[Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the i! dea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 12 March 2013 at 08:26, Simon Urbanek wrote: | Kevin, | | On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: | | | I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the! i! | dea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. | | Have a look at Rcpp. And particularly the RcppGSL package which even includes a complete working example calling a single GSL function, a vector norm. Users still need an external GSL to link (on Unix and OS X, om Windows CRAN has this covered as I recall). Dirk | I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. | | | Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. | | Cheers, | Simon | | | Thanks. | | Kevin | | __ | R-devel@r-project.org mailing list | https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel | | | | __ | R-devel@r-project.org mailing list | https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel -- Dirk Eddelbuettel | e...@debian.org | http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the! idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. Cheers, H. Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the ! idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel -- Hervé Pagès Program in Computational Biology Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1100 Fairview Ave. N, M1-B514 P.O. Box 19024 Seattle, WA 98109-1024 E-mail: hpa...@fhcrc.org Phone: (206) 667-5791 Fax:(206) 667-1319 __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. Cheers, Simon Cheers, H. Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the ! idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 12 March 2013 at 11:01, Hervé Pagès wrote: | Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: | |how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged |in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? | | Use the LinkingTo field. Nope. Only covers the case of include files [1] Dirk [1] Unless you also register every single C function which is clearly impractical with a library as large as the GSL. See '5.4 Registering native routines' and '5.8 Linking to other packages' in the usual Writing R Extensions manual. -- Dirk Eddelbuettel | e...@debian.org | http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. Yes there is the extra difficulty to register all the C functions in the GSL API (as pointed out by Dirk) but that's another story. Thanks, H. Cheers, Simon Cheers, H. Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like t he ! idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 11:56 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:48 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. No (you cannot link to another package - that's the misnomer), he wants to link to a library provided by another package (see his e-mail, he's asking about how to locate the GSL library supplied with RGSL, not to RGSL itself). Maybe I misunderstand what the OP wants to do, and the only way to know would be for him to clarify, but IIUC the RGSL package would only contain the GSL library. At least that's how I understand it (and that's what makes sense to me). So the RGSL package would contain only 1 shared object (or 1 shared object per sub-arch): the GSLR.so file (extension may vary). So I'm not sure what's the difference between linking to the GSL library supplied with RGSL and linking to RGSL itself? Very confusing to me. Thanks for your time and sorry if I'm missing something obvious. H. Yes there is the extra difficulty to register all the C functions in the GSL API (as pointed out by Dirk) but that's another story. That's not another story - that's very much part of the story why using LinkingTo is not a good idea. Cheers, Simon Thanks, H. Cheers, Simon Cheers, H. Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On Mar 12, 2013, at 3:35 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:56 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:48 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. No (you cannot link to another package - that's the misnomer), he wants to link to a library provided by another package (see his e-mail, he's asking about how to locate the GSL library supplied with RGSL, not to RGSL itself). Maybe I misunderstand what the OP wants to do, and the only way to know would be for him to clarify, but IIUC the RGSL package would only contain the GSL library. At least that's how I understand it (and that's what makes sense to me). So the RGSL package would contain only 1 shared object (or 1 shared object per sub-arch): the GSLR.so file (extension may vary). So I'm not sure what's the difference between linking to the GSL library supplied with RGSL and linking to RGSL itself? GSL library inside RGSL is libgsl.* (where * is a, dylib, so, dll depending on the type and OS). This is *not* the same as RGSL.so/dll which would be the package shared object compiled by R for the package. There is a big difference: the shared objects that R creates for packages cannot be linked to, they are meant to be used with dlopen()/dlsym() - which is what R uses to load symbols entry points. That is also the reason why using LinkingTo: requires explicit exposure of symbols by the package providing the symbols as well as explicit loading of the symbols by the package that uses them. This is entirely different than linking to a library - in the latter case the linker (not R) establishes the connection between the symbols in the library and references - and in case of a static library they get copied into the binary that is being created (which is why you don't need it anymore after linking).
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 12:53 PM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 3:35 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:56 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:48 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. No (you cannot link to another package - that's the misnomer), he wants to link to a library provided by another package (see his e-mail, he's asking about how to locate the GSL library supplied with RGSL, not to RGSL itself). Maybe I misunderstand what the OP wants to do, and the only way to know would be for him to clarify, but IIUC the RGSL package would only contain the GSL library. At least that's how I understand it (and that's what makes sense to me). So the RGSL package would contain only 1 shared object (or 1 shared object per sub-arch): the GSLR.so file (extension may vary). So I'm not sure what's the difference between linking to the GSL library supplied with RGSL and linking to RGSL itself? GSL library inside RGSL is libgsl.* (where * is a, dylib, so, dll depending on the type and OS). This is *not* the same as RGSL.so/dll which would be the package shared object compiled by R for the package. There is a big difference: the shared objects that R creates for packages cannot be linked to, they are meant to be used with dlopen()/dlsym() - which is what R uses to load symbols entry points. That is also the reason why using LinkingTo: requires explicit exposure of symbols by the package providing the symbols as well as explicit loading of the symbols by the package that uses them. This is entirely different than linking to a library - in the latter case the linker (not R) establishes the connection between the symbols in the library and references - and in case of a static library they get copied into the binary that is being created (which is why you don't need it anymore after linking). OK, thanks for the clarification.
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 12 March 2013 at 13:56, Hervé Pagès wrote: | The reason I'm interested in clarifying this is that we are facing | a similar situation with other libraries (e.g. the BOOST library) | used by some Bioconductor packages. Right now, each Bioconductor | package includes its own version of the BOOST source code, which | is of course less than optimal. Ideally we'd want to wrap the BOOST | source (or a subset of it, it's huge!) in something like an rBOOST | package and use a setup similar to what I describe above for RGSL | (i.e. using LinkingTo). Are there better ways? Is there something | like an RcppBOOST package? Sounds like, like for the GSL, it would | be better to install the static BOOST libs on the build machine and | have client packages link against that (but that also means more | complexity in the client packages since they need a configure script). Are you aware of the BH package on r-forge and now in CRAN? It provides Boost __headers__ which is enough for purely template-based packages. The bigmemory packages already uses it, and we are collecting a few 'issue tickets' at the R-Forge page to see which other (CRAN) packages could use which other Boost packages. Again, this works for _template_ based Boost library and excludes eg Boost regex which needs linking. So this may not help you if not to also link to Boost Graph. Dirk -- Dirk Eddelbuettel | e...@debian.org | http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On Mar 12, 2013, at 4:56 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 12:53 PM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 3:35 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:56 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:48 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. No (you cannot link to another package - that's the misnomer), he wants to link to a library provided by another package (see his e-mail, he's asking about how to locate the GSL library supplied with RGSL, not to RGSL itself). Maybe I misunderstand what the OP wants to do, and the only way to know would be for him to clarify, but IIUC the RGSL package would only contain the GSL library. At least that's how I understand it (and that's what makes sense to me). So the RGSL package would contain only 1 shared object (or 1 shared object per sub-arch): the GSLR.so file (extension may vary). So I'm not sure what's the difference between linking to the GSL library supplied with RGSL and linking to RGSL itself? GSL library inside RGSL is libgsl.* (where * is a, dylib, so, dll depending on the type and OS). This is *not* the same as RGSL.so/dll which would be the package shared object compiled by R for the package. There is a big difference: the shared objects that R creates for packages cannot be linked to, they are meant to be used with dlopen()/dlsym() - which is what R uses to load symbols entry points. That is also the reason why using LinkingTo: requires explicit exposure of symbols by the package providing the symbols as well as explicit loading of the symbols by the package that uses them. This is entirely different than linking to a library - in the latter case the linker (not R) establishes the connection between the symbols in the library and references - and in case of a static
[Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like the ! idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. It will (hopefully) be hosted on BioConductor. I suppose they would do the same thing? I didn't realize this was the normal case. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large (22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. I just mean biologists installing and using the package. I didn't realize they are always distributed in binary form, guess I've had my head stuck in the linux world for too long :). Cheers, Simon So, any other suggestions about how this could be accomplished? Thanks. Kevin On 03/12/2013 05:26 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: Kevin, On Mar 11, 2013, at 5:20 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: I am developing an R package, eiR, which depends on another C library, GNU scientific library (GSL). In order to make life easier for the user, it would be nice to not have this as an external dependency, thus I would like to wrap this library in another R package, say GSLR for example. Thus far I know how to do this. The C code in eiR requires the .so library and the header files from GSL in order to compile. So the idea is that eiR would depend on GSLR, then GSLR gets compiled and installed first, then, while eiR is installing, it should be able to make use of the GSL library and header files while compiling. So my question is, how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? I know how to find the installed directory of an R package from within R, but is there way to find that out using just Makevars or a Makefile? I'm open to suggestions about a better way organize all of this as well. I like th! e idea of keeping the GSL code separate so that it can be updated/changed independently from eiR though. Have a look at Rcpp. I'm also aware of the gsl R library on CRAN, however, this just wraps GSL in R functions, but I need to use the GSL C functions in other C code in eiR. Why is what you are proposing any better than simply using GSL in eiR? You will still need the GSL external dependency for GSLR and you are only adding a lot of complexity by linking into another package's external directory (you cannot use libs) which is in itself very tricky (you'll have to deal with both static and shared version, multi-arch setups, possible relocation etc.). It won't make it any easier on the user, rather to the contrary as there will be more things to break. The only reason Rcpp goes into such length to do this is because it has no choice (the Rcpp library has to use the same libR so cannot be used as external dependency) - I would certainly not recommend it for something as trivial as providing GSL. Cheers, Simon Thanks. Kevin __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 02:14 PM, Dirk Eddelbuettel wrote: On 12 March 2013 at 13:56, Hervé Pagès wrote: | The reason I'm interested in clarifying this is that we are facing | a similar situation with other libraries (e.g. the BOOST library) | used by some Bioconductor packages. Right now, each Bioconductor | package includes its own version of the BOOST source code, which | is of course less than optimal. Ideally we'd want to wrap the BOOST | source (or a subset of it, it's huge!) in something like an rBOOST | package and use a setup similar to what I describe above for RGSL | (i.e. using LinkingTo). Are there better ways? Is there something | like an RcppBOOST package? Sounds like, like for the GSL, it would | be better to install the static BOOST libs on the build machine and | have client packages link against that (but that also means more | complexity in the client packages since they need a configure script). Are you aware of the BH package on r-forge and now in CRAN? It provides Boost __headers__ which is enough for purely template-based packages. The bigmemory packages already uses it, and we are collecting a few 'issue tickets' at the R-Forge page to see which other (CRAN) packages could use which other Boost packages. Again, this works for _template_ based Boost library and excludes eg Boost regex which needs linking. So this may not help you if not to also link to Boost Graph. That's great to know, thanks! We'll need to check which BioC packages are purely template-based. Using BH for those certainly sounds like a better way to go. H. Dirk -- Hervé Pagès Program in Computational Biology Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1100 Fairview Ave. N, M1-B514 P.O. Box 19024 Seattle, WA 98109-1024 E-mail: hpa...@fhcrc.org Phone: (206) 667-5791 Fax:(206) 667-1319 __ R-devel@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
Re: [Rd] compiling C code using headers from another R package
On 03/12/2013 02:15 PM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 4:56 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 12:53 PM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 3:35 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:56 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:48 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: On 03/12/2013 11:09 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 2:01 PM, Hervé Pagès wrote: Hi, On 03/12/2013 09:55 AM, Simon Urbanek wrote: On Mar 12, 2013, at 12:30 PM, Kevin Horan wrote: Thanks for your input. To clarify, I don't need to use any part of GSL in my R code, nor do I wish to make any part of it accessible to users of eiR. I need it to compile other C/C++ code (LSH KIT), which I did not write, that will itself be used in eiR. My goal is allow the user to install eiR without also having to install GSL before hand. If your package is on CRAN they won't need to as we are providing Mac and Windows binaries. I think that at least on Windows, the user would still need to have the GSL installed on his/her machine. Why? Linux can get the binaries form their distro, so the dependencies are installed automatically. The target audience is people in bioinformatics who may not how to install something like GSL. It seems like what I was suggesting is not such a good idea, if it will be hard to reliably find the header files from another R package. I could also push all of GSL into eiR, but as GSL has over 5000 files, this makes the package very large ( 22 MB) and slow to compile. Both of which are a problem when submitting a package to bioconductor. It may very well be that leaving GSL as an external dependency to eiR is really the best and easiest way, but I just wanted to see if there was any way to make it easier for the user. Can you clarify what you mean by user? The vast majority of R users use binaries, so all this is irrelevant to them as they don't need to install GSL at all. FWIW we currently have 7 or 8 Bioconductor packages that require the GSL as an external system lib. That's because even if we provide Windows binaries for those packages, those binaries are dynamically linked. Is there a way to build those binaries that would avoid that dependency? Yes, use static libgsl. Ah yes, of course. Thanks for the reminder. Just checked with Dan and turns out that we are using that libgsl.a too (made by Brian D. Ripley) on our build system. Some Bioconductor packages have README or INSTALL files that still mention that the Windows user needs to install the GSL but that doesn't seem to be the case so we'll make sure this information gets updated. Also the SystemRequirements field in the DESCRIPTION file can be a little bit confusing as it suggests that everybody requires the stuff listed here when it actually depends whether the user is installing the binary or not and how the binary was made. Anyway, to answer Kevin's original question: how do I know where the GSL library and header files, packaged in GSLR, would live so I can point the compiler at them? Use the LinkingTo field. No, you're not linking to another package, your'e linking to a *library*. LinkingTo uses R's own mechanism for symbol detection in another *package*. I know, the name is a bit misleading but those are two different things. I understand that but that's what Kevin wants right, i.e. linking to another package. No (you cannot link to another package - that's the misnomer), he wants to link to a library provided by another package (see his e-mail, he's asking about how to locate the GSL library supplied with RGSL, not to RGSL itself). Maybe I misunderstand what the OP wants to do, and the only way to know would be for him to clarify, but IIUC the RGSL package would only contain the GSL library. At least that's how I understand it (and that's what makes sense to me). So the RGSL package would contain only 1 shared object (or 1 shared object per sub-arch): the GSLR.so file (extension may vary). So I'm not sure what's the difference between linking to the GSL library supplied with RGSL and linking to RGSL itself? GSL library inside RGSL is libgsl.* (where * is a, dylib, so, dll depending on the type and OS). This is *not* the same as RGSL.so/dll which would be the package shared object compiled by R for the package. There is a big difference: the shared objects that R creates for packages cannot be linked to, they are meant to be used with dlopen()/dlsym() - which is what R uses to load symbols entry points. That is also the reason why using LinkingTo: requires explicit exposure of symbols by the package providing the symbols as well as explicit loading of the symbols by the package that uses them. This is entirely different than linking to a library - in the latter case the linker (not R) establishes the connection between the symbols in the library and references - and in case of a static library they get copied into the binary that is being
