Re: Nested For loop not running full

[inshu chauhan]

, 2013 at 3:15 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:

> On Fri, Apr 26, 2013 at 7:36 PM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> >
> > On Fri, Apr 26, 2013 at 2:39 PM, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:
> >>
> >> f = open(...)
> >>
> >> in the code you are not showing with
> >>
> >> f == list(open(...))
> >
> > f is just a text file(csv format).. so why list ??
>
> (That should be =, not ==)
>
> Instead of having an open file object, you would instead have a list
> of the lines in the file. That can be iterated over more than once.
>
> >> The reasonable thing to do is of course to move the preprocessing (e.g.
> >> csv-
> >> parsing) out of the sy and sx loops.
> >
> >
> > I did this but again then what I intend to do is not really happening,
> For
> > every pixel I read,  I want to traverse the full file, so that the
> > information I am taking from pixel have to match in one of the line in
> the
> > file. Can this be done by modifying my code ? or something new has to be
> > devised ?
>
> How large is the file? There are two easy solutions:
>
> 1) Open and close the file every time you touch a pixel
> 2) Open the file once, read it all into memory, and then iterate over
> the in-memory copy every pixel
>
> If your file is insanely large then the first option may be better,
> but for anything less than five yottabytes, go with the second. (Okay,
> I may be exaggerating slightly... let's say anything less than half
> your RAM. So if you have 10YB of memory, then I wasn't exaggerating.)
> That's why Peter suggested creating a list; you iterate over the list.
> Another way to do it is to parse the file once and retain a more
> efficient and useful structured form of the data... which is the other
> thing Peter suggested ("move the preprocessing (e.g. csv-
> parsing) out of the sy and sx loops").
>
> So, yeah. Listen to Peter Otten, he knows what he's talking about :)
>
> ChrisA
>

Yes I am trying Peter's way and my file is just 500 KB .. :)
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Re: Nested For loop not running full

[inshu chauhan]

On Fri, Apr 26, 2013 at 2:39 PM, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote:

> inshu chauhan wrote:
>
> > I have this part of my code where I am trying to traverse over an image
> by
> > running a for loop for both x and y co-ordinate axis. But the loop is
> > terminating by just reading first pixel. Can think of a reason why this
> is
> > happening ?
> >
> > The code is:
> > for sy in xrange(0, segimage.height):
> > for sx in xrange(0, segimage.width):
> > if segimage[sy,sx] == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
> > continue
> > else:
> > seg_color = segimage[sy,sx]
> > blue = int(seg_color[0])
> > green = int(seg_color[1])
> > red = int(seg_color[2])
> > reg_num = blue + 256 * green + 65536 * red
> > for l in f:
> > sp = l.split(",")
> > if len(sp) == 14:
> > print sy, sx  # for checking which pixel its
> > reading currently
> > print reg_num, sp[0]  # for checking whats
> > happening
> > if reg_num == int(sp[0].strip()):
> > print reg_num, sp[0].strip() # for checking
> > whats happening
> > classification = int(sp[13].strip())
> >
> >
> > The inside "for loop" is for reading a csv format file from which I am
> > extracting some information.
>
> My crystal ball says that the 'for sy...' and 'for sx...' loops are running
> to completion, but you don't get the coordinates printed because you put
> them into the 'for l in f' loop which will only run once.
>

Is there any means by which I can run this 'For l in f' loop again and
again ?

>
> The quick and dirty fix is to replace
>
> f = open(...)
>
> in the code you are not showing with
>
> f == list(open(...))
>

f is just a text file(csv format).. so why list ??


> The reasonable thing to do is of course to move the preprocessing (e.g.
> csv-
> parsing) out of the sy and sx loops.
>

I did this but again then what I intend to do is not really happening, For
every pixel I read,  I want to traverse the full file, so that the
information I am taking from pixel have to match in one of the line in the
file. Can this be done by modifying my code ? or something new has to be
devised ?




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>
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Nested For loop not running full

[inshu chauhan]

Hello everyone,

I have this part of my code where I am trying to traverse over an image by
running a for loop for both x and y co-ordinate axis. But the loop is
terminating by just reading first pixel. Can think of a reason why this is
happening ?

The code is:
for sy in xrange(0, segimage.height):
for sx in xrange(0, segimage.width):
if segimage[sy,sx] == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
continue
else:
seg_color = segimage[sy,sx]
blue = int(seg_color[0])
green = int(seg_color[1])
red = int(seg_color[2])
reg_num = blue + 256 * green + 65536 * red
for l in f:
sp = l.split(",")
if len(sp) == 14:
print sy, sx  # for checking which pixel its
reading currently
print reg_num, sp[0]  # for checking whats
happening
if reg_num == int(sp[0].strip()):
print reg_num, sp[0].strip() # for checking
whats happening
classification = int(sp[13].strip())


The inside "for loop" is for reading a csv format file from which I am
extracting some information.

Thanks in Advance for your suggestions
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Re: Running simultaneuos "FOR" loops

[inshu chauhan]

This statement is giving me the following error

Statement:
for p, k, j in zip(sorted(segments.iterkeys(), class_count.iterkeys(),
pixel_count.iterkeys())):

Error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Training_segs_trial2.py", line 170, in

access_segments(segimage, data)
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Training_segs_trial2.py", line 147, in
access_segments
for p, k, j in zip(sorted(segments.iterkeys(), class_count.iterkeys(),
pixel_count.iterkeys())):
TypeError: 'dictionary-keyiterator' object is not callable





On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:33 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:

> zip isn't doing the required
>
>
> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:28 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> Yes Simultaneously means all three running at the same time, I looked up
>> zip just now, but will it not disturb my dictionaries ?
>> And yes the dictionaries have same number of keys.
>>
>> thanks
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:16 PM, Chris Angelico wrote:
>>
>>> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 4:40 PM, inshu chauhan 
>>> wrote:
>>> > i have to implement the below line in one of my code:
>>> >
>>> > for  p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()) and for k in
>>> > sorted(class_count.iterkeys()) and for j in
>>> sorted(pixel_count.iterkeys()):
>>> >
>>> > Its giving me a syntax error which is obvious, but how can I make all
>>> three
>>> > for loop run simultaneously or any other way to do this simultaneous
>>> work
>>> > ???
>>>
>>> Define simultaneously. Do the three dictionaries have the same number
>>> of keys? If so, look up zip() or itertools.izip; if not, you may have
>>> to more clearly define "simultaneous".
>>>
>>> ChrisA
>>> --
>>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>>>
>>
>>
>
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Re: Running simultaneuos "FOR" loops

[inshu chauhan]

Thanks Gary.



>
> Be clearer about the problem please.
>
> Do you wish to produce a loop that:
>   On pass 1, each of p,k, and t hold the first item of their respective
> lists, and
>   on pass 2, each of p,k, and t hold the second item of their respective
> lists, and
>   so on
> until one (or all) lists run out?
>

Yes this is excatly what I want each loop holds the first item on each
pass.

>
> If that is what you want, then check out the zip builtin function.  But
> also consider this:  Do you care what happens if one list runs out before
> the others?
>

Yes, but all dictionaries have same number of items.

>
> Or is it something else you want?  Perhaps nested loops?
>   for  p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()):
>   for k in sorted(class_count.iterkeys()):
>   for j in sorted(pixel_count.iterkeys()):
>  # This will be run with all possible combinations of p,k, and
> t
>

No, I know about nested loops but I dont want that because all the loops
have same number of items, inner loops will run out earlier.


>
> Gary Herron
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
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Re: Running simultaneuos "FOR" loops

[inshu chauhan]

zip isn't doing the required


On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:28 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:

> Yes Simultaneously means all three running at the same time, I looked up
> zip just now, but will it not disturb my dictionaries ?
> And yes the dictionaries have same number of keys.
>
> thanks
>
>
> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:16 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:
>
>> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 4:40 PM, inshu chauhan 
>> wrote:
>> > i have to implement the below line in one of my code:
>> >
>> > for  p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()) and for k in
>> > sorted(class_count.iterkeys()) and for j in
>> sorted(pixel_count.iterkeys()):
>> >
>> > Its giving me a syntax error which is obvious, but how can I make all
>> three
>> > for loop run simultaneously or any other way to do this simultaneous
>> work
>> > ???
>>
>> Define simultaneously. Do the three dictionaries have the same number
>> of keys? If so, look up zip() or itertools.izip; if not, you may have
>> to more clearly define "simultaneous".
>>
>> ChrisA
>> --
>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>>
>
>
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Re: Running simultaneuos "FOR" loops

[inshu chauhan]

Yes Simultaneously means all three running at the same time, I looked up
zip just now, but will it not disturb my dictionaries ?
And yes the dictionaries have same number of keys.

thanks


On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 12:16 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:

> On Tue, Apr 23, 2013 at 4:40 PM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> > i have to implement the below line in one of my code:
> >
> > for  p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()) and for k in
> > sorted(class_count.iterkeys()) and for j in
> sorted(pixel_count.iterkeys()):
> >
> > Its giving me a syntax error which is obvious, but how can I make all
> three
> > for loop run simultaneously or any other way to do this simultaneous work
> > ???
>
> Define simultaneously. Do the three dictionaries have the same number
> of keys? If so, look up zip() or itertools.izip; if not, you may have
> to more clearly define "simultaneous".
>
> ChrisA
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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Running simultaneuos "FOR" loops

[inshu chauhan]

i have to implement the below line in one of my code:

for  p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()) and for k in
sorted(class_count.iterkeys()) and for j in sorted(pixel_count.iterkeys()):

Its giving me a syntax error which is obvious, but how can I make all three
for loop run simultaneously or any other way to do this simultaneous work
???
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Working with lists within Dictionaries

[inshu chauhan]

Hello Everyone,

I am trying to work with lists and dictionaries together.
In the following code I have to access pixels in a segmented image through
a dictionary. But the problem is when I am trying to update the list
through dict it is giving me this error of tuple, ofcourse because list
indices should be integer.

THE CODE IS :
import cv
def access_segments(segimage, data):
print segimage
segments = {}
for y in xrange(0, segimage.height):
for x in xrange(0, segimage.width):
if segimage[y,x] == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
continue
else:
seg_color = segimage[y,x]
blue = int(seg_color[0])
green = int(seg_color[1])
red = int(seg_color[2])
reg_num = blue + 256 * green + 65536 * red
point = data[y,x]
segments.setdefault(reg_num, [])[point] += point

for p in sorted(segments.iterkeys()):
points = (segments[p])
print len(points)
print points

if __name__== "__main__":
data = cv.Load(r"C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Masters
Thesis\data\xyz_0.yml")
segimage = cv.LoadImageM(r"C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Masters
Thesis\Segmentation\segmentation_numbers_0.tif",
cv.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED)
access_segments(segimage, data)


THE ERROR IS:



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\test_reading .py", line 27, in 
access_segments(segimage, data)
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\test_reading .py", line 16, in
access_segments
segments.setdefault(reg_num, [])[point] += point
TypeError: list indices must be integers, not tuple

How can I access the data without getting this error ? the points have x,
y, z co-ordinates.

Thanks In Advance for your suggestions.
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Can I iterate over a dictionary outside a function ?

[inshu chauhan]

I have a prog in which a functions returns a dict but when I try to iterate
over the dict using iterkeys, It shows an error. I think its because only
address of the dictionary is returned so cannot be iterated upon.

Please suggest some way by which it can be made possible to iterate over
the dictionary using  iterkeys outside the function ?
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Trying to understand working with dicts

[inshu chauhan]

Hello everyone,

Here in my part of the code where cc is a dictionary. I want to understand
what actually cc.iterkeys() and cc[k] actually doing.
I am already reading
http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#dict.items
and http://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_dictionary.htm but still
not very clear.

cc = Computesegclass(segimage, refimage)
for k in sorted(cc.iterkeys()):
i = argmax(cc[k])
print >> f, i+1

Thanks in Advance
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Error in working with Dict

[inshu chauhan]

I have this program which is working with 2 dictionaries segments,
class_counts.. but I am getting an error mentioned below the programme.

import cv
from itertools import *
from math import floor, sqrt, ceil
from numpy import array, dot, subtract, add, outer, argmax, linalg as lin


def Computesegclass(segimage, refimage):
f = open("Pixel_count_with_region_num_trial1.txt", "w")
segments = {}
class_count = {}
for y in xrange(0, segimage.height):
for x in xrange(0, segimage.width):

if segimage[y,x] == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
continue
else:
seg_color = segimage[y,x]
blue = int(seg_color[0])
green = int(seg_color[1])
red = int(seg_color[2])
region_num = blue + 256 * green + 65536 * red
#print region_num
segments[region_num] = segments.setdefault(region_num, 0) +
1
#print segments

class_color = refimage[y,x]

if class_color == (0.0,0.0,0.0):
class_number = 0  # No class
elif class_color == (0.0,255.0,0.0):
class_number = 1   # Trees
elif class_color == (255.0, 0.0, 128.0):
class_number = 2   # Buildings
elif class_color == (0.0,0.0,255.0):
class_number = 3# Automobiles
elif class_color == (255.0, 255.0, 0.0):
class_number = 4# Road Points
elif class_color == (0.0, 64.0, 128.0):
class_number = 5# Tree trunks nad branches
elif class_color == (255.0, 0.0 ,0.0):
class_number = 6# Poles
elif class_color == (255.0, 0.0, 255.0):
class_number = 7# Traffic Lights
else:
class_number = 0 # Gray Pixel

class_count.setdefault(region_num, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0])[class_number] += 1
# print class_count
for k in sorted(class_count.iterkeys()):
i = argmax(class_count[k])
print >> f, i

if __name__== "__main__":
segimage = cv.LoadImageM(r"C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Masters
Thesis\Segmentation\segmentation_numbers_0.tif",
cv.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED)
refimage = cv.LoadImageM(r"C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\Masters
Thesis\Segmentation\Hand_Classified1.tif", cv.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED)
print segimage
Computesegclass(segimage, refimage)


ERROR :

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\seg.py", line 49, in 
for k in sorted(class_count.iterkeys()):
NameError: name 'class_count' is not defined

I know this error is because I have initialized both dicts inside the
function, But why dicts are not saved out, if I intialize the dicts outside
the function, the processing is still done inside and end result I am
getting is an empty dict.


Thanks in Advance for suggestions
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working with dict : incrementing dict dynamically

[inshu chauhan]

I am trying to create a dictionary with a key and its values seraching from
a data set. But something is going wrong. This is the first time I am
working with dicts.

My code is :

import cv
def Computesegclass(segimage):
num_pixel = 0
for y in xrange(0, segimage.height):
for x in xrange(0, segimage.width):

if segimage[y,x] == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
continue
else:
color = segimage[y,x]
blue = color[0]
green = color[1]
red = color[2]
region_num = blue + 256 * green + 65536 * red
print region_num
segments = dict({region_num : num_pixel})
if region_num == region_num:
num_pixel = +1
print segments

if __name__== "__main__":
segimage =
cv.LoadImageM("Z:/Segmentation/segmentation_numbers_0.tif",
cv.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED)
print segimage
Computesegclass(segimage)


here I am traversing through an image which is 3000 x 3000. for each pixel
I calculate a region number. What I am trying to do is increase the
num_pixel by 1 if that pixel falls in the same region which is identified
by region_num. How can I do it in dict created ?

Thanx in Advance
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Re: working with csv module in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 12:04 PM, Dave Angel  wrote:

> On 02/20/2013 05:38 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 11:26 AM, Roland Koebler 
>> wrote:
>>
>>
>>> 
>>>
>>>
>>> If you only want to concat the files, I would use some shell-tools,
>>> like "cat" on Linux or "copy" on Windows, so
>>>
>>> copy C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\ForModel_600\*.arff
>>> C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\test2.arff
>>>
>>> should do it.
>>>
>>>   
>>>
>>>  Yes I just want to concat the files , not parse/mangle the files.  How
>> can
>> i simply read all files in a folder in my computer and write them into a
>> single file ? just by 'printf ' is it possible ?
>>
>>
>>
>>
> Reread Roland's message, quoted above for your convenience.
>
> Not sure what you mean by printf.  Why would you use C to do it?
>
> If you need to do it in Python, remember you can read a file with the
> read() method, and write one with the write() method.  They pay no
> attention to newlines, delimiters or anything else.  Just create the output
> file, then in a loop open the input files and loop through each (read
> doesn't necessarily get the whole thing in one pass)
>
> You'll spend lots more energy on the mechanics of finding the files then
> on the copying.  But perhaps the shutil module will have some further
> shortcuts.
>
> --
> DaveA
> --
> http://mail.python.org/**mailman/listinfo/python-list<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list>
>

You are right Dave, printf was a blunder
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Re: working with csv module in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 11:38 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:

>
>
>
> On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 11:26 AM, Roland Koebler wrote:
>
>> Hi,
>>
>> On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 10:50:54AM +0100, inshu chauhan wrote:
>> > I have 10 simple text files with 3 columns x,y,z delimited by "space".
>> I am
>> > trying to combine these 10 files to get a single text file.
>> >
>> > Eg. of data in 10 files is
>> > 299 446 2
>> Do you only want to concat the files, or do you want to parse/mangle
>> them?
>>
>> If you only want to concat the files, I would use some shell-tools,
>> like "cat" on Linux or "copy" on Windows, so
>>
>> copy C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\ForModel_600\*.arff
>> C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test2.arff
>>
>> should do it.
>>
>> > Can in some some way I set delimiter to NULL as the prog gives me error
>> if
>> > I do so.
>> Of course -- a CSV without a delimiter doesn't make any sense.
>>
>> > I dont why there is space between the attribute of first column in
>> > reading and there is space between every row too..
>> Because there's a "split()" missing in your code. You currently tell the
>> CSV-writer to write the columns 2,9,9, , , ,4,4,6, , , ,2 as
>> space-separated CSV. So, try something like
>> rows = [r.split() for r in open(f, "r").readlines()]
>>
>> > Or can I merge these text files without using csv module , directly in
>> > python ?
>> If you don't need to parse/mangle the contents, you don't need the csv
>> module. Simple open the resulting file for writing, and then read out
>> the source files and write their contents into the resulting file.
>>
>>
>> Yes I just want to concat the files , not parse/mangle the files.  How
> can i simply read all files in a folder in my computer and write them into
> a single file ? just by 'printf ' is it possible ?
>
>
> For simple concating the files , I tried the following code :

 import glob

with open(r"C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test2.arff", "w") as w:
print w
for f in glob.glob(r"C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\For
Model_600\*.arff"):
g = f.read()
w.write(g)


But I think I am having an obvious error :



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\Concatfiles.py", line 6, in 
g = f.read()
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'read'

Here I am trying to refer the files stored in my folder by 'f',  Why read()
is not working ?
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Re: working with csv module in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 11:26 AM, Roland Koebler  wrote:

> Hi,
>
> On Wed, Feb 20, 2013 at 10:50:54AM +0100, inshu chauhan wrote:
> > I have 10 simple text files with 3 columns x,y,z delimited by "space". I
> am
> > trying to combine these 10 files to get a single text file.
> >
> > Eg. of data in 10 files is
> > 299 446 2
> Do you only want to concat the files, or do you want to parse/mangle
> them?
>
> If you only want to concat the files, I would use some shell-tools,
> like "cat" on Linux or "copy" on Windows, so
>
> copy C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\ForModel_600\*.arff
> C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test2.arff
>
> should do it.
>
> > Can in some some way I set delimiter to NULL as the prog gives me error
> if
> > I do so.
> Of course -- a CSV without a delimiter doesn't make any sense.
>
> > I dont why there is space between the attribute of first column in
> > reading and there is space between every row too..
> Because there's a "split()" missing in your code. You currently tell the
> CSV-writer to write the columns 2,9,9, , , ,4,4,6, , , ,2 as
> space-separated CSV. So, try something like
> rows = [r.split() for r in open(f, "r").readlines()]
>
> > Or can I merge these text files without using csv module , directly in
> > python ?
> If you don't need to parse/mangle the contents, you don't need the csv
> module. Simple open the resulting file for writing, and then read out
> the source files and write their contents into the resulting file.
>
>
> Yes I just want to concat the files , not parse/mangle the files.  How can
i simply read all files in a folder in my computer and write them into a
single file ? just by 'printf ' is it possible ?
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working with csv module in python

[inshu chauhan]

I have 10 simple text files with 3 columns x,y,z delimited by "space". I am
trying to combine these 10 files to get a single text file.

Eg. of data in 10 files is
299 446 2


I had written this prog for merging files:


import csv
import glob

with open(r"C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test2.arff", "w") as w:
writer = csv.writer(w, delimiter = ' ', quotechar = ' ' ,quoting =
csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
for f in glob.glob(r"C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\For
Model_600\*.arff"):
rows = open(f, "r").readlines()
writer.writerows(rows)



But the result after merging the files is not I need , it is something like
:
2 9 9  4 4 6  2


2 9 9  4 4 7  2


2 9 9  4 4 8  2


2 9 8  4 4 9  2


Can in some some way I set delimiter to NULL as the prog gives me error if
I do so. I dont why there is space between the attribute of first column in
reading and there is space between every row too..

Or can I merge these text files without using csv module , directly in
python ?

Looking forward to your suggestions.

Thanks in advance !!!
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Re: IOerror : need urgent help

[inshu chauhan]

On Tue, Feb 19, 2013 at 4:54 PM, MRAB  wrote:

> On 2013-02-19 15:27, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> Here is my attempt to merge 10 files stored in a folder into a single
>> file :
>>
>> import csv
>>
>> with open("C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\test.arff", "w") as w:
>>      writer = csv.writer(w)
>>  for f in glob.glob("C:\Users\inshu.**chauhan\Desktop\For
>> Model_600\*.arff"):
>>  rows = open(f, "r").readlines()
>>  writer.writerows(rows)
>>
>>
>> Error:
>>
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>File "C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\Mergefiles.py", line 3, in
>> 
>>  with open("C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\test.arff", "w") as w:
>> IOError: [Errno 22] invalid mode ('w') or filename:
>> 'C:\\Users\\inshu.chauhan\\**Desktop\test.arff'
>>
>> Why my programme is not working ?? :(
>>
>>  Look at the traceback. It says that the path is:
>
> 'C:\\Users\\inshu.chauhan\\**Desktop\test.arff'
>
> All but one of the backslashes are doubled.
>
> That's because the backslash character \ starts an escape sequence, but
> if it can't recognise the escape sequence, it treats the backslash as a
> literal character.
>
> In that string literal, '\t' is an escape sequence representing a tab
> character (it's equal to chr(9)), but '\U', '\i' and '\D' are not
> escape sequences, so they are equivalent to '\\U, '\\i' and '\\D'
> respectively.
>
> What you should do is use raw string literals for paths:
>
>
> r"C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\**Desktop\test.arff"
>
> or use '/' instead (Windows allows it as an alternative, unless it
> occurs initially, which you'll rarely want to do in practice):
>
> "C:/Users/inshu.chauhan/**Desktop/test.arff"
>
> --
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>

Thanks I understood the problem now and my programme is working !!
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IOerror : need urgent help

[inshu chauhan]

Here is my attempt to merge 10 files stored in a folder into a single file :

import csv

with open("C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test.arff", "w") as w:
writer = csv.writer(w)
for f in glob.glob("C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\For
Model_600\*.arff"):
rows = open(f, "r").readlines()
writer.writerows(rows)


Error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\Mergefiles.py", line 3, in 
with open("C:\Users\inshu.chauhan\Desktop\test.arff", "w") as w:
IOError: [Errno 22] invalid mode ('w') or filename:
'C:\\Users\\inshu.chauhan\\Desktop\test.arff'

Why my programme is not working ?? :(

Thanks in Advance !!
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Re: Error in reading and writing CSV format file in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Mon, Feb 11, 2013 at 3:22 PM, Dave Angel  wrote:

> On 02/11/2013 06:00 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> In the programme below I am trying to read two csv format files and
>> process
>> them and write a new file with some of theirs data.
>>
>> import csv
>> f1_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
>> work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_**00.arff"))
>> f2_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
>> work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_**00_noxy+class.arff"))
>> nf = open(r"Z:\Weka work\classified_image00_**withoutxy.arff", "w")
>>
>> while True:
>>  l1 = f1_reader.next()
>>  while len(l1) != 12:
>>  l1 = f1_reader.next()
>>  l2 = f2_reader.next()
>>  while len(l2) != 11:
>>  l2 = f2_reader.next()
>>
>>  ix = l1[0].strip()
>>  iy = l1[1].strip()
>>  classification = l2[8].strip()
>>
>>  print >> nf, ix, iy, classification
>>
>> nf.close()
>>
>> This programme is giving me this error now :
>>
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>File "Z:\Weka work\final_image_**classificationwithoutxy.py", line
>> 16, in
>> 
>>  l2 = f2_reader.next()
>> StopIteration
>>
>>
>> what could be a possible reason to StopIteration ???
>>
>>
>> I checked the syntax and usage of this module looks alright to me , but
>> then why this error ?
>>
>>
>>
> That's not an error, it's just a normal way to end a for-loop.  If you
> were using a syntax like:
>   for item in f2_reader:
>
> the StopIteration would simply end the loop.  Since you're doing it
> manually, you have to handle the exception yourself.
>
>
> --
> DaveA
> --
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>

Yes , therefore I used try and except.
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Re: Error in reading and writing CSV format file in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Mon, Feb 11, 2013 at 2:02 PM, MRAB  wrote:

> On 2013-02-11 12:44, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>>
>> On Mon, Feb 11, 2013 at 1:26 PM, Steven D'Aprano
>> 
>> <mailto:steve+comp.lang.**pyt...@pearwood.info>>
>> wrote:
>>
>> inshu chauhan wrote:
>>
>>  > In the programme below I am trying to read two csv format files and
>>  > process them and write a new file with some of theirs data.
>>  >
>>  > import csv
>>  > f1_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
>>  > work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_**00.arff"))
>>  > f2_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
>>  > work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_**00_noxy+class.arff"))
>>  > nf = open(r"Z:\Weka work\classified_image00_**withoutxy.arff",
>> "w")
>>  >
>>  > while True:
>>  > l1 = f1_reader.next()
>>  > while len(l1) != 12:
>>  > l1 = f1_reader.next()
>>  > l2 = f2_reader.next()
>>  > while len(l2) != 11:
>>  > l2 = f2_reader.next()
>>  >
>>  > ix = l1[0].strip()
>>  > iy = l1[1].strip()
>>  > classification = l2[8].strip()
>>  >
>>  > print >> nf, ix, iy, classification
>>  >
>>  > nf.close()
>>  >
>>  > This programme is giving me this error now :
>>  >
>>  > Traceback (most recent call last):
>>  >   File "Z:\Weka work\final_image_**classificationwithoutxy.py",
>> line 16, in
>>  > 
>>  > l2 = f2_reader.next()
>>  > StopIteration
>>  >
>>  >
>>  > what could be a possible reason to StopIteration ???
>>
>> next() raises StopIteration when there is nothing else to return.
>>
>>
>> py> it = iter([1, 2, 3])
>> py> it.next()
>> 1
>> py> it.next()
>> 2
>> py> it.next()
>> 3
>> py> it.next()
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>File "", line 1, in 
>> StopIteration
>>
>>
>> You have reached the end of the file and there is nothing else for
>> the CSV
>> reader to return, so it raises StopIteration.
>>
>>
>>
>> But why does it has nothing to return so early before traversing the
>> whole file ? Is there any way it can be corrected ?  And also the
>> programme isn't writing anything to the file ?
>>
>>  Try adding some logging so that you can see what it's doing. A simple way
> would be something like:
>
> log_file = open(r"Z:\Weka work\log.txt", "w")
>
> ...
>
> l1 = f1_reader.next()
> print >> log_file, "Read from f1:", l1
> print >> log_file, "Length is", len(l1)
>
> while len(l1) != 12:
> l1 = f1_reader.next()
> print >> log_file, "Read from f1:", l1
> print >> log_file, "Length is", len(l1)
>
> and so on.
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>


Thanks :) This worked !!!
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Re: Error in reading and writing CSV format file in python

[inshu chauhan]

On Mon, Feb 11, 2013 at 1:26 PM, Steven D'Aprano <
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info> wrote:

> inshu chauhan wrote:
>
> > In the programme below I am trying to read two csv format files and
> > process them and write a new file with some of theirs data.
> >
> > import csv
> > f1_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
> > work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_00.arff"))
> > f2_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
> > work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_00_noxy+class.arff"))
> > nf = open(r"Z:\Weka work\classified_image00_withoutxy.arff", "w")
> >
> > while True:
> > l1 = f1_reader.next()
> > while len(l1) != 12:
> > l1 = f1_reader.next()
> > l2 = f2_reader.next()
> > while len(l2) != 11:
> > l2 = f2_reader.next()
> >
> > ix = l1[0].strip()
> > iy = l1[1].strip()
> > classification = l2[8].strip()
> >
> > print >> nf, ix, iy, classification
> >
> > nf.close()
> >
> > This programme is giving me this error now :
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "Z:\Weka work\final_image_classificationwithoutxy.py", line 16, in
> > 
> > l2 = f2_reader.next()
> > StopIteration
> >
> >
> > what could be a possible reason to StopIteration ???
>
> next() raises StopIteration when there is nothing else to return.
>
>
> py> it = iter([1, 2, 3])
> py> it.next()
> 1
> py> it.next()
> 2
> py> it.next()
> 3
> py> it.next()
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
> StopIteration
>
>
> You have reached the end of the file and there is nothing else for the CSV
> reader to return, so it raises StopIteration.
>


But why does it has nothing to return so early before traversing the whole
file ? Is there any way it can be corrected ?  And also the programme isn't
writing anything to the file ?

>
>
>
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Error in reading and writing CSV format file in python

[inshu chauhan]

In the programme below I am trying to read two csv format files and process
them and write a new file with some of theirs data.

import csv
f1_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_00.arff"))
f2_reader = csv.reader(open(r"Z:\Weka
work\Feature_Vectors_Fullset_00_noxy+class.arff"))
nf = open(r"Z:\Weka work\classified_image00_withoutxy.arff", "w")

while True:
l1 = f1_reader.next()
while len(l1) != 12:
l1 = f1_reader.next()
l2 = f2_reader.next()
while len(l2) != 11:
l2 = f2_reader.next()

ix = l1[0].strip()
iy = l1[1].strip()
classification = l2[8].strip()

print >> nf, ix, iy, classification

nf.close()

This programme is giving me this error now :

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:\Weka work\final_image_classificationwithoutxy.py", line 16, in

l2 = f2_reader.next()
StopIteration


what could be a possible reason to StopIteration ???


I checked the syntax and usage of this module looks alright to me , but
then why this error ?


Thankyou in Advance
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Re: Run time Error

[inshu chauhan]

On Tue, Feb 5, 2013 at 3:10 PM, Roy Smith  wrote:

> In article ,
>  inshu chauhan  wrote:
>
> > Hello all,
> >
> > I am trying to run a small code of mine but I am getting a run time
> error.
> > What is actually meant by run time error ? it is saying to contact
> > programme administrator something. Why one would get this error ? and how
> > to remove it ?
>
> Start by telling us:
>
> 1) What code you are running (copy-paste the exact source code).
>
> 2) What error message you got (likewise, copy-paste the exact message).
>
> 3) What version of Python you're running.
>
> 4) What system and version you're running it on (Linux, OSX, Windows,
> etc).
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>

Thans to all.. but  I resolved the problem :)
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Run time Error

[inshu chauhan]

Hello all,

I am trying to run a small code of mine but I am getting a run time error.
What is actually meant by run time error ? it is saying to contact
programme administrator something. Why one would get this error ? and how
to remove it ?
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

On Wed, Jan 30, 2013 at 2:23 PM, Dave Angel  wrote:

> On 01/30/2013 05:43 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 6:05 PM, Dennis Lee Bieber > >wrote:
>>
>>  On Mon, 28 Jan 2013 14:31:31 +0100, inshu chauhan
>>>  declaimed the following in
>>> gmane.comp.python.general:
>>>
>>>  In the code below I am trying to read 2 files f1 and f2 , extract some
>>>>
>>> data
>>>
>>>> from them and then trying to write them into a single file that is 'nf'.
>>>>
>>>> import cv
>>>> f1 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_**Vectors_300.arff")
>>>> f2 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_**Vectors_300_Pclass.arff")
>>>> nf = open(r"Z:\modules\trial.arff", "w")
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> for l in f1:
>>>>  sp = l.split(",")
>>>>
>>>
>>>  If you are going to be splitting on commas, you might want to
>>> read
>>> up on the csv (comma separate values) module
>>>
>>>
>> The  csv module has many fuctions but not of much use to me and it makes
>> my
>> programme slower
>>
>>
>>>
>>>>  if len(sp)!= 12:
>>>>  continue
>>>>  else:
>>>>
>>>
>>>  Given the apparent block structure, you could drop the
>>> continue/else, and more cleanly just use
>>>
>>>
>> Yeah, Thats Right
>>
>>
>>>  if len(sp) == 12:
>>>
>>>>  ix = sp[0].strip()
>>>>  iy = sp[1].strip()
>>>>  print ix, iy
>>>>
>>>> for s in f2:
>>>>
>>>
>>>  It's been mentioned that the indentation is wrong here
>>>
>>>
>> I dont know why the indentation is wrong ?
>>
>
> Your for statement is not lined up with the print that precedes it.  If
> your code were really that way, you'd be getting an indentation error. So
> we assume it's because your email editor is mangling the code.  Post in
> text email, not in html.
>
>
>
>>
>>>   st = s.split(",")
>>>>
>>>>   csv module again
>>>
>>>   if len(st)!= 11:
>>>>  continue
>>>>  else:
>>>>
>>>
>>>  I'm tempted to repeat the comment on reversing the conditional
>>> BUT
>>>
>>>   clas = st[10].strip()
>>>>
>>>>   print ix, iy, clas
>>>>   print >> nf, ix, iy, clas
>>>>
>>>>   The indentation of the print statements is not aligned with
>>> the
>>> previous assignment -- the effect is the same however as everything
>>> under the else is executed anyway.
>>>
>>>  But as has also been mentioned, ignoring indentation, the
>>> apparent
>>> algorithm you have here is going to process every line of f2 for the
>>> first line of f1 -- and then for later lines in f1 it will find f2 is at
>>> the end of file, and do nothing. If it is supposed to process every line
>>> of f2 for each line of f1, you'll need to rewind f2.
>>>
>>>
>> For that I added 'Break' statement as suggested by Chris in above mails.
>>
>>
>>>  If you mean to match one line of f1 with one line of f2, you do
>>> not
>>> want nested loops. But now you have to define the behavior if one of the
>>> two files is correct length and the other is not? Do you skip both or
>>> read the next line from the wrong length file? And how will you handle
>>> files with different numbers of records.
>>>
>>>
>> Yes , actually my Prog was like this :
>> for l in f1:
>>  sp = l.split(",")
>>
>>  if len(sp)!= 12:
>>  continue
>>  else:
>>  ix = sp[0].strip()
>>  iy = sp[1].strip()
>>
>>
>> for s in f2:
>>
>
> This is not nested, it's back at the left margin.  Or it could be posting
> wrong because you're still posting in html, instead of plain text email.




> Yes My Initial code was not nested at the same time of no use too,  I am
> trying to use zip() now :) :) nyways..
>
>
>   st = s.split(",")
>>
>>  if len(st)!= 11:
>>  continue
>>  else:
>>  clas = st[10].strip()
>>
>>  print ix, iy, clas
>>  print >> nf, ix, iy, clas
>>  break
>>
>>
>> f1.close()
>> f2.close()
>> nf.close()
>>
>> I actually dont want nested loops but cant find another way to achieve
>> what
>> I want, But for these files I am sure that they have equal lengths, thats
>> why I am taking the risk of using nested loops.
>>
>
> You have that backwards.  Because you say you can assume they're the same
> length, you don't need the flexibility (and unreadability) of the nested
> approach.  The zip approach works great, and nested is unnecessary.
>
>
> . Can you suggest any
>
>> different way to go around this problem , which could be flexible and
>> non-errorneous ?
>>
>>
>>
>
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

On Mon, Jan 28, 2013 at 6:05 PM, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:

> On Mon, 28 Jan 2013 14:31:31 +0100, inshu chauhan
>  declaimed the following in
> gmane.comp.python.general:
>
> > In the code below I am trying to read 2 files f1 and f2 , extract some
> data
> > from them and then trying to write them into a single file that is 'nf'.
> >
> > import cv
> > f1 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300.arff")
> > f2 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300_Pclass.arff")
> > nf = open(r"Z:\modules\trial.arff", "w")
> >
> >
> > for l in f1:
> > sp = l.split(",")
>
> If you are going to be splitting on commas, you might want to read
> up on the csv (comma separate values) module
>

The  csv module has many fuctions but not of much use to me and it makes my
programme slower

>
> >
> > if len(sp)!= 12:
> > continue
> > else:
>
> Given the apparent block structure, you could drop the
> continue/else, and more cleanly just use
>

Yeah, Thats Right

>
> if len(sp) == 12:
> > ix = sp[0].strip()
> > iy = sp[1].strip()
> > print ix, iy
> >
> >for s in f2:
>
> It's been mentioned that the indentation is wrong here
>

I dont know why the indentation is wrong ?

>
> > st = s.split(",")
> >
> csv module again
>
> > if len(st)!= 11:
> > continue
> > else:
>
> I'm tempted to repeat the comment on reversing the conditional BUT
>
> > clas = st[10].strip()
> >
> >  print ix, iy, clas
> >  print >> nf, ix, iy, clas
> >
> The indentation of the print statements is not aligned with the
> previous assignment -- the effect is the same however as everything
> under the else is executed anyway.
>
> But as has also been mentioned, ignoring indentation, the apparent
> algorithm you have here is going to process every line of f2 for the
> first line of f1 -- and then for later lines in f1 it will find f2 is at
> the end of file, and do nothing. If it is supposed to process every line
> of f2 for each line of f1, you'll need to rewind f2.
>

For that I added 'Break' statement as suggested by Chris in above mails.

>
> If you mean to match one line of f1 with one line of f2, you do not
> want nested loops. But now you have to define the behavior if one of the
> two files is correct length and the other is not? Do you skip both or
> read the next line from the wrong length file? And how will you handle
> files with different numbers of records.
>

Yes , actually my Prog was like this :
for l in f1:
sp = l.split(",")

if len(sp)!= 12:
continue
else:
ix = sp[0].strip()
iy = sp[1].strip()


for s in f2:
st = s.split(",")

if len(st)!= 11:
continue
else:
clas = st[10].strip()

print ix, iy, clas
print >> nf, ix, iy, clas
break


f1.close()
f2.close()
nf.close()

I actually dont want nested loops but cant find another way to achieve what
I want, But for these files I am sure that they have equal lengths, thats
why I am taking the risk of using nested loops.. Can you suggest any
different way to go around this problem , which could be flexible and
non-errorneous ?


>
>
>
> --
> Wulfraed Dennis Lee Bieber AF6VN
> wlfr...@ix.netcom.comHTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/
>
> --
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>
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

>>
>>
>>
> That's  "zip"  not  "Zip"
>
> Have you tried looking at the docs?  Or even typing help(zip) at the
> python interpreter prompt?
>
> In rough terms, zip takes one element (line) from each of the iterators,
> and creates a new list that holds tuples of those elements.  If you use it
> in this form:
>
>  for item1, item2 in zip(iter1, iter2):
>
> then item1 will be the first item of iter1, and item2 will be the first
> item of iter2.  You then process them, and loop around.  It stops when
> either iterator runs out of items.
>
> https://duckduckgo.com/?q=**python+zip
>gives me 
> http://docs.python.org/2/**library/functions.html#zip
>
> as the first link.
>
> This will read the entire content of both files into the list, so if they
> are more than 100meg or so, you might want to use  izip().  (In Python3.x,
>  zip will do what izip does on Python 2.x)
>
>
>
> --
> DaveA
> --
> http://mail.python.org/**mailman/listinfo/python-list
>



Thanks Dave, I am Sorry ,  true I dint look up for it because as per the
Suggetion by Chris, 'break' does solve my problem but I wanted to know a
little about 'zip' for I encounter any other problem, parsing these two
files.
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

Your current logic tries to scan through the first file, and for each line
that has 12 elements, scans through the entire second file.  It fails to
actually do it, because you never do a seek on the second file.

>
> Now it appears your requirement is entirely different.  I believe you have
> two text files each having the same number of lines.  You want to loop
> through the pair of lines (once from each file, doing some kind of
> processing and printing).  If that's the case, your nested loop is the
> wrong thing, and you can forget my caveat about nesting file reads.
>
> What you want is the zip() function
>
> for l,s in zip(f1, f2):
> #you now have one line from each file,
> #   which you can then validate and process
>
> Note, this assumes that when a line is "bad" from either file, you're
> going to also ignore the corresponding line from the other.  If you have to
> accommodate variable misses in the lining up, then your work is *much*
> harder.
>
>
>
>
>
> Actually these are Arff files used in Weka (Data Mining ), So they have a
certain amount of header information which is the same in both files(in
same no. of lines too )  and both files have equal lines, So when I read
basically In both files I am trying to ignore the Header information.

then it is like reading first line from f1 and first line from f2,
extracting the data I want from each file and simply write it to a third
file line by line...

What does actually Zip function do ?

Thanks and Regards
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

> In that case, Dave's suggestion to read into a list and iterate over
> the list is to be strongly considered. But I'm not entirely sure what
> your goal is here. Are you trying to make the Cartesian product of the
> two files, where you have one line in the output for each possible
> pair of matching lines? That is, for each line in the first file, you
> make a line in the output for each line in the second? That's what
> your code will currently do.
>

No , I dont want that , actually both files have equal no of lines, I want
to read the first line of f1 , take 2 datas from it, nd then read first
line of f2, take data from it,
then print them to the same first line of new file i.e nf.

>
> ChrisA
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Re: Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

Yes Chris, I understand, My Original code was

for l in f1:
sp = l.split(",")

if len(sp)!= 12:
continue
else:
ix = sp[0].strip()
iy = sp[1].strip()


for s in f2:
st = s.split(",")

if len(st)!= 11:
continue
else:
clas = st[10].strip()

print ix, iy, clas
print >> nf, ix, iy, clas

f1.close()
f2.close()
nf.close()

where f1 contains something like :

297, 404, , 
298, 404, , ..
299, 404, .
.  ..
295, 452, 

and f2 contains something like :

 7
. 2
2
.7

and what I want to be written in the new file i.e. nf is something like:

297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 7
297 404 2
297 404 2
297 404 2
297 404 2
297 404 2

which m getting but partially correct because only last value is changing
not the first two... which should not happen.. In every loop all the three
values should change..
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Reading data from 2 different files and writing to a single file

[inshu chauhan]

In the code below I am trying to read 2 files f1 and f2 , extract some data
from them and then trying to write them into a single file that is 'nf'.

import cv
f1 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300.arff")
f2 = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300_Pclass.arff")
nf = open(r"Z:\modules\trial.arff", "w")


for l in f1:
sp = l.split(",")

if len(sp)!= 12:
continue
else:
ix = sp[0].strip()
iy = sp[1].strip()
print ix, iy

   for s in f2:
st = s.split(",")

if len(st)!= 11:
continue
else:
clas = st[10].strip()

 print ix, iy, clas
 print >> nf, ix, iy, clas

f1.close()
f2.close()
nf.close()


I think my code is not so correct , as I am not getting desired results and
logically it follows also but I am stuck , cannot find a way around this
simple problem of writing to a same file.. Please suggest some good
pythonic way I can do it..


Thanks in Advance
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Re: using split for a string : error

[inshu chauhan]

Thanks a lot people.. :).. :)



On Thu, Jan 24, 2013 at 1:10 PM, Tobias M.  wrote:

> Am 24.01.2013 13:02, schrieb Chris Angelico:
>
>  On Thu, Jan 24, 2013 at 10:58 PM, Tobias M.  wrote:
>>
>>> Chris Angelico wrote:
>>>
 I'd not consider the performance, but the correctness. If you're
 expecting them to be integers, just cast them, and specifically
 _don't_ catch ValueError. Any non-integer value will then noisily
 abort the script. (It may be worth checking for blank first, though,
 depending on the data origin.)

>>> Well, when I said you should catch the ValueError I didn't imply you
>>> should
>>> ignore the error and supress any error messages. Of course this depents
>>> on
>>> the use case. Maybe you want to raise another exception with a more user
>>> friendly error message or you might want to skip the line and just print
>>> a
>>> warning. :)
>>>
>>> What I'm trying to say: When I give a script/program to a user who is
>>> not a
>>> python programmer I don't want him to see an error message like
>>> "ValueError:
>>> invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'abc'" as this would help him in
>>> no
>>> way.
>>>
>> Sure. Definitely. But for a proglet where the programmer IS the user
>> (which I think is one of Python's best use-cases), that exception
>> landing on the console is better than having to think ahead of time
>> about what might go wrong.
>>
>> ChrisA
>>
> Okay, I absolutely agree with that :)
>
> Tobias
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Re: using split for a string : error

[inshu chauhan]

On Thu, Jan 24, 2013 at 11:55 AM, Tobias M.  wrote:

>  Hi,
>
> do a "print sp" after the split and you might see that the strings don't
> look as you expected. There might be leading or trailing whitespaces in the
> splitted strings and in sp[10] there probably is a line break "\n" at the
> end.
> To remove those unwanted characters you could use the strip() function.
>
> So your code could be:
>
> if sp[9].strip() == sp[10].strip():
>
> print "Same class"
> else:
> print "Different class"
>
> At least this works for me when I tried it...
>
> Am 24.01.2013 11:37, schrieb inshu chauhan:
>
>   Here I have a code which basically reads a csv file, tries to compare
> the last 2 items in each line of the file.
>
> f = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300_Pclass.arff")
> for l in f:
> sp = l.split(",")
> if len(sp) != 11:
> print >> of, l,
>
> else:
> #print sp[9], sp[10]
> if sp[9] == sp[10]:
> print " Same class"
> else :
> print "Different class"
>
> f.close()
>
>  For me I think the programme is logically correct, but its giving me
> results which are strange.
>  It is  Printing " Different Class"  even when sp[9] is equal to sp[10]
> and "Same class" when sp[9] is not equal to sp[10].  and sp[9] and sp[10]
> are simple integers like 3, 3, 4 ,4.
>
>  I have a little understanding why the programme is behaving like this ?
>
>
>  Yeah I tried printing, there were trailing white spaces, so i used
> strip() and IT Worked !!! :)
>

Thank you

>
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>
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using split for a string : error

[inshu chauhan]

Here I have a code which basically reads a csv file, tries to compare the
last 2 items in each line of the file.

f = open(r"Z:\modules\Feature_Vectors_300_Pclass.arff")
for l in f:
sp = l.split(",")
if len(sp) != 11:
print >> of, l,

else:
#print sp[9], sp[10]
if sp[9] == sp[10]:
print " Same class"
else :
print "Different class"

f.close()

For me I think the programme is logically correct, but its giving me
results which are strange.
It is  Printing " Different Class"  even when sp[9] is equal to sp[10] and
"Same class" when sp[9] is not equal to sp[10].  and sp[9] and sp[10] are
simple integers like 3, 3, 4 ,4.

I have a little understanding why the programme is behaving like this ?
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Re: Error .. Please Help

[inshu chauhan]

>
> if-else doesn't define a loop, but each of the for statements do.
>
> You have defined a classification for 8 of the possible colors, leaving
> millions of them undefined.  If the first time through the loop you
> manage to hit one of those undefined ones, you'll have no value for
> classification.  So you get an exception.
>

Yes, You are right that I will hit an exception if classification doesnot
have any value.
But as for the colors, actually I myself have colored the image using these
8 colors
but still I think in some pixels I have put more than 1 color, thats why
different colors are being encountered.

>
> Worse, if you manage to get past that first pixel with a valid
> classification, then for remaining pixels, you'll be using the last
> 'valid' classification encountered.  This is the kind of "quiet failure"
> that programmers dread.  Something that seems to work, but isn't even
> close.
>

For this I put an else clause at end but is there a better way to avoid
this kind of situation ??

>
> If you're going to print (to file) on each iteration through the loop
> (except 0,0,0), you need to make sure there's always a valid value.  So
> you need at least one more classification value, and an else clause to
> assign it, as ChrisA pointed out.
>
> Do you have a reason for treating (0,0,0) specially?  When that value is
> seen, the logic skips the print as well, since continue skips to the
> next loop iteration.
>

Yes , I have to skip (0,0,0), that is a kind of requirement.

>
> Are you really getting floating point values, or are they always going
> to be equal to an integer?  Those if/elif statements might be a problem
> if you ever need to compare to a value like (128.4, 255.0, 255.0).
>

I dont have values with decimal part, All values are integer.

>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
>
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Error .. Please Help

[inshu chauhan]

In this code :

import cv
g = open("PointCloudmitClass.txt", "w")
image = cv.LoadImageM("Z:/modules/intensity_01.tif",
cv.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED)
print image
for y in xrange(0,image.height):
for x in xrange(0,image.width):
color = image[y,x]
if color == (0.0,0.0,0.0):
continue
else :

if color == (0.0,255.0,0.0):
classification = 1
elif color == (128.0, 0.0, 255.0):
classification = 2
elif color == (255.0,0.0,0.0):
classification = 3
elif color == (128.0, 128.0, 128.0):
classification = 4
elif color == (128.0, 64.0, 0.0):
classification = 5
elif color == (0.0, 0.0, 255.0):
classification = 6
elif color == (255.0, 0.0, 255.0):
classification = 7

print >> g, x , y , color, classification


I am getting the following error..

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:\modules\Get_Classification.py", line 27, in 
print >> g, x , y , color, classification
NameError: name 'classification' is not defined

Its simple error of name but m not getting why it should come as I have
already defined Classification in between if-else loop ??

Thanks in Advance !!!


IC
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

I guess I have to use try and except as Chris suggested, this isn't working.
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

> >
> > def GenerateRing(x,y, N): Generates square rings around a point in data
> which has 300 columns(x) and 3000
> > rows(y)
> > indices = []
> > for i in xrange(-N, N):
> > indices.append((x+i, y-N))
> > indices.append((x+N, y+i))
> > indices.append((x-i, y+N))
> > indices.append((x-N, y-i))
> > return indices
>
> No, this creates a one dimensional list with 2N elements of where each
> element is a two item tuple.
>
> Yes, in programme it returns a list of tuples but pysically it is creating
a ring .

>
>  I need help in this part as I am
> > unable to device a method in which if the points are out of index,it
> should stop and
> > if idx[0] >= 300 and idx[1] >= 3000:
> go to next centre and start generating
> > rings from there.. and again if the index is out of range .. this should
> repeat
> > continue
> > else :
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
>
> You can use a few different methods. This is just one example.
>
> for idx, temp_point in enumerate(new_indices):
> try:
> temp_point[0]
> temp_point[1]
> except Exception: #Should be IndexError I think.
> print 'idx: {0}\ntemp_point:{1}'.format(idx, temp_point)
> # Possibly add a break or exit so you do not have to
> # keep going once you hit a failure.
> point = data[temp_point[0], temp_point[1]]
>
>
>
Thank you for the suggestion.


> What is `data`? I have not seen any built-in structure that takes
> a tuple in this manner...unless it is a dictionary. Or from numpy.
> Given my lack of knowledge of what `data`, it could be the
> problem is there. That is one reason I accessed `temp_point[0]` and
> `temp_point[1]` separately.
>

Data is an image.

>
>
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 73, in 
> > ComputeClasses(data)
> >   File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 49, in ComputeClasses
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> > error: index is out of range
> >
>
> Is that the actual error? If so, then the problem is not `idx` or
> `temp_point` but instead `data`. If it is not the exact error, please
> copy and paste the error message *exactly* as given.
>


Sorry but this is the actual error .
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

>
> >
> >> Yes i tried "or" also but no use .
>
> Explain "no use".  If you mean you still fail, then what else did you
> try?  For example, did you try interchanging the two subscripts?  I've
> suspected all along that the meanings of row and column, x and y, [0]
> and [1], height and width are possibly confused.  Perhaps it'd be better
> if you used a similar terminology everywhere.
>

I tried using "or" instead of "and" interchanging also, still the index
error is coming.
x is no of column(300)  and y is no of rows(3000), [0] corresponds to x
i.e. column and [1]  corresponds to y i.e. row and
lastly height is y i.e row and width is column i.e. x


>
> Or perhaps you should simply make a class called Point, with attributes
> x and y.  And use instances of that class rather than tuples.  And start
> the function by defining  xmax and ymax, from  data.height and
> data.width (in whatever order matches the docs of that library you're
> using)
>

Ok

> should be added only when this condition is satisfied
> print point
> points.append(point)
> change = True
> print change
>
>
> break

 Why do you want to terminate the loop after only iteration?


> >>>   
> > The idea here is if no more point is added to the list of points i.e. all
> > points surrounding the centre is zero.. I want to break the loop and go
> to
> > the next point..
> >
> That's not at all what the break does.  But it's probably not what you
> meant to say anyway.
> >
> I think what you're saying is that you want to append at most one of the
> points from the ring.  In that case, the break is appropriate, but it'd
> be much clearer if it were inside the clause that triggers it, the place
> where you say points.append(point).  (naturally, it'd be at the end of
> that clause, following print change.)  In other words indent it to line
> up with print change.
>

Yes done that.. I totally agree..

>
> Back to an earlier comment.  I asked if N was ever bigger than x or
> bigger than y, and you said never.  But your ComputeClasses will have
> such a case the very first time around, when cx==0, cy==0, and
> ring_number == 1.
>

I doubt this , M confused..

>
> Have you actually tested a trivial nested loop:
>
>for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
> for cx in xrange(0, data.width):
> point = data[cy, cx]
>
> to see whether it blows up.  And if it does, whether reversing cy and cx
> will change it?
>

Yes , I tested this. Its working fine, reversing cy and cx is not correct

>
>
> Your comment in the line:
>  if  dist < radius :and rings should be added
>only when this condition is satisfied
>
> is confusing to me.  How can you make the call to GenerateRing() after
> this test, when this test is measuring something about one of the values
> returned by GenerateRing ?
>

Actually , this is one of my condition.. but i think It means that when
dist  is greater than radius
more points will not be added to the list , So the loop should stop here,
and next centre should be taken, creating second list and so on..

>
> I must confess I have no idea what data represents.  When you're doing
> rings, you use deltas on the cx and cy values.  But when you're
> computing radius, you use the 3d coordinates returned by  data[cx, cy].
>  So is data some kind of transformation, like a projection from a 3d
> object into a plane ?
>

If I say data is a yml image file.. does it makes sense ? Nyways I am
treating it as matrix with values.
Yes you can say that it is a projection of 3D objects onto a 2D plane..
which I am finding hard to work with !
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

I dont want error actually to come.  With try nd except , the error will
come but without affecting my prog...
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

The catch to the approach suggested by Chris is that you DON'T want to
> break out of the whole loop when one value is out of range.  You only
> want to skip that one point.
>
>
> Yes I want to skip only that one point (centre)  but try and expect seems
to be the last option.. I would like to try other ways first..
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

>
>
> So did you read the following paragraphs?  You should not be using "and"
> in that expression.



> Yes i tried "or" also but no use .
>
> >>
> >> You do not want "and" in that expression.  The way you've coded it,
> >> it'll only skip items in which both indices are out of range.  Change
> it to
> >>   if idx[0] >= data.width or idx[1] >= data.height:
> >>
> >> and depending on your answer to my earlier query, you may want to also
> >> check if either subscript is negative.
> >>
> >>> continue
> >>> else :
> >>> point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> >>> if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
> >>> print point
> >>> continue
> >>> else:
> >>> dist = distance(centre, point)
> >>> print dist
> >>> if  dist < radius :   and
> >> rings
> >>> should be added only when this condition is satisfied
> >>> print point
> >>> points.append(point)
> >>> change = True
> >>> print change
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> break
> >>
> >> Why do you want to terminate the loop after only iteration?
> >>
> >
> > I dint get your question ??
> >
>
> You have a break there.  What's it for?  It'll make sure you only
> process one of the idx values from new_indices.  i doubt that's what you
> intended.
>
The idea here is if no more point is added to the list of points i.e. all
points surrounding the centre is zero.. I want to break the loop and go to
the next point..
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

> def GenerateRing(x,y, N): Generates square rings around a point in data
> > which has 300 columns(x) and 3000 rows(y)
> > indices = []
> > for i in xrange(-N, N):
> > indices.append((x+i, y-N))
> > indices.append((x+N, y+i))
> > indices.append((x-i, y+N))
> > indices.append((x-N, y-i))
> > return indices
> >
> Is it possible that N is greater than either x or y ?  Are negative
> subscripts permissible?
>
> You should consider doing the clipping logic in this function, perhaps
> by passing xlimit and ylimit in as arguments.>
>


Yes N cannot be greater than x and y and it cant be negative too...

>  I need help in this part as I am unable to device a method in
> which if the
> points are out of index,it should stop and
> if idx[0] >= 300 and idx[1] >= 3000:   go
> to next centre and start generating rings from there.. and again if the
> index is out of range .. this should repeat

This is where you're trying to clip the values that may be outside of
> the total matrix.
>

Yes I am trying to clip the values here but its not working actually , I
mean not at all working

>
> You do not want "and" in that expression.  The way you've coded it,
> it'll only skip items in which both indices are out of range.  Change it to
>   if idx[0] >= data.width or idx[1] >= data.height:
>
> and depending on your answer to my earlier query, you may want to also
> check if either subscript is negative.
>
> > continue
> > else :
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> > if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
> > print point
> > continue
> > else:
> > dist = distance(centre, point)
> > print dist
> > if  dist < radius :   and
> rings
> > should be added only when this condition is satisfied
> > print point
> > points.append(point)
> > change = True
> > print change
> >
> >
> > break
>
> Why do you want to terminate the loop after only iteration?
>

I dint get your question ??
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

On Tue, Nov 20, 2012 at 3:00 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:

> On Wed, Nov 21, 2012 at 12:57 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> > I am using python 2.7.3 , so can it be done in that ?
>
> (Please don't top-post; just delete the couple of blank lines that
> gmail oh so kindly provides, and type your response at the bottom. You
> may also want to consider trimming the quoted text to just what you
> actually need.)
>
> Yes, it certainly can. Go to the docs page I linked to, then up the
> top left you'll see this:
>
>  Python » 3.3.0  Documentation
>
> with the "3.3.0" part a drop-down list. Drop it down and select 2.7,
> and you'll see the equivalent page for version 2.7.3.
>
> Have fun!
>
> ChrisA
> --
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>


Ok.. Thanks a ton ...
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Re: Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

I am using python 2.7.3 , so can it be done in that ?


On Tue, Nov 20, 2012 at 2:48 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:

> On Wed, Nov 21, 2012 at 12:43 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> > I need help in this part as I am unable to device a method in which if
> the
> > points are out of index,it should stop.
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 73, in 
> > ComputeClasses(data)
> >   File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 49, in ComputeClasses
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> > error: index is out of range
> >
>
> When Python throws an exception, you can catch it and handle it as you
> please. In this instance, it seems to me you want to break out of one
> loop (if I've read your comments correctly), so just bracket that loop
> with try... except. Start here:
>
> http://docs.python.org/3.3/tutorial/errors.html
>
> ChrisA
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>
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Index Error

[inshu chauhan]

def distance(c, p):
dist = sqrt(
((c[0]-p[0])**2) +
((c[1]-p[1])**2) +
((c[2]-p[2])**2)
)
return dist


def GenerateRing(x,y, N): Generates square rings around a point in data
which has 300 columns(x) and 3000 rows(y)
indices = []
for i in xrange(-N, N):
indices.append((x+i, y-N))
indices.append((x+N, y+i))
indices.append((x-i, y+N))
indices.append((x-N, y-i))
return indices


def ComputeClasses(data):
radius = .5
points = []
for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
for cx in xrange(0, data.width):

if data[cy,cx] == (0.0,0.0,0.0):
continue
else :
centre = data[cy, cx]
points.append(centre)


change = True

while change:

for ring_number in xrange(1, 100):
change = False
new_indices = GenerateRing(cx, cy, ring_number)
print new_indices
for idx in new_indices:
 I need help in this part as I am unable to device a method in
which if the
points are out of index,it should stop and
if idx[0] >= 300 and idx[1] >= 3000:   go
to next centre and start generating rings from there.. and again if the
index is out of range .. this should repeat
continue
else :
point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
print point
continue
else:
dist = distance(centre, point)
print dist
if  dist < radius :   and rings
should be added only when this condition is satisfied
print point
points.append(point)
change = True
print change


break


print points


ERROR now :

data loaded
[(296, 403), (298, 403), (298, 405), (296, 405), (297, 403), (298, 404),
(297, 405), (296, 404)] ... I am printing Indices to know what index it
dies out..

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 73, in 
ComputeClasses(data)
  File "Z:/modules/Classify.py", line 49, in ComputeClasses
point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
error: index is out of range
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Re: Error

[inshu chauhan]

Yes you are rightI figured that out after posting to python list.. actually
my index is reaching the last point.. and my prog is not doing what I
want.. I am wondering why it is reaching the last point in my list .. its
never stopping in between ???


On Tue, Nov 20, 2012 at 2:01 PM, Dave Angel  wrote:

> On 11/20/2012 07:31 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
> > I did the following changes in this part of my programme.. now the
> > refereence error is removed but its showing me another error :
> >
> > def ComputeClasses(data):
> > radius = .5
> > points = []
> > for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
> > for cx in xrange(0, data.width):
> >
> > if data[cy,cx] == (0.0,0.0,0.0):
> > continue
> > else :
> > centre = data[cy, cx]
> > print centre
> > points.append(centre)
> >
> >
> > change = True
> >
> > while change:
> >
> > for ring_number in xrange(1, 1000):
> > change = False
> > new_indices = GenerateRing(cx, cy, ring_number)
> >
> > for idx in new_indices:
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> >
> > if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
> >   continue
> > else:
> >
> > dist = distance(centre, point)
> > if  dist < radius :
> > print point
> > points.append(point)
> > change = True
> > print change
> >
> >
> > break
> >
> >
> > print points
> >
> >
> > ERROR :
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "Z:/modules/classification1.py", line 71, in 
> > ComputeClasses(data)
> >   File "Z:/modules/classification1.py", line 47, in ComputeClasses
> > point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
> > error: index is out of range
> >
> > What is meant by this statement ' Index out of range ' ? Does it mean
> that
> > my range 1, 1000 is exceeded ??
> >
> >
>
> When you're using custom classes that mimic the standard ones, the error
> can mean most anything.  But assuming the design was to keep as close as
> possible, it simply means that you're subscripting a list with an index
> that's too large or too small.  So if idx is a list that has only one
> element, element number zero, then idx[1] would be out of range.  On the
> same line, if data is acting kind of like a two-dimensional list, then
> it has limits on each dimension, and either idx[0] is too big/small for
> the first dimension, or idx[1] is too big or small for the second.
>
> First thing is to figure out which part of this expression is causing
> the exception.  So do a separate pair of assignments,
> dummy0 = idx[0]
> dummy1 = idx[1]
>
> and then  point = data[dummy0, dummy1]
>
> Incidentally, if idx is a tuple or a list, of exactly two items, then
> you could just say
>point = data[*idx]
>
> Anyway, if that still doesn't make things clear, then print dummy0 and
> dummy1 before the point= line.  That way you can see the last value, the
> one it dies on, just before the stack trace.  Naturally, you could also
> print the size attributes of the data item as well.
>
>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
>
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Re: Error

[inshu chauhan]

I did the following changes in this part of my programme.. now the
refereence error is removed but its showing me another error :

def ComputeClasses(data):
radius = .5
points = []
for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
for cx in xrange(0, data.width):

if data[cy,cx] == (0.0,0.0,0.0):
continue
else :
centre = data[cy, cx]
print centre
points.append(centre)


change = True

while change:

for ring_number in xrange(1, 1000):
change = False
new_indices = GenerateRing(cx, cy, ring_number)

for idx in new_indices:
point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]

if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
  continue
else:

dist = distance(centre, point)
if  dist < radius :
print point
points.append(point)
change = True
print change


break


print points


ERROR :

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:/modules/classification1.py", line 71, in 
ComputeClasses(data)
  File "Z:/modules/classification1.py", line 47, in ComputeClasses
point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
error: index is out of range

What is meant by this statement ' Index out of range ' ? Does it mean that
my range 1, 1000 is exceeded ??
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Re: Error

[inshu chauhan]

thanx ..I understand the problem now..


On Wed, Nov 14, 2012 at 7:48 PM, MRAB  wrote:

> On 2012-11-14 15:18, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>>
>> for this code m getting this error :
>>
>> CODE :
>> def ComputeClasses(data):
>>  radius = .5
>>  points = []
>>  for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
>>  for cx in xrange(0, data.width):
>>  if data[cy,cx] != (0.0,0.0,0.0):
>>  centre = data[cy, cx]
>>  points.append(centre)
>>
>>
>>  Look at this line:
>
>   change = True
>>
>>  It's indented the same as the preceding 'if' statement, which means
> that it's executed even if the body of the 'if' statement wasn't
> executed and it hasn't assigned to 'centre'.
>
> So 'change' has been set to True, the 'while' loop is entered, and
> subsequently an attempt is made to get 'centre', which hasn't been set.
>
>
>   while change:
>>
>>  for ring_number in xrange(1, 1000):
>>  change = False
>>  new_indices = GenerateRing(cx, cy, ring_number)
>>
>>
>>  for idx in new_indices:
>>  point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]
>>
>>  if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
>>continue
>>  else:
>>  dist = distance(centre, point)
>>  if  dist < radius :
>>  print point
>>  points.append(point)
>>  change = True
>>  print change
>>
>>
>>  The indentation of this line looks wrong to me:
>
>   break
>>
>

But If I change the indentation of break towards inside, its going into
infinite loop.. ???

>
>>  It'll affect the 'for cx' loop at the end of its first iteration, every
> time.
>
>
>> ERROR :
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>File "Z:\modules\classification2.**py", line 74, in 
>>  ComputeClasses(data)
>>File "Z:\modules\classification2.**py", line 56, in ComputeClasses
>>  dist = distance(centre, point)
>> UnboundLocalError: local variable 'centre' referenced before assignment
>>
>> And i am unable to understand .. WHY ?
>>
>>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/**mailman/listinfo/python-list<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list>
>
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Error

[inshu chauhan]

for this code m getting this error :

CODE :
def ComputeClasses(data):
radius = .5
points = []
for cy in xrange(0, data.height):
for cx in xrange(0, data.width):
if data[cy,cx] != (0.0,0.0,0.0):
centre = data[cy, cx]
points.append(centre)


change = True

while change:

for ring_number in xrange(1, 1000):
change = False
new_indices = GenerateRing(cx, cy, ring_number)


for idx in new_indices:
point = data[idx[0], idx[1]]

if point == (0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ):
  continue
else:
dist = distance(centre, point)
if  dist < radius :
print point
points.append(point)
change = True
print change


break


ERROR :
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:\modules\classification2.py", line 74, in 
ComputeClasses(data)
  File "Z:\modules\classification2.py", line 56, in ComputeClasses
dist = distance(centre, point)
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'centre' referenced before assignment

And i am unable to understand .. WHY ?
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Fwd: error

[inshu chauhan]

No answers for my question ?? :O
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Re: error

[inshu chauhan]

Actually this one.. and its the last..


On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 2:59 PM, inshu chauhan  wrote:

> Please Ignore the above two files attached,,, See this one
>
>
> On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 12:47 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> I attached a wrong file...Right file is attached here
>>
>>
>> On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 11:53 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> http://www.ymlgroup.com/obscurehiddenlocation/downloads site, and
>>>> imported  it using  from notzanzibar import DataType.
>>>>
>>>
>>> No i haven't downloaded it.. and this site is not opening...
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Then you'd have instantiated it in some code like
>>>>   data = DataType(filename)
>>>>
>>>> and then the type of data would be notzanzibar.DataType  and the docs
>>>> would be probably available somewhere on www.invalid.com/docs
>>>>
>>>
>>> This site is also blocked here.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> The only new guess:
>>>>
>>>> A 3D image would presumably have 3 subscripts, and you're only supplying
>>>> two.
>>>>
>>>
>>> Yes a 3D image has 3 subscripts but m trying to access all three through
>>> using only  2 subsscripts i.e X and Y
>>>
>>>
>>>>
>>>> If you want help, be explicit:
>>>>
>>>> 1) what version of CPython are you using, and on what OS?
>>>>
>>>
>>> I am using 2.7.3 on windows 7
>>>
>>> 2) what web site did you download some extra library from ?
>>>>
>>>
>>> The only extra libary i am using is Opencv , downloaded from
>>> http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>> 3) what import statement did you use ?
>>>>
>>>
>>> import cv
>>>
>>> 4) How are all those global variables initialized ?
>>>>
>>> see attached file
>>>
>>>> 5) What command did you use to start the script ?  Did you run it from
>>>> command.com, or from some IDE ?
>>>>
>>>
>>> Yes I am running it through IDLE GUI
>>>
>>>
>>>> 5) Exactly what error message did you get, including the traceback ?
>>>>
>>>
>>>  Traceback (most recent call last):
>>>   File "Z:\modules\Masking_an_image_dynamically.py", line 155, in
>>> 
>>> AccessPixels(data)
>>>   File "Z:\modules\.py", line 147, in AccessPixels
>>> CreateMask(data, x, y)
>>>   File "Z:\modules\new_classification.py", line 110, in CreateMask
>>> point = data[iy, ix ]
>>>
>>> error: index is out of range
>>>
>>> The line numbers here and the file attached may be different because I
>>> have removed a lot of print statements which I was using to debug the
>>> error..
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>> 6) What have you done to try to figure out your own error?
>>>>
>>>
>>> I have trying print out variables and Indices at each step..
>>>
>>>
>>> Zero Piraeus : Where are you ?
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>


Masking_an_image_dynamically.py
Description: Binary data
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Re: error

[inshu chauhan]

Please Ignore the above two files attached,,, See this one


On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 12:47 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:

> I attached a wrong file...Right file is attached here
>
>
> On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 11:53 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> http://www.ymlgroup.com/obscurehiddenlocation/downloads site, and
>>> imported  it using  from notzanzibar import DataType.
>>>
>>
>> No i haven't downloaded it.. and this site is not opening...
>>
>>>
>>> Then you'd have instantiated it in some code like
>>>   data = DataType(filename)
>>>
>>> and then the type of data would be notzanzibar.DataType  and the docs
>>> would be probably available somewhere on www.invalid.com/docs
>>>
>>
>> This site is also blocked here.
>>
>>>
>>> The only new guess:
>>>
>>> A 3D image would presumably have 3 subscripts, and you're only supplying
>>> two.
>>>
>>
>> Yes a 3D image has 3 subscripts but m trying to access all three through
>> using only  2 subsscripts i.e X and Y
>>
>>
>>>
>>> If you want help, be explicit:
>>>
>>> 1) what version of CPython are you using, and on what OS?
>>>
>>
>> I am using 2.7.3 on windows 7
>>
>> 2) what web site did you download some extra library from ?
>>>
>>
>> The only extra libary i am using is Opencv , downloaded from
>> http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/
>>
>>
>>
>>> 3) what import statement did you use ?
>>>
>>
>> import cv
>>
>> 4) How are all those global variables initialized ?
>>>
>> see attached file
>>
>>> 5) What command did you use to start the script ?  Did you run it from
>>> command.com, or from some IDE ?
>>>
>>
>> Yes I am running it through IDLE GUI
>>
>>
>>> 5) Exactly what error message did you get, including the traceback ?
>>>
>>
>>  Traceback (most recent call last):
>>   File "Z:\modules\Masking_an_image_dynamically.py", line 155, in 
>> AccessPixels(data)
>>   File "Z:\modules\.py", line 147, in AccessPixels
>> CreateMask(data, x, y)
>>   File "Z:\modules\new_classification.py", line 110, in CreateMask
>> point = data[iy, ix ]
>>
>> error: index is out of range
>>
>> The line numbers here and the file attached may be different because I
>> have removed a lot of print statements which I was using to debug the
>> error..
>>
>>
>>
>>> 6) What have you done to try to figure out your own error?
>>>
>>
>> I have trying print out variables and Indices at each step..
>>
>>
>> Zero Piraeus : Where are you ?
>>
>>
>>
>


Masking_an_image_dynamically.py
Description: Binary data
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Re: error

[inshu chauhan]

I attached a wrong file...Right file is attached here


On Fri, Nov 9, 2012 at 11:53 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:

>
>
>
>
> http://www.ymlgroup.com/obscurehiddenlocation/downloads site, and
>> imported  it using  from notzanzibar import DataType.
>>
>
> No i haven't downloaded it.. and this site is not opening...
>
>>
>> Then you'd have instantiated it in some code like
>>   data = DataType(filename)
>>
>> and then the type of data would be notzanzibar.DataType  and the docs
>> would be probably available somewhere on www.invalid.com/docs
>>
>
> This site is also blocked here.
>
>>
>> The only new guess:
>>
>> A 3D image would presumably have 3 subscripts, and you're only supplying
>> two.
>>
>
> Yes a 3D image has 3 subscripts but m trying to access all three through
> using only  2 subsscripts i.e X and Y
>
>
>>
>> If you want help, be explicit:
>>
>> 1) what version of CPython are you using, and on what OS?
>>
>
> I am using 2.7.3 on windows 7
>
> 2) what web site did you download some extra library from ?
>>
>
> The only extra libary i am using is Opencv , downloaded from
> http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/
>
>
>
>> 3) what import statement did you use ?
>>
>
> import cv
>
> 4) How are all those global variables initialized ?
>>
> see attached file
>
>> 5) What command did you use to start the script ?  Did you run it from
>> command.com, or from some IDE ?
>>
>
> Yes I am running it through IDLE GUI
>
>
>> 5) Exactly what error message did you get, including the traceback ?
>>
>
>  Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "Z:\modules\Masking_an_image_dynamically.py", line 155, in 
> AccessPixels(data)
>   File "Z:\modules\.py", line 147, in AccessPixels
> CreateMask(data, x, y)
>   File "Z:\modules\new_classification.py", line 110, in CreateMask
> point = data[iy, ix ]
>
> error: index is out of range
>
> The line numbers here and the file attached may be different because I
> have removed a lot of print statements which I was using to debug the
> error..
>
>
>
>> 6) What have you done to try to figure out your own error?
>>
>
> I have trying print out variables and Indices at each step..
>
>
> Zero Piraeus : Where are you ?
>
>
>


Masking_an_image_dynamically.py
Description: Binary data
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Re: error

[inshu chauhan]

http://www.ymlgroup.com/obscurehiddenlocation/downloads site, and
> imported  it using  from notzanzibar import DataType.
>

No i haven't downloaded it.. and this site is not opening...

>
> Then you'd have instantiated it in some code like
>   data = DataType(filename)
>
> and then the type of data would be notzanzibar.DataType  and the docs
> would be probably available somewhere on www.invalid.com/docs
>

This site is also blocked here.

>
> The only new guess:
>
> A 3D image would presumably have 3 subscripts, and you're only supplying
> two.
>

Yes a 3D image has 3 subscripts but m trying to access all three through
using only  2 subsscripts i.e X and Y


>
> If you want help, be explicit:
>
> 1) what version of CPython are you using, and on what OS?
>

I am using 2.7.3 on windows 7

2) what web site did you download some extra library from ?
>

The only extra libary i am using is Opencv , downloaded from
http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/



> 3) what import statement did you use ?
>

import cv

4) How are all those global variables initialized ?
>
see attached file

> 5) What command did you use to start the script ?  Did you run it from
> command.com, or from some IDE ?
>

Yes I am running it through IDLE GUI


> 5) Exactly what error message did you get, including the traceback ?
>

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:\modules\Masking_an_image_dynamically.py", line 155, in 
AccessPixels(data)
  File "Z:\modules\.py", line 147, in AccessPixels
CreateMask(data, x, y)
  File "Z:\modules\new_classification.py", line 110, in CreateMask
point = data[iy, ix ]
error: index is out of range

The line numbers here and the file attached may be different because I have
removed a lot of print statements which I was using to debug the error..



> 6) What have you done to try to figure out your own error?
>

I have trying print out variables and Indices at each step..


Zero Piraeus : Where are you ?


Masking_an_image_dynamically.py
Description: Binary data
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Re: error

[inshu chauhan]

Actually data is neither a zanzibar nor a class nor a list.. its a yml
image. with pixels
I am trying to access pixels of a 3D image through this programme..





On Tue, Nov 6, 2012 at 8:59 PM, woooee  wrote:

> From this line, "data" appears to be a class
> if 0 < ix < data.width and 0 < iy < data.height:
> From this line, "data" appears to be a list, although a two
> dimensional list would be accessed as data[ix][iy]
> point = data[ix, iy]
>
> Also, returning a list from a function is a matter of preference.
> Some people argue that it should be returned to make it obvious.  If
> you do not know the difference between what is mutable and what is not
> mutable, then return everything until you do.
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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error

[inshu chauhan]

I am getting this error while running my programme.. :

error: index is out of range

 I cannot find a valid reason for it in my prog can somebody suggest what
may be possible reasons for this error..

The part of the code is :

def addpoints (data, points, ix, iy): # makes a list of relevant points
if 0 < ix < data.width and 0 < iy < data.height:
point = data[ix, iy]
if point != (0.0, 0.0, 0.0):
points.append(point)
return points

for dx in xrange(-mask_size2, mask_size2 + 1):
for dy in xrange(-mask_size2, mask_size2 + 1):
ix, iy = x + dx, y + dy
addpoints(data, points, ix , iy )
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Difference between range and xrange ??

[inshu chauhan]

what is the difference between range and xrange.. both seem to work the
same. ? And which should be used where and in what situations.. ??
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Re: pythonic way

[inshu chauhan]

OK ..I got it..

On Thu, Nov 1, 2012 at 5:54 PM, Zero Piraeus  wrote:

> :
>
> On 1 November 2012 11:32, inshu chauhan  wrote:
> >  what is the most pythonic way to do this :
> >
> >if 0 < ix < 10 and 0 < iy < 10 ???
>
> As everyone else has said, it's perfectly pythonic once you stick the
> colon on the end. You might find it more instantly readable with some
> extra parentheses:
>
> if (0 < ix < 10) and (0 < iy < 10):
> # do something
>
> ... but that's really just down to taste.
>
>  -[]z.
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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Re: python and Open cv

[inshu chauhan]

On Thu, Nov 1, 2012 at 7:02 PM, Paul Rudin  wrote:

> Zero Piraeus  writes:
>
> > There aren't any rules about gmail (except the unwritten rule that to
> > be a "real" geek you need to use a mail client that takes a whole
> > weekend to configure, and another three years to properly understand).
>


:D :D :D


>
> Ha! 3 years? I've been using gnus for nearly 20 years and I still don't
> understand it!
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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pythonic way

[inshu chauhan]

 what is the most pythonic way to do this :

   if 0 < ix < 10 and 0 < iy < 10 ???
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Fwd: python and Open cv

[inshu chauhan]

-- Forwarded message --
From: inshu chauhan 
Date: Thu, Nov 1, 2012 at 1:26 PM
Subject: Re: python and Open cv
To: Mark Lawrence 


I am sorry.. but I need to know what are the rules and what about gmail ??
Many people are using gmail to mail to the list.


On Thu, Nov 1, 2012 at 12:15 PM, Mark Lawrence wrote:

> On 01/11/2012 08:55, inshu chauhan wrote:
>
>> How to load a yml file in python and work with it ??
>>
>> I used : import cv
>>  data = cv.Load("Z:/data/xyz_0_
>> 300.yml")
>>
>> But when I print data.. it just gives the detail of the image like number
>> of rows and columns etc
>> I want read what is there in the pixel of the image..
>>
>> I tried to use the following code .. but it gives me only the pixel values
>> not the information contained in pixel ??
>>
>> def AccessPixels(img):
>>  for y in range(0, img.height):
>>  for x in range(0, img.width):
>>  cv.Get2D(img, y, x) # Slow get pixel value.
>>  cv.Set2D(img, y, x, (0, 0, 0, 0)) # Slow set pixel value.
>>
>>
>> can somebody help.. thanx in advance !!!
>>
>>
> I think the subject should be changed to "Obnoxious postings from Google
> Groups", given this is the same question from the same person within 24
> hours but a different subject line, and from a gmail address.
>
>
> --
> Cheers.
>
> Mark Lawrence.
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/**mailman/listinfo/python-list<http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list>
>
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python and Open cv

[inshu chauhan]

How to load a yml file in python and work with it ??

I used : import cv
data = cv.Load("Z:/data/xyz_0_
300.yml")

But when I print data.. it just gives the detail of the image like number
of rows and columns etc
I want read what is there in the pixel of the image..

I tried to use the following code .. but it gives me only the pixel values
not the information contained in pixel ??

def AccessPixels(img):
for y in range(0, img.height):
for x in range(0, img.width):
cv.Get2D(img, y, x) # Slow get pixel value.
cv.Set2D(img, y, x, (0, 0, 0, 0)) # Slow set pixel value.


can somebody help.. thanx in advance !!!
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working with yml files in python and opencv

[inshu chauhan]

How to load a yml file in python and work with it ??

I used : import cv
data = cv.Load("Z:/data/xyz_0_300.yml")

But when I print data.. it just gives the detail of the image like number
of rows and columns etc
I want read what is there in the pixel of the image.. can somebody help..
thanx in advance !!!
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 12:17 PM, David Hutto wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 6:12 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> >
> >
> > On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 12:04 PM, David Hutto 
> > wrote:
> >>
> >> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 5:58 AM, inshu chauhan 
> >> wrote:
> >> > Yes Dave ..You are right and my problem is solved now..  Thanx to
> all...
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 11:55 AM, David Hutto  >
> >> > wrote:
> >> >>
> >> >> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 5:51 AM, inshu chauhan <
> insidesh...@gmail.com>
> >> >> wrote:
> >> >> >
> >> >> >
> >> >> >>
> >> >> >> Is this what you mean:
> >> >> >>
> >> >> list_0 = []
> >> >> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >> >> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >> >> list_0.append(list_1)
> >> >> list_0.append(list_2)
> >> >> >> >>> for i in list_2:
> >> >> >> ... list_1.append(i)
> >> >> >> ...
> >> >> >> >>> list_1
> >> >> >> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
> >> >> >>
> >> >> >>
> >> >> >> or would another example help you out more?
> >> >> >
> >> >> >
> >> >> > No but really sorry this is what I DONT WANT...
> >> >> >
> >> >> > The output I want to have is :
> >> >> >
> >> >> > [ [0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] ].
> >> >>
> >> >> Then, this is what you want :
> >> >>
> >> >> >>david@david-desktop:~$ python
> >> >> Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug  1 2012, 05:16:07)
> >> >> [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
> >> >> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more
> information.
> >> >> >>> list_0 = []
> >> >> >>> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >> >> >>> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >> >> >>> list_0.append(list_1) list_0 = [list_1,list_2]
> >> >> >>> list_0.append(list_2)
> >> >> >>> list_0
> >> >> [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]]
> >>
> >> if you have a format for the lists, there might be an easier way, or
> >> simpler. How are the lists coming in?
> >>
> >> The list are in form of
> >>
> >>  first list like [(x,y,z) ]
> >>
> >> and another as [(a,b,c), (a+i, b+i, c+i).]
> >>
> This shows tuples though, not appended lists, which are immutable.
>
> My mistake it is :
>
> The list are in form of
> >>
> >>  first list like [ [x,y,z] ]
> >>
> >> and another as  [  [a,b,c], [a+i, b+i, c+i] and so on .]
> --
> Best Regards,
> David Hutto
> CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com
>
-- 
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 12:04 PM, David Hutto wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 5:58 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> > Yes Dave ..You are right and my problem is solved now..  Thanx to all...
> >
> >
> > On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 11:55 AM, David Hutto 
> > wrote:
> >>
> >> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 5:51 AM, inshu chauhan 
> >> wrote:
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >>
> >> >> Is this what you mean:
> >> >>
> >> list_0 = []
> >> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >> list_0.append(list_1)
> >> list_0.append(list_2)
> >> >> >>> for i in list_2:
> >> >> ... list_1.append(i)
> >> >> ...
> >> >> >>> list_1
> >> >> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> or would another example help you out more?
> >> >
> >> >
> >> > No but really sorry this is what I DONT WANT...
> >> >
> >> > The output I want to have is :
> >> >
> >> > [ [0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] ].
> >>
> >> Then, this is what you want :
> >>
> >> >>david@david-desktop:~$ python
> >> Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug  1 2012, 05:16:07)
> >> [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
> >> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> >> >>> list_0 = []
> >> >>> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >> >>> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >> >>> list_0.append(list_1)
> >> >>> list_0.append(list_2)
> >> >>> list_0
> >> [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]]
>
> if you have a format for the lists, there might be an easier way, or
> simpler. How are the lists coming in?
>
> The list are in form of
>
>  first list like [(x,y,z) ]
>
> and another as [(a,b,c), (a+i, b+i, c+i).]
>
> --
> Best Regards,
> David Hutto
> CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com
>
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

Yes Dave ..You are right and my problem is solved now..  Thanx to all...

On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 11:55 AM, David Hutto wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 5:51 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> >
> >
> >>
> >> Is this what you mean:
> >>
> list_0 = []
> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> list_0.append(list_1)
> list_0.append(list_2)
> >> >>> for i in list_2:
> >> ... list_1.append(i)
> >> ...
> >> >>> list_1
> >> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
> >>
> >>
> >> or would another example help you out more?
> >
> >
> > No but really sorry this is what I DONT WANT...
> >
> > The output I want to have is :
> >
> > [ [0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] ].
>
> Then, this is what you want :
>
> >>david@david-desktop:~$ python
> Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug  1 2012, 05:16:07)
> [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> >>> list_0 = []
> >>> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >>> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >>> list_0.append(list_1)
> >>> list_0.append(list_2)
> >>> list_0
> [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]]
> >>>
>
>
>
>
> --
> Best Regards,
> David Hutto
> CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com
>
-- 
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

> Is this what you mean:
>
> >>> list_1 = [i for i in range(0,5)]
> >>> list_2 = [i for i in range(5,11)]
> >>> for i in list_2:
> ... list_1.append(i)
> ...
> >>> list_1
> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
>
>
> or would another example help you out more?
>

No but really sorry this is what I DONT WANT...

The output I want to have is :

[ [0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] ].

>
> --
> Best Regards,
> David Hutto
> CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com
>
-- 
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

>>
> >> or if the clist initial contents were relevant, perhaps you mean
> >>
> >>> clist += alist, blist
> >>
> >
> > But not this because it will simply concatenate the  list like
> > [1,2,3,4,5,6] .. I dont want this actaully...
> >
> >>
>
> No, it won't.  Try it to see


Ok but it should be clist + = [alist, blist ] 

>
>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

> > clist = alist, blist
>
This may work i guess becuase i want list within list [ [1,2,3] , [4,5,6]]


>
> or if the clist initial contents were relevant, perhaps you mean
>
> > clist += alist, blist
>

But not this because it will simply concatenate the  list like
[1,2,3,4,5,6] .. I dont want this actaully...

>
>
>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
>
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

Actually what I wanted to do is :

suppose there are 3 lists :

like for xample :

clist = [] an empty list , alist = [1,2,3], blist = [4,5,6]

and the I want the result is clist = [ [1,2,3], [4,5,6] ..]

then I want to read all the lists in clist one by one

like :

 for item in clist:
 print item

which should print:

[1,2,3]
[4,5,6]




On Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 10:10 PM, inshu chauhan wrote:

> ok I got it guys...
>
>
> On Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 10:08 PM, Joshua Landau <
> joshua.landau...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>>  On 23 October 2012 21:06, Joshua Landau wrote:
>>
>>>  On 23 October 2012 21:03, Joshua Landau wrote:
>>>
>>>> On 23 October 2012 12:07, Jean-Michel Pichavant >>> > wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> - Original Message -
>>>>>
>>>>> > Thankyou.. but my problem is different than simply joining 2 lists
>>>>> > and it is done now :)
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> A lot of people though you were asking for joining lists, you
>>>>> description was misleading.
>>>>>
>>>>> I'll take a guess: you want to flatten a list of list.
>>>>> "Nested" list comprehensions can do the trick.
>>>>>
>>>>> aList =[[1,5], [2,'a']]
>>>>> [item for sublist in aList for item in sublist]
>>>>>
>>>>> ...
>>>>> [1, 5, 2, 'a']
>>>>>
>>>>> I find it rather difficult to read though.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> We have a library function for this, in the one-and-only itertools.
>>>>
>>>> >>> listoflists = [list(range(x, 2*x)) for x in range(5)]
>>>>> >>> listoflists
>>>>> [[], [1], [2, 3], [3, 4, 5], [4, 5, 6, 7]]
>>>>> >>> from itertools import chain
>>>>>  >>> list(chain.from_iterable(listoflists))
>>>>> [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7]
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> It does exactly what it says... fast and easy-to-read.
>>>
>>>
>>> Note that I think what he really wanted is to go from
>>>
>>> a, b, c = [list(x) for x in (range(10), range(11, 20), range(21, 30))]
>>>
>>> to
>>>
>>>> list(range(30))
>>>
>>>
>> UNDO! UNDO! UNDO!
>>
>> I *meant *to say:
>>
>>  Note that I think what he really wanted is to go from
>>
>> a, b, c = [list(x) for x in (range(10), range(11, 20), range(21, 30))]
>>
>> to
>>
>>> [a, b, c]
>>
>>
>
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Re: Appending a list using list obtained from a class

[inshu chauhan]

> the class is returning the list , and i want to append the list outside
the class... main problem is this

>
> What do you mean "the class is returning the list"? Do you mean that a
> class stores a list internally and you want to be able to mutate that list?
> Do you mean that you have a class method that returns a list? How does your
> particular use case differ from simply appending one list to another?
>

Yes, a Class method returns a list. I am trying to append this in main() to
make another list.
But the list i am getting after appending i showing addresses like this
'<__main__.Point object at 0x0254FAB0>' but if i print the same in the same
loop its showing me numbers which i want. Why I dont know ??



>
>
> > I know how to append a list with a list nd stuff..
>
> Without further clarification, this seems to be exactly what you're asking
> how to do.. yeah may i make misunderstanding
>
>
> Demian Brecht
> @demianbrecht
> http://demianbrecht.github.com
>
>
>
>
>
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Re: Appending a list using list obtained from a class

[inshu chauhan]

yes this i know very well.. but the problem is not so simple...

the class is returning the list , and i want to append the list outside the
class... main problem is this

I know how to append a list with a list nd stuff..

On Wed, Oct 24, 2012 at 4:41 PM, Demian Brecht wrote:

>
> On 2012-10-24, at 7:37 AM, inshu chauhan  wrote:
> > I am having a problem,
> >
> > I have a class which return me a list. I want to append another list
> using this list outside the Class.
> > can i do it ? if yes how ?
> > And can i use Userlist function for this ??
> > --
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
> If I understand your question correctly, have you read
> http://docs.python.org/tutorial/datastructures.html?
>
> list_a + list_b = list_c
> list_a.extend(list_b)
>
> are two methods to concatenate two lists.
>
> UserList is only there for backwards compatibility (see the docs:
> http://docs.python.org/release/2.3/lib/module-UserList.html)
>
> Demian Brecht
> @demianbrecht
> http://demianbrecht.github.com
>
>
>
>
>
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Appending a list using list obtained from a class

[inshu chauhan]

I am having a problem,

I have a class which return me a list. I want to append another list using
this list outside the Class.
can i do it ? if yes how ?
And can i use Userlist function for this ??
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Re: classes

[inshu chauhan]

ok.. This was an example i was trying to run from
http://docs.python.org/tutorial/classes.html   ...

On Wed, Oct 24, 2012 at 3:48 PM, Chris Angelico  wrote:

> On Thu, Oct 25, 2012 at 12:02 AM, inshu chauhan 
> wrote:
> > I changed the programme to this :
> > def addtwice(self, x):
> >  self.add(x)
> >  self.add(x)
> >  return x
> > y = Bag()
> > print y.addtwice(4)
> >
> > Now its not showing any error but result is same as the number passed for
> > adding twice 
>
> Do you understand how function calls work? A function like
> "y.addtwice" is called with an argument of 4, and the return value
> from the function is the value of the expression.
>
> some_value = y.addtwice(4)
> print some_value
>
> Take the return value and put it in the place where the function call
> was. In this case, the return value is x, the number you passed in as
> an argument.
>
> What exactly do you expect addtwice to return? Should it return the
> bag object (self)? Should it return True to say that it's been added
> successfully (or False if there's an error)? Should it return the
> number of items in the bag? Should it return 0 for success and a
> nonzero error code for failure? Should it always return None, throwing
> an exception if anything goes wrong? All of these make sense, you just
> have to choose which one you want.
>
> (I'm handwaving away a lot of complexity here, like un/bound methods
> and member lookups. Bear with me. I'm also ignoring the fact that some
> things just aren't Pythonic. The bear isn't complaining about that, so
> nor should you.)
>
> ChrisA
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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Re: classes

[inshu chauhan]

I changed the programme to this :
class Bag:
def __init__(self):
self.data = []

def add(self, x):
self.data.append(x)
def addtwice(self, x):
 self.add(x)
 self.add(x)
 return x
y = Bag()
print y.addtwice(4)

Now its not showing any error but result is same as the number passed for
adding twice 


On Wed, Oct 24, 2012 at 2:55 PM, Dave Angel  wrote:

> On 10/24/2012 08:11 AM, inshu chauhan wrote:
> > I was just trying out a programme for learning classes in python
> >
> > The prog below is showing an error which it should not show :
> >
> > class Bag:
> > def __init__(self, x):
> > self.data = []
> >
> > def add(self, x):
> > self.data.append(x)
> > def addtwice(self, x):
> >  self.add(x)
> >  self.add(x)
> > y = Bag(4)
> > print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())
> >
> Perhaps you're confusing the two x parameters.  They are totally
> independent local variables, and the value of one is not in any way
> "remembered" for the other.  When you want to save things between
> multiple methods of an object, then store them in the object, perhaps in
> self.data  As it stands, the __init__ does not save the x at all, so the
> 4 that's passed into the initializer is thrown away.
>
> You call addtwice(), but don't supply any value to add.  y serves as the
> self value, but you have no x value.  What value did you intend to add?
>
> You'll have another problem, in that addtwice() doesn't return any value
> (so it returns None).  Therefore the print isn't going to work.  Please
> separate the print from the calculations, and the problems will be lots
> easier to figure out.  The wording of the string implies it's going to
> display two values, but the only value given it is None.
>
> > Error is :
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "Z:\learning Python\learn5.py", line 35, in 
> > print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())
> > TypeError: addtwice() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)
> >
> > why the prog is having this error with self nd x as arguments ???
> >
> >
> self and x are parameters.  You don't pass an argument for x to be bound
> to.
>
>
>
>
> --
>
> DaveA
>
>
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Re: classes

[inshu chauhan]

I was just trying out a programme for learning classes in python
>>
>> The prog below is showing an error which it should not show :
>>
>> class Bag:
>>  def __init__(self, x):
>>  self.data = []
>>
>
> You do nothing with x here. Right so x shouldnot be in the argument.
>
Fine

*class Bag:
>  def __init__(self):
>  self.data = []*
>
>
>>  def add(self, x):
>>  self.data.append(x)
>>  def addtwice(self, x):
>>   self.add(x)
>>   self.add(x)
>> y = Bag(4)
>>
>
> Create y with an argument of 4 'which is discarded in the initialiser.'
> means ??
>
>
>  print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())
>>
>
> There's no argument passed to addtwice here. ' why am I not passing y to
> addtwice here ??
>
>
>
>>
>> Error is :
>>
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>File "Z:\learning Python\learn5.py", line 35, in 
>>  print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())
>> TypeError: addtwice() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)
>>
>
> Exactly what I'd expect to happen.  What did you expect? I am learning
> 
>
>
>
>> why the prog is having this error with self nd x as arguments ???
>>
>
> What x argument?  Clearly wrong as I've pointed out above. How can i
> correct it ??
>
>
>>
>>
>>
> --
> Cheers.
>
> Mark Lawrence.
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
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classes

[inshu chauhan]

I was just trying out a programme for learning classes in python

The prog below is showing an error which it should not show :

class Bag:
def __init__(self, x):
self.data = []

def add(self, x):
self.data.append(x)
def addtwice(self, x):
 self.add(x)
 self.add(x)
y = Bag(4)
print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())


Error is :

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Z:\learning Python\learn5.py", line 35, in 
print " Adding twice of %4.2f gives " % (y.addtwice())
TypeError: addtwice() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)

why the prog is having this error with self nd x as arguments ???
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

ok I got it guys...

On Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 10:08 PM, Joshua Landau
wrote:

>  On 23 October 2012 21:06, Joshua Landau wrote:
>
>>  On 23 October 2012 21:03, Joshua Landau wrote:
>>
>>> On 23 October 2012 12:07, Jean-Michel Pichavant 
>>> wrote:
>>>
 - Original Message -

 > Thankyou.. but my problem is different than simply joining 2 lists
 > and it is done now :)


 A lot of people though you were asking for joining lists, you
 description was misleading.

 I'll take a guess: you want to flatten a list of list.
 "Nested" list comprehensions can do the trick.

 aList =[[1,5], [2,'a']]
 [item for sublist in aList for item in sublist]

 ...
 [1, 5, 2, 'a']

 I find it rather difficult to read though.
>>>
>>>
>>> We have a library function for this, in the one-and-only itertools.
>>>
>>> >>> listoflists = [list(range(x, 2*x)) for x in range(5)]
 >>> listoflists
 [[], [1], [2, 3], [3, 4, 5], [4, 5, 6, 7]]
 >>> from itertools import chain
  >>> list(chain.from_iterable(listoflists))
 [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7]
>>>
>>>
>>> It does exactly what it says... fast and easy-to-read.
>>
>>
>> Note that I think what he really wanted is to go from
>>
>> a, b, c = [list(x) for x in (range(10), range(11, 20), range(21, 30))]
>>
>> to
>>
>>> list(range(30))
>>
>>
> UNDO! UNDO! UNDO!
>
> I *meant *to say:
>
>  Note that I think what he really wanted is to go from
>
> a, b, c = [list(x) for x in (range(10), range(11, 20), range(21, 30))]
>
> to
>
>> [a, b, c]
>
>
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Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

Thankyou.. but my problem is different than simply joining 2 lists and it
is done now :)

On Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 11:38 AM, Joshua Landau
wrote:

> On 23/10/2012, inshu chauhan  wrote:
> > can we append a list with another list in Python ? using the normal
> routine
> > syntax but with a for loop ??
>
> I assume you want to join two lists.
>
> You are corrrect that we can do:
>
> >>> start = [1, 2, 3, 4]
> >>> end = [5, 6, 7, 8]
> >>>
> >>> for end_item in end:
> >>> start.append(end_item)
> >>>
> >>> print(start)
> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
> >>>
>
> However, it is markedly repetitive, no?
> This is a common enough operation that there is a shortcut to find out
> about it.
>
> If you want to find out what methods there are, try "help(...)". I
> can't stress this enough.
>
> >>> help(start)
> Help on list object:
>
> class list(object)
>  |  list() -> new empty list
>  |  list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
>  |
>  |  Methods defined here:
>  |
>  |  __add__(...)
>  |  x.__add__(y) <==> x+y
> ...
>  |  append(...)
>  |  L.append(object) -- append object to end
> ...
>  |  extend(...)
>  |  L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from
> the iterable
> ...
>
> So list.extend seems to do exactly this!
>
> You can always check the documentation
> <http://docs.python.org/tutorial/datastructures.html>.
> An lo! The documentation says "start.extend(end)" is _equivilant_ to
> "start[len(start):] = end".
>
> Why?
>
> Well, this uses the slicing syntax.
>
> >>> start[:3]
> [1, 2, 3]
> >>> start[3:]
> [4]
> >>> start[2:3]
> [3]
>
> Wonderously, all these really say are "ranges" in the list. Hence, you
> can "put" lists in their place.
>
> "start[len(start):] = end" means "start[-1:] = end", so what you're
> doing is saying "the empty end part of the list is actually this new
> list". Hopefully that makes sense.
>
> Finally, there is another method. Instead of *changing* the list, you
> can make a new list which is equal to the others "added" together.
>
> >>> new = start + end
>
> ___
>
> Theses methods all have their own upsides. If you want to change the
> list, use .extend(). If you want to change the list, but by putting
> the new list somewhere inside the "old" one, use slicing:
>
> >>> start = [1, 2, 3, 4]
> >>> end = [5, 6, 7, 8]
> >>>
> >>> start[2:2] = end
> >>> print(start)
> [1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, 4]
>
> Looping is good for when you want to generate the extra items as you go
> along.
>
> Finally, if you want to keep the old list or use these "inline", use "+".
>
> ___
>
> Note that, being in the unfortunate position of "away from an
> interpreter", none of my examples are copy-pastes. Hence they may be
> wrong :/
>
> # Not checked for errors, typos and my "friends" messing with it.
>
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Fwd: can we append a list with another list in Python ?

[inshu chauhan]

-- Forwarded message --
From: Zero Piraeus 
Date: Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 11:14 AM
Subject: Re: can we append a list with another list in Python ?
To: inshu chauhan 


:

On 23 October 2012 05:01, inshu chauhan  wrote:
> this is because this makes a single list out of 2 lists.. but I want to
retain both lists as lists within list... I hope u got it ??
>
> my problem is for example :
>
> x = [1,2,3]
> y = [10, 20, 30]
>
> I want the output to be :
>
> [[1,2,3], [10, 20, 30]] .. a list within list
>
> then i want to process each list in the big list using another function


For the example above, you'd just do:

>>> x = [1, 2, 3]
>>> y = [10, 20, 30]
>>> z = [x, y]
>>> z
[[1, 2, 3], [10, 20, 30]]

... but presumably there'll be more than two, and you're creating them
in some kind of loop? In that case, append is fine. For example:

>>> result = []
>>> for word in "squee", "kapow", "vroom":
... seq = list(word)  # or whatever you're doing to create the list
... result.append(seq)
...
>>> result
[['s', 'q', 'u', 'e', 'e'], ['k', 'a', 'p', 'o', 'w'], ['v', 'r', 'o',
'o', 'm']]

By the way - you only replied to me. Do you mind if I forward this
back to the list?

 -[]z.
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a prob.. error in prog ..dont knw how to correct

[inshu chauhan]

I am new to python and have a little problem to solve .. i have an
array with x, y, z co-ordinates in it as a tuple. I am trying to find
the distance between each point and sorting the points according to
the min distance.. i have tried a prog but m stuck bcoz of this error
which I am unable to correct



import cv
from math import floor, sqrt, ceil
from numpy import array, dot, subtract, add, linalg as lin

def calcdist(data):
for p in data:
x = p[0]
y = p[1]
z = p[2]
for i in range(len(data)):
  dist = sqrt((x[i]-x[i+1])**2 + (y[i]-y[i+1])**2 +(z[i]-z[i+1]**2))
  return dist


def ReadPointCloud(filename):
return [tuple(map(float, l.split()[1:4])) for l in open(filename)]

def main (data):

for i in range(len(data)): # Finding Neighbours
   for j in range(len(data)):
  dist = calcdist(data)
  print dist


if __name__ == '__main__':
data = ReadPointCloud(r'C:\Thesis\NEHreflectance_Scanner_1_part.txt')
data = data[0:100]
main(data)






the error m getting is...




Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\cal-dist.py", line 29, in 
main(data)
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\cal-dist.py", line 22, in main
dist = calcdist(data)
  File "C:\Users\inshu\Desktop\cal-dist.py", line 11, in calcdist
dist = sqrt((x[i]-x[i+1])**2 + (y[i]-y[i+1])**2 +(z[i]-z[i+1]**2))
TypeError: 'float' object has no attribute '__getitem__'
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pls help me with this prog

[inshu chauhan]

in this prog I have written a code to calculate teh centre of a given 3D data..

but i want to calculate it for every 3 points not the whole data, but
instead of giving me centre for every 3 data the prog is printing the
centre 3 times...

import cv
from math import floor, sqrt, ceil
from numpy import array, dot, subtract, add, linalg as lin




def CalcCentre(data):
centre = array([0,0,0])
count = 0
n = 0
for p in data[n:n+3]:
centre = add(centre, array(p[:3]))
count += 1
centre = dot(1./count, centre)
return centre
n += 1
def ReadPointCloud(filename):
f = open(filename)
result = []
for l in f:
sp = l.split()
t = tuple(map(float, sp[1:4]))
result.append(t)
return result

def main (data):


j = 0
for  i in data[:3]:
while j != 3:
 centre = CalcCentre(data)
 j += 1
 print centre


if __name__ == '__main__':
data = ReadPointCloud(r'Z:\data\NEHreflectance_Scanner 1_part.txt')

main(data)




PLS HELP 
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