Re: function-class frustration
En Sat, 22 Mar 2008 07:07:18 -0300, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
escribi�:
> On Mar 22, 7:19 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
>> On the other hand, are you willing to make changes to the console?
>> How big and what? I was thinking of __ to keep the second-to-last
>> most recent command.
>
> Access to and editing of previous input lines is already provided by
> the cooked mode of the console (e.g. on Windows, lean on the up-arrow
> key) or can be obtained by installing the readline package. Perhaps by
> analogy with _, you mean the *result* of the penultimate *expression*.
> This functionality would be provided by the Python interactive
> interpreter but it's not ... do have a look at IPython (http://
There is no need to change the interpreter, one can use sys.displayhook to
achieve that.
Create or add the following to your sitecustomize.py module:
# sitecustomize.py
import sys
import __builtin__ as builtin
def displayhook(value):
if value is not None:
sys.stdout.write('%s\n' % value)
builtin._ = value
if not hasattr(builtin, '__'):
__ = builtin.__ = displaylist()
else:
__ = builtin.__
__.append(value)
sys.displayhook = displayhook
class displaylist(list):
"""List of expressions kept by displayhook.
It has a maximum size and a custom display, enumerating lines.
Lines are trimmed at the middle to fit the maximum width"""
maxlen = 20
maxwidth = 80-1-4
def __str__(self):
def genlines(self):
for i, value in enumerate(self):
s = str(value)
if len(s) > self.maxwidth:
p = (self.maxwidth - 3) // 2
s = s[:p] + '...' + s[-(self.maxwidth - p - 3):]
yield '%2d: %s' % (i, s)
return '\n'.join(genlines(self))
def append(self, value):
# don't keep duplicates
# obey the maximum size
if value is self:
return
if value in self:
self.remove(value)
if len(self) > self.maxlen - 1:
del self[:-self.maxlen - 1]
list.append(self, value)
py> 24*60*60*365
31536000
py> "hello world".split()
['hello', 'world']
py> help
Type help() for interactive help, or help(object) for help about object.
py> quit
Use quit() or Ctrl-Z plus Return to exit
py> __
0: 31536000
1: ['hello', 'world']
2: Type help() for interactiv...ct) for help about object.
3: Use quit() or Ctrl-Z plus Return to exit
py> __[1]
['hello', 'world']
py> __[0] // 3
10512000
py> __
0: 31536000
1: Type help() for interactiv...ct) for help about object.
2: Use quit() or Ctrl-Z plus Return to exit
3: ['hello', 'world']
4: 10512000
py>
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function-class frustration
On Mar 22, 10:07 am, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > On Mar 22, 7:19 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > > > > On the other hand, are you willing to make changes to the console? > > How big and what? I was thinking of __ to keep the second-to-last > > most recent command. > > Access to and editing of previous input lines is already provided by > the cooked mode of the console (e.g. on Windows, lean on the up-arrow > key) or can be obtained by installing the readline package. Perhaps by > analogy with _, you mean the *result* of the penultimate *expression*. > This functionality would be provided by the Python interactive > interpreter but it's not ... do have a look at IPython (http:// > ipython.scipy.org/moin/About); I don't use it but I get the impression > that if it doesn't already keep a stack or queue of recent results, > you could implement it yourself easily. As you guessed, __ and ___ have the expected meaning in IPython. moreover the nth output in the session is stored in _n. -- Arnaud -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function-class frustration
On Mar 22, 7:19 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > On the other hand, are you willing to make changes to the console? > How big and what? I was thinking of __ to keep the second-to-last > most recent command. Access to and editing of previous input lines is already provided by the cooked mode of the console (e.g. on Windows, lean on the up-arrow key) or can be obtained by installing the readline package. Perhaps by analogy with _, you mean the *result* of the penultimate *expression*. This functionality would be provided by the Python interactive interpreter but it's not ... do have a look at IPython (http:// ipython.scipy.org/moin/About); I don't use it but I get the impression that if it doesn't already keep a stack or queue of recent results, you could implement it yourself easily. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
function-class frustration
>>> FunctionType.__eq__= 0
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
TypeError: can't set attributes of built-in/extension type 'function'
>>> type( 'F', ( FunctionType, ), { '__eq__': e } )
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
TypeError: type 'function' is not an acceptable base type
On the other hand, are you willing to make changes to the console?
How big and what? I was thinking of __ to keep the second-to-last
most recent command.
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Re: How to find parent function/class of generators?
In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, J. A. Aczel wrote: > Unfortunately, generator objects don't seem to include any information > about the parent object or function that created them. So add your own. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to find parent function/class of generators?
"J. A. Aczel" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Hello all. I think I should explain my problem in detail, so everyone | understands what I'm trying to do and why. There may be a better | approach to the whole problem then I am using. | | I am working on a game, with most of my AI code & such divided up into | generator functions (really coroutines that don't take any input) | stored in a dictionary called Director.tasks, and handled by a simple | cooperative multitasking engine. The dictionary key is the generator | object to be advanced, and the value is the frame number at which it | should next be executed. The generator objects yield the delay before | their next execution. | |def realtick(self): |Director.frame += 1 |for task in Director.tasks.items(): |if task[1] <= Director.frame: |try: |result = task[0].next() |if result == -1: |Director.tasks.pop(task[0]) |else: |Director.tasks[task[0]] = Director.frame + result |except: |Director.tasks.pop(task[0]) | | Why did I use a dictionary? Originally I had a list of lists, but I | thought converting it to a dictionary would make removing tasks from | the queue easier, the main difficulty I'm having. But it didn't, | because I can't identify the The standard way of storing multiple tasks for future execution at a varietyu of times is a priority queue. Python's heap class (module) is one way to implement such. | Due to the framework I'm using, I think (or possibly just the Python | language?) in-game objects aren't actually destroyed when they're | removed from the game world. Thus, when an enemy or something with | associated tasks 'dies', the tasks merrily continue executing... and | the game will have a bunch of enemies who no longer have sprites, | movement abilities or collision checks, but otherwise are none the | worse for wear for having been destroyed. It's a big mess. So I need a | way to remove all tasks associated with a game object from the queue, | upon the object's 'destruction'. I suspect you need to keep a list of tasks associated with a creature with each creature. When creature dies, remove them from the queue or keep a set of dead tasks that tasks removed from the queue are checked against before being executed. Good luck. tjr -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to find parent function/class of generators?
Hello all. I think I should explain my problem in detail, so everyone understands what I'm trying to do and why. There may be a better approach to the whole problem then I am using. I am working on a game, with most of my AI code & such divided up into generator functions (really coroutines that don't take any input) stored in a dictionary called Director.tasks, and handled by a simple cooperative multitasking engine. The dictionary key is the generator object to be advanced, and the value is the frame number at which it should next be executed. The generator objects yield the delay before their next execution. def realtick(self): Director.frame += 1 for task in Director.tasks.items(): if task[1] <= Director.frame: try: result = task[0].next() if result == -1: Director.tasks.pop(task[0]) else: Director.tasks[task[0]] = Director.frame + result except: Director.tasks.pop(task[0]) Why did I use a dictionary? Originally I had a list of lists, but I thought converting it to a dictionary would make removing tasks from the queue easier, the main difficulty I'm having. But it didn't, because I can't identify the Due to the framework I'm using, I think (or possibly just the Python language?) in-game objects aren't actually destroyed when they're removed from the game world. Thus, when an enemy or something with associated tasks 'dies', the tasks merrily continue executing... and the game will have a bunch of enemies who no longer have sprites, movement abilities or collision checks, but otherwise are none the worse for wear for having been destroyed. It's a big mess. So I need a way to remove all tasks associated with a game object from the queue, upon the object's 'destruction'. Unfortunately, generator objects don't seem to include any information about the parent object or function that created them. I ran the dir() builtin on a sample generator object, created from an object method, and got this: ['__class__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__', 'close', 'gi_frame', 'gi_running', 'next', 'send', 'throw'] __class__ just contains . If __doc__'s the docstring, I suppose I could use that to identify the generator object, but it seems hackish nothing else in that list looks likely. Is this python's message to me that I'm abusing generators for entirely the wrong purpose? In any case, since I can't figure out how to determine which generator object corresponds to which game object, I'm stuck. I'd appreciate any pointers or suggestions. :) I might have missed something very obvious, since I'm no pythonista and have generally been working on this in short spurts late at night. If so, sorry for making you read all of this! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function & class
jupiter wrote: > I am getting this error when I am using sql command within > class.function accessing from another class > > how can I create seperate instance for sqlite objects ??? Trying to help you gets boring. I suggest reading the material that's being offered. Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #241: _Rosin_ core solder? But... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function & class
c.execute("select symbol,tvolume,date,time from "+self.dbase+"
where symbol=
?",t)
ProgrammingError: SQLite objects created in a thread can only be used
in that sa
me thread.The object was created in thread id 976 and this is thread
id 944
I am getting this error when I am using sql command within
class.function accessing from another class
how can I create seperate instance for sqlite objects ???
@nil
--
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Re: function & class
jupiter wrote: > My problem is I want to use threading You're right. Why do you think you want to use (multi-)threading? > and I might need to pass values between function and classes. I am > not sure how this can be done. I have read about classes and I > know they are like function however does not return anything where > as function does. If I define class and then function in this > class how do I access this function ? I think you could read a tutorial about OOP, for example one of those: http://www.google.de/search?q=python+oop+tutorial Feel free to post here for further questions. > I am not sure and confused about classes and functions as how to > go about them is there any simple way to understand difference > between them and when to use what and how to pass data/reference > pointer between them ? BTW, please use some punctuation. Reading your multiline sentences isn't easy. Regards, Björn -- BOFH excuse #393: Interference from the Van Allen Belt. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function & class
Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:
> Classes are used to define and create ('instanciate' in OO jargon)
Good info from Bruno, just a quick note that it's spelled
"instantiate" (I'm not usually big on spelling corrections but since
you were teaching a new word I thought it might be worthwile).
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Re: function & class
jupiter a écrit :
> hi friends,
>
> I have a program like
>
> some variable definations
>
> a function ( arg1, agr2):
> do something with arg1 & arg2
> return a list
>
> if condition
>do this function(arg1,arg2)
> else
> if condition
> do this function
>else
> do this
>
>
> My problem is I want to use threading and I might need to pass values
> between function and classes.
which classes ? I see no class statement in your above pseudo-code.
> I am not sure how this can be done. I
> have read about classes and I know they are like function
Hmm. While technically, yes, Python classes are "callable" just like
functions are, this is mostly an implementation detail (or at least you
can consider it as such for now). Now from a conceptual POV, functions
and classes are quite different beasts.
> however does
> not return anything where as function does.
Where did you get such "knowledge", if I may ask ? Looks like you need a
better source of informations !-)
> If I define class and then
> function in this class how do I access this function ?
Classes are used to define and create ('instanciate' in OO jargon)
objects. Usually, one first creates an object, then calls methods on
this object:
class Greeter(object):
def __init__(self, name, saywhat=None):
self.name = name
if self.saywhat is None:
self.saywhat = "Hello %(who)s, greetings from %(name)s"
else:
self.saywhat = saywhat
def greet(self, who):
return self.saywhat % dict(name=self.name, who=who)
bruno = Greeter('Bruno')
print bruno.greet('Jupiter')
> I am not sure and confused about classes and functions as how to go
> about them is there any simple way to understand difference between
> them
Read a tutorial on OO ? Here's one:
http://pytut.infogami.com/node11-baseline.html
> and when to use what and how to pass data/reference pointer
> between them ?
In Python, everything you can name, pass to a function or return from a
function is an object.
> @nil
> Pythonist
>
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function & class
hi friends, I have a program like some variable definations a function ( arg1, agr2): do something with arg1 & arg2 return a list if condition do this function(arg1,arg2) else if condition do this function else do this My problem is I want to use threading and I might need to pass values between function and classes. I am not sure how this can be done. I have read about classes and I know they are like function however does not return anything where as function does. If I define class and then function in this class how do I access this function ? I am not sure and confused about classes and functions as how to go about them is there any simple way to understand difference between them and when to use what and how to pass data/reference pointer between them ? @nil Pythonist -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
