dfa - a trivial finite automaton module
I have just uploaded my dfa-0.1 module to PyPi. I have seen similar or equivalent code in other packages (e.g. FSM in pexpect) but it was not as general or just used internally and not documented. This is my first module and nearly first python code, so please critique the style and API that I can learn something. Thanks. -- This line is completely ham. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Looping over lists
Tommy Grav [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
In C this would be equivalent to:
for(i = 0; i n; i++) {
for(j=i+1; j n; j++) {
print a[i], a[j]
for i in xrange(n):
for j in xrange(i+1, n):
print a[i], a[j]
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looping over lists
prad wrote: On Friday 04 May 2007 18:40:53 Tommy Grav wrote: Can anyone help me with the right approach for this in python? for each in a: for item in a[a.index(each)+1:]: print each,item will produce 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 2 3 2 4 2 5 3 4 3 5 4 5 a.index(each) gives the index of the each value in the a list. then you just add 1 to it so you start at the index value beside each's index. If there are equal items you may not get what you expect: items = [1, 2, 1.0] for a in items: ... for b in items[items.index(a)+1:]: ... print a, b ... 1 2 1 1.0 2 1.0 1.0 2 1.0 1.0 Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looping over lists
In [EMAIL PROTECTED], prad wrote: On Friday 04 May 2007 18:40:53 Tommy Grav wrote: Can anyone help me with the right approach for this in python? for each in a: for item in a[a.index(each)+1:]: print each,item will produce 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 2 3 2 4 2 5 3 4 3 5 4 5 But only if the elements in the list are unique. And the runtime is suboptimal because `index()` is doing a linear search -- the outer loop becomes slower and slower with each iteration. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Do I have to quit python to load a module?
wang frank wrote: When I edit a module, I have to quit python and then restart python and then import the module. Are there any way to avoid quit python to load an updated module? When I am debugging a module code, I need to constantly make changes. It is not convenient to quit and reload. There is the reload() function, but it has pitfalls. Objects referenced from without the module are not updated: open(tmp.py, w).write( ... def f(): print version one ... ) import tmp tmp.f() version one g = tmp.f open(tmp.py, w).write( ... def f(): print version two ... ) reload(tmp) module 'tmp' from 'tmp.py' tmp.f() version two g() version one Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Wiseman wrote: Note: I know there are LALR parser generators/parsers for Python, but the very reason why re exists is to provide a much simpler, more productive way to parse or validate simple languages and process text. (The pyparse/yappy/yapps/insert your favourite Python parser generator here argument could have been used to skip regular expression support in the language, or to deprecate re. Would you want that? And following the same rule, why would we have Python when there's C?) I don't follow your reasoning here. `re` is useful for matching tokens for a higher level parser and C is useful for writing parts that need hardware access or raw speed where pure Python is too slow. Regular expressions can become very unreadable compared to Python source code or EBNF grammars but modeling the tokens in EBNF or Python objects isn't as compact and readable as simple regular expressions. So both `re` and higher level parsers are useful together and don't supersede each other. The same holds for C and Python. IMHO. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Firefighters at the site of WTC7 Move away the building is going to blow up, get back the building is going to blow up.
On May 4, 8:19 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: MooseFET wrote: On May 4, 12:32 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [] The Marxist contribution to western thought is that it put everything in terms of labor and thus allowed us to quantify the human component of economies. No the great insight by Marx was in the selling of ducks. Anybody want to buy a duct has done more to advance economic thinking than the works of most economists. Economists have a vested interest in preventing people from understanding economics. They are well paid and know that they wouldn't be for long if people really understood what was going on. You must be an economist because you provide absolutely no interpretation of what the hell you were saying in ghe first paragraph (as if you actually know what you were trying to say). Duct or duck, first of all. Second of all--make a point. Groucho Marx. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to check if a string is empty in python?
On May 5, 12:19 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) wrote: Larry Bates [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... Isn't deprecated like depreciated but not quite to zero yet? No. To deprecate comes from a Latin verb meaning to ward off a disaster by prayer; when you're saying you deprecate something, you're saying you're praying for that something to disappear, go away; in a secular context, you're earnestly imploring people to NOT do it. To depreciate comes from a Latin verb meaning to reduce the price; when you're saying you depreciate something, you're saying you put on that something a lower price (and, by extension, a lower value) than it has (or, more commonly, used to have). You're not necessarily saying it's worth nothing at all (accountants sometimes deem an asset fully depreciated to mean something close to that, but the adverb fully is crucial to this meaning), just that it's worth less than before. Seeing this thread has already deteriorated [another word with Latin ancestry, not to be conflated with posteriorated] to the level of a debate about how many angels can stand shoulder-to-shoulder between the quotes surrounding the repr of an empty string, I presume it's OK if I remark that a fully depreciated asset is one that has a *book* value of zero [essentially that the whole of its original cost has been written off (i.e. claimed as a tax deduction)] , and that this has absolutely nothing to do with the true worth of the asset. The two terms got somewhat entwined, no doubt because their spelling is so similar (even though etimology and pronunciation are poles apart), but the correct meanings and usage are still well distinct. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Firefighters at the site of WTC7 Move away the building is going to blow up, get back the building is going to blow up.
MooseFET wrote: On May 4, 8:19 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: MooseFET wrote: On May 4, 12:32 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [] The Marxist contribution to western thought is that it put everything in terms of labor and thus allowed us to quantify the human component of economies. No the great insight by Marx was in the selling of ducks. Anybody want to buy a duct has done more to advance economic thinking than the works of most economists. Economists have a vested interest in preventing people from understanding economics. They are well paid and know that they wouldn't be for long if people really understood what was going on. You must be an economist because you provide absolutely no interpretation of what the hell you were saying in ghe first paragraph (as if you actually know what you were trying to say). Duct or duck, first of all. Second of all--make a point. Groucho Marx. You could have convinced me that Karl Marx was in the duck business because I wouldn't think anyone on any of these lists would be banal enough to use such a well worn joke. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?
quasi wrote: Gib Bogle wrote: Ah, so the firefighters were in on the conspiracy! No, but the firefighters are very much aware that there is more to 9/11 than has been officially revealed. This is even more true at Pentagon. The firefighters there brought dogs trained to search for survivors and/or remains Sounds like good practice. and found nothing. And the significance of this is ? Graahm -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why stay with lisp when there are python and perl?
Yes there is. On 5/3/07, Markus E Leypold [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Xah Lee [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: (if there is some demand, i will add a concrept, little programing No. There ain't. - M -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?
On May 4, 2:08 am, quasi [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 04 May 2007 09:37:37 +1200, Gib Bogle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ah, so the firefighters were in on the conspiracy! No, but the firefighters are very much aware that there is more to 9/11 than has been officially revealed. This is even more true at Pentagon. The firefighters there brought dogs trained to search for survivors and/or remains and found nothing. quasi Ah, Quasi, Midex and the other conspiratorers! You're the living proof that (gullible) idiots don't disappear: there just are new ones every time. Regards Tonio -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I get type methods?
On May 5, 1:17 am, Fuzzyman [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: dir(type(localContext)) Perhaps ? It gives ['__class__', '__cmp__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__'] while import sys dir(type(sys.modules)) gives ['__class__', '__cmp__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__str__', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'has_key', 'items', 'iteritems', 'iterkeys', 'itervalues', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] so I guess PyUNO extension doesn't provide proper introspection :-( -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looping over lists
I think the for i in range() is more readable (Maybe because I'm coming from a c-style syntax language background) - but what would the benefits of using enumerate be (other that being more . . . pythonesque?) On 5/5/07, Dennis Lee Bieber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 4 May 2007 19:26:17 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: for i in range(n): for j in range(i+1, n): print a[i], a[j] Ah, but wouldn't the cleaner Python be something like a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6] #just to confuse matters for pos, val in enumerate(a): ... for v2 in a[pos+1:]: ... print val, v2 ... 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 3 1 6 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 3 2 6 3 4 3 5 3 3 3 6 4 5 4 3 4 6 5 3 5 6 3 6 -- WulfraedDennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ (Bestiaria Support Staff: [EMAIL PROTECTED]) HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I get type methods?
On May 4, 7:13 pm, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The OPs problem is, there is no access to the class or type because there is no name. Exactly :-( You can get just instances from a factory function. Worse, if I call localContext.ServiceManage I'll get something with different set of methods, but of the same type - 'pyuno' :-( -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: My Python annoyances
Ben Collver [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: It is problem report #1678102. I understand the problem: that a 32 bit number looks different in a 32 bit signed int than in a 64 bit signed int. However, the workaround of dropping a bit seems to defeat the purpose of using a CRC. The workaround doesn't drop any bits, it converts the value to a Python long and extracts the lower 32 bits. There's really no good reason for Python to give two different results here. It should either return a signed 32-bit CRC value in a Python int, or return a unsigned 32-bit CRC value in either Python long or a Python int, if it's big enough. What it's doing now, returning unsigned value in a Python int, even when it's not big enough to hold the result, is wrong. Ross Ridge -- l/ // Ross Ridge -- The Great HTMU [oo][oo] [EMAIL PROTECTED] -()-/()/ http://www.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/~rridge/ db // -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Calling Exe from Python
I've been using subprocess.call(['name','arg1','arg2']) Works fine. On 2 May 2007 03:48:19 -0700, M Abbas [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Folks, This is what i am required to do. Call an executable from my python script, and when the executable is fininshed running, i should continue with my python script. I have tried os.exec() but it calls the executable and never returns to the calling python script. I tried os.fork it will start an independent process, since logic of my program depends on the results of executable. I am unable to figure, how to do it. Hope you folks would help me. ~JinBaba -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
progress
Hi All, I have posted yesterday about an ftplib issue, this has been resolved. I actually want to ask something here... The script that that ftplib error was from...I was wondering - What do I need to do to print the stats (speed/s, percentage done) of the upload that is running on the monitor. This script runs on a Fedora Machine. Thanx for the help guys! -- Merrigan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Newbie and Page Re-Loading
Miki, Thank you very much for your helpful reply. A simple example is the best way of getting started, I have found. I have no excuses now - to not get it working. I recently tried Visual Studio with Visual Basic. Nice for five minutes, but then all the helping bits got in the way, so then you try to do it all yourself and the logic behind 'viewstate' just seemed to do different things at different times and my silver surfing brain, just wants to do things, rather than learn all sorts of exceptions, which I will not remember tomorrow, never mind the next week or month. I will try the local server, after I get forms working. A question for the future. I am creating several spreadsheets on google which contain data, I need to search and display on my web page. The data is quite large so I need to filter it as opposed to just looking at the spreadsheet. Am I right in thinking there is something called an 'atom' feed, which will supply me the data from google as a 'cursor' (think it is an SQL term) and I can read the rows as records in python ? Thanks again Richard On May 4, 10:10 pm, Miki [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Richard, I do not want to run a framework yet. I would like to understand python at script level, before adding more aspects to learn, like frameworks. The way CGI works is that your script is called every time the corresponding HTML is loaded. You can access all the parameters sent to the script using cgi.FieldStorage. I think I get your idea about hidden fields and how to alter them. Note that hidden fields are passed in plain text format from/to the server, don't send anything sensitive in them. My single page script should work something like this DisplayHTMLHeaderandBodyHeader Check if this is a Re-Load (HiddenField would not exist first time I am assuming) It could be None: cgi.FieldStorage().getvalue(hidden_attribute) == None Display SearchSection with previous SearchRequest If SearchRequest is True: Get and Display Results Display TrailerHTMLandTrailerBody . Wait for NewSearch or NextPage In CGI you don't wait, the script exists and called again when use hits a button/refresh ... Does the above make sense or is there a better way ? There are many other ways (AJAX, Web frameworks, FastCGI ...). However I'd recommend you start with plain CGI which is *simple*. Here is a small example: #!/usr/local/bin/python import cgitb; cgitb.enable() # Show errors in HTML output from cgi import FieldStorage FUNNY = [ mickey, donald, daisy, minnie, goofy ] def main(): print Content-Type: text/html print form = FieldStorage() query = form.getvalue(query, ) print '''htmlbody h1Disney Search/h1 form input type=text name=query value=%s input type=submit value=search ''' % query if query: for someone in FUNNY: if query in someone: print br /%s % someone print /form/body/html if __name__ == __main__: main() How do I get the directory of my modules into the Python Path import sys sys.path.append(/path/to/my/modules) Note that your script directory is automatically added to the path. Is there a lightweight Https Server I could run locally (WINXP), which would run .py scripts, without lots of installation modifications ? http://lighttpd.net. Make sure mod_cgi is uncommented, set your document root and set right python interpreter in cgi.assign HTH, -- Miki [EMAIL PROTECTED]http://pythonwise.blogspot.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Newbie and Page Re-Loading
Alex, Thanks for the help. Richard On May 5, 3:42 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) wrote: Miki [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... Is there a lightweight Https Server I could run locally (WINXP), which would run .py scripts, without lots of installation modifications ? http://lighttpd.net. Make sure mod_cgi is uncommented, set your document root and set right python interpreter in cgi.assign For https, you do need to do substantial homework, though -- no two ways about it, since you'll need to get SSL certificates, etc etc. There are reasonably simple instructions for the purpose at http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-to-install-ssl-lighttpd-https-configu ration.html, but they're for Linux -- I don't know how they change when you want to serve https on Xp. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: My Python annoyances
Terry Reedy wrote: You don't need an invitation to disagree with another person's tracker comment. I assumed you knew this and took non-response as acquiesence. That (closing no response by item submitter) is a fairly typical pattern , by the way. I wish it were otherwise. I (incorrectly) took the comment to support rather than invalidate my report, and did not see anything to challenge. Email is not 100% reliable, but I understand you don't have the time to hound submitters. Do you think it might help to ask a question when you expect a response from the submitter? It might act as a prompt. That is a different issue. If, for instance, you think the docs could and should be improved to make people more wary, reopen the item, change the appropriate field to 'documentation' and please give a suggested addition or change. I trust the experts to take the appropriate action. It seems equally reasonable to ignore the report for its triviality, or to treat the checksum as a long, since that is what zlib returns. Ben -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: High resolution sleep (Linux)
John [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The table below shows the execution time for this code snippet as measured by the unix command `time': for i in range(1000): time.sleep(inter) inter execution time ideal 0 0.02 s0 s 1e-44.29 s0.1 s 1e-34.02 s1 s 2e-34.02 s2 s 5e-38.02 s5 s Hence it seems like the 4 s is just overhead and that the time.sleep method treats values below approximately 0.001 as 0. The exact minimum sleep time will be determined by the HZ value that your kernel was compiled with. In newer kernels that is typically 250 or 1000, it used to be 100 in older kernels. If you look at the config file used to build your kernel you can discover the HZ value. If you try to sleep for less than a timer tick, then the kernel performs a yield. Is there a standard way (or slick trick) to get higher resolution? If it is system dependent it's acceptable but not very nice :) I assume you are using sleep for timing purposes.. This isn't a terribly good idea, but here is an idea for you # from time import time, sleep def hr_sleep(duration): end = time() + duration if duration 0.02: sleep(duration) while time() - end 0: sleep(0) if __name__ == __main__: from timeit import Timer for e in range(0,7): dt = 10**-e loops = 10**e t = Timer(hr_sleep(%f) % dt, from __main__ import hr_sleep) print expected = %.2E actual = %.2E % (dt, t.timeit(loops)/loops) # This prints expected = 1.00E+00 actual = 1.00E+00 expected = 1.00E-01 actual = 1.00E-01 expected = 1.00E-02 actual = 1.00E-02 expected = 1.00E-03 actual = 1.00E-03 expected = 1.00E-04 actual = 1.02E-04 expected = 1.00E-05 actual = 1.19E-05 expected = 1.00E-06 actual = 2.66E-06 on my 250 HZ machine You could then do run-time calibration to work out the overhead of the function on any given machine to make it more accurate. -- Nick Craig-Wood [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://www.craig-wood.com/nick -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Firefighters at the site of WTC7 Move away the building is going to blow up, get back the building is going to blow up.
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], MooseFET [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On May 4, 8:19 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: MooseFET wrote: On May 4, 12:32 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [] The Marxist contribution to western thought is that it put everything in terms of labor and thus allowed us to quantify the human component of economies. No the great insight by Marx was in the selling of ducks. Anybody want to buy a duct has done more to advance economic thinking than the works of most economists. Economists have a vested interest in preventing people from understanding economics. They are well paid and know that they wouldn't be for long if people really understood what was going on. You must be an economist because you provide absolutely no interpretation of what the hell you were saying in ghe first paragraph (as if you actually know what you were trying to say). Duct or duck, first of all. Second of all--make a point. Groucho Marx. Give that man a cigar. /BAH -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looping over lists
On May 5, 3:15 am, kaens [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I think the for i in range() is more readable (Maybe because I'm coming from a c-style syntax language background) - but what would the benefits of using enumerate be (other that being more . . . pythonesque?) It doesn't create a whole new list just for iterating. On 5/5/07, Dennis Lee Bieber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 4 May 2007 19:26:17 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: for i in range(n): for j in range(i+1, n): print a[i], a[j] Ah, but wouldn't the cleaner Python be something like a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6] #just to confuse matters for pos, val in enumerate(a): ... for v2 in a[pos+1:]: ... print val, v2 ... 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 3 1 6 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 3 2 6 3 4 3 5 3 3 3 6 4 5 4 3 4 6 5 3 5 6 3 6 -- WulfraedDennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ (Bestiaria Support Staff: [EMAIL PROTECTED]) HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problem with Closing TCP connection
Dear All, I am currently developing a tool using Python 2.4.2 which will be used as a sink to pump TCP messages. During which i have observed that the TCP close interface provided by Python is not closing the connection. This i confirmed by looking at the ethereal logs, which show proper 3 way FIN ACK Handshake. But the netstat reports TIME_WAIT state for the TCP connection, which is hindering the messages to be pumped later. I would like to know whether the problem exists Python close and is there is turnaround? to the mentioned problem. Thanks, Madhur -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problems Drawing Over Network
Andrew schrieb: Hello Everyone [snipped stuff] Sorry not being helpful, but I suggest you post a minimal sample of your code demonstrating your program. cheers Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Do I have to quit python to load a module?
On Sat, 2007-05-05 at 05:33 +, wang frank wrote: Hi, When I edit a module, I have to quit python and then restart python and then import the module. Are there any way to avoid quit python to load an updated module? When I am debugging a module code, I need to constantly make changes. It is not convenient to quit and reload. This is a frequently asked question. See http://www.python.org/doc/faq/ . The answer to your question is at http://tinyurl.com/2qc7ev . -Carsten -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem with Closing TCP connection
On 5 May, 12:18, Madhur [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [...] as a sink to pump TCP messages. During which i have observed that the TCP close interface provided by Python is not closing the connection. This i confirmed by looking at the ethereal logs, which show proper 3 way FIN ACK Handshake. But the netstat reports TIME_WAIT state for the TCP connection, which is hindering the messages to be pumped later. I would like to know whether the problem exists Python close and is there is turnaround? to the mentioned problem. IIRC, this is normal operation of TCP connections. A very short explanation is here (http://www.unixguide.net/network/socketfaq/ 2.7.shtml). So it is not a problem of Python. I don't know exactly what you want to do, but I suggest you look at one of the following options: - Either get IP messages and filter them, same way as ethereal. Probably complicated coding. - Depending on your problem, you may try opening the TCP socket in Python using the SO_REUSEADDR option. Regards, k -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Non blocking sockets with select.poll() ?
On 5/4/07, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket
import select
class PollingSocket(socket.socket):
def __init__(self, port_number):
self.__poll = select.poll()
self.tcp_port_number = port_number
socket.socket.__init__(self, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
self.setblocking(0)
self.bind(('0.0.0.0', self.tcp_port_number))
self.listen(5)
self.__poll.register(self)
def poll(self, timeout = 0):
return self.__poll.poll(timeout)
def debugPollingSocket(port_num):
print BIND TO PORT: , port_num
return PollingSocket(port_num)
all_sockets = map(debugPollingSocket, xrange(1, 19169))
print We have this in stock:
for nb_active_socket in all_sockets:
print nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
while 1:
for nb_active_socket in all_sockets:
print Asking, nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
if nb_active_socket.poll(0):
print Found, nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
conn, addr = nb_active_socket.accept()
while 1:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if not data: break
conn.send(data)
conn.close()
This will only handle one connection at a time, of course. The polling
it does is also somewhat inefficient. Perhaps that's fine for your use
case. If not, though, I'd suggest this version (untested):
Actually, I'm here to learn. I could have used any number of different
approaches to accomplish this; starting from
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-asyncore.html to twisted to
http://oss.coresecurity.com/projects/pcapy.html.
I would appreciate it if you could elaborate on why my loop is
inefficient, I will try to improve it then (and post back).
Besides, this whole story started from me writing a quick
totalitarian security testing framework. Once I'm done with the
networking part I will start working on the part that kill's all
current processes listening on TCP/IP of the machine. Obviously thats
not meant for production boxes... The simple idea is having the poller
on one side of the firewall connection and the monster on the other
side replying, a kind of primitive and plain firewall testing utility.
from twisted.internet import pollreactor
pollreactor.install()
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.protocols.wire import Echo
from twisted.internet.protocol import ServerFactory
f = ServerFactory()
f.protocol = Echo
for i in range(1, 19169):
reactor.listenTCP(i, f)
reactor.run()
This will handle traffic from an arbitrary number of clients at the same
time and do so more efficiently than the loop in your version. You can
also try epollreactor instead of pollreactor, if the version of Linux you
are using supports epoll, for even better performance.
Thanks!
Jean-Paul
--
Cheers,
Maxim Veksler
Free as in Freedom - Do u GNU ?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Firefighters at the site of WTC7 Move away the building is going to blow up, get back the building is going to blow up.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], MooseFET [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On May 4, 8:19 pm, James Stroud [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: MooseFET wrote: Groucho Marx. Give that man a cigar. /BAH Please take note aspiring humorists, we have here an actual example of humor. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I get type methods?
On Sat, 2007-05-05 at 01:19 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On May 4, 7:13 pm, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The OPs problem is, there is no access to the class or type because there is no name. Exactly :-( You can get just instances from a factory function. Worse, if I call localContext.ServiceManage I'll get something with different set of methods, but of the same type - 'pyuno' :-( 'pyuno' objects are proxy objects that represent UNO objects, services, and interfaces. Since all attribute lookups are handled by the UNO bridge, the proxy object doesn't actually know what attributes it has, which is why it won't respond anything useful to the usual dir() inspection. To list the methods and properties that the UNO object behind a pyuno proxy object has, you need to use UNO inspection capabilities. Something like the following seems to work: # unodir.py def unodir(unoobj): import uno from com.sun.star.beans.MethodConcept import ALL as ALLMETHS from com.sun.star.beans.PropertyConcept import ALL as ALLPROPS ctx = uno.getComponentContext() introspection = ctx.ServiceManager.createInstanceWithContext( com.sun.star.beans.Introspection, ctx) access = introspection.inspect(unoobj) meths = access.getMethods(ALLMETHS) props = access.getProperties(ALLPROPS) return [ x.getName() for x in meths ] + [ x.Name for x in props ] import uno from unodir import unodir localContext = uno.getComponentContext() unodir(localContext) [u'queryInterface', u'acquire', u'release', u'getValueByName', u'getServiceManager', u'getElementType', u'hasElements', u'getByName', u'getElementNames', u'hasByName', u'replaceByName', u'insertByName', u'removeByName', u'getTypes', u'getImplementationId', u'queryAdapter', u'dispose', u'addEventListener', u'removeEventListener', u'ServiceManager', u'ElementType', u'ElementNames', u'Types', u'ImplementationId'] Hope this helps, Carsten -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?
On Sat, 05 May 2007 07:54:50 +0100, Eeyore [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: quasi wrote: Gib Bogle wrote: Ah, so the firefighters were in on the conspiracy! No, but the firefighters are very much aware that there is more to 9/11 than has been officially revealed. This is even more true at Pentagon. The firefighters there brought dogs trained to search for survivors and/or remains Sounds like good practice. and found nothing. And the significance of this is ? The plane was supposed to have passengers. quasi -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?
I missed the relevancy to Python in this thread. Could someone, preferably the OP, please quote it? Thanks in advance. Dotan Cohen http://lyricslist.com/ http://what-is-what.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looping over lists
Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I think the for i in range() is more readable (Maybe because I'm coming from a c-style syntax language background) - but what would the benefits of using enumerate be (other that being more . . . pythonesque?) It doesn't create a whole new list just for iterating. That's what xrange is for. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: Looping over lists
Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On May 5, 3:15 am, kaens [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I think the for i in range() is more readable (Maybe because I'm coming from a c-style syntax language background) - but what would the benefits of using enumerate be (other that being more . . . pythonesque?) It doesn't create a whole new list just for iterating. As the example list was of length 5, that's not all that important in this case. In cases where it _is_ crucial, you can use xrange. The performance of the various ways of looping is substantially the same: $ python -mtimeit -s'n=5; a=n*[23]' 'for i in range(n): x=a[i]' 100 loops, best of 3: 1.4 usec per loop $ python -mtimeit -s'n=5; a=n*[23]' 'for i in xrange(n): x=a[i]' 100 loops, best of 3: 1.18 usec per loop $ python -mtimeit -s'n=5; a=n*[23]' 'for i,v in enumerate(a): x=v' 100 loops, best of 3: 1.49 usec per loop $ Here, xrange is minutely faster and enumerate slower, but each speed difference in the noise. Focusing on clarity is thus well warranted. for i in range(n): for j in range(i+1, n): print a[i], a[j] Ah, but wouldn't the cleaner Python be something like a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6] #just to confuse matters for pos, val in enumerate(a): ... for v2 in a[pos+1:]: ... print val, v2 This breaks symmetry, by using enumerate in the outer loop and a slice in the inner loop; the symmetrical construction of using range in both loops is a big conceptual/clarity win -- the reader of the code needs to grasp one fewer concept (locally). Using xrange in both loops would be just as good from this POV. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What happened to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Friday 04 May 2007 22:19, Carsten Haese wrote: Hiya, I just tried sending an email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] to request a website change, and the email bounced back with this excerpt from the delivery failure report: Reporting-MTA: dns; bag.python.org [...] Final-Recipient: rfc822; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Original-Recipient: rfc822; [EMAIL PROTECTED] Action: failed Status: 5.0.0 Diagnostic-Code: X-Postfix; unknown user: webmaster Who should I contact to request the website change? Thanks, Carsten. I'm not sure but you can try; [EMAIL PROTECTED] or http://mail.python.org/ jim-on-lnux http://www.inqvista.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Lisp for the C21
On 2007-05-04 11:32:14 -0400, Paul Rubin http://[EMAIL PROTECTED] said: Anyone who didn't love lisp in the 20th century has no heart. Anyone who still loves it in the 21st, has no head. By the same logic we should all be conservative Republicans. Given this implication, I'll stick with lisp, thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 5, 5:12 am, Terry Reedy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I believe the current Python re module was written to replace the Python wrapping of pcre in order to support unicode. I don't know how PCRE was back then, but right now it supports UTF-8 Unicode patterns and strings, and Unicode character properties. Maybe it could be reintroduced into Python? I don't remember those being in the pcre Python once had. Perhaps they are new. At least today, PCRE supports recursion and recursion check, possessive quantifiers and once-only subpatterns (disables backtracking in a subpattern), callouts (user functions to call at given points), and other interesting, powerful features. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Non blocking sockets with select.poll() ?
On Sat, 5 May 2007 15:37:31 +0300, Maxim Veksler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On 5/4/07, Jean-Paul Calderone [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket
import select
class PollingSocket(socket.socket):
Usually there's no particularly good reason to subclass socket. In this
case you did it to add a poll method, it seems. However...
def __init__(self, port_number):
self.__poll = select.poll()
self.tcp_port_number = port_number
socket.socket.__init__(self, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
self.setblocking(0)
self.bind(('0.0.0.0', self.tcp_port_number))
self.listen(5)
self.__poll.register(self)
Creating one poll object per socket isn't necessary. You only need one
overall.
def poll(self, timeout = 0):
return self.__poll.poll(timeout)
Polling with a zero timeout is just busy looping. You want to poll with a
large (or infinite) timeout, and on more than one socket at a time.
def debugPollingSocket(port_num):
print BIND TO PORT: , port_num
return PollingSocket(port_num)
all_sockets = map(debugPollingSocket, xrange(1, 19169))
print We have this in stock:
for nb_active_socket in all_sockets:
print nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
while 1:
for nb_active_socket in all_sockets:
print Asking, nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
if nb_active_socket.poll(0):
print Found, nb_active_socket.tcp_port_number
conn, addr = nb_active_socket.accept()
while 1:
data = conn.recv(1024)
if not data: break
conn.send(data)
conn.close()
Instead of looping over all the sockets repeatedly and asking each one if
it has any data, you want to create one poll object, register every socket
with it, and ask it which sockets have data. You also want to put the
accepted sockets into non-blocking mode and also poll them, reading from
whichever ones have data when they have data.
Even if you don't want to use Twisted, it might be beneficial to read how
it is implemented to learn how to do this.
Jean-Paul
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Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 5, 7:19 am, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In [EMAIL PROTECTED], Wiseman wrote: Note: I know there are LALR parser generators/parsers for Python, but the very reason why re exists is to provide a much simpler, more productive way to parse or validate simple languages and process text. (The pyparse/yappy/yapps/insert your favourite Python parser generator here argument could have been used to skip regular expression support in the language, or to deprecate re. Would you want that? And following the same rule, why would we have Python when there's C?) I don't follow your reasoning here. `re` is useful for matching tokens for a higher level parser and C is useful for writing parts that need hardware access or raw speed where pure Python is too slow. Regular expressions can become very unreadable compared to Python source code or EBNF grammars but modeling the tokens in EBNF or Python objects isn't as compact and readable as simple regular expressions. So both `re` and higher level parsers are useful together and don't supersede each other. The same holds for C and Python. IMHO. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch Sure, they don't supersede each other and they don't need to. My point was that the more things you can do with regexes (not really regular expressions anymore), the better -as long as they are powerful enough for what you need to accomplish and they don't become a giant Perl- style hack, of course-, because regular expressions are a built-in, standard feature of Python, and they are much faster to use and write than Python code or some LALR parser definition, and they are more generally known and understood. You aren't going to parse a programming language with a regex, but you can save a lot of time if you can parse simple, but not so simple languages with them. Regular expressions offer a productive alternative to full-fledged parsers for the cases where you don't need them. So saying if you want feature X or feature Y in regular expressions you should use a Bison-like parser sounds a bit like an excuse, because the very reason why regular expressions like these exist is to avoid using big, complex parsers for simple cases. As an analogy, I mentioned Python vs. C: you want to develop high-level languages because they are simpler and more productive than working with C, even if you can do anything with the later. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
File names and file objects [was Re: My Python annoyances]
On Fri, 04 May 2007 07:55:25 -0700, Alex Martelli wrote: What about the case where I have an array of objects that represent some particular binary file format. If the object is a file, then I want to copy its contents. If the object is a string, then I want to write the string. And so forth. Type-switching in this way is a rather dubious practice in any language (it can't respect the open-closed principle). What do people think about functions that accept either a file name or a file object? def handle_file(obj): if type(obj) == str: need_to_close = True obj = file(obj, 'r') else: need_to_close = False do_something_with(obj.read()) if need_to_close: data.close() Good idea? Bad idea? Just a matter of personal preference? -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On Sat, May 05, 2007 at 08:52:15AM -0700, Wiseman wrote: I believe the current Python re module was written to replace the Python wrapping of pcre in order to support unicode. I don't know how PCRE was back then, but right now it supports UTF-8 Unicode patterns and strings, and Unicode character properties. Maybe it could be reintroduced into Python? I would say this is a case for rough consensus and working code. With something as big and ugly[1] as a regexp library, I think the working code part will be the hard part. So, if you have a patch, there's a decent chance such a thing would be adopted. I'm not sure what your skill level is, but I would suggest studying the code, starting in on a patch for one or more of these features, and then corresponding with the module's maintainers to improve your patch to the point where it can be accepted. Dustin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Object interfaces and capabilities [was Re: File names and file objects [was Re: My Python annoyances]]
Steven D'Aprano wrote: What do people think about functions that accept either a file name or a file object? def handle_file(obj): if type(obj) == str: need_to_close = True obj = file(obj, 'r') else: need_to_close = False do_something_with(obj.read()) if need_to_close: data.close() Good idea? Bad idea? Just a matter of personal preference? I sometimes write functions like this myself. However, the matter of testing for file-like objects can obviously vary somewhat in terms of personal preference and correctness. Some would argue that this is a situation which would benefit from interfaces: if isinstance(obj, FileLike): # or obj.implements(FileLike), perhaps do_something_with(obj.read()) In the original example, we can intuitively see that a file-like object need only support the read and close methods, and in the case of receiving a file-like object, only the read method need exist on the object. Consequently, we can write the following: if hasattr(obj, read): do_something_with(obj.read()) Some would rightly say that this is ridiculous: you're testing something which will be discovered straight away. However, there can be situations where you might want to know in advance whether the object is suitable, especially if you may perform more than one kind of operation on the object and where side-effects may occur - the let the code fail attitude arguably doesn't hold up very well in such cases. The problem can then be framed in terms of being able to express the set of required operations and whether something like interfaces is a flexible enough means of doing so. We might have something like this: if test_for_file(obj): do_something_with(obj) # not the string but the object itself Now, we have the choice of explicitly phrasing the test ourselves... def test_for_file(obj): return hasattr(obj, read) and hasattr(obj, close) # and ... ...or relying on an interface mechanism to do this for us, with the possible additional overhead of declaring such interface usage when defining or adopting classes. It seems to me that there's a gulf between the use of interfaces, with the cost of introducing declarations in the code and the benefit of relatively easy verification of object capabilities, and the current situation where one might like to try and deduce the required capabilities of an object at any given point in the code. Without interfaces, such verification is difficult but there's less overhead for the programmer; with interfaces, verification is easier but the programmer has to work harder to do most of the work. I can't really see a good compromise. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
On May 4, 10:48 pm, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: This may seem very strange, but it is true. If I delete a .pyc file, my program executes with a different state! In a single directory I have module1 and module2. module1 imports random and MyClass from module2. module2 does not import random. module1 sets a seed like this:: if __name__ == __main__: random.seed(314) main() I execute module1.py from the (Windows) shell. I get a result, let's call it result1. I execute it again. I get another result, say result2. Running it again and again, I get result2. Now I delete module2.pyc. I execute module1.py from the shell. I get result1. I execute it again; I get result2. From then on I get result2, unless I delete module.pyc again, in which case I once again get result1. Can someone explain this to me? Thank you, Alan Isaac I can't imagine why that would be, and I was unable to reproduce that behavior, using Microsoft Windows XP and Python 2.5: module1.py import module2 import random def main(): for i in range(10): print module2.aRandom() if __name__ == '__main__': random.seed(314) main() /module1.py module2.py import random print module2 imported def aRandom(): return random.randrange(100) /module2.py C:\Documents and Settings\DUSTAN\Desktop\apackagemodule1.py module2 imported 196431 111465 2638 628136 234231 207699 546775 449804 633844 179171 C:\Documents and Settings\DUSTAN\Desktop\apackagemodule1.py module2 imported 196431 111465 2638 628136 234231 207699 546775 449804 633844 179171 C:\Documents and Settings\DUSTAN\Desktop\apackagemodule1.py module2 imported 196431 111465 2638 628136 234231 207699 546775 449804 633844 179171 C:\Documents and Settings\DUSTAN\Desktop\apackagemodule1.py module2 imported 196431 111465 2638 628136 234231 207699 546775 449804 633844 179171 I deleted module2.pyc right before that last call. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: File names and file objects [was Re: My Python annoyances]
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
On Fri, 04 May 2007 07:55:25 -0700, Alex Martelli wrote:
What about the case where I have an array of objects that represent some
particular binary file format. If the object is a file, then I want to
copy its contents. If the object is a string, then I want to write the
string. And so forth.
"Type-switching" in this way is a rather dubious practice in any
language (it can't respect the "open-closed" principle).
What do people think about functions that accept either a file name or a
file object?
def handle_file(obj):
if type(obj) == str:
need_to_close = True
obj = file(obj, 'r')
else:
need_to_close = False
do_something_with(obj.read())
if need_to_close:
data.close()
Good idea? Bad idea? Just a matter of personal preference?
The first question to ask is why are you using an array to hold
multiple
unidentified objects? Why not use a dictionary instead. You could add
items using the object as key and type as data element.
import types
dictOfObjects = {}
aString = 'abcde'
fobj = open('filename', 'w')
fout = open('anotherFilename','r')
dictOfObject[aString] = [types.StringType]
dictOfObjects [fobj] = [types.FileType, 'w']
dictOfOjbect[fout] = [types.FileType,'r']
Then you can iterate over the dictionary; selection/action by type.
The question seems kind of bogus anyway. The only language
feature that stores different elements in a single body are similar to
'C/C++' structures. At which point one has to ask... why not use the
struct module? Ah ... perhaps the questioner didn't know about them?
Well I'd suggest, before more 'annoyances' postings to review the
top level of the module
index @ http://docs.python.org/modindex.html.
I find it a great place to start looking for python language features
that
my programs need, but I don't know, yet.
sph
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How do I use the config parser?
Hi,
I need a specific example. I have seen the docs, but I don't all the
stuffs there.
So basically, I need my config file to be created and read by my
script.
Here is a snippet
# read old actions
from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
fp = open(makepath('App\qt_actions.conf'))
configdict = ConfigParser()
configdict.readfp(fp)
Now I want to know how to read a section, a section attribute's value,
and to write thoses back after reading.
Thanks
--
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Re: OT somewhat: Do you telecommute? What do you wish the boss understood about it?
Oh! what a lovely response -- and I agree with almost all of it. I just handed in the article, and hadn't seen your message, but you'll be glad to know that I ended up with a whole sidebar about the costs that a telecommuter may bear. That didn't include the travel and hotel outlay, though it might have, since I just spent $400 on plane tickets to Boston for next month, and I won't be reimbursed for them until after the trip. (The devil's advocate piece of that, however, is that I don't pay for gas to commute to-and-from the office, either, which never is reimbursed. One side effect of telecommuting is that I have to put fuel in the car only once a month.) Anyway, my sidebar focused on the more direct questions of what does the company cover? Many of them don't have right or wrong answers, but there ought to be a policy in place before either the telecommuter or the accounting department have a fit. (If a telecommuter wears out her office chair, who pays for it? The usual answer is the telecommuter but is that really fair? If I had a cube in the office, they'd get me a chair. Maybe a junky one, but there would be a facilities budget to cover it.) I think you can tell that I liked what you wrote. I'll be sure to let you know when the article is published. Esther -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What happened to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Carsten Haese [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just tried sending an email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] to request a website change, and the email bounced back with this excerpt from the delivery failure report: Oops! I've informed the appropriate people. For now, either hang on to your request or send it directly to me. Thanks for letting us know! -- Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Look, it's your affair if you want to play with five people, but don't go calling it doubles. --John Cleese anticipates Usenet -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
Are there any plans to support these features in re? This question is impossible to answer. I don't have such plans, and I don't know of any, but how could I speak for the hundreds of contributors to Python world-wide, including those future contributors which haven't contributed *yet*. Do you have plans for such features in re? Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python Binding
Hello everybody. There's a C library which i'd like to have python bindings for. I havn't known anything before about how to write python bindings for a C library. I succeeded now by using distutils to write the first bindings for functions and similar. Now, it seems as something is blocking my brain. For the library, i need custom types, so types defined in this library (structures), including pointers and similar. I've been thinking about what i will need to represent this lists in python. I thought about creating an external python object, providing information i get from the list in C structures which can be converted. Basically, it are list of packages, which have several attributes (next, prev, etc). But i don't know how to supply a proper list from the binding / object written in C. Any suggestions or hints about this? Thank you, Georg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: behavior difference for mutable and immutable variable in function definition
On May 4, 5:14 pm, Carsten Haese [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 2007-05-04 at 14:30 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, Can anyone explain the following: Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Apr 9 2007, 11:27:23) [GCC 4.1.1 20060525 (Red Hat 4.1.1-1)] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. def foo(): ... x = 2 ... foo() def bar(): ... x[2] = 2 ... bar() Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module File stdin, line 2, in bar NameError: global name 'x' is not defined x = 2 binds the name 'x' in foo's local namespace to the object '2'. For this, it doesn't matter whether the name 'x' was previously bound to anything. x[2] = 2 is a shorthand notation for the method call x.__setitem__(2,2). This requires the name 'x' to be bound to some object that has a __setitem__ method. -Carsten This makes sense. Thank you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I use the config parser?
wrote in news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] in comp.lang.python: Hi, I need a specific example. I have seen the docs, but I don't all the stuffs there. from ConfigParser import ConfigParser Now I want to know how to read a section, a section attribute's value, and to write thoses back after reading. ConfigParser is derived from RawConfigParser, so you need to look at RawConfigParser's docs here: http://docs.python.org/lib/RawConfigParser-objects.html Rob. -- http://www.victim-prime.dsl.pipex.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How do I use the config parser?
On May 5, 8:13 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi,
I need a specific example. I have seen the docs, but I don't all the
stuffs there.
So basically, I need my config file to be created and read by my
script.
Here is a snippet
# read old actions
from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
fp = open(makepath('App\qt_actions.conf'))
configdict = ConfigParser()
configdict.readfp(fp)
Now I want to know how to read a section, a section attribute's value,
and to write thoses back after reading.
You could do it simply with ConfigObj (
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/configobj.html
):
from configobj import ConfigObj
config = ConfigObj(filename)
section = config['Section Name']
value = section['value']
section['value'] = newValue
config.write()
All the best,
Fuzzyman
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles.shtml
Thanks
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Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
Wiseman wrote: I'm kind of disappointed with the re regular expressions module. In particular, the lack of support for recursion ( (?R) or (?n) ) is a major drawback to me. There are so many great things that can be accomplished with regular expressions this way, such as validating a mathematical expression or parsing a language with nested parens, quoting or expressions. -1 on this from me. In the past 10 years as a professional programmer, I've used the wierd extended regex features maybe 5 times total, whether it be in Perl or Python. In contrast, I've had to work around the slowness of PCRE-style engines by forking off a grep() or something similar practically every other month. I think it'd be far more valuable for most programmers if Python moved toward dropping the extended semantics so that something one of the efficient regex libraries (linked in a recent thread here on comp.lang.python) could work with, and then added a parsing library to the standard library for more complex jobs. Alternatively, if the additional memory used isn't huge we could consider having more intelligence in the re compiler and having it choose between a smarter PCRE engine or a faster regex engine based on the input. The latter is something I'm playing with a patch for that I hope to get into a useful state for discussion soon. But regexes are one area where speed very often makes the difference between whether they're usable or not, and that's far more often been a limitation for me--and I'd think for most programmers--than any lack in their current Python semantics. So I'd rather see that attacked first. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: progress
On May 5, 1:46 am, Merrigan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, I have posted yesterday about an ftplib issue, this has been resolved. I actually want to ask something here... The script that that ftplib error was from...I was wondering - What do I need to do to print the stats (speed/s, percentage done) of the upload that is running on the monitor. This script runs on a Fedora Machine. Thanx for the help guys! -- Merrigan Looks like all you've got on the Python side is the size() method. You could start a timer when the transfer begins, and then compare the size on the server versus the size locally to get progress. ~Sean -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: My newbie annoyances so far
On Apr 27, 9:07 am, John Nagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The CPython implementation is unreasonably slow compared to good implementations of other dynamic languages such as LISP and JavaScript. Why do you say CPython is slower than JavaScript? Please provide examples. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 6, 1:52 am, Wiseman [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On May 5, 5:12 am, Terry Reedy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I believe the current Python re module was written to replace the Python
wrapping of pcre in order to support unicode.
I don't know how PCRE was back then, but right now it supports UTF-8
Unicode patterns and strings, and Unicode character properties. Maybe
it could be reintroduced into Python?
UTF-8 Unicode is meaningless. Python has internal unicode string
objects, with comprehensive support for converting to/from str (8-bit)
string objects. The re module supports unicode patterns and strings.
PCRE supports patterns and strings which are encoded in UTF-8. This
is quite different, a kludge, incomparable. Operations which inspect/
modify UTF-8-encoded data are of interest only to folk who are
constrained to use a language which has nothing resembling a proper
unicode datatype.
At least today, PCRE supports recursion and recursion check,
possessive quantifiers and once-only subpatterns (disables
backtracking in a subpattern), callouts (user functions to call at
given points), and other interesting, powerful features.
The more features are put into a regular expression module, the more
difficult it is to maintain and the more the patterns look like line
noise.
There's also the YAGNI factor; most folk would restrict using regular
expressions to simple grep-like functionality and data validation --
e.g. re.match([A-Z][A-Z]?[0-9]{6}[0-9A]$, idno). The few who want to
recognise yet another little language tend to reach for parsers, using
regular expressions only in the lexing phase.
If you really want to have PCRE functionality in Python, you have a
few options:
(1) create a wrapper for PCRE using e.g. SWIG or pyrex or hand-
crafting
(2) write a PEP, get it agreed, and add the functionality to the re
module
(3) wait until someone does (1) or (2) for free
(4) fund someone to do (1) or (2)
HTH,
John
--
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Re: Cannot execute Windows commands via Python in 64-bit
minitotoro [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Upon further investigation it turned out to be a windohs 64-bit issue (which is what I was afraid of). I did however find an asinine work around. Make a copy of defrag.exe from the system32 folder and paste it in the same directory as the python script. Voila! It now works. Piece of junk windohs... :-S If you are using a 32-bit Python, then all references you make to \windows\system32 are automatically rewritten to \windows\syswow64. If defrag.exe is not present in \windows\syswow64, that could explain it. Unbelievable but true. Although we were all smart enough to handle the transition from \windows\system in Win16 to \windows\system32 in Win32, Microsoft apparently believes programmers have all grown too stupid to handle the transition to Win64 on our own. Some registry references are also silently rewritten. -- Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Providenza Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
I have documented this behavior on two completely different systems (Win 2000 and Win XP SP2), using Python 2.5.1. It two modules where this happens, as described before. If it should not happen, there is a bug. I am looking for potential explanation, since I realize that finding bugs is unlikely. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
On May 6, 9:00 am, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have documented this behavior on two completely different systems (Win 2000 and Win XP SP2), using Python 2.5.1. You can't say that you have documented the behaviour when you haven't published files that exhibit the alleged behaviour. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
FIXED: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Aahz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Carsten Haese [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just tried sending an email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] to request a website change, and the email bounced back with this excerpt from the delivery failure report: Oops! I've informed the appropriate people. For now, either hang on to your request or send it directly to me. Thanks for letting us know! Okay, anyone who was trying to send e-mail to the webmasters should try again. -- Aahz ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) * http://www.pythoncraft.com/ Look, it's your affair if you want to play with five people, but don't go calling it doubles. --John Cleese anticipates Usenet -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: problem with py2exe and microsoft speech SDK 5.1
Hi Dave,
I can't help you but maybe you'll have more luck if you try also the
dedicated py2exe mailing list:
https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/py2exe-users
francois
On May 4, 7:36 am, Dave Lim [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On May 3, 1:29 pm, Dave Lim diband... at yahoo.com
wrote:
Hello, this is my first time in the mailing list so
bear with me.
Basically what I did was I followed this
site:http://surguy.net/articles/speechrecognition.xml
So I installed microsoft speech SDK 5.1 and then
used
pythonwin COM MakePy utility for it and it worked
out
fine. However, I need to compile my program into a
.exe and I have no idea how to make this work. I
tried
using py2exe but I get the error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File simple-speech-recognition.py, line 57, in
?
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
cannot create 'NoneType' instances
If anybody knows a good solution to this problem I
would very much appreciate it if you can guide me
to
the right path / solution.
Thank you very much!
-Dave Lim
__
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam
protection aroundhttp://mail.yahoo.com
I've never done this, but I want to at some point, so
I went and
grabbed some good links on packaging up Python apps:
http://davidf.sjsoft.com/mirrors/mcmillan-inc/install1.html
http://www.pharscape.org/content/view/33/51/
http://wiki.python.org/moin/Py2Exe
http://www.py2exe.org/index.cgi/Tutorial
There's also growth in using Python Eggs:
http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs
Mike
Thanks for the links. But I already have compiled it
successfully into an executable my only problem is i
still have that error. I still have the same error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File simple-speech-recognition.py, line 57, in ?
TypeError: Error when calling the metaclass bases
cannot create 'NoneType' instances
I used py2exe and I also added typelibs in the options
however that didn't seem to fix my problem. Below is
my setup.py, can anyone tell me what I'm lacking or
doing wrong here?
setup.py
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
setup(options = {py2exe: {typelibs:
[('{C866CA3A-32F7-11D2-9602-00C04F8EE628}',0,5,0)]}},
console = [simple.py])
Dave
__
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aroundhttp://mail.yahoo.com
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Init style output with python?
Hi list,
I'm working on writing sanity check script, and for aesthetic reasons
I would like the output be in the formatted like the gentoo init
script output, that is:
Check for something .. [OK]
Check for something else ..[FAIL]
Is there are frame work or something in python that would allow me to
do this (quickly) ?
If not, ideas how I should I be getting this boring task of:
1. get screen width
2. get output string length
3. get out status length
4. calculate space
5. print string, print space, print status, print newline
what happens if user changes textual terminal resolution ?
p.s.
I would also like to OK and FAIL output to be colored. I haven't
found anything for python to would allow to to output to ansi (linux,
rxvt, xterm). Here's a quick class I've written (in the hope it proves
to be useful to the next guy).
#!/usr/bin/env python
This stuff is under GPL, as always
class ColorTerm:
def __init__(self, Mono = False):
pass
def __get_tput_color_value__(colorcode):
from commands import getoutput
return getoutput('tput setaf ' + colorcode)
BLACK_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('0')
RED_FG =__get_tput_color_value__('1')
GREEN_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('2')
YELLOW_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('3')
BLUE_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('4')
MAGENTA_FG =__get_tput_color_value__('5')
CYAN_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('6')
WHITE_FG = __get_tput_color_value__('7')
def black(self, msg):
return self.BLACK_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def red(self, msg):
return self.RED_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def green(self, msg):
return self.GREEN_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def yellow(self, msg):
return self.YELLOW_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def blue(self, msg):
return self.BLUE_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def magenta(self, msg):
return self.MAGENTA_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def cyan(self, msg):
return self.CYAN_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
def white(self, msg):
return self.WHITE_FG + msg + self.BLACK_FG
cc = ColorTerm()
print cc.red('Cool!') + cc.yellow('?'), cc.green('Sure is!!!')
print Now setting your terminal text color to blue + cc.BLUE_FG
print well don't be blue about this, here let me set it back for you
print cc.BLACK_FG + see, nothing to worry about
--
Cheers,
Maxim Veksler
Free as in Freedom - Do u GNU ?
--
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Re: change of random state when pyc created??
John Machin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] You can't say that you have documented the behaviour when you haven't published files that exhibit the alleged behaviour. Fine. I have observed this behavior. The files are not appropriate for posting. I do not yet have a minimum case. But surely I am not the first to notice this! Alan Isaac PS I'll send you the files off list. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
On May 5, 1:48 pm, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
This may seem very strange, but it is true.
If I delete a .pyc file, my program executes with a different state!
In a single directory I have
module1 and module2.
module1 imports random and MyClass from module2.
That's rather ambiguous. Do you mean
(a) module1 imports random and (MyClass from module2)
or
(b) module1 imports (random and MyClass) from module2
module2 does not import random.
This statement would *appear* to rule out option (b) but appearances
can be deceptive :-)
It's a bit of a worry that you call the first file module1 and not
the_script. Does module2 import module1, directly or indirectly?
module1 sets a seed like this::
if __name__ == __main__:
random.seed(314)
main()
I execute module1.py from the (Windows) shell.
I get a result, let's call it result1.
I execute it again. I get another result, say result2.
Running it again and again, I get result2.
Stop right there. Never mind what happens when you delete module2.pyc.
Should you not expect to get the same result each time? Is that not
the point of setting a constant seed each time you run the script?
Problem 1.
Now I delete module2.pyc.
I execute module1.py from the shell.
I get result1.
I execute it again; I get result2.
From then on I get result2,
unless I delete module.pyc again,
in which case I once again get result1.
Can someone explain this to me?
Thank you,
Alan Isaac
Compiling module2 is causing code to be executed that probably
shouldn't be executed. === Problem 2.
With all due respect to your powers of description :-) no, it can't be
explained properly, without seeing the contents of the source files. I
strongly suggest that if you continue to experience Problem1 and/or
Problem 2, you cut your two files down to the bare minima and post
them here.
Meanwhile, my deja-vu detector is kicking in ...
uh-huh (1), from 25 April:
===
% test2.py %
from random import seed
seed(314)
class Trivial:
pass
===
Is module2 (still) doing that?
Is module1 importing itself (directly or indirectly)?
uh-huh (2), the long thread about relative imports allegedly being
broken ...
It appears to me that you need to divorce the two concepts module
and script in your mind.
Modules when executed should produce only exportables: classes,
functions, NAMED_CONSTANTS, etc. It is OK to do things like process
the easier-to-create
_ds = \
foo 1
bar 42
zot 666
into the easier-to-use
USEFUL_DICT = {'foo': 1, 'bar': 42, zot: 666}
but not to change global state.
Scripts which use functions etc from a module or package should be
independent of the module/package such that they don't need anything
more complicated than simple importing of the module/package. The
notion of inspecting the script's path to derive the module/package
path and then stuffing that into sys.paths is mind boggling. Are
module1/script1 and module2 parts of a package?
Here's a suggestion for how you should structure scripts:
def main():
# All productive code is inside a function to take advantage
# of access to locals being faster than access to globals
import mymodule
mymodule.do_something()
if __name__ == __main__:
main()
else:
raise Exception(Attempt to import script containing nothing
importable)
and your modules should *start* with:
if __name__ == __main__:
raise Exception(Attempt to execute hopefully-pure module as a
script)
HTH,
John
--
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Re: High resolution sleep (Linux)
John [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The table below shows the execution time for this code snippet as measured by the unix command `time': for i in range(1000): time.sleep(inter) inter execution time ideal 0 0.02 s0 s 1e-44.29 s0.1 s 1e-34.02 s1 s 2e-34.02 s2 s 5e-38.02 s5 s Hence it seems like the 4 s is just overhead and that the time.sleep method treats values below approximately 0.001 as 0. Is there a standard way (or slick trick) to get higher resolution? If it is system dependent it's acceptable but not very nice :) Consider what you're asking here. The operating system can only age the timer list and re-evaluate process ready states when a process goes into kernel mode, either by releasing the CPU or hitting the end of its time slice. In order to know that a process has reached the end of its time slice, it has to be interrupted by something, typically the timer interrupt. In order to provide 10us sleep resolution, the timer interrupt would have to fire every 10us. The overhead of handling the timer interrupt and rescheduling that often is quite significant. -- Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Providenza Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Init style output with python?
On May 6, 9:27 am, Maxim Veksler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi list, I'm working on writing sanity check script, and for aesthetic reasons I would like the output be in the formatted like the gentoo init script output, that is: Check for something .. [OK] Check for something else ..[FAIL] Is there are frame work or something in python that would allow me to do this (quickly) ? If not, ideas how I should I be getting this boring task of: 1. get screen width Is it not (a) safe (b) sensible to assume a minimum width (say 79) and avoid the whole question of determining the terminal width? 2. get output string length 3. get out status length 4. calculate space 5. print string, print space, print status, print newline Surely you don't need assistance with steps 2 - 5 ... what happens if user changes textual terminal resolution ? Something rather unaesthetic, I imagine. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: FIXED: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On 6/05/2007 9:11 AM, Aahz wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Aahz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Carsten Haese [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I just tried sending an email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] to request a website change, and the email bounced back with this excerpt from the delivery failure report: Oops! I've informed the appropriate people. For now, either hang on to your request or send it directly to me. Thanks for letting us know! Okay, anyone who was trying to send e-mail to the webmasters should try again. uh-huh, but PyPI search doesn't return, and PyPI browse cops this: Error... There's been a problem with your request psycopg.ProgrammingError: ERROR: could not serialize access due to concurrent update delete from browse_tally -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
John Machin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] (a) module1 imports random and (MyClass from module2) Right. It's a bit of a worry that you call the first file module1 and not the_script. Does module2 import module1, directly or indirectly? No. I call a module any file meant to be imported by others. Many of my modules include a main function, which allow the module to be executed as a script. I do not think this is unusual, even as terminology. Should you not expect to get the same result each time? Is that not the point of setting a constant seed each time you run the script? Yes. That is the problem. If I delete module2.pyc, I do not get the same result. With all due respect to your powers of description :-) no, it can't be explained properly, without seeing the contents of the source files. I sent them to you. What behavior did you see? from random import seed seed(314) class Trivial: pass === Is module2 ... doing that? Is module1 importing itself (directly or indirectly)? No. Separate issue == Here's a suggestion for how you should structure scripts: def main(): # All productive code is inside a function to take advantage # of access to locals being faster than access to globals import mymodule mymodule.do_something() if __name__ == __main__: main() else: raise Exception(Attempt to import script containing nothing importable) and your modules should *start* with: if __name__ == __main__: raise Exception(Attempt to execute hopefully-pure module as a script) I'm not going to call this a bad practice, since it has clear virtues. I will say that it does not seem to be a common practice, although that may be my lack of exposure to other's code. And it still does not address the common need of playing with a package in progress or a package under consideration without installing it. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
module console
Can I get the console to behave like it's in a module? So far I have inspect.getsource() working by setting the filename and linenumbers of the return from compiler.parse(). I'm looking too. -me -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem with inspect.getfile
En Wed, 02 May 2007 11:46:29 -0300, elventear [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: On May 2, 1:12 am, Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: En Wed, 02 May 2007 02:53:55 -0300, elventear [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Found the offending code. I was importing between files that were at the same level of the hierarchy without using absolute references. Coded worked fine, but inspect didn't. Was this gaffe on my part? Or was inspect supposed to handle it? Could you provide an example? Simple example My PYTHONPATH points to /python I have the following: /python/packages __init.py__ /containers __init.py__ module1.py module2.py So basically module2 depends on module1. So within module2.py I was I was doing import module1 instead of import packages.containers.module1. My code ran ok, but the functions in the inspect module weren't able to handle it (getfile was the source of the problem). I tried it with Python 2.5 on Windows XP and couldn't make it fail. Perhaps it is specific to the Mac, or perhaps it depends on other details like __init__.py contents, order of imports, or how specifically you import things. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
On May 5, 6:30 pm, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: John Machin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] You can't say that you have documented the behaviour when you haven't published files that exhibit the alleged behaviour. Fine. I have observed this behavior. The files are not appropriate for posting. I do not yet have a minimum case. But surely I am not the first to notice this! Alan Isaac PS I'll send you the files off list. I got the files and tested them, and indeed got different results depending on whether or not there was a pyc file. I haven't looked at the source files in great detail yet, but I will. I would certainly agree that there's a bug going on here; we just need to narrow down the problem (ie come up with a minimum case). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: module console
On May 5, 7:29 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Can I get the console to behave like it's in a module?
So far I have inspect.getsource() working by setting the filename and
linenumbers of the return from compiler.parse(). I'm looking too. -me
This at least gets a instance loaded; we'll see.
import imp
m=imp.new_module('aname')
class A: pass
m.A=A
from pickle import *
m.A.__module__='aname'
import sys
sys.modules['aname']=m
a=m.A()
loads(dumps(a))
#fb: aname.A instance at 0x00B4F148
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Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 5, 6:28 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm not sure what your skill level is, but I would suggest studying the code, starting in on a patch for one or more of these features, and then corresponding with the module's maintainers to improve your patch to the point where it can be accepted. I'll consider creating a new PCRE module for Python that uses the latest version PCRE library. It'll depend on my time availability, but I can write Python extensions, and I haven't used PCRE in a long time, and I recall it was a bit of a hassle, but I could get it done. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 5, 10:06 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -1 on this from me. In the past 10 years as a professional programmer, I've used the wierd extended regex features maybe 5 times total, whether it be in Perl or Python. In contrast, I've had to work around the slowness of PCRE-style engines by forking off a grep() or something similar practically every other month. I use these complex features every month on my job, and performance is rarely an issue, at least for our particular application of PCRE. By the way, if you're concerned about performance, you should be interested on once-only subpatterns. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python regular expressions just ain't PCRE
On May 5, 10:44 pm, John Machin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
UTF-8 Unicode is meaningless. Python has internal unicode string
objects, with comprehensive support for converting to/from str (8-bit)
string objects. The re module supports unicode patterns and strings.
PCRE supports patterns and strings which are encoded in UTF-8. This
is quite different, a kludge, incomparable. Operations which inspect/
modify UTF-8-encoded data are of interest only to folk who are
constrained to use a language which has nothing resembling a proper
unicode datatype.
Sure, I know it's a mediocre support for Unicode for an application,
but we're not talking an application here. If I get the PCRE module
done, I'll just PyArg_ParseTuple(args, et#, utf-8, str, len),
which will be fine for Python's Unicode support and what PCRE does,
and I won't have to deal with this string at all so I couldn't care
less how it's encoded and if I have proper Unicode support in C or
not. (I'm unsure of how Pyrex or SWIG would treat this so I'll just
hand-craft it. It's not like it would be complex; most of the magic
will be pure C, dealing with PCRE's API.)
There's also the YAGNI factor; most folk would restrict using regular
expressions to simple grep-like functionality and data validation --
e.g. re.match([A-Z][A-Z]?[0-9]{6}[0-9A]$, idno). The few who want to
recognise yet another little language tend to reach for parsers, using
regular expressions only in the lexing phase.
Well, I find these features very useful. I've used a complex, LALR
parser to parse complex grammars, but I've solved many problems with
just the PCRE lib. Either way seeing nobody's interested on these
features, I'll see if I can expose PCRE to Python myself; it sounds
like the fairest solution because it doesn't even deal with the re
module - you can do whatever you want with it (though I'd rather have
it stay as it is or enhance it), and I'll still have PCRE. That's if I
find the time to do it though, even having no life.
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Re: File names and file objects [was Re: My Python annoyances]
Steven D'Aprano [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... What do people think about functions that accept either a file name or a file object? def handle_file(obj): if type(obj) == str: need_to_close = True obj = file(obj, 'r') else: need_to_close = False do_something_with(obj.read()) if need_to_close: data.close() Good idea? Bad idea? Just a matter of personal preference? Acceptable as an idea, but a disaster in terms of this specific implementation (as coded, it would reject a Unicode string, or any other string-like object, for example). Also, if all you're going to do with the file is .read() it in one big gulp, there's no real advantage to this approach, either. Assuming the way you're going to use the file-like object is subtler (e.g., loop line by line so that huge files can be processed without overwhelming memory), then a better implementation may be warranted: def handle_file(file_or_path): try: f = open(file_or_path) finis = f.close except TypeError: f = file_or_path def finis(): pass try: for line in f: ... finally: finis() This version accepts anything that open is happy with, or else any sequence of lines, including but not limited to a file or file-like object open for reading. Now this, it seems to me, is a helpful approach to polymorphism. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Weekly Python Patch/Bug Summary
Patch / Bug Summary ___ Patches : 360 open ( +4) / 3760 closed ( +4) / 4120 total ( +8) Bugs: 971 open ( +3) / 6683 closed (+10) / 7654 total (+13) RFE : 257 open ( +3) / 282 closed ( +0) / 539 total ( +3) New / Reopened Patches __ test_1686475 of test_os pagefile.sys (2007-04-28) http://python.org/sf/1709112 opened by A.B., Khalid run test_1565150(test_os.py) only on NTFS (2007-04-29) http://python.org/sf/1709599 opened by Hirokazu Yamamoto Update locale.__all__ (2007-04-30) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1710352 opened by Humberto Diógenes PEP 318 -- add resolution and XRef (2007-05-01) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1710853 opened by Jim Jewett PEP 3132: extended unpacking (2007-05-02) http://python.org/sf/1711529 opened by Georg Brandl syslog syscall support for SysLogLogger (2007-05-02) http://python.org/sf/1711603 opened by Luke-Jr fix for bug 1712742 (2007-05-04) http://python.org/sf/1713041 opened by Raghuram Devarakonda Fix warnings related to PyLong_FromVoidPtr (2007-05-05) http://python.org/sf/1713234 opened by Hirokazu Yamamoto Patches Closed __ Picky floats (2006-04-28) http://python.org/sf/1478364 closed by loewis Update locale.__all__ (2007-05-01) http://python.org/sf/1710352 closed by gbrandl Use MoveFileEx() to implement os.rename() on windows (2007-04-20) http://python.org/sf/1704547 closed by loewis PEP 318 -- add resolution and XRef (2007-05-01) http://python.org/sf/1710853 closed by gbrandl New / Reopened Bugs ___ test_1686475 fails when pagefile.sys does not exist (2007-04-28) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1709282 opened by Calvin Spealman test_1686475 fails because pagefile.sys does not exist (2007-04-28) http://python.org/sf/1709284 opened by Calvin Spealman struct.calcsize() incorrect (2007-04-29) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1709506 opened by JoelBondurant Tutorial - Section 8.3 - type 'instance' (2007-04-30) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1710295 opened by elrond79 zipfile.ZipFile behavior inconsistent. (2007-05-01) http://python.org/sf/1710703 opened by Mark Flacy Ctrl+Shift block marking by words (2007-05-01) http://python.org/sf/1710718 opened by zorkin subprocess must escape redirection characters under win32 (2007-05-01) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1710802 opened by Patrick Mézard CGIHttpServer leaves traces of previous requests in env (2007-05-03) http://python.org/sf/1711605 opened by Steve Cassidy CGIHttpServer fails if python exe has spaces (2007-05-03) http://python.org/sf/1711608 opened by Steve Cassidy SequenceMatcher bug with insert/delete block after replace (2007-05-03) http://python.org/sf/1711800 opened by Christian Hammond __getslice__ changes integer arguments (2007-05-03) http://python.org/sf/1712236 opened by Imri Goldberg Cannot use dict with unicode keys as keyword arguments (2007-05-04) http://python.org/sf/1712419 opened by Viktor Ferenczi urllib.quote throws exception on Unicode URL (2007-05-04) http://python.org/sf/1712522 opened by John Nagle pprint handles depth argument incorrectly (2007-05-04) http://python.org/sf/1712742 opened by Dmitrii Tisnek character set in Japanese on Ubuntu distribution (2007-05-04) http://python.org/sf/1713252 opened by Christopher Grell Error inside logging module's documentation (2007-05-05) CLOSED http://python.org/sf/1713535 opened by billiejoex Bugs Closed ___ TimedRotatingFileHandler's doRollover opens file in w mode (2007-04-27) http://python.org/sf/1708538 closed by vsajip test_1686475 fails when pagefile.sys does not exist (2007-04-28) http://python.org/sf/1709282 deleted by ironfroggy struct.calcsize() incorrect (2007-04-29) http://python.org/sf/1709506 closed by loewis Tutorial - Section 8.3 - type 'instance' (2007-04-30) http://python.org/sf/1710295 closed by gbrandl Portability issue: os.rename behaves differently on win32 (2007-04-03) http://python.org/sf/1693753 closed by loewis subprocess must escape redirection characters under win32 (2007-05-01) http://python.org/sf/1710802 closed by astrand Bypassing __dict__ readonlyness (2005-09-24) http://python.org/sf/1303614 closed by arigo subclassing ModuleType and another built-in type (2005-04-01) http://python.org/sf/1174712 closed by arigo Error inside logging module documentation (2007-05-05) http://python.org/sf/1713535 closed by gbrandl New / Reopened RFE __ commands module (2007-05-05) http://python.org/sf/1713624 opened by Joseph Armbruster -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Emacs and pdb after upgrading to Ubuntu Feisty
I've been using pdb under emacs on an Ubuntu box to debug python programs. I just upgraded from Ubuntu Edgy to Feisty and this combo has stopped working. Python is at 2.5.1 now, and emacs is at 21.41.1. It used to be I could just M-x pdb RET pdb script-name RET and be presented with a prompt where I could debug my script, as well as an arrow in another source code buffer indicating where I am in the source code. Now however, when I do M-x pdb RET pdb ~/grabbers/npr-grabber.py -s WESUN, I get this is in a buffer called *gud*: Current directory is /home/levander/grabbers/ No prompt or anything follows it, just that one line. It doesn't pop up an arrow in the other buffer either. None of the regular commands like 'n', 's', or 'l' do anything here. So, I did a 'Ctrl-C' and got: /home/levander/grabbers/npr-grabber.py(24)module() - (Pdb) /home/levander/grabbers/npr-grabber.py(30)module() - import getopt (Pdb) Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/bin/pdb, line 1213, in main pdb._runscript(mainpyfile) File /usr/bin/pdb, line 1138, in _runscript self.run(statement, globals=globals_, locals=locals_) File bdb.py, line 366, in run exec cmd in globals, locals File string, line 1, in module File /home/levander/grabbers/npr-grabber.py, line 30, in module import getopt File /home/levander/grabbers/npr-grabber.py, line 30, in module import getopt File bdb.py, line 48, in trace_dispatch return self.dispatch_line(frame) File bdb.py, line 66, in dispatch_line self.user_line(frame) File /usr/bin/pdb, line 144, in user_line self.interaction(frame, None) File /usr/bin/pdb, line 187, in interaction self.cmdloop() File cmd.py, line 130, in cmdloop line = raw_input(self.prompt) KeyboardInterrupt Uncaught exception. Entering post mortem debugging Running 'cont' or 'step' will restart the program /home/levander/grabbers/cmd.py(151)cmdloop() - pass (Pdb) It's wierd because at the bottom of that call stack, it does look like it's wating for input, but no input works... And, after I hit Ctrl-C I do get a prompt as you see at the bottom of that listing just above. Now I type quit and get: Post mortem debugger finished. The /home/cponder/grabbers/npr- grabber.py will be restarted Anybody can tell me who to get pdb working under emacs on Ubuntu Feisty? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: My newbie annoyances so far
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Apr 27, 9:07 am, John Nagle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The CPython implementation is unreasonably slow compared to good implementations of other dynamic languages such as LISP and JavaScript. Why do you say CPython is slower than JavaScript? Please provide examples. See http://www.mozilla.org/projects/tamarin/faq.html Tamarin is a just-in-time compiler for Javascript. Franz LISP at one time held the speed record for LISP implementations, being only slightly slower than C. Python is generally considered to be about 60x slower than C, which is about par for the course for a naive byte code interpreter. John Nagle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: change of random state when pyc created??
On Sun, 06 May 2007 00:20:04 +, Alan Isaac wrote: Should you not expect to get the same result each time? Is that not the point of setting a constant seed each time you run the script? Yes. That is the problem. If I delete module2.pyc, I do not get the same result. I think you have missed what John Machin is pointing out. According to your original description, you get different results even if you DON'T delete module2.pyc. According to your original post, you get the _same_ behaviour the first time you run the script, regardless of the pyc file being deleted or not. You wrote: [quote] module1 sets a seed like this:: if __name__ == __main__: random.seed(314) main() I execute module1.py from the (Windows) shell. I get a result, let's call it result1. I execute it again. I get another result, say result2. Running it again and again, I get result2. [end quote] So, with module2.pyc file existing, you get result1 the first time you execute module1.py, and then you get result2 every time from then onwards. How is that different from what you wrote next? [quote] Now I delete module2.pyc. I execute module1.py from the shell. I get result1. I execute it again; I get result2. From then on I get result2, unless I delete module.pyc again, in which case I once again get result1. [end quote] You get the same behaviour with or without module2.pyc: the first run of the script gives different results from subsequent runs. You can reset that first run by deleting module2.pyc. I'm still perplexed how this is possible, but now I'm more perplexed. If you want to send me the modules, I will have a look at them as well. Many eyes make for shallow bugs... -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ python-Bugs-1713535 ] Error inside logging module's documentation
Bugs item #1713535, was opened at 2007-05-05 20:01
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Category: None
Group: None
Status: Open
Resolution: None
Priority: 5
Private: No
Submitted By: billiejoex (billiejoex)
Assigned to: Nobody/Anonymous (nobody)
Summary: Error inside logging module's documentation
Initial Comment:
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-logging.html
Inside the explanation of logging.debug an example code is showed:
FORMAT = %(asctime)-15s %(clientip)s %(user)-8s %(message)s
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)
dict = { 'clientip' : '192.168.0.1', 'user' : 'fbloggs' }
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
In the code dict is created but never used.
When logging.warning is called the author use the argument 'd' instead of
'dict' and no reference to 'd' exists:
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
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[ python-Bugs-1713535 ] Error inside logging module documentation
Bugs item #1713535, was opened at 2007-05-05 20:01
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Category: None
Group: None
Status: Open
Resolution: None
Priority: 1
Private: No
Submitted By: billiejoex (billiejoex)
Assigned to: Nobody/Anonymous (nobody)
Summary: Error inside logging module documentation
Initial Comment:
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-logging.html
Inside the explanation of logging.debug an example code is showed:
FORMAT = %(asctime)-15s %(clientip)s %(user)-8s %(message)s
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)
dict = { 'clientip' : '192.168.0.1', 'user' : 'fbloggs' }
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
In the code dict is created but never used.
When logging.warning is called the author use the argument 'd' instead of
'dict' and no reference to 'd' exists:
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
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[ python-Bugs-1713535 ] Error inside logging module documentation
Bugs item #1713535, was opened at 2007-05-05 20:01
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Category: None
Group: None
Status: Open
Resolution: None
Priority: 5
Private: No
Submitted By: billiejoex (billiejoex)
Assigned to: Nobody/Anonymous (nobody)
Summary: Error inside logging module documentation
Initial Comment:
http://docs.python.org/lib/module-logging.html
Inside the explanation of logging.debug an example code is showed:
FORMAT = %(asctime)-15s %(clientip)s %(user)-8s %(message)s
logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)
dict = { 'clientip' : '192.168.0.1', 'user' : 'fbloggs' }
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
In the code dict is created but never used.
When logging.warning is called the author use the argument 'd' instead of
'dict' and no reference to 'd' exists:
logging.warning(Protocol problem: %s, connection reset, extra=d)
--
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[ python-Bugs-1566331 ] Bad behaviour in ossaudio audio device.obuf*
Bugs item #1566331, was opened at 2006-09-27 13:19 Message generated for change (Comment added) made by rluse You can respond by visiting: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detailatid=105470aid=1566331group_id=5470 Please note that this message will contain a full copy of the comment thread, including the initial issue submission, for this request, not just the latest update. Category: Extension Modules Group: Python 2.4 Status: Open Resolution: None Priority: 5 Private: No Submitted By: Sam Dennis (samdennis) Assigned to: Greg Ward (gward) Summary: Bad behaviour in ossaudio audio device.obuf* Initial Comment: The _ssize() function in ossaudiodev.c (2.4.3, but it's the same in svn) calls SNDCTL_SET_CHANNELS with channels=0 as part of an attempt to determine the total number of samples per second for the current configuration of the audio device, but as far as I can tell this is not guaranteed to act as a query and at least two implementations treat it as a request for a monaural format (the ALSA pcm-oss module and the alsa-oss library). What this can safely be replaced with I don't know; both Linux's OSS drivers and ALSA support SOUND_PCM_READ_CHANNELS but this is not standard to the best of my knowledge. Storing the value returned when the program calls .setfmt or .setparameters may be an option. -- Comment By: Bob Luse (rluse) Date: 2007-05-06 03:41 Message: Logged In: YES user_id=1688601 Originator: NO I just wanted to confirm that this is problem for me as well when I run this. I am writing an application where I need to get buffer information when I am running with 2 channels. This is a quite normal situation these days. I assume that the change is made to mono because in OSS mono is the default, so that it will work with what is now quite ancient hardware. But, requesting the buffer size should not cause such a dramatic error. I don't understand why this is such a problem. Could there be a parameter for number of channels since you cannot request the buffer size unless you have already setup the hardware giving the number of channels? So even if the System cannot figure out the number of channels, your application knows it and can tell it. Granted, it is a kluge, but it is a kluge that can work whereas currently whenever you request buffer information the speed of your sound is cut in half making the obuf commands unusable. Possibly another solution would be to remove these commands until they work. I did notice that the program does reference SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS. Is SOUND_PCM_WRITE_CHANNELS standard and SOUND_PCM_READ_CHANNELS not standard? I don't know that that is not true, but it does seem strange. -- You can respond by visiting: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detailatid=105470aid=1566331group_id=5470 ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[ python-Bugs-1707768 ] os.path.normpath changes path (chops of trailing slash)
Bugs item #1707768, was opened at 2007-04-26 01:44
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Category: Python Library
Group: Python 2.5
Status: Open
Resolution: None
Priority: 5
Private: No
Submitted By: Robert Siemer (siemer)
Assigned to: Nobody/Anonymous (nobody)
Summary: os.path.normpath changes path (chops of trailing slash)
Initial Comment:
Hello everybody!
os.path.normpath('/etc/passwd')
'/etc/passwd'
I don't know any environment at all where
a) '/etc/passwd/'
b) '/etc/passwd'
are treated the same. It clearly does not apply for the path part of http urls
(this is left as an exercise for the reader).
But it also does not apply for (e.g.) Linux either:
an open() on path a) return ENOTDIR while it succeeds with b).
(assuming /etc/passwd is a file)
This is definitively not a documentation bug, as normpath should normalize a
path and not fuck it up.
Robert
--
Comment By: Robert Siemer (siemer)
Date: 2007-05-06 06:15
Message:
Logged In: YES
user_id=150699
Originator: YES
1) I (submitter) didn't specify what I expected to see:
os.path.normpath('/etc/passwd/') -- '/etc/passwd/'
So, I agree with the latest consensus, but definitely not with the
/etc/passwd/. version...
2) I can't draw any explicit normalization rules from the excerpts of the
POSIX standard posted by iszegedi. Saying that dir/ should be treated as
dir/. doesn't mean that it is the normalized version of the first one. -
I actually read implicitly that the first one is the habitual one that
needs interpretation.
And I think everybody agrees that - beeing the same or not - dir/. is
unusual.
3) I don't know what this is good for in the proposal:
path = path.rstrip()
It removes significant whitespace from the path, what must be avoided.
--
Comment By: Istvan Szegedi (iszegedi)
Date: 2007-05-01 20:05
Message:
Logged In: YES
user_id=1772412
Originator: NO
I must admit that josm's comments make sense: in fact, I quickly tried out
how mkdir command from a bash shell would behave and it does the same:
# mkdir hello
# rmdir hello/.
Invalid argument
whereas
# rmdir hello/
works fine. I also wrote a small C program using mkdir() and rmdir()
functions and they behave exactly the same as mkdir/rmdir from bash (well,
no real suprise).
My suggestion to get the original issue fixed was based on POSIX standard
and apparently the Linux commands are not fully POSIX compliant, either...
Or do I misunderstand the quotes from the standard? Anyway, it is pretty
easy to modify my fix to be inline with Linux commands and C functions -
everything could be the same, apart from the last line where I added /.
-- this should be only /. So the entire function could look like this:
-- clip --
def normpath(path):
Normalize path, eliminating double slashes, etc.
if path == '':
return '.'
initial_slashes = path.startswith('/')
# The next two lines were added by iszegedi
path = path.rstrip()
trailing_slash = path.endswith('/')
# POSIX allows one or two initial slashes, but treats three or more
# as single slash.
if (initial_slashes and
path.startswith('//') and not path.startswith('///')):
initial_slashes = 2
comps = path.split('/')
new_comps = []
for comp in comps:
if comp in ('', '.'):
continue
if (comp != '..' or (not initial_slashes and not new_comps) or
(new_comps and new_comps[-1] == '..')):
new_comps.append(comp)
elif new_comps:
new_comps.pop()
comps = new_comps
path = '/'.join(comps)
if initial_slashes:
path = '/'*initial_slashes + path
# The next two lines were added by iszegedi
if trailing_slash:
path = path + '/'
return path or '.'
-- clip --
Nevertheless, I would really appreciate to receive some comments from
POSIX gurus, how they see this problem.
--
Comment By: jos (josm)
Date: 2007-04-30 08:48
Message:
Logged In: YES
user_id=1776568
Originator: NO
I think we should be careful enough to tackle on this.
iszegedi's patch seems to work correctly,
but XBD's spec itself has some defect.
http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag-review/msg01722.html
What do you think of the follow behavior?
os.mkdir('dir/')
os.mkdir('dir2/')
os.rmdir(os.path.normpath('dir'))
os.rmdir(os.path.normpath('dir2/'))
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
OSError: [Errno 22] Invalid argument: 'dir2/.'
