == Posted via Newsfeeds.Com - Unlimited-Unrestricted-Secure Usenet News== http://www.newsfeeds.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! 120,000+ Newsgroups = East and West-Coast Server Farms - Total Privacy via Encryption = -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Tkinter
Am Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:36:56 +0100 schrieb Kevin: Try: fenster.title(Demofenster) Exactly. I had a look in Michael Lauer's 'Python GUI-Toolkits' meanwhile, so I found the clue. title a class method, not a variable. Yep. Thank you: Kevin. Steffen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems with Tkinter
Steffen Mutter schrieb in comp.lang.python: fenster.title = 'Demofenster' Try: fenster.title(Demofenster) instead Mario -- Mario Wehbrink -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
sri2097 wrote: Hi, I'm trying to zip a particular fiolder and place the zipped folder into a target folder using python. I have used the following command in 'ubuntu'. zip_command = 'zip -qr %s %s' % (target, ' '.join(source)) I execute this using os.command(zip_command). It works fine... But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. What command is there to zip files in Windows? Or is there any other problem ? zip is not a built-in command for windows. You might use winzip or something else, there is a bunch of different compression tools available. ciao - chris -- Christian Tismer :^) mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] tismerysoft GmbH : Have a break! Take a ride on Python's Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9A :*Starship* http://starship.python.net/ 14109 Berlin : PGP key - http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/ work +49 30 802 86 56 mobile +49 173 24 18 776 fax +49 30 80 90 57 05 PGP 0x57F3BF04 9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619 305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04 whom do you want to sponsor today? http://www.stackless.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compressing folders in Windows using Python.
Christian Tismer wrote: sri2097 wrote: Hi, I'm trying to zip a particular fiolder and place the zipped folder into a target folder using python. I have used the following command in 'ubuntu'. zip_command = 'zip -qr %s %s' % (target, ' '.join(source)) I execute this using os.command(zip_command). It works fine... But when I run this script in Windows XP, I get an error while executing the above zip command. What command is there to zip files in Windows? Or is there any other problem ? zip is not a built-in command for windows. You might use winzip or something else, there is a bunch of different compression tools available. ciao - chris Something else to watch for -- Spaces in filenames. Uncommon on unix/linux, but very common on windows. Put some double-quotes around the filenames in your zip_command: zip_command = 'zip -qr %s %s' % (target, ' '.join(source)) AFAIK there are built-in zip modules available in Python? They might be a better alternative to calling an external zip command? (Winzip btw, has a seperate download for a command-line capable version of the compressor) cheers, --Tim -- Christian Tismer :^) mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] tismerysoft GmbH : Have a break! Take a ride on Python's Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9A :*Starship* http://starship.python.net/ 14109 Berlin : PGP key - http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/ work +49 30 802 86 56 mobile +49 173 24 18 776 fax +49 30 80 90 57 05 PGP 0x57F3BF04 9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619 305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04 whom do you want to sponsor today? http://www.stackless.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Filling out forms with python
On Friday 30 December 2005 06:30, Steve Young wrote: Hi, I was wondering if there's a way to fill out forms online using python. Say for example if you wanted to make a search on some search engine without having to actually open a browser or something like that. Try twill: http://www.idyll.org/~t/www-tools/twill/ Christoph -- Never trust a system administrator who wears a tie and suit. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Try Python update
Cool. I think its really a good thing. Could come in handy when one is on a strange Windows machine with no Python installed, or when using a PDA that doesn't have Python etc. And its just a neat feat. ;-))) Ron -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
Hi Alan,
I have tried the code you suggested and a more simple set of post parameters
(below).
import urllib
name_value_pairs = {'control_device': 'Kitchen Lights=off'}
params = urllib.urlencode(name_value_pairs)
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80;, params)
Either way I get this error log...
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 78, in urlopen
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 183, in open
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 297, in open_http
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 712, in endheaders
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 597, in _send_output
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 576, in send
File string, line 1, in sendall
IOError
:
[Errno socket error] (10057, 'Socket is not connected')
Alan Kennedy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[livin]
I'm not a coder really at all (I dabble with vbscript jscript) but an
asking for help to get this working.
I have tried this...
params = urllib.urlencode({'action': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen
Espresso Machine, On, 100'})
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
You should try to phrase your question so that it is easier for us to
understand what is going wrong, and thus help you to correct it.
As Mike already suggested, you have a string that may be spread over two
lines, which would be illegal python syntax, and which would give a
SyntaxError if run. You should be sure that this is not the cause of your
problem before going further.
The following code should do the same as the above, but not suffer from
the line breaks problem.
name_value_pairs = {
'action': 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen Espresso Machine, On, 100'
}
params = urllib.urlencode(name_value_pairs)
urllib.urlopen(http://192.168.1.11:80/hact/kitchen.asp;, params)
BTW, it looks to me like you may be opening up a security hole in your
application. The following string looks very like a VB function
invocation: 'hs.ExecX10ByName Kitchen Espresso Machine, On, 100'
Are you executing the contents of form input fields as program code?
That's highly inadvisable from a security point of view.
Happy New Year.
--
alan kennedy
--
email alan: http://xhaus.com/contact/alan
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Claudio Grondi wrote:
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 15:49:58 +0100, Claudio Grondi wrote:
What I have thought about as a simpler/better solution is a method
allowing to avoid processing the content of the string or long
integer object by looping over its content.
How can you avoid looping over its content? Whether you do it yourself
using for byte in array or similar, or Python does it for you
(using array.tostring perhaps), *something* has to walk through the
bytes.
If you don't like walking the string, write a function to do it once, and
then use the function.
I suppose, that knowing enough about Python internals it must be
possible to change only the object type not beeing forced to process
the content i.e. the value itself, what in case of big size of data
to convert with methods like this above wastes CPU time.
I'm reminded of a time I was going for a drive in the country when I
drove
past an apple orchid. Standing in the orchid was a farmer with a pig. He
lifted the pig into the air, and the pig then bit an apple and slowly
chewed it. The farmer then carried him over to another branch, and the
pig
ate another apple.
I was so surprised I stopped my car and wandered over to ask the farmer
what he was doing.
I'm feeding apples to my pig, he replied.
Wouldn't it save time to just pick some apples and feed them to the
pig?
The farmer looked at me like I was an idiot. What's time to a pig?
The moral of the story is, before spending time working on some scheme to
save CPU time, you better be absolutely sure that firstly, you are going
to save CPU time, secondly, that it is enough CPU time to be worth
saving,
and thirdly, that you aren't wasting more of your own time to do it.
It's a funny story :-))
, but in my eyes not appropriate in given context, because my prior goal
is to understand some more about Python internals, i.e. what is and if
it is at all a differerence between the internal representation of a
string and a long integer.
I know, I should probably look into the C source of Python, but I
suppose it could be too hard for me to find the appropriate piece of
code, so I welcome any hints.
If I knew the internal representation of string and long integer objects
and were able to read/write to memory and point an identifier at a given
memory address, a conversion between long integer and string types were
probably nothing else as changing some bytes and repointing an
identifier (assuming that string and long integer values are in memory
the same data if they represent the same value). That it would save CPU
time is secondary here, but with increasing costs of energy making the
number on my electrical power bill higher each year due to higher power
consumption with increasing number of programs I run (it makes a
difference of 50 Watt between an algorithm keeping the CPU 100% busy and
an algorithm using only 1% of it) it is not necessarily paranoia driving
one to consider potential savings of CPU time.
In this context the example of the bigdec class comes to my mind, where
usage of another algorithm made it possible to cut down power
consumption and time of printing a decimal form of the largest known
prime number from 7 hours of a 100% busy CPU down to 7 seconds!
Claudio
From stringobject.h :
typedef struct {
PyObject_VAR_HEAD
long ob_shash;
int ob_sstate;
char ob_sval[1];
/* Invariants:
* ob_sval contains space for 'ob_size+1' elements.
* ob_sval[ob_size] == 0.
* ob_shash is the hash of the string or -1 if not computed yet.
* ob_sstate != 0 iff the string object is in stringobject.c's
* 'interned' dictionary; in this case the two references
* from 'interned' to this object are *not counted* in ob_refcnt.
*/
} PyStringObject;
From longobject.h :
typedef struct _longobject PyLongObject; /* Revealed in longintrepr.h */
From longintrepr.h :
typedef unsigned short digit;
struct _longobject {
PyObject_VAR_HEAD
digit ob_digit[1];
};
From this I mean to see, that the string data header is longer
containing an additional long and an int compared to long integer data
header. The long integer seem to be an array of unsigned short values
and the string an array of characters. My MSDN help tells me, that:
Type short int (or simply short) is an integral type that is larger
than or equal to the size of type char, and shorter than or equal to the
size of type int. In Microsoft Visual C++ short is 2 bytes long, and
because I am on an Intel processor the sequence of bytes will differ
from what I will get when creating a binary string out of a long integer
due to swapping of byte order. Am I right here?
My conclusion is, that beeing on e.g. Motorola 68000 based processors
the actual data behind the string and the long integer types will be the
same, but beeing on an Intel 386
Python or Java or maybe PHP?
Hi everyone, I need to write a web app, that will support millions of user accounts, template-based user pages and files upload. The client is going to be written in Flash. I wondered if I coudl get your opinions - what do you think is the best language to use for the server? Python or Java? And I'm talking scalability, object oriented, development tools etc. Thansk for any idea! I'd love to hear it Happy New 2006, Lior -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Simon Hengel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, After all, I'd really love to set up another contest with different measures and criteria. for future events i will take a close look at other possibilities for doing a ranking. At the moment the 22c3 and the contest is eating up all my time. Pleas appreciate that i may not keep up with all mails. Sorry for that. For whatever it is worth, I enjoyed myself thoroughly thinking about the problem, discussing it and listening to others discuss it. It was FUN! It is built into all requirements for shortest or fastest that the winning solution will be using obscure features and combinations in order to make the absolutely optimal solution. This doesn't really matter unless your goals are to demonstrate the elegance of the programming language. If you want to provide an alternative to solving crossword puzzles or mega-hard Sudoku's for the Christmas holiday, I'd say this is spot on. Jacob Hallén -- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Preventing control characters from entering an XML file
Hi list, First of all, I wish you all a happy 2006. I have a small question that googling didn't turn up an answer for. So hopefully you'll be kind enough to send me in the right direction. I'm developing a desktop application, called Task Coach, that saves its domain objects (tasks, mostly :-) in an XML file. Users have reported that sometimes their Task Coach file would become unreadable by Task Coach after copying information from some other application into e.g. a task description. Looking at the 'corrupted' file showed that control characters ended up in the XML file (Control-K for example). Task Coach uses xml.dom to create an XML document and save it, like this: class XMLWriter: ... def write(self, taskList): domImplementation = xml.dom.getDOMImplementation() self.document = domImplementation.createDocument(None, 'tasks', None) ... for task in taskList.rootTasks(): self.document.documentElement.appendChild(self.taskNode(task)) self.document.writexml(self.__fd) # __fd is a file open for writing ... Apparently, the writexml method of xml.dom (which comes from xml.dom.minidom if pyxml is not installed I think) does not feel that writing control characters in an XML file is wrong, but the parser does: Traceback (most recent call last): ... File c:\Program Files\Python24\lib\xml\dom\expatbuilder.py, line 207, in parseFile parser.Parse(buffer, 0) xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError: not well-formed (invalid token): line 77, column 147 Rightfully so, because ^K is not valid XML 1.0, according to http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/: Legal characters are tab, carriage return, line feed, and the legal characters of Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646. [...] Consequently, XML processors MUST accept any character in the range specified for Char. Character Range Char ::= #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x1-#x10] So, all this leads me to the following questions: - Why does the writexml method of the document created by the object returned by domImplementation() allow control characters? Isn't that a bug? - What is the easiest/most pythonic (preferably build-in) way of checking a unicode string for control characters and weeding those characters out? Thanks, Frank -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
[livin] I have tried the code you suggested and .. .. Either way I get this error log... File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 78, in urlopen File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 183, in open File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 297, in open_http File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 712, in endheaders File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 597, in _send_output File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 576, in send File string, line 1, in sendall IOError : [Errno socket error] (10057, 'Socket is not connected') OK, now we're getting somewhere. As you can probably guess from the error message, the socket through which urllib is making the request is not connected to the server. We have to figure out why. That library path is unusual: Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py Python supports reading library modules from a zip file, but the standard installations generally don't use it, except for Python CE, i.e. Python for Microsoft Windows PocketPC/CE/WTF. Is this the platform that you're using? If I remember rightly, Python for Pocket Windows doesn't support sockets, meaning that urllib wouldn't work on that platform. Another thing to establish is whether the URL is working correctly, from a client you know works independently from your script above, e.g. an ordinary browser. When you submit to your form handling script from an ordinary browser, does it work? -- alan kennedy -- email alan: http://xhaus.com/contact/alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
The library is the PC version of 2.3 --- I have done some more testing.
I simplified my .py to only 2 lines...
import urllib
urllib.urlopen('http://192.168.1.11', urllib.urlencode({'control_device':
'Kitchen Lights=off'}))
I get this error...
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 78, in urlopen
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 183, in open
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 297, in open_http
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 712, in endheaders
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 597, in _send_output
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 564, in send
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 548, in connect
IOError
:
[Errno socket error] (10060, 'Operation timed out')
I've taken the commands I'm using from working HTTP ASP pages.
Here's actual code from an HTML page I'm using for the same device I'm
trying in my .PY...
form method=post
td nowrap class=tableroweven
a name=bm83274/a
input type=hidden name=bookmark value=83274
input type=hidden name=ref_page value=stat
input type=hidden name=control_device value=Kitchen Lights
input class=formbutton type=submit name=action_on value=On
input class=formbutton type=submit name=action_off value=Off
select class=formdropdown name=selectdim SIZE=1
onchange=SubmitForm(this)
option selected value=00%/option
option value=1010%/option
option value=2020%/option
option value=3030%/option
option value=4040%/option
option value=5050%/option
option value=6060%/option
option value=7070%/option
option value=8080%/option
option value=9090%/option
option value=100100%/option
/select
/td/form
Alan Kennedy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[livin]
I have tried the code you suggested and .. .. Either way I get this error
log...
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 78, in urlopen
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 183, in open
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 297, in open_http
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 712, in endheaders
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 597, in _send_output
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 576, in send
File string, line 1, in sendall
IOError
:
[Errno socket error] (10057, 'Socket is not connected')
OK, now we're getting somewhere.
As you can probably guess from the error message, the socket through which
urllib is making the request is not connected to the server. We have to
figure out why.
That library path is unusual: Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py
Python supports reading library modules from a zip file, but the standard
installations generally don't use it, except for Python CE, i.e. Python
for Microsoft Windows PocketPC/CE/WTF. Is this the platform that you're
using? If I remember rightly, Python for Pocket Windows doesn't support
sockets, meaning that urllib wouldn't work on that platform.
Another thing to establish is whether the URL is working correctly, from a
client you know works independently from your script above, e.g. an
ordinary browser. When you submit to your form handling script from an
ordinary browser, does it work?
--
alan kennedy
--
email alan: http://xhaus.com/contact/alan
--
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Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language. Python is no more interpreted than Java. Like Java, it is compiled into byte-code which is then executed by a virtual machine. It has a separate compilation and execution step. http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html Python is an *interpreted*, interactive, object-oriented programming language. Emphasis mine. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python article in Free Software Magazine
Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't want to nit-pick all my way through the article, which is very decent and is worth reading, but I will say one more thing: you describe Python as an expressive, interpreted language. Python is no more interpreted than Java. Like Java, it is compiled into byte-code which is then executed by a virtual machine. It has a separate compilation and execution step. The most-used desktop/server JVM, the Sun JVM, takes things one step further and compiles often-executed bytecode into native code. It can then execute native code. AFAIK, the most-used desktop/server Python VM doesn't do that. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
loops breaks and returns
Is it more appropriate to do this: while 1: if x: return x Or this: while 1: if x: break return x Or, does it matter? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problem overriding sys.excepthook
Yo all, I'm getting into Python for the first time and I'm really
having a blast. I've hit a bit of a snag and was wondering if someone
could lend some insight. Here be the code:
import sys
def myexcepthook(type, value, tb):
import traceback
rawreport = traceback.format_exception(type, value, tb)
report = '\n'.join(rawreport)
errorlog = open('error.log','a')
errorlog.write(('%s\n' + '-'*30 + '\n\n') % report)
errorlog.close()
sys.excepthook = myexcepthook
Now here's the trouble: if I enter that line-by-line into the
interpreter in interactive mode, the custom exception hook will handle
all exceptions, but if I put that in a script that I run from the
shell, it only catches some exceptions. For example, it would catch an
undefined name, like if I just put:
spam
into the program above, the override would work. But if I made a
syntactical error, like:
1 = spam
then it would fall to the standard sys.excepthook. Is there some lazy
evaluation that I don't know about? I'm on Windows, if that makes a
difference. Thank for the help.
-LTM
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Memoization and encapsulation
On Sat, 31 Dec 2005 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
just I actually prefer such a global variable to the default arg
just trick. The idiom I generally use is:
just _cache = {}
just def func(x):
just result = _cache.get(x)
just if result is None:
just result = x + 1 # or a time consuming calculation...
just _cache[x] = result
just return result
None of the responses I've seen mention the use of decorators such as the
one shown here:
http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary
While wrapping one function in another is obviously a bit slower, you can
memoize any function without tweaking its source.
I'd definitely say this is the way to go.
def memoised(fn):
cache = {}
def memoised_fn(*args):
if args in cache:
return cache[args]
else:
rtn = fn(*args)
cache[args] = rtn
return rtn
return memoised_fn
@memoised
def func(x):
return x + 1 # or a time-consuming calculation
tom
--
Exceptions say, there was a problem. Someone must deal with it. If you
won't deal with it, I'll find someone who will.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MidiToText : EventDispatcher instance has no attribute 'sysex_events'
Carsten Haese wrote: On Fri, 2005-12-30 at 09:52, tim wrote: Trying to convert midi to text using MidiToText.py. I get the following: midi_port: 0 Traceback (most recent call last): File MidiToText.py, line 176, in ? midiIn.read() File C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages\midi\MidiInFile.py, line 24, in read p.parseMTrkChunks() File C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages\midi\MidiFileParser.py, line 167, in parseMTrkChunks self.parseMTrkChunk() # this is where it's at! File C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages\midi\MidiFileParser.py, line 129, in parseMTrkChunk dispatch.sysex_events(sysex_data) AttributeError: EventDispatcher instance has no attribute 'sysex_events' Try changing def sysex_event(self, data): in ...\midi\EventDispatcher.py to def sysex_events(self, data): Or just do a search and replace on the whole package:: search: sysex_events( replace: sysex_event( Apparently I have been inconsistent in my naming. New version at: http://www.mxm.dk/products/public/pythonmidi/download -- hilsen/regards Max M, Denmark http://www.mxm.dk/ IT's Mad Science -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: loops breaks and returns
rbt wrote: Is it more appropriate to do this: while 1: if x: return x Or this: while 1: if x: break return x The former would be considered bad style by some people. Others would consider it perfectly acceptable in a small function (say, no more than 10-20 lines of code?) where it would be clear what's going on. Others would consider it fine in any case. If I really had a while 1 loop with only the one exit condition, and an immediate return, I would definitely go with the former approach. If I had any other place where I was going to return, I'd consider the second approach more carefully. -Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hypergeometric distribution
Thanks Steven for your very interesting post. This was a critical instance from my problem: from scipy import comb comb(14354,174) inf The scipy.stats.distributions.hypergeom function uses the scipy.comb function, so it returned nan since it tries to divide an infinite. I did not tried to write a self-made function using standard python as I supposed that the scipy functions reached python's limits but I was wrong, what a fool :-) If you are calculating hundreds of hypergeometric probabilities, 30 seconds each could be quite painful, but it certainly shows that Python is capable of doing it without resorting to logarithms which may lose some significant digits. Although, in fairness, the log function doesn't seem to lose much accuracy for arguments in the range you are dealing with. Yes I am calculating hundreds of hypergeometric probabilities so I need fast calculations Ale -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python as a Server vs Running Under Apache
I guess I'm a little confused, and this certainly comes from not yet having tried to do anything with Python on a web server. I remarked once to a Python programmer that it appeared to me that if I had a web page that called a Python program, that the server would: 1. Load Python 2. Run the program 3. Unload Python Then the next time it has to serve up that page, it would have to repeat the process. This seems inefficient, and it would slow the site down. The programmer confirmed this. He said that's why I should use mod_python. It stays resident. Is this advice accurate? Are there other things to consider? Isn't there just some way (short of running something like Zope) that would keep Python resident in the server's RAM? This is a shared server, so the web host probably doesn't like stuff sitting around in RAM. Right now, I only need small programs to run. E.g., I'm thinking of embedding a Live Journal blog in my web page. Live Journal gives you several ways of doing this, one of which is three lines of Python code. Ron Britton (This email address will be deleted in a couple of days, once it starts receiving spam from this posting. Please reply to the group!) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Try Python update
Mike Meyer wrote:
After spending time I should have been sleeping working on it, the try
python site is much more functional. It now allows statements,
including multi-line statements and expressions. You can't create code
objects yet, so it's still more a programmable calculator than
anything real.
I've got some of the tutorial text (literally) up as well. I hope to
make it easier to read the tutorial and interact with python at the
same time in the near future.
The url is http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/try_python/. Reports of
problems would appreciated.
If you want to try an online P{ython tool that lets you save code, try
Devan L's at http://www.datamech.com/devan/trypython/trypython.py.
My code uses one of the recipes from the Python Cookbook, 7.6 Pickling
Code Objects. It's limited to closures though, just like in the recipe.
So uh, you can't write closures in mine.
On a side note, my brother has tinkered with the C internals and now
__subclasses__ is restricted and many, many os and posix commands are
restricted (not that you can get them anyways, since importing is
broken!)
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem overriding sys.excepthook
Lunchtimemama wrote:
Yo all, I'm getting into Python for the first time and I'm really
having a blast. I've hit a bit of a snag and was wondering if someone
could lend some insight. Here be the code:
import sys
def myexcepthook(type, value, tb):
import traceback
rawreport = traceback.format_exception(type, value, tb)
report = '\n'.join(rawreport)
errorlog = open('error.log','a')
errorlog.write(('%s\n' + '-'*30 + '\n\n') % report)
errorlog.close()
sys.excepthook = myexcepthook
Now here's the trouble: if I enter that line-by-line into the
interpreter in interactive mode, the custom exception hook will handle
all exceptions, but if I put that in a script that I run from the
shell, it only catches some exceptions. For example, it would catch an
undefined name, like if I just put:
spam
into the program above, the override would work. But if I made a
syntactical error, like:
1 = spam
then it would fall to the standard sys.excepthook. Is there some lazy
evaluation that I don't know about? I'm on Windows, if that makes a
difference. Thank for the help.
Python first compiles, then executes. However, since an import is
considered to be an execution, you can retrieve this sort of
compile-time error, but only on modules which are imported _after_ you
hook the exception handler.
HTH,
Pat
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: loops breaks and returns
rbt wrote: Is it more appropriate to do this: while 1: if x: return x Or this: while 1: if x: break return x Or, does it matter? I would pick the first form if that's the only place where x would be returned from the function. However, if there would be redundant 'return x'-es in the function because of this, then the second form becomes preferable. It's not set in stone, though - if you have a compelling reason to break the rule-of-thumb, do so. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Tkinter app hanging on windows
Hello, I have a very simple Tkinter application that I'm using to dispatch a mechanize crawl of a web form, when a button is clicked. Most of the time it will be idle, until the user decides to unminimize it and click that button. Unfortunately, I'm finding that after several hours of being up, when I go to the app, either by unminimizing it or simply bringing it into focus, the app is no longer dispatching events. It refuses to redraw itself, showing whatever was over it at the time. The app is apparently hung, and I do not believe that this is through any fault of my own, as the app is just too simple. Any ideas as to how I could find out why it is hanging? I'm using Python.org's win32 build of Python 2.4. I don't recall the exact version, but I can get it. Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python as a Server vs Running Under Apache
On 1 Jan 2006 14:44:07 -0800, mojosam [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I guess I'm a little confused, and this certainly comes from not yet having tried to do anything with Python on a web server. I remarked once to a Python programmer that it appeared to me that if I had a web page that called a Python program, that the server would: 1. Load Python 2. Run the program 3. Unload Python This is true of any CGI. It is part of the definition of CGI. Then the next time it has to serve up that page, it would have to repeat the process. This seems inefficient, and it would slow the site down. The programmer confirmed this. He said that's why I should use mod_python. It stays resident. There are lots of ways to write web applications aside from CGIs. mod_python is one. Is this advice accurate? Are there other things to consider? Isn't there just some way (short of running something like Zope) that would keep Python resident in the server's RAM? This is a shared server, so the web host probably doesn't like stuff sitting around in RAM. Using Twisted, FastCGI, SCGI, or even BaseHTTPServer in the standard library will address /this/ particular issue (there are lots of other solutions, too, not just these four). Some of them may address other issues better or worse than others. Jean-Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
The New Extension IDE - EXTEIDE
EXTEIDE is freeware. Anyone can download now. Please visit http://www.exteide.com Thanks. Sent from the Python - python-list forum at Nabble.com: The New Extension IDE - EXTEIDE -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hypergeometric distribution
Raven [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Yes I am calculating hundreds of hypergeometric probabilities so I need fast calculations Can you use Stirling's approximation to get the logs of the factorials? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Preventing control characters from entering an XML file
Frank Niessink wrote: ... Character Range Char ::= #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x1-#x10] - What is the easiest/most pythonic (preferably build-in) way of checking a unicode string for control characters and weeding those characters out? drop_controls = [None] * 0x20 for c in '\t\r\n': drop_controls[c] = unichr(c) ... some_unicode_string = some_unicode_string.translate(drop_controls) --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Getting terse tracebacks?
Is there any way to make the traceback printer built into the interpreter elide all the directories in pathnames (like strip_dirs() does for the profiler)? I'm working in a deep directory tree, and the full pathnames to my python source files are pushing 150 characters. I either need a laptop with a wider screen, or younger eyes so I can read a smaller font :-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem overriding sys.excepthook
Forgive my ignorance, but I'm not quite sure what you mean. I tried importing the traceback module at the beginning of the script, but that didn't make a difference. Could you provide example code to illustrate your comment? Thanks. -LTM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Try Python update
Devan L [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
If you want to try an online P{ython tool that lets you save code, try
Devan L's at http://www.datamech.com/devan/trypython/trypython.py.
My code uses one of the recipes from the Python Cookbook, 7.6 Pickling
Code Objects. It's limited to closures though, just like in the recipe.
So uh, you can't write closures in mine.
I don't have the dead trees version, and the online version doesn't
have chapter numbers. Is that URL:
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/212565?
On a side note, my brother has tinkered with the C internals and now
__subclasses__ is restricted and many, many os and posix commands are
restricted (not that you can get them anyways, since importing is
broken!)
I got import to work by pickling pairs of names - the variable name
that references the module, and the name of the module. When it
unpickles the list, it reimports them and points the appropriate
variable at them. This had unwanted effects if you did an import
this. It also doesn't work for objects that contain references to
modules.
I tried for a bit to restrict things, then gave up and did it
externally. There's no access to any files but those required to run
the script that deals with thing, and some other python modules that I
decided would be nice to have. Normally, nothing in the tree is
writable, either. Once I'm happy with it, I'll save a copy of the tree
somewhere and set up a cron job to refresh it at regular intervals.
mike
--
Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
how to scrape url out of href
i need to scrape a url out of an href. it seems that people recommend that i use beautiful soup but had some problems. does anyone have sample code for scraping the actual url out of an href like this one a href=http://www.cnn.com; target=_blank -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Numeric RandomArray seed problem
[EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hello, I tried calling RandomArray.seed() by calling RandomArray.get_seed() I get the seed number (x,y). My problem is that x is always 113611 any advice? In [1]: from RandomArray import * In [2]: seed? Type: function Base Class: type 'function' String Form:function seed at 0x407a1534 Namespace: Interactive File: /usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/Numeric/RandomArray.py Definition: seed(x=0, y=0) Docstring: seed(x, y), set the seed using the integers x, y; Set a random one from clock if y == 0 In [3]: seed(123,456) In [4]: get_seed() Out[4]: (123, 456) Cheers, Sean -- Hver sin smak, sa vintapperen, han drakk mens de andre sloss. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to scrape url out of href
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: does anyone have sample code for scraping the actual url out of an href like this one a href=http://www.cnn.com; target=_blank If you've got the tag by itself like that, just use a regexp to get the href out. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Claudio Grondi wrote: ...I analysed the outcome of it and have come to the conclusion, that there were two major factors which contributed to squeezing of code: (1). usage of available variants for coding of the same thing (2). sqeezing the size of used numeric and string literals ...not only squeezing the size of the literals, but the combined size of the compressed data and the code to expand it. In this respect it turned out to be a surprisingly rewarding challenge, and a nice reinforcement of the Pythonic mantra of seeking performance gains by optimizing algorithms. Michael -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python as a Server vs Running Under Apache
mojosam [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Is this advice accurate? Are there other things to consider? Isn't there just some way (short of running something like Zope) that would keep Python resident in the server's RAM? This is a shared server, so the web host probably doesn't like stuff sitting around in RAM. Jean-Paul Calderone has already answered most of these, so I'll get the last one. Stuff sitting around in RAM unusued on a busy server leaves RAM pretty quickly on a modern system. The executable pages will just be tossed, and reloaded from the executable file when they are needed again. Data pages will be written out to disk in the swap area, and read back in when they are needed. Unless your program's behavior is very strange, this will generally be quicker than recreating the program state from scratch. The end result is that your program loads faster, and the real RAM used to support this is negligible. Right now, I only need small programs to run. E.g., I'm thinking of embedding a Live Journal blog in my web page. Live Journal gives you several ways of doing this, one of which is three lines of Python code. Trying to make your dynamic HTML content fast before you need to is a premature optimization. Yes, CGI is slow compared to some of the alternatives. But forks on Unix are still cheap, and you can handle quite a bit of traffic with it on a modern system before you run into a wall. Do it with CGI first, and fix it later if you need to. mike -- Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Build Python using Mars compiler?
Has anyone tried to compile Python (on Windows) using the Digital Mars compiler? If so, can you give some hints how you did it? Or ... can anyone suggest an approach to compiling from the ground up using a compiler that isn't mentioned in the thicket of #ifdefs? Where to start? What to look out for? -- rzed -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to scrape url out of href
sorry paul-i'm an extremely beginner programmer, if that! ;-) can you give me an example? thanks in advance Paul Rubin wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: does anyone have sample code for scraping the actual url out of an href like this one a href=http://www.cnn.com; target=_blank If you've got the tag by itself like that, just use a regexp to get the href out. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python coding contest
Christian Tismer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hans Nowak wrote: ... for u in(3,14,10)) can be written as: ... for u in 3,14,10) which would shave off a character. Tuples don't always need parentheses... This would work with a list comprehension. Doesn't work with a generator expression (thought of it, too, and the list comprehension eats one char) Right. I asked Guido about that, as he put together the 120-chars submission of Team Google (including some input from me and others), and he says it's to avoid (human) ambiguity, much like the reason the parentheses are mandatory in [(a,b) for ...]. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how-to POST form data to ASP pages?
The library is the PC version of 2.3 --- I have done some more testing.
I simplified my .py to only 2 lines...
import urllib
urllib.urlopen('http://192.168.1.11', urllib.urlencode({'control_device':
'Kitchen Lights=off'}))
I get this error...
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 78, in urlopen
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 183, in open
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\urllib.py, line 297, in open_http
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 712, in endheaders
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 597, in _send_output
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 564, in send
File Q:\python\python23.zlib\httplib.py, line 548, in connect
IOError
:
[Errno socket error] (10060, 'Operation timed out')
I've taken the commands I'm using from working HTTP ASP pages.
Here's actual code from an HTML page I'm using for the same device I'm
trying in my .PY...
form method=post
td nowrap class=tableroweven
a name=bm83274/a
input type=hidden name=bookmark value=83274
input type=hidden name=ref_page value=stat
input type=hidden name=control_device value=Kitchen Lights
input class=formbutton type=submit name=action_on value=On
input class=formbutton type=submit name=action_off value=Off
select class=formdropdown name=selectdim SIZE=1
onchange=SubmitForm(this)
option selected value=00%/option
option value=1010%/option
option value=2020%/option
option value=3030%/option
option value=4040%/option
option value=5050%/option
option value=6060%/option
option value=7070%/option
option value=8080%/option
option value=9090%/option
option value=100100%/option
/select
/td/form
Dennis Lee Bieber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Sun, 1 Jan 2006 12:35:06 -0700, livin livin@@cox.net declaimed
the following in comp.lang.python:
IOError
:
[Errno socket error] (10057, 'Socket is not connected')
That doesn't look like anything to do, directly, with parameter
encodings... Rather, it looks like your server is closing the connection
unexpectedly.
You've got the Python source for everything down to the call to
sendall, examine it -- it might help figure out where things are
failing. (sendall looks to be in a compiled module)
--
==
[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Wulfraed Dennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG
[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Bestiaria Support Staff
==
Home Page: http://www.dm.net/~wulfraed/
Overflow Page: http://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/
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Re: Try Python update
Mike Meyer wrote:
Devan L [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
If you want to try an online P{ython tool that lets you save code, try
Devan L's at http://www.datamech.com/devan/trypython/trypython.py.
My code uses one of the recipes from the Python Cookbook, 7.6 Pickling
Code Objects. It's limited to closures though, just like in the recipe.
So uh, you can't write closures in mine.
I don't have the dead trees version, and the online version doesn't
have chapter numbers. Is that URL:
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/212565?
It was one of the recipes of the day, actually. They don't keep them up
for more than a week, though, I think. But more or less it has all of
the attributes used for creating an object from types.CodeType in
correct order.
On a side note, my brother has tinkered with the C internals and now
__subclasses__ is restricted and many, many os and posix commands are
restricted (not that you can get them anyways, since importing is
broken!)
I got import to work by pickling pairs of names - the variable name
that references the module, and the name of the module. When it
unpickles the list, it reimports them and points the appropriate
variable at them. This had unwanted effects if you did an import
this. It also doesn't work for objects that contain references to
modules.
My general method of storing is to store everything possible. See a
function? Store the function object itself. See a class? Store the
class object. Unfortunately, I can't store builtin methods or
functions, so this breaks on most modules. Don't try to reference the
__builtins__, by the way, otherwise it won't be removed and modjelly
will break.
I tried for a bit to restrict things, then gave up and did it
externally. There's no access to any files but those required to run
the script that deals with thing, and some other python modules that I
decided would be nice to have. Normally, nothing in the tree is
writable, either. Once I'm happy with it, I'll save a copy of the tree
somewhere and set up a cron job to refresh it at regular intervals.
I don't have enough control on the server to effectively restrict it
externally (no running as an unprivelleged user!), so I have to lock it
down as tightly as possible internally.
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Re: Python or Java or maybe PHP?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi everyone, I need to write a web app, that will support millions of user accounts, template-based user pages and files upload. The client is going to be written in Flash. I wondered if I coudl get your opinions - what do you think is the best language to use for the server? Python or Java? And I'm talking scalability, object oriented, development tools etc. I would personally not consider PHP, in terms of human scalability (if the server needs to grow to substantially rich logic etc). However, Ruby (with Rails, of course, as the server-side framework), Python (many options server-side, from Twisted to Django), and Java (even more options server-side), are, I believe, all worthy candidates. They're all object oriented enough that the fine distinctions among them don't really matter; choice of developer tools is probably widest for Java and least wide for Ruby (and the same for server-side web frameworks), but this cuts both ways (once you've decided on Java as the language you still have many weeks of evaluation to pick tools and frameworks -- if you decide on Ruby, tools and framework are more or less fixed -- Python is in between in both fields). The etc. is where the fun is;-). Java is statically typed, Ruby and Python are dynamically typed: you will perhaps find more flamewars on the web about this one aspect of programming languages than about all others combined. On the basis of extensive personal experience, I'm firmly in the dynamical-typing camp -- firmly convinced that Ruby or Python make developers and teams more productive, or, in other words, that Ruby and Python are higher-level than Java, requiring much less code to implement a given amount of functionality, and developers' productivity is tied mostly to the amount of code they need to develop, debug, maintain (functional specs and user documentation OTOH depend on functionality, not on code needed to implement the functionality, and so don't depend on the choice of implementation language[s]). You'll also find lots of flamewars on each side about side issue such as community, or the quality of programmers that you can easily get for language A vs language B (for just about any choice of A and B;-). I'm not sure how much weight you should give to these considerations, or other soft and fuzzy ones such as the issue of philosophy reflected by each language's design and community. All things considered, I would tentatively suggest Python, but if you examined both languages a little and then picked Ruby (or, given a suitable number of CS PhD's in your development team, Common Lisp, or Haskell, but that's another issue) I'd have no basis for predicting that your choice would be wrong; if you picked Java, I would strongly suspect you made the wrong choice; if you picked PHP, I would personally feel _certain_ that you made the wrong choice;-). And just to give the devil its due, if it's an acceptable trade-off for your server to be shackled to Microsoft systems forevermore, you might even want to consider ASP.NET -- I have no experience with it whatsoever, but some people whose technical judgment I respect do claim it's a good choice. Personally, I would consider the 'strategic' cost (the above-mentioned MS shackes) too high in any case, but only you can make such decisions for your own circumstances. Similarly, Apple's WebObjects have also been widely praised, but they would shackle you to Apple systems (language choice directly supported by Apple for WebObjects is Objective C, Java, and WebScript, a proprietary very-high-level language; but I believe that thanks to PyObjC you could use Python instead or side by side with ObjC, just as, of course, you always have the option of Jython, instead or side by side with Java, whenever you choose a Java-based platform). Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Line replace
Thank you for all the suggestions It appears the safest solution still is using a temp file as was so apt suggested further up here without it I maybe white water rafting without a canoe. I also will test the feasibility to regenerate the whole file from the database. Nx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: - E04 - Leadership! Google, Guido van Rossum, PSF
Anton Vredegoor [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... Google's not a nice company (yeah, I know I'm posting from a google account). If you look at their job requirements it's clear they will only hire people with long backstabbing histories. Such as...? Guido van Rossum? Greg Stein? Vint Cerf? Ben Goodger? Please DO share your insider-information about the long backstabbing histories of each and every one of these people, I'm sure it will be most fascinating (as well as useful for self-protection to future potential victims), and, after all, they ARE all rather public figures... TIA! Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hypergeometric distribution
On Sun, 01 Jan 2006 14:24:39 -0800, Raven wrote:
Thanks Steven for your very interesting post.
This was a critical instance from my problem:
from scipy import comb
comb(14354,174)
inf
Curious. It wouldn't surprise me if scipy was using floats, because 'inf'
is usually a floating point value, not an integer.
Using my test code from yesterday, I got:
bincoeff(14354,174)
11172777193562324917353367958024437473336018053487854593870
07090637489405604489192488346144684402362344409632515556732
33563523161308145825208276395238764441857829454464446478336
90173777095041891067637551783324071233625370619908633625448
31076677382448616246125346667737896891548166898009878730510
57476139515840542769956414204130692733629723305869285300247
645972456505830620188961902165086857407612722931651840L
Took about three seconds on my system.
Yes I am calculating hundreds of hypergeometric probabilities so I
need fast calculations
Another possibility, if you want exact integer maths rather than floating
point with logarithms, is to memoise the binomial coefficients. Something
like this:
# untested
def bincoeff(n,r, \
cache={}):
try:
return cache((n,r))
except KeyError:
x = 1
for i in range(r+1, n+1):
x *= i
for i in range(1, n-r+1):
x /= i
cache((n,r)) = x
return x
--
Steven.
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