Re: How to display unicode with the CGI module?
paul wrote: However, this will change in py3k..., what's the new rule of thumb? In py3k, the str type will be what unicode is now, and there will be a new type called bytes for holding binary data -- including text in some external encoding. These two types will not be compatible. At the lowest level, reading a file will return bytes, which then have to be decoded to produce a (unicode) str, and a str will have to be encoded into bytes before being written to a file. There will be wrappers for text files that perform the decoding and encoding automatically, but they will need to be set up to use a specified encoding if you're dealing with anything other than ascii. (It may be possible to set up a system-wide default, I'm not sure.) So you won't be able to get away with ignoring encoding issues in py3k. On the plus side, it should all be handled in a much more consistent and less error-prone way. If you mistakenly try to use encoded data as though it were decoded data or vice versa, you'll get a type error. -- Greg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
Kelie wrote: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv You can use slicing: def chunks(items, n): ... return [items[start:start+n] for n in range(0, len(items)-n+1, n)] ... for i in range(1,10): ... print chunks(range(5), i) ... [[0], [1], [2], [3], [4]] [[0, 1], [2, 3]] [[0, 1, 2]] [[0, 1, 2, 3]] [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]] [] [] [] [] Or build a generator that works with arbitrary iterables: from itertools import * def chunks(items, n): ... items = iter(items) ... while 1: ... chunk = list(islice(items, n-1)) ... chunk.append(items.next()) ... yield chunk ... list(chunks(range(5), 2)) [[0, 1], [2, 3]] Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to display unicode with the CGI module?
coldpizza wrote: I am always confused as to which one to use: encode() or decode(); In unicode land, an encoding is a method of representing unicode data in an external format. So you encode unicode data in order to send it into the outside world, and you decode it in order to turn it back into unicode data. It'll be easier to get right in py3k, because bytes will only have a decode() method and str will only have an encode() method. It is funny that encode() and decode() omit the name of the other encoding (Unicode ucs2?), Unicode objects don't *have* an encoding. UCS2 is not an encoding, it's an internal storage format. You're not supposed to need to know or care about it, and it could be different between different Python builds. Another wierd thing is that by default Python converts internal Unicode to ascii. It's the safest assumption. Python is refusing the temptation to guess the encoding of anything outside the range 0-127 if you don't tell it. -- Greg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: basic if stuff- testing ranges
Donn Ingle wrote: x in range(1,20) ? Sure, that's okay, but it has clarity issues, and is calling a func. and it requires that x is integral (1.0 is in the range, 1.001 is not), and becomes dog slow when the range gets larger. Not a good idea. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 9:42 am, Kelie [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv Thanks! x = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8'] def divide_list(lst, n): rv = [] for i in range(int(round((len(lst)/n),0))): rv.append(lst[i*n:(i+1)*n]) return rv tmp = divide_list(x, 3) tmp [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']] One way to do it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing modules via setuptools in a script
* Ben Finney (Mon, 26 Nov 2007 09:04:51 +1100)
Thorsten Kampe [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
* Robert Kern (Sat, 24 Nov 2007 16:33:37 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
can anyone give me a short code snippet how to install a missing
module via setuptools (assuming setuptools is already
installed)?!
The recommended way to handle dependencies using setuptools is to
specify them in the install_requires metadata in the setup()
function call in your setup.py:
It's just a simple script - no package. So I don't even have a
setup.py.
The recommended way of installing a simple script that has
dependencies is to write a setup.py for the simple script, so that you
can declare its dependencies and have them checked on install.
Yes, I know. But this script is not going to be installed - just run.
And therefore I'd like to know if it's possible to install missing
dependencies in the script itself via importing setuptools. Or do I
have to use subprocess('easy_install')?
Thorsten
--
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Re: How to Teach Python Variables
none wrote: IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings from names to objects. If you're talking to C programmers, just tell them that Python variables always contain pointers. That should give them the right mental model to build on. -- Greg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Tk 8.5
Hello, According to the tk wiki, the final release of Tcl/Tk is just weeks away (see http://wiki.tcl.tk/12753). Does anyone know if the Tk enhancements will be in Python 2.6? Since I don't use tk but I do use Python and Tkinter (and Tix) extensively, I'm excited about these long-awaited changes. Thanks, Ron -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
Chris [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: for i in range(int(round((len(lst)/n),0))): ... Ugh!!! Not even correct (under future division), besides being ugly. I think you mean: for i in xrange(len(lst) // n): ... Really though, this grouping function gets reimplemented so often that it should be built into the stdlib, maybe in itertools. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
On Nov 25, 2007 6:19 PM, @bag.python.org none wrote: IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings from names to objects. Does anyone have a link? Perhaps you mean: http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm -- Cheers, Simon B. [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ GTalk: simon.brunning | MSN: small_values | Yahoo: smallvalues -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: i want to know what is the problem in this code
nani a écrit : i am getting the following error for below code (snip) C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache2\cgi-bin\hello.py in () 7 8 val = cgi.FieldStorage() 9 name = val[name].value (snip) type 'exceptions.KeyError': 'name' Obviously there's no 'name' argument in the http request. Remember that html forms dont return key/value pairs for empty (not selected / whatever) fields. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 10:51 am, Paul Rubin http://[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Chris [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: for i in range(int(round((len(lst)/n),0))): ... Ugh!!! Not even correct (under future division), besides being ugly. I think you mean: for i in xrange(len(lst) // n): ... Really though, this grouping function gets reimplemented so often that it should be built into the stdlib, maybe in itertools. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, but true... Looks crap :p -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
Kelie [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv Thanks! See the last recipe from: http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-recipes.html. It's not doing quite the same thing, but gives an illustration of one way to approach this sort of thing. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
greg [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: none wrote: IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings from names to objects. If you're talking to C programmers, just tell them that Python variables always contain pointers. That should give them the right mental model to build on. That is a convenient shortcut when it works, but in my experience it tends to confuse the issue. The reason is that one of the main uses of pointers in C is implementing pass-by-reference. A C programmer told that Python variables internally hold pointers expects this code: def func(a): a = 10 ... func(x) to change the value of x. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing modules via setuptools in a script
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
* Robert Kern (Sat, 24 Nov 2007 16:33:37 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
can anyone give me a short code snippet how to install a missing
module via setuptools (assuming setuptools is already installed)?!
Something like this:
try:
import missing_module
except import_error
import setuptools
setuptools.whatever.install(missing_module)
The recommended way to handle dependencies using setuptools is to specify
them
in the install_requires metadata in the setup() function call in your
setup.py:
It's just a simple script - no package. So I don't even have a
setup.py.
However, if you have special needs that really do require downloading the
dependency at runtime instead of install-time:
#
http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PkgResources#workingset-methods-and-attributes
import pkg_resources
pkg_resources.resolve('some_package = 1.0')
pkg_resources.resolve('another_package')
import some_package
import another_package
[5] pkg_resources.working_set.resolve('betterprint')
--
-
AttributeErrorTraceback (most recent call
last)
F:\program files\python\ipython console in module()
F:\program files\python\lib\site-packages\setuptools-0.6c5-py2.5.egg
\pkg_resou
rces.py in resolve(self=pkg_resources.WorkingSet object at
0x01457710, requi
rements=['n', 'i', 'r', 'p', 'r', 'e', 't', 't', 'e', 'b'], env=None,
installe
r=None)
472 # Ignore cyclic or redundant dependencies
473 continue
-- 474 dist = best.get(req.key)
dist = undefined
best.get = built-in method get of dict object at 0x016BC660
req.key = undefined
475 if dist is None:
476 # Find the best distribution and add it to the
map
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'key'
My apologies for misleading you. There is no easy way to do this. Here is a
roundabout way which might be suitable for a throwaway hack script. If it's not
a throwaway hack script, then please heed Ben's advice. Alternatively, just
distribute betterprint along with your script and save yourself the headache.
In [1]: import betterprint
---
ImportError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/rkern/ipython console in module()
ImportError: No module named betterprint
In [2]: import pkg_resources
In [3]: from setuptools.dist import Distribution
In [4]:
pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(pkg_resources.parse_requirements('betterprint'),
installer=Distribution().fetch_build_egg)
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Installed /Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg
Out[4]: [betterprint 0.1 (/Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg)]
--
Robert Kern
I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma
that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had
an underlying truth.
-- Umberto Eco
--
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Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
Hi,
First of all, since this is my first mail to Python-List, I want to say
Hello world!
After that;
I am stuck in a project. Actually I am writing a module (for testing now),
which takes URL, parses it, finds which modules and then which method to
call or which class to initiate and which string to load.
So far, I have done some basic URL manipulation and validation and extracted
the name of modules in a dict
{
'ModuleName-1': None,
'ModuleName-2': None
--ETC--
}
Now I want your help about how to call the function i.e _render() in the
module. I have to iterate it calling all modules/also Class.methods and
assinging the values in dict for each key as modulename.
Means,
just take that moduleName is a string which contains the name of module to
load.
FuncName is the string which contains the name of def function to call
clName is the string which contains the name of the Class, which is to init
and get returned object.
means everything in string.
ALso, if there are multiple methods to do it, if you provide a little
pros/cons and comments, it would really be very nice of you.
Before I came here, I have searched Google, and found a way
hasattr()/getattr(), but that confused me a little and didnt worked for me.
I am missing something I know, so please ENLIGHTEN Me :)
Thanks in advance EVen you read this mail :P
--
-=Ravi=-
--
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Re: basic if stuff- testing ranges
The output of the following program might help: Hey, nifty! Thanks Paddy. \d -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
Well, I don't know all the answers, but you can start here: def boobs(): print Oohh little birds! b=boobs eval(b)() Ohhh little birds! Naturally, eval is going to run anything... Even code to format your drive. HTH \d -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to display unicode with the CGI module?
greg schrieb: paul wrote: However, this will change in py3k..., what's the new rule of thumb? [snipp] So you won't be able to get away with ignoring encoding issues in py3k. On the plus side, it should all be handled in a much more consistent and less error-prone way. If you mistakenly try to use encoded data as though it were decoded data or vice versa, you'll get a type error. Thanks for your detailed answer. In fact, having encode() only for str and decode() for byte will simplify things a lot. I guess implicit encode() of str when using print() will stay but having utf-8 as the new default encoding will reduce the number of UnicodeError. You'll get weird characters instead ;) cheers Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
regex and IGNORECASE
Hi all, I have a problem with regex , utf-8 chars and IGNORECASE re.search(u'é', u'qwért', re.IGNORECASE) _sre.SRE_Match object at 0x2ed0c100 Here everything is ok. re.search(u'É', u'qwért', re.IGNORECASE) Here that doesn't work. but: print u'é'.upper() É is it a bug in IGNORECASE option? Thanks for your help -- Yann -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
C pointer representation in python
Hi I am new to SWIG and python. I have a problem while trying to call a C function from Python using SWIG as an interface. The function is defined as follows. void* myfunc(TfichierDLR *fichier, char *nom, char *type, char *txt, char *classe, TicThemeDLR *icTheme, int **num, int *ier) The last two are output parameters (**num and *ier) and i wonder how to represent those while calling from python. Especially 'num' being a double pointer is tricky to handle. Also how can we represent the return variable which is a null pointer. I would be extremely pleased to hear any ideas/suggestions in this regard. Regards Arun -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: regex and IGNORECASE
On Nov 26, 9:53 pm, Yann Le Boulanger [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, I have a problem with regex , utf-8 chars and IGNORECASE re.search(u'é', u'qwért', re.IGNORECASE) _sre.SRE_Match object at 0x2ed0c100 Here everything is ok. re.search(u'É', u'qwért', re.IGNORECASE) Here that doesn't work. but: print u'é'.upper() É is it a bug in IGNORECASE option? ... or poor documentation of a not-very-intuitive API? re.search(u'\xc9', u'qw\xe9rt', re.IGNORECASE) re.search(u'\xc9', u'qw\xe9rt', re.IGNORECASE + re.UNICODE) _sre.SRE_Match object at 0x00DC14F0 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[announce] WARPY, Nov. 29, Warsaw, Poland
I'm pleased to announce the first WARsaw PYthoneers meeting which will be held Nov. 29 at 7 p.m. on Politechnika Warszawska, 15/19 Nowowiejska st., Warsaw, Poland. More information (in Polish) can be found at http://7thguard.net/news.php?id=5721 and in an announcement made on pl.comp.lang.python. See you there! -- Jarek Zgoda Skype: jzgoda | GTalk: [EMAIL PROTECTED] | voice: +48228430101 We read Knuth so you don't have to. (Tim Peters) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to change current working directory while using pdb within emacs
On Nov 21, 1:28 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
duyanningwrote:
I have written a pyhton script that will process data file in current
working directory.
My script is in an different directory to data file.
When I debug this script using pdb within emacs, emacs will change the
current working directory to the directory which include the script,
so my script cannot find the data file.
I think this is the problem of emacs because when I start pdb from
console directly, it will not change current working directory to the
one of script being debugged.
Just issue
import os
os.chdir('whatever')
inside the pdb-session. Unfortunate, but should work.
Diez
thank you! my friend.
--
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Add speller to Python application
I need to add spell checking to my Python application (for Windows). Any ideas on where to start? Thanks, Helzer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Add speller to Python application
helzer napisał(a): I need to add spell checking to my Python application (for Windows). Any ideas on where to start? There is Python2.4 compatible binary of aspell-python available at http://www.wmula.republika.pl/proj/aspell-python/index-c.html -- Jarek Zgoda Skype: jzgoda | GTalk: [EMAIL PROTECTED] | voice: +48228430101 We read Knuth so you don't have to. (Tim Peters) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: i want to know what is the problem in this code
nani wrote: i am getting the following error for below code type 'exceptions.KeyError' Python 2.5.1: C:\Python25\python.exe Mon Nov 26 10:13:17 2007 A problem occurred in a Python script. Here is the sequence of function calls leading up to the error, in the order they occurred. C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache2\cgi-bin\hello.py in () 7 8 val = cgi.FieldStorage() 9 name = val[name].value 10 time_from = val[time_from].value 11 time_to = val[time_to].value name undefined, val = FieldStorage(None, None, []), ].value = [] C:\Python25\lib\cgi.py in __getitem__(self=FieldStorage(None, None, []), key='name') 565 if item.name == key: found.append(item) 566 if not found: 567 raise KeyError, key 568 if len(found) == 1: 569 return found[0] builtin KeyError = type 'exceptions.KeyError', key = 'name' type 'exceptions.KeyError': 'name' #!C:/Python25/python.exe import cgi import cgitb; cgitb.enable() print Content-Type: text/html print val = cgi.FieldStorage() name = val[name].value time_from = val[time_from].value time_to = val[time_to].value html = html body h1 Hello %s from %s to %s /h1 /body /html print html%(name, time_from, time_to) html page is... html body form action=C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/cgi-bin/ hello.py table tr td Enter your name: /td td input type=text name=name value= / /td /tr tr td Time from: /td td input type=text name=time_from value= / / td /tr tr td Time to: /td td input type=text name=time_to value= / / td /tr tr td colspan=2 align=center input type=submit value=Click Here / /td /tr /table /form /body /html Looks like the text field name is empty when submitin the form, and cgi.FieldStorage() -no args- does not build the key/pair for empty textfields. You can use the keep_blank_values=1 arg in FieldStorage() if you want force the key/pair to be generated anyway. Cheers. Gerardo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
howto write matplotlib backend?
Somewhere on http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net or elsewhere I found some hints how to get started writing a new backend for matplotlib. It mentioned some almost empty kind of template that you could extend for your needs. I cannot find this description again. Would somebody help, please? Cheers Mihail -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
On Nov 24, 2007 11:55 AM, jakub silar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Below is my coding standard - I'm lazy, even lazy to persuade comutinties into strange (imho) language syntax extensions. class Vector: def __init__(s, x, y, z): s.x = x s.y = y s.z = z def abs(s): return math.sqrt(s.x * s.x + s.y * s.y + s.z * s.z) Admit that changing habits may be more difficult then to change a language syntax. Yes, indeed. A self-reference prefix like s, T, _ or even my would be enough characters shorter than self. But self *is* the convention and just because the language allows you to break it doesn't mean that it is not horribly wrong to do so. :) -- mvh Björn -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Add speller to Python application
http://pyenchant.sourceforge.net/ helzer wrote: I need to add spell checking to my Python application (for Windows). Any ideas on where to start? Thanks, Helzer -- Shane Geiger IT Director National Council on Economic Education [EMAIL PROTECTED] | 402-438-8958 | http://www.ncee.net Leading the Campaign for Economic and Financial Literacy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing modules via setuptools in a script
* Robert Kern (Mon, 26 Nov 2007 04:34:17 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
* Robert Kern (Sat, 24 Nov 2007 16:33:37 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
can anyone give me a short code snippet how to install a missing
module via setuptools (assuming setuptools is already installed)?!
Something like this:
try:
import missing_module
except import_error
import setuptools
setuptools.whatever.install(missing_module)
The recommended way to handle dependencies using setuptools is to specify
them
in the install_requires metadata in the setup() function call in your
setup.py:
It's just a simple script - no package. So I don't even have a
setup.py.
[...]
My apologies for misleading you. There is no easy way to do this. Here is a
roundabout way which might be suitable for a throwaway hack script. If it's
not
a throwaway hack script, then please heed Ben's advice. Alternatively, just
distribute betterprint along with your script and save yourself the headache.
In [1]: import betterprint
---
ImportError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/rkern/ipython console in module()
ImportError: No module named betterprint
In [2]: import pkg_resources
In [3]: from setuptools.dist import Distribution
In [4]:
pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(pkg_resources.parse_requirements('betterprint'),
installer=Distribution().fetch_build_egg)
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Installed /Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg
Out[4]: [betterprint 0.1 (/Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg)]
Okay, works for me, thanks. Is there an option to have the downloaded
module installed into the site-packages directory (and not into the
current)?
Thorsten
--
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Re: Handling Menubars in WXGlade
On Nov 23, 7:57 am, jatin patni [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I recently started working on WXGlade... I found some amount of documentation online I am having problems integrating event handlers with MenubarsI want each menu item to open a new window with custom made controls...but I can't find it anywhere.Writing event handler is secondary actually...How can I attach each menu item with a custom dialog or another window Actually, using the handler would be primary, not secondary. Here's how I would do it. I would bind each menu item to a separate handler and within the handler I would call instantiate the window or dialog. For example, below I bind my Save menu item to a handler called onSave. self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onSave, save_menu_item) In the handler, I can save the programs input in many different ways. I could open a Save dialog to allow the user to choose where it gets saved, for example. Sorry for the newbie slangI am new to programming... Thanks -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ph: 91-9953411751http://jatinpatni.co.nr I would also recommend that you post to the wxPython user's group as they'll be much better suited to answering wx questions. Here's where you'd need to go: http://wxpython.org/maillist.php Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: eof
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: def xor(a, b): return a and not b or b and not a from operator import xor help(xor) Help on built-in function xor in module operator: xor(...) xor(a, b) -- Same as a ^ b. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
On Mon, Nov 26, 2007 at 04:07:03PM +0530, Ravi Kumar wrote regarding Need to
call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How:
Hi,
First of all, since this is my first mail to Python-List, I want to say
Hello world!
After that;
I am stuck in a project. Actually I am writing a module (for testing
now), which takes URL, parses it, finds which modules and then which
method to call or which class to initiate and which string to load.
So far, I have done some basic URL manipulation and validation and
extracted the name of modules in a dict
{
'ModuleName-1': None,
'ModuleName-2': None
--ETC--
}
Now I want your help about how to call the function i.e _render() in
the module. I have to iterate it calling all modules/also Class.methods
and assinging the values in dict for each key as modulename.
Means,
just take that moduleName is a string which contains the name of module
to load.
FuncName is the string which contains the name of def function to
call
clName is the string which contains the name of the Class, which is to
init and get returned object.
means everything in string.
ALso, if there are multiple methods to do it, if you provide a little
pros/cons and comments, it would really be very nice of you.
Before I came here, I have searched Google, and found a way
hasattr()/getattr(), but that confused me a little and didnt worked for
me. I am missing something I know, so please ENLIGHTEN Me :)
Thanks in advance EVen you read this mail :P
--
-=Ravi=-
I see someone already showed you eval. Eval is evil. Don't use it.
Especially if the functions are coming to you from a public URL!
You are on the right track putting the module names in a dictionary. Now tie
those dictionary keys to functions.
func = { 'function_a': function_a,
'function_b': function_b }
now you can call them as follows, with the desired function name extracted from
the URL into the variable f_request:
if f_request in func:
result = func[f_request]()
This way, users can't call functions you haven't explicitly added to the func
dictionary.
Cheers,
Cliff
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Re: basic if stuff- testing ranges
On Nov 25, 2007, at 9:49 PM, Donn Ingle wrote: if 0 x 20: print within That means if x LESS THAN 0 and x 20. Oh, bugger. It's tricky. So try if 0 x 20: Thanks. I was flipping signs in my tests, but I guess I flipped both and got myself all confused. Likely manuals: Tutorial Reference Tutorial: check contents, if statement looks possible, but no luck Yes, I got that far. Reference: check contents, comparisons looks possible, and Thanks again. I find the reference is laid-out in a way that I don't find intuitive and every time I look for something I fail. I even grep through the folder to get a clue, which shows how poor the index is (to me)! Then use one of the quick references here: http://rgruet.free.fr/. Erik Jones Software Developer | Emma® [EMAIL PROTECTED] 800.595.4401 or 615.292.5888 615.292.0777 (fax) Emma helps organizations everywhere communicate market in style. Visit us online at http://www.myemma.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: eof
On 2007-11-26, Boris Borcic [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: def xor(a, b): return a and not b or b and not a from operator import xor help(xor) Help on built-in function xor in module operator: xor(...) xor(a, b) -- Same as a ^ b. Which isn't the same thing: --testit.py-- import operator def xor(a,b): return a and not b or b and not a print xor(1,3), operator.xor(1,3) --testit.py-- $ python testit.py False 2 The user-defined xor is operates on logical boolean values. The one in the operator module is a bitwise operator. -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! My haircut is totally at traditional! visi.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Running unmodified CGI scripts persistently under mod_wsgi.
Graham Dumpleton wrote: The other question is whether there is even a demand for this. Do people want to be able to take unmodified Python CGI scripts and try to run them persistently in this way, or would they be better off converting them to proper WSGI applications. I would personally be interested in such an adapter. While recently considering whether to re-write a standalone mod_python application as CGI or WSGI, I was scared off by this paragraph from PEP333: - Note: although we refer to it as an application object, this should not be construed to mean that application developers will use WSGI as a web programming API! It is assumed that application developers will continue to use existing, high-level framework services to develop their applications. WSGI is a tool for framework and server developers, and is not intended to directly support application developers. - Do you have any thoughts about this warning? I'd much rather have the performance of mod_wsgi for my application, so if you can provide any mollifying views about WSGI's suitability for standalone applications my first choice would be to use WSGI directly. Regardless of its appropriateness for new applications, a CGI/WSGI adapter would still be useful for third-party CGI scripts that I have no interest in rewriting myself, as well as for the interim period during which my own CGI applications are being rewritten. It would be advantageous for the hosting company I work for, for example, to be able to boast that your python CGI scripts run faster on our mod_wsgi-enabled servers. Thank you, Jeffrey -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: basic if stuff- testing ranges
On Nov 26, 2007, at 2:29 AM, Peter Otten wrote: Donn Ingle wrote: x in range(1,20) ? Sure, that's okay, but it has clarity issues, and is calling a func. and it requires that x is integral (1.0 is in the range, 1.001 is not), and becomes dog slow when the range gets larger. Not a good idea. That is because range() is not a range in the abstract sense (i.e. simply defining bounds that can be tested for set membership) but are used to create lists (or, in the case of xrange(), successive values) between the bounds given in the params. So, saying x in range(1,20) is not asking if x is between 1 and 20 but, rather, if x is a member of the values genereated by the range function with params 1 and 20. So, yes, using range() Erik Jones Software Developer | Emma® [EMAIL PROTECTED] 800.595.4401 or 615.292.5888 615.292.0777 (fax) Emma helps organizations everywhere communicate market in style. Visit us online at http://www.myemma.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Code Management
Bluebird: If you are using python 2.5, relative imports are no longer an issue: http://docs.python.org/whatsnew/pep-328.html That problem solved, what you sometimes want is to change the version of your package. I just change the text in the PTH file, to point to another version, and voilá (no need to move files around or to mess with the code in the package itself). Probably you can write a script that changes the PTH file from python itself. Albert: Thanks, that looks useful. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: eof
Grant Edwards wrote: The user-defined xor is operates on logical boolean values. The one in the operator module is a bitwise operator. def xor(a, b): return bool(a) ^ bool(b) seems more explicit to me. maybe, to make more explicit (too much, onestly...) from operator import xor as bitwise_xor def logical_xor(a, b): return bitwise_xor(bool(a), bool(b)) -- Under construction -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
I see someone already showed you eval. Eval is evil. Don't use it. Especially if the functions are coming to you from a public URL! Yes, I suggested to him (by email) this: thisinstance = SomeObject.__class__.__dict__ Then you have a list of strings that may be function names, so: for f in yourlist: if f in thisinstance: eval(f)(params) Which would vet the functions too. \d -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mod_python
On Nov 24, 1:19 am, Vernon Wenberg III [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Why do I receive a File not found error on a perfect good and simple script but properly receive errors when I deliberately add errors in the script? The file is there, it just doesn't do anything. Any help would be appreciated. I'm guessing the file is okay, but something involving naming is wrong. Check the error log file(s). It may show that mod_py is looking inside the module and not finding the right function/method. As others have said, some sample code would help us help you... -- Aaron Watters === http://www.xfeedme.com/nucular/pydistro.py/go?FREETEXT=generate+muck -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 25, 10:51 pm, Paul Rubin http://[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Really though, this grouping function gets reimplemented so often that it should be built into the stdlib, maybe in itertools. thanks Paul. itertools? that was actually the first module i checked. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing modules via setuptools in a script
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
* Robert Kern (Mon, 26 Nov 2007 04:34:17 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
* Robert Kern (Sat, 24 Nov 2007 16:33:37 -0600)
Thorsten Kampe wrote:
can anyone give me a short code snippet how to install a missing
module via setuptools (assuming setuptools is already installed)?!
Something like this:
try:
import missing_module
except import_error
import setuptools
setuptools.whatever.install(missing_module)
The recommended way to handle dependencies using setuptools is to specify
them
in the install_requires metadata in the setup() function call in your
setup.py:
It's just a simple script - no package. So I don't even have a
setup.py.
[...]
My apologies for misleading you. There is no easy way to do this. Here is a
roundabout way which might be suitable for a throwaway hack script. If it's
not
a throwaway hack script, then please heed Ben's advice. Alternatively, just
distribute betterprint along with your script and save yourself the headache.
In [1]: import betterprint
---
ImportError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Users/rkern/ipython console in module()
ImportError: No module named betterprint
In [2]: import pkg_resources
In [3]: from setuptools.dist import Distribution
In [4]:
pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(pkg_resources.parse_requirements('betterprint'),
installer=Distribution().fetch_build_egg)
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Installed /Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg
Out[4]: [betterprint 0.1 (/Users/rkern/betterprint-0.1-py2.5.egg)]
Okay, works for me, thanks. Is there an option to have the downloaded
module installed into the site-packages directory (and not into the
current)?
No. This is a hack. If you need things installed properly, use a setup.py.
--
Robert Kern
I have come to believe that the whole world is an enigma, a harmless enigma
that is made terrible by our own mad attempt to interpret it as though it had
an underlying truth.
-- Umberto Eco
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Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 25, 11:24 pm, Paul Rudin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: See the last recipe from:http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-recipes.html. It's not doing quite the same thing, but gives an illustration of one way to approach this sort of thing. Thanks for the link! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
Hi All, I have problem to split a string like this: 'abc.defg.hij.klmnop' and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the output I expect is : 'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop' a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return: 'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop' is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression? Thanks, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: eof
ZeD wrote: Grant Edwards wrote: The user-defined xor is operates on logical boolean values. The one in the operator module is a bitwise operator. def xor(a, b): return bool(a) ^ bool(b) seems more explicit to me. maybe, to make more explicit (too much, onestly...) from operator import xor as bitwise_xor def logical_xor(a, b): return bitwise_xor(bool(a), bool(b)) I'd prefer bool(a)!=bool(b) or even bool(a) is not bool(b) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 2007 3:24 AM, Paul Rudin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Kelie [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv Thanks! See the last recipe from: http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-recipes.html. It's not doing quite the same thing, but gives an illustration of one way to approach this sort of thing. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list The one in the sample consumes the entire sequence up front, too. It's trivial to write a fully generator based one (and only slightly more work to implement an iterator that doesn't rely on generators, if you want to avoid the slight performance hit), but there's a few subtle issues and I too think that we really should have a good one ready for use in itertools. Maybe I should write a patch. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: win32serviceutil won't start
On Nov 25, 5:11 pm, Nikola Skoric [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dana Sun, 25 Nov 2007 13:52:35 -0800 (PST), [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] kaze: Looks like Microsoft thinks you mis-spelled it. http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000serv/reskit/w... I would check and see if that service is installed on your PC. You can go to Start -- Run and type services.msc Scroll through there and see if your service is listed. You might check to see if you can enable/disable it via that console as well. Seems like I misunderstood Windows services (I'm porting UNIX daemon to Windows so I'm thinking in UNIX terms). I didn't know I have to _install_ a service before I _start_ it. How do I install a service? -- Now the storm has passed over me I'm left to drift on a dead calm sea And watch her forever through the cracks in the beams Nailed across the doorways of the bedrooms of my dreams Sorry I didn't reply sooner. If you're creating a service based on a Python file, check out the following links in addition to the book Wolfgang mentioned: http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/2005/09/running-python-script-as-windows.html http://www.thescripts.com/forum/thread595660.html http://essiene.blogspot.com/2005/04/python-windows-services.html That should get you started. Hope it helps! Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
On Nov 26, 10:40 am, lisong [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi All,
I have problem to split a string like this:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the
output I expect is :
'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop'
a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return:
'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop'
is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression?
Thanks,
Why are you using regular expressions? Use the split method defined
for strings:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'.split('.')
['abc', 'defg', 'hij', 'klmnop']
-- Paul
--
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spawning a process with subprocess
Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
lisong wrote: Hi All, I have problem to split a string like this: 'abc.defg.hij.klmnop' and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the output I expect is : 'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop' a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return: 'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop' is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression? Nope. Regular expressions can't get back in their input-stream, at least not for such stuff. The problem at hand is easily solved using s = 'abc.defg.hij.klmnop' pairs = [..join(v) for v in zip(s.split(.)[:-1], s.split(.)[1:])] Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
On Nov 26, 10:54 am, bhunter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. I've read that this sort of thing can be a pain. I'm sure someone will post and have other views though. I have had some success using Python's threading module though. There's a pretty good walkthrough here (it uses wxPython in its example): http://wiki.wxpython.org/LongRunningTasks Other places of interest include: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/491281 http://uucode.com/texts/pylongopgui/pyguiapp.html http://sayspy.blogspot.com/2007/11/idea-for-process-concurrency.html If I were doing something like this, I would have the process write it's output to a file and periodically check to see if the file has data. Hopefully someone with more knowledge will come along soon. Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Should proxy objects lie about their class name?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (John J. Lee) writes: Not much to add to the subject line. I mean something like this: ProxyClass.__name__ = ProxiedClass.__name__ I've been told that this is common practice. Is it? Would this surprise you if you ran into it in a debugging session? Does nobody have an opinion on this? Pull your socks up, c.l.py! insert reference to argument sketch here John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 1:42 am, Kelie [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv Thanks! lst = list(ABCDE) for j in range(1,6): ... print j,':',[lst[i:i+j] for i in xrange(0,len(lst),j)] ... 1 : [['A'], ['B'], ['C'], ['D'], ['E']] 2 : [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D'], ['E']] 3 : [['A', 'B', 'C'], ['D', 'E']] 4 : [['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], ['E']] 5 : [['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']] Or if you want to discard the uneven leftovers: for j in range(1,6): ... print j,':',[lst[i:i+j] for i in xrange(0,len(lst),j) if i +j=len(lst)] ... 1 : [['A'], ['B'], ['C'], ['D'], ['E']] 2 : [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D']] 3 : [['A', 'B', 'C']] 4 : [['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']] 5 : [['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']] Or define a lambda: chunksWithLeftovers = lambda lst,n: [lst[i:i+n] for i in xrange(0,len(lst),n)] chunksWithoutLeftovers = lambda lst,n: [lst[i:i+n] for i in xrange(0,len(lst),n) if i+n=len(lst)] chunksWithLeftovers(lst,2) [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D'], ['E']] chunksWithoutLeftovers(lst,2) [['A', 'B'], ['C', 'D']] -- Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
On Nov 26, 10:51 am, Paul McGuire [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On Nov 26, 10:40 am, lisong [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi All,
I have problem to split a string like this:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the
output I expect is :
'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop'
a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return:
'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop'
is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression?
Thanks,
Why are you using regular expressions? Use the split method defined
for strings:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'.split('.')
['abc', 'defg', 'hij', 'klmnop']
-- Paul- Hide quoted text -
- Show quoted text -
Sorry, misread your post - Diez Roggisch has the right answer.
-- Paul
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Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
lisong wrote:
Hi All,
I have problem to split a string like this:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the
output I expect is :
'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop'
a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return:
'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop'
is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression?
Thanks,
Do you need it to be a regular expression ?
def f(s) :
ws = s.split('.')
return map('.'.join,zip(ws,ws[1:]))
f('abc.defg.hij.klmnop')
['abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop']
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Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
On Mon, Nov 26, 2007 at 06:04:54PM +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote regarding Re:
How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?:
lisong wrote:
Hi All,
I have problem to split a string like this:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the
output I expect is :
'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop'
a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return:
'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop'
is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression?
Nope. Regular expressions can't get back in their input-stream, at least not
for such stuff.
The problem at hand is easily solved using
s = 'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
pairs = [..join(v) for v in zip(s.split(.)[:-1], s.split(.)[1:])]
which is veritably perlesque in its elegance and simplicity!
A slightly more verbose version.
l = s.split('.')
pairs = []
for x in xrange(len(l)-1):
pairs.append('.'.join(l[x:x+2]))
Cheers,
Cliff
--
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Re: spawning a process with subprocess
I've read that this sort of thing can be a pain. I'm sure someone will post and have other views though. I have had some success using Python's threading module though. There's a pretty good walkthrough here (it uses wxPython in its example): http://wiki.wxpython.org/LongRunningTasks Other places of interest include: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/491281http://uucode.com/texts/pylongopgui/pyguiapp.htmlhttp://sayspy.blogspot.com/2007/11/idea-for-process-concurrency.html If I were doing something like this, I would have the process write it's output to a file and periodically check to see if the file has data. Hopefully someone with more knowledge will come along soon. Mike Darn. Is threading the only way to do it? I was hoping not to have to avoid that. Would have thought that there might be a way for subprocess to handle this automatically. Thanks for your help, Brian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?
On Nov 26, 12:34 pm, J. Clifford Dyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On Mon, Nov 26, 2007 at 06:04:54PM +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote regarding
Re: How to write Regular Expression for recursive matching?:
lisong wrote:
Hi All,
I have problem to split a string like this:
'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
and I want to get all substrings with only one '.' in mid. so the
output I expect is :
'abc.defg', 'defg.hij', 'hij.klmnop'
a simple regular expression '\w+.\w' will only return:
'abc.defg', 'hij.klmnop'
is there a way to get 'defg.hij' using regular expression?
Nope. Regular expressions can't get back in their input-stream, at least not
for such stuff.
The problem at hand is easily solved using
s = 'abc.defg.hij.klmnop'
pairs = [..join(v) for v in zip(s.split(.)[:-1], s.split(.)[1:])]
which is veritably perlesque in its elegance and simplicity!
A slightly more verbose version.
l = s.split('.')
pairs = []
for x in xrange(len(l)-1):
pairs.append('.'.join(l[x:x+2]))
Cheers,
Cliff
Thank u all for your kindly reply, I agree, RE is not necessary here.
Song
--
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Re: Tk 8.5
I also cannot wait! On Nov 24, 2007 4:12 PM, Ron Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, According to the tk wiki, the final release of Tcl/Tk is just weeks away (see http://wiki.tcl.tk/12753). Does anyone know if the Tk enhancements will be in Python 2.6? Since I don't use tk but I do use Python and Tkinter (and Tix) extensively, I'm excited about these long-awaited changes. Thanks, Ron -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://search.goldwatches.com/?Search=Movado+Watches http://www.jewelerslounge.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
On Nov 26, 12:27 pm, bhunter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I've read that this sort of thing can be a pain. I'm sure someone will post and have other views though. I have had some success using Python's threading module though. There's a pretty good walkthrough here (it uses wxPython in its example): http://wiki.wxpython.org/LongRunningTasks Other places of interest include: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/491281http://... If I were doing something like this, I would have the process write it's output to a file and periodically check to see if the file has data. Hopefully someone with more knowledge will come along soon. Mike Darn. Is threading the only way to do it? I was hoping not to have to avoid that. Would have thought that there might be a way for subprocess to handle this automatically. Thanks for your help, Brian This is just the way I do it...as I said, there are probably some other people in the group who will have other opinions. By the way, your statement I was hoping not to have to avoid that means that you hoped to use threading...which I think is contradictory to what you meant. Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
bhunter schrieb: Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. I have difficulties understanding what you are after here. To me it looks as if everything works as expected. I mean you periodically check on the liveness of the thread - which is what you describe above. All you are missing IMHO is the actual work in this program. So while True: if do_work(): if thread.returncode: break else: thread.kill() This assumes that your do_work()-method communicates the wish to end the sub-process using it's returnvalue. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Should proxy objects lie about their class name?
John J. Lee schrieb: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (John J. Lee) writes: Not much to add to the subject line. I mean something like this: ProxyClass.__name__ = ProxiedClass.__name__ I've been told that this is common practice. Is it? Would this surprise you if you ran into it in a debugging session? Does nobody have an opinion on this? Pull your socks up, c.l.py! insert reference to argument sketch here I've written quite a few proxies, but none of them did that. IMHO this is similar to using isinstance overeagerly: it works against the duck-typing principle to guard code by requiring certain base-classes, instead of just relying on protocol. The same applies here. There might be of course cases where you have code lying around that does do some distinctions based on the class-name (I'm certainly I've seen such stuff once or tiwce, but always regarded it a WTF). Then doing as you do above might help in getting things work. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
Donn Ingle a écrit : I see someone already showed you eval. Eval is evil. Don't use it. Especially if the functions are coming to you from a public URL! Yes, I suggested to him (by email) this: thisinstance = SomeObject.__class__.__dict__ Then you have a list of strings that may be function names, so: This will only get attributes defined in SomeObject.__class__ - not the one defined in the parent classes. Nor methods dynamically bound to a specific instance. for f in yourlist: if f in thisinstance: eval(f)(params) Which would vet the functions too. You *still* don't need eval here. target = module or any other objet here for funcname in funclist: func = getattr(target, funcname, None) if callable(func): func(*args, **kwargs) I've almost never had a real use case for eval (or exec) in 7 years. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 7:42 am, Kelie [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, This function does I what I want. But I'm wondering if there is an easier/better way. To be honest, I don't have a good understanding of what pythonic means yet. def divide_list(lst, n): Divide a list into a number of lists, each with n items. Extra items are ignored, if any. cnt = len(lst) / n rv = [[None for i in range(n)] for i in range(cnt)] for i in range(cnt): for j in range(n): rv[i][j] = lst[i * n + j] return rv Thanks! Here's a terrible way to do it: def divide_list(lst, n): return zip(*[lst[i::n] for i in range(n)]) [It produces a list of tuples rather than a list of lists, but it usually won't matter]. -- Paul Hankin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
Ton van Vliet a écrit :
On 24 Nov 2007 13:56:37 GMT, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
(snip)
So::
def meth(self):
using self:
tmp = raw_input('Enter age: ')
age = int(tmp)
becomes::
def meth(self):
using self:
self.tmp = self.raw_input('Enter age: ')
self.age = self.int(tmp)
Binding `tmp` unnecessarily to the object and trying to get `raw_input()`
and `int()` from the object. Ouch. :-)
Absolutely.
However, I was more thinking in terms of attributes only
Too bad : in Python, everything's an object, so 'methods' are attributes
too.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
samwyse a écrit : (snip) Besides Pascal, Visual Basic also offers a 'with' statement that behaves almost in this way. That in itself should be an indication that the whole thing is a bad idea. ;-) FWIW, Javascript has it too - and it's considered a BadPractice(tm) to use it... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
Ton van Vliet a écrit : On 24 Nov 2007 16:07:18 GMT, Duncan Booth [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Ton van Vliet [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: It would boil down to choice: explicit/speed vs implicit/readability No, it would boil down to explicit+speed+readability+maintainability vs implicit+error prone. It would not be a full fledged *implicit*, but only used in small areas where many self's are coming together, and possibly clutter readability (a subjective classification anyhow) and even could degrade (code) maintainability. In which case explicitely making local aliases is not too much work, and way more readable. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
Hrvoje Niksic wrote:
greg [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
none wrote:
IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have
variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings
from names to objects.
IMHO, this is nonsense. All that variables are (in any language) are
bindings for names. Pretending python does anything novel with
regard to variables is confusing and, ultimately, simply results in
a redefinition of terms programmers are already familiar with. I
mean, it's kind of like saying my computer is not a computer but is
actually a device that follows input directions. Of course that
description may be true (and I may even use it to explain to students
*what* a computer is), but it is no less a computer for it.
If you're talking to C programmers, just tell them that Python
variables always contain pointers. That should give them the right
mental model to build on.
That is a convenient shortcut when it works, but in my experience it
tends to confuse the issue. The reason is that one of the main uses
of pointers in C is implementing pass-by-reference. A C programmer
told that Python variables internally hold pointers expects this code:
I think most C programmers are smart enough to figure out the supposed
differences, with only a little additional explanation on the part of
the instructor. Python's variable model is practically identical to
that of Java, after all, and I don't recall any discussion of
cataclysmic proportions over the differences between C pointers and
Java references. There are differences (or more accurately
points of emphasis), but of the sort that take a paragraph or two of
explanation/clarification -- not a completely new model.
def func(a):
a = 10
...
func(x)
to change the value of x.
Depends on how you implement the C equivalent. The most direct
translation, IMHO, is the following:
void func(int *a){
a = 10; //Of course this is nonsense, but it illustrates the
point. Just because a is a pointer
//does not mean that a is not rebound when it is
assigned to. Oh wait! Did I use
//the word rebound when talking about a *C*
variable? ;-)
//*a = 10; //I'm guessing this is what *you* had in mind, but it
is very different
}
int main(int argc, char **argv){
int x = 5;
func(x);
printf(x is: %i\n, x);
return 0;
}
Which prints:
x is: 5
In this case, both the C and Python code have the same result.
--Nathan Davis
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
Patrick Mullen a écrit : (snip) Still an unnecessary lookup on tmp though :) And it would be useless to use it for one assignment, the idea is to eliminate all the typing with this: self.var1 = 5 self.var2 = a value self.var3 = stuff self.var4 = [2,54,7,7] self.var5 = dingaling self.var6 = 6.4 self.var7 = 1 self.var8 = False self.var9 = True self.__dict__.update(dict(var1=5, var2=a value, var3 = stuff, etc)) Someone else ? Or are we done with this DeadHorse ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
samwyse a écrit : (snip) Actually, the chained dots are solving a completely different problem, that of refactoring a collection of functions that use global vars into a class. Using globals to maintain state between functions being bad practice in most cases, I don't see any reason to encourage it by providing some builtin support. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
This is just the way I do it...as I said, there are probably some other people in the group who will have other opinions. By the way, your statement I was hoping not to have to avoid that means that you hoped to use threading...which I think is contradictory to what you meant. Mike That was a typo. I was hoping to avoid that is what it should read. Proof once again: never type while holding a baby. :) Brian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
Peter Otten wrote: def chunks(items, n): ... return [items[start:start+n] for n in range(0, len(items)-n+1, n)] Ouch, this should be def chunks(items, n): return [items[start:start+n] for start in range(0, len(items)-n+1, n)] Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
On Nov 26, 1:50 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: bhunter schrieb: Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. I have difficulties understanding what you are after here. To me it looks as if everything works as expected. I mean you periodically check on the liveness of the thread - which is what you describe above. All you are missing IMHO is the actual work in this program. So while True: if do_work(): if thread.returncode: break else: thread.kill() This assumes that your do_work()-method communicates the wish to end the sub-process using it's returnvalue. Diez If the subprocess had finished, I expect that the returncode will not be None, and the loop would break. The process hasn't actually started. I know this because while this simple testcase just cats a file, the real case submits a simulation job. This job never starts until after I ctrl-c the program. Brian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Best ways of managing text encodings in source/regexes?
Hi
I've read around quite a bit about Unicode and python's support for
it, and I'm still unclear about how it all fits together in certain
scenarios. Can anyone help clarify?
* When I say # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- and confirm my IDE is saving
the source file as UTF-8, do I still need to prefix all the strings
constructed in the source with u as in myStr = ublah, even when
those strings contain only ASCII or ISO-8859-1 chars? (It would be a
bother for me to do this for the complete source I'm working on, where
I rarely need chars outside the ISO-8859-1 range.)
* Will python figure it out if I use different encodings in different
modules -- say a main source file which is # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
and an imported module which doesn't say this (for which python will
presumably use a default encoding)? This seems inevitable given that
standard library modules such as re don't declare an encoding,
presumably because in that case I don't see any non-ASCII chars in the
source.
* If I want to use a Unicode char in a regex -- say an en-dash, U+2013
-- in an ASCII- or ISO-8859-1-encoded source file, can I say
myASCIIRegex = re.compile('[A-Z]')
myUniRegex = re.compile(u'\u2013') # en-dash
then read the source file into a unicode string with codecs.read(),
then expect re to match against the unicode string using either of
those regexes if the string contains the relevant chars? Or do I need
to do make all my regex patterns unicode strings, with u?
I've been trying to understand this for a while so any clarification
would be a great help.
Tim
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
On Nov 26, 2007 1:21 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hrvoje Niksic wrote:
greg [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
none wrote:
IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have
variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings
from names to objects.
IMHO, this is nonsense. All that variables are (in any language) are
bindings for names. Pretending python does anything novel with
regard to variables is confusing and, ultimately, simply results in
a redefinition of terms programmers are already familiar with. I
mean, it's kind of like saying my computer is not a computer but is
actually a device that follows input directions. Of course that
description may be true (and I may even use it to explain to students
*what* a computer is), but it is no less a computer for it.
Long real-life experience that people with previous programming
experience, especially C programmers, have a great deal of trouble
with this concept. Python variables do not work the way they do in
other languages, where variables are compile-time bindings for memory
locations. Even Java references aren't the same (there's no such thing
as a null reference in Python, for example).
If you're talking to C programmers, just tell them that Python
variables always contain pointers. That should give them the right
mental model to build on.
That is a convenient shortcut when it works, but in my experience it
tends to confuse the issue. The reason is that one of the main uses
of pointers in C is implementing pass-by-reference. A C programmer
told that Python variables internally hold pointers expects this code:
I think most C programmers are smart enough to figure out the supposed
differences, with only a little additional explanation on the part of
the instructor. Python's variable model is practically identical to
that of Java, after all, and I don't recall any discussion of
cataclysmic proportions over the differences between C pointers and
Java references. There are differences (or more accurately
points of emphasis), but of the sort that take a paragraph or two of
explanation/clarification -- not a completely new model.
C programmers, when told that Python works like this almost *always*
get this wrong, because they want to pretend that Python is C-like
pass by reference and it isn't.
The very first thing they want to do is to get at the pointer
underneath the object so they can simulate C style pass by reference
with ints. It takes a lot of bandwidth (both mental and electronic)
before they get that there is no underlying pointer and they can't do
this.
The second thing they want to do is to intercept rebinding actions,
like you might do in C++ with operator overloads. If you explain it to
them in these terms, it is not clear (and will not be, until you use
other terms) that rebinding a name (assignment) and mutating an object
are fundamentally different operations.
I see these questions on a daily basis in #python and somewhat less
frequently in c.l.p. Your assertion that C programmers will just get
it if it's explained in those terms is simply not borne out by real
world results.
One thing that C programmers *do* get, at least the smarter ones, is
explaining it in terms of the actual implementation - that there are
PyObject structs that are not exposed, that they are refcounted, and
that name/object bindings are entries in various hash tables. Saying
it's just like a pointer isn't generally sufficient, because it's
not like a pointer, and it gives them totally the wrong model to work
with.
def func(a):
a = 10
...
func(x)
to change the value of x.
Depends on how you implement the C equivalent. The most direct
translation, IMHO, is the following:
void func(int *a){
a = 10; //Of course this is nonsense, but it illustrates the
point. Just because a is a pointer
//does not mean that a is not rebound when it is
assigned to. Oh wait! Did I use
//the word rebound when talking about a *C*
variable? ;-)
//*a = 10; //I'm guessing this is what *you* had in mind, but it
is very different
}
The very first thing a C programmer will want to do when seeing this
snippet is ask how to do the later operation in Python. If you tell
them they can't, they will then think of python variables as like
pointers, except for special cases which is wrong. If you use Python
semantics to explain it, in terms of names and bindings, they'll see
that it's not at all like pointers, that assignment operations are
totally consistent (assignment is name binding, not mutation) and that
immutable objects are immutable by virtue of not having mutating
methods, not because of compiler magic.
The only special cases which then need to be explained are augmented
assignment and object attribute assignment, which are easily (and
correctly) explained as being syntactic sugar for mutate + rebind and
a
gnosis XML objectify
The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: C pointer representation in python
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Hi | I am new to SWIG and python. I have a problem while trying to call a C | function from Python using SWIG as an interface. Did you consider using the ctypes module? (It is new in the stdlib for 2.5, I believe.) Some consider it easier to use than swig. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
bhunter schrieb: On Nov 26, 1:50 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: bhunter schrieb: Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. I have difficulties understanding what you are after here. To me it looks as if everything works as expected. I mean you periodically check on the liveness of the thread - which is what you describe above. All you are missing IMHO is the actual work in this program. So while True: if do_work(): if thread.returncode: break else: thread.kill() This assumes that your do_work()-method communicates the wish to end the sub-process using it's returnvalue. Diez If the subprocess had finished, I expect that the returncode will not be None, and the loop would break. The process hasn't actually started. I know this because while this simple testcase just cats a file, the real case submits a simulation job. This job never starts until after I ctrl-c the program. I don't know what the reason is for that, but I've just today worked with code that exactly uses subprocess as advertised - spawning a process which runs while the main process occasionally checks inside the child's logfiles for certain state changes. What might be though is that you need to consume the subprocesses stdout in your program - because otherwise it will buffer until a certain amount (usually 4 or 16k) and then halt. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
target = module or any other objet here for funcname in funclist: func = getattr(target, funcname, None) if callable(func): func(*args, **kwargs) Nice. 'callable' is new to me. Live and learn :) \d -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: gnosis XML objectify
On Nov 26, 1:46 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry When does this happen? When you import the module? When you pass it some xml? Do you have a full traceback? Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: gnosis XML objectify
On Nov 26, 8:46 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry Could you show us a simple example that exhibits this behavior please ? SB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: gnosis XML objectify
Full Traceback enclosed: Test Suite Started @ 2007-11-26 11:34:46.617000 Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\UDR2\UDRxmlGateway.py, line 370, in module ParseAll() File C:\UDR2\UDRxmlGateway.py, line 286, in ParseAll py_obj = gnosis.xml.objectify.XML_Objectify(InputFile).make_instance() File C:\python25\Lib\site-packages\gnosis\xml\objectify\_objectify.py, line 160, in make_instance o = self.ParseFile(self._fh) File C:\python25\Lib\site-packages\gnosis\xml\objectify\_objectify.py, line 190, in ParseFile self._myparser.ParseFile(file) xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError: not well-formed (invalid token): line 68, column 0 Harry C. Wang Sr. Test Engineer (Automation) AOL Mobile Phone 206 - 268 - 7502 temporary e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Personal e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Mon 11/26/2007 12:19 PM To: python-list@python.org Subject: Re: gnosis XML objectify On Nov 26, 1:46 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry When does this happen? When you import the module? When you pass it some xml? Do you have a full traceback? Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need to call functions/class_methods etc using string ref :How
Donn Ingle a écrit : target = module or any other objet here for funcname in funclist: func = getattr(target, funcname, None) if callable(func): func(*args, **kwargs) Nice. 'callable' is new to me. What about getattr, then ?-) And FWIW, callable will disappear in py3k... (anyway, you can just test if the object has a __call__ method). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: gnosis XML objectify
I can't tell where in the XML file it throws the error. Here is the snippet of the Python code: def ParseAll(): py_obj = gnosis.xml.objectify.XML_Objectify(InputFile).make_instance() Harry C. Wang Sr. Test Engineer (Automation) AOL Mobile Phone 206 - 268 - 7502 temporary e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Personal e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Sébastien Boisgérault Sent: Mon 11/26/2007 12:21 PM To: python-list@python.org Subject: Re: gnosis XML objectify On Nov 26, 8:46 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry Could you show us a simple example that exhibits this behavior please ? SB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
On Mon, 26 Nov 2007 20:14:50 +0100, Bruno Desthuilliers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: However, I was more thinking in terms of attributes only Too bad : in Python, everything's an object, so 'methods' are attributes too. Right, but I'm sure *you* know a way to distinguish between them (I'm just a beginner ;-) -- Ton -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: gnosis XML objectify
On Nov 26, 2:33 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Full Traceback enclosed: Test Suite Started @ 2007-11-26 11:34:46.617000 Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\UDR2\UDRxmlGateway.py, line 370, in module ParseAll() File C:\UDR2\UDRxmlGateway.py, line 286, in ParseAll py_obj = gnosis.xml.objectify.XML_Objectify(InputFile).make_instance() File C:\python25\Lib\site-packages\gnosis\xml\objectify\_objectify.py, line 160, in make_instance o = self.ParseFile(self._fh) File C:\python25\Lib\site-packages\gnosis\xml\objectify\_objectify.py, line 190, in ParseFile self._myparser.ParseFile(file) xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError: not well-formed (invalid token): line 68, column 0 Harry C. Wang Sr. Test Engineer (Automation) AOL Mobile Phone 206 - 268 - 7502 temporary e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Personal e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Mon 11/26/2007 12:19 PM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: gnosis XML objectify On Nov 26, 1:46 pm, Wang, Harry [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The gnosis xml libs should not be version specific, but when I try to use Python 2.5, I am getting not well formed (invalid token) errors. Harry When does this happen? When you import the module? When you pass it some xml? Do you have a full traceback? Mike --http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list Googling the error seems to indicate that the problem may be an encoding issue. Check the following threads: http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/msg00787.html http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.devel/90093 http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2007-July/450288.html Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
gnosis XML objectify
Problem solved. I left out a right closing tag () in the XML, but I am having another problem. Harry C. Wang Sr. Test Engineer (Automation) AOL Mobile Phone 206 - 268 - 7502 temporary e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Personal e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spawning a process with subprocess
On Nov 26, 3:05 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: bhunter schrieb: On Nov 26, 1:50 pm, Diez B. Roggisch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: bhunter schrieb: Hi, I've used subprocess with 2.4 several times to execute a process, wait for it to finish, and then look at its output. Now I want to spawn the process separately, later check to see if it's finished, and if it is look at its output. I may want to send a signal at some point to kill the process. This seems straightforward, but it doesn't seem to be working. Here's my test case: import subprocess, time cmd = cat somefile thread = subprocess.Popen(args=cmd.split(), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True) while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This will just print the returncode of None forever until I Ctrl-C it. Of course, the program works fine if I call thread.communicate(), but since this waits for the process to finish, that's not what I want. Any help would be appreciated. I have difficulties understanding what you are after here. To me it looks as if everything works as expected. I mean you periodically check on the liveness of the thread - which is what you describe above. All you are missing IMHO is the actual work in this program. So while True: if do_work(): if thread.returncode: break else: thread.kill() This assumes that your do_work()-method communicates the wish to end the sub-process using it's returnvalue. Diez If the subprocess had finished, I expect that the returncode will not be None, and the loop would break. The process hasn't actually started. I know this because while this simple testcase just cats a file, the real case submits a simulation job. This job never starts until after I ctrl-c the program. I don't know what the reason is for that, but I've just today worked with code that exactly uses subprocess as advertised - spawning a process which runs while the main process occasionally checks inside the child's logfiles for certain state changes. What might be though is that you need to consume the subprocesses stdout in your program - because otherwise it will buffer until a certain amount (usually 4 or 16k) and then halt. Diez It works? You mean there are place on earth where it really does this? Excellent! Still doesn't work for me, though. I first tried changing bufsize to -1, then 0, then a very large number greater than the number of bytes in this file (just to be sure). None seemed to have any affect. Then I modified the code to this: cmd = cat /nfs/dv1/bhunter/o52a/verif/gmx/rgx.cc args = cmd.split() thread = subprocess.Popen(args=args, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, close_fds=True, bufsize=30) lines = [] try: while(1): time.sleep(1) if(thread.returncode): break else: print thread.returncode lines.extend(thread.stdout.readlines()) except KeyboardInterrupt: print lines print returncode = , thread.returncode for line in thread.stdout: print stdout:\t,line This one hangs after the first print of returncode None. Then, I ctrl- C it and find that the lines array is empty. It's my guess that the process is waiting for some input, even though 'cat' clearly does not require anything from stdin. But if I put a communicate() after Popen and a few other tweaks, then everything works as expected--but of course not as desired. Still confused. Brian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: basic if stuff- testing ranges
On Nov 27, 3:01 am, Erik Jones [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Nov 25, 2007, at 9:49 PM, Donn Ingle wrote: if 0 x 20: print within That means if x LESS THAN 0 and x 20. Oh, bugger. It's tricky. So try if 0 x 20: Thanks. I was flipping signs in my tests, but I guess I flipped both and got myself all confused. Likely manuals: Tutorial Reference Tutorial: check contents, if statement looks possible, but no luck Yes, I got that far. Reference: check contents, comparisons looks possible, and Thanks again. I find the reference is laid-out in a way that I don't find intuitive and every time I look for something I fail. I even grep through the folder to get a clue, which shows how poor the index is (to me)! Then use one of the quick references here:http://rgruet.free.fr/. Generally excellent references, but X Y Z W has expected meaning, unlike C is not much help to people who have not been exposed to similar notation (e.g. 0 = angle 2 * pi) in other disciplines and/or know C merely as a member of the same set as X, Y, Z and W. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the annoying, verbose self
Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: [snip] Too bad : in Python, everything's an object, so 'methods' are attributes too. What do you see as a problem here? Surely it gives useful flexibility. Colin W. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: better way to write this function
On Nov 26, 8:19 am, Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [...] Or build a generator that works with arbitrary iterables: from itertools import * def chunks(items, n): ... items = iter(items) ... while 1: ... chunk = list(islice(items, n-1)) ... chunk.append(items.next()) ... yield chunk ... list(chunks(range(5), 2)) [[0, 1], [2, 3]] Peter I was about to send this before I saw your post :) Well here it is anyway... Using the fact that StopIteration exceptions fall through list comprehensions (as opposed to islices): def chunks(iterable, size): next = iter(iterable).next while True: yield [next() for i in xrange(size)] -- Arnaud -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Installing Python 3000
Sorry about the simple question ... I'd like to install Python 3000 on my computers (Mac, and possibly Windows), without messing up the existing versions. So far, I've always relied on using .msi on Windows and .dmg on the Mac. From the Python site, I read (different version, but still...): Unpack the archive with tar -zxvf Python-2.4.4.tgz ... Change to the Python-2.4.4 directory and run the ./configure, make, make install commands to compile and install Python. The step that gets me worried is the make install one... I don't want it to take over as default. I would like to be able to invoke it by typing python3k ... from anywhere and have it work - while still having python invoke the default 2.5 version. André -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
On Nov 25, 10:36 pm, Ben Finney [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In addition to the good answers you've had already, I highly recommend David Goodger's Code like a Pythonista page URL:http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html, which contains a very good cardboard boxes versus paper tags analogy of the topic you're asking about. or even Ben's own version of this, which I liked: URL:http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/ 56e7d62bf66a435c/ab62283cde9e4c63#ab62283cde9e4c63 J^n -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
fork/exec with input redirection
I have a Python script that does a fork/exec, so the parent process can get the child's PID and monitor /proc/PID/stat (on a CentOS system). Most of my processes' command lines are straightforward enough to do this with, but I have a handful that use on the command line, eg ./gobmk_base.linux_x86 --quiet --mode gtp 13x13.tst The only thing I could really think of to try was os.execv(./gobmk_base.linux_x86, [./gobmk_base.linux_x86, --quiet, --mode, gtp, , 13x13.tst]) but this apparently doesn't work. Is there some other way to accomplish what I'm going for? Thanks, -dan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing Python 3000
André wrote: The step that gets me worried is the make install one... I don't want it to take over as default. I would like to be able to invoke it by typing python3k ... from anywhere and have it work - while still having python invoke the default 2.5 version. You want make altinstall Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: fork/exec with input redirection
On Nov 26, 2007, at 3:58 PM, Dan Upton wrote: I have a Python script that does a fork/exec, so the parent process can get the child's PID and monitor /proc/PID/stat (on a CentOS system). Most of my processes' command lines are straightforward enough to do this with, but I have a handful that use on the command line, eg ./gobmk_base.linux_x86 --quiet --mode gtp 13x13.tst The only thing I could really think of to try was os.execv(./gobmk_base.linux_x86, [./gobmk_base.linux_x86, --quiet, --mode, gtp, , 13x13.tst]) but this apparently doesn't work. Is there some other way to accomplish what I'm going for? Read up on the docs for the subprocess module. Erik Jones Software Developer | Emma® [EMAIL PROTECTED] 800.595.4401 or 615.292.5888 615.292.0777 (fax) Emma helps organizations everywhere communicate market in style. Visit us online at http://www.myemma.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing Python 3000
I'd like to install Python 3000 on my computers (Mac, and possibly Windows), without messing up the existing versions. So far, I've always relied on using .msi on Windows and .dmg on the Mac. From the Python site, I read (different version, but still...): Unpack the archive with tar -zxvf Python-2.4.4.tgz ... Change to the Python-2.4.4 directory and run the ./configure, make, make install commands to compile and install Python. The step that gets me worried is the make install one... I don't want it to take over as default. I would like to be able to invoke it by typing python3k ... from anywhere and have it work - while still having python invoke the default 2.5 version. I recommend that you then do use the prebuilt binaries, at least where available, i.e. http://www.python.org/download/releases/3.0/ For OSX, I recommend to use a different --prefix for installing, e.g. /usr/local/py3k. All files then go into that directory, and nothing else lives in it. To invoke it, you give /usr/local/py3k/bin/python; if you want to make a python3k link someone in your path - that would be your choice. HTH, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to Teach Python Variables
On Mon, 26 Nov 2007 21:37:19 +1300, greg wrote: none wrote: IIRC, I once saw an explanation how Python doesn't have variables in the sense that, say, C does, and instead has bindings from names to objects. If you're talking to C programmers, just tell them that Python variables always contain pointers. That should give them the right mental model to build on. Until they wonder why this doesn't work. x = 1 # x points to 1 y = x assert x is y # confirm y points to the same memory location as x x += 1 assert y == 2 # so naturally y should be incremented as well -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
