Re: [R] Chemical Names in Data Frames
?make.names perhaps. On Fri, Sep 2, 2011 at 4:13 PM, Durant, James T. (ATSDR/DTEM/PRMSB) h...@cdc.gov wrote: Greetings - I am working on some data that contain chemical names with air concentrations, and I am creating a data frame with date/time and each chemical having its own column. However, these are organic chemicals (e.g. 1-butene, 2,3,4-trimethylbenzene etc). The package I am going to be using the data with is openair, and many of the great functions require you to specify a column name which does not seem to work with improper column names- e.g. smoothTrend(mydata, pollutant=1-Butene and smoothTrend(mydata, pollutant=mydata[,1-Butene]) I was wondering if there was a function to automatically convert these chemical names (with all sorts of numbers and minuses in the beginning) to something openair can handle? Or am I going to be stuck recoding several hundred chemical names in my database? VR Jim James T. Durant, MSPH CIH Emergency Response Coordinator US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Atlanta, GA 30341 770-378-1695 [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Help: extrac the first entry for each component of a list
sapply(a, `[`, 1) On Wed, Aug 24, 2011 at 12:18 AM, Chee Chen chee.c...@yahoo.com wrote: Dear All, I would like to know, beside writing a function and then apply it to a list, or using a for loop, whether there is a one-line command to do the following. Suppose we have a list, each of whose components are numeric: a - vector(list,3) a[[1]] -c(1,2) a[[2]] -c(3,4) a[[3]] - c(5,6) a [[1]] [1] 1 2 [[2]] [1] 3 4 [[3]] [1] 5 6 Target: I would like to extract from each of its components the first entry and store them into a vector, ie, to extract 1 from a[[1]], 3 from a[[2]], 5 from a[[3]], and store 1,3,5 into a vector without using for loops. Thank you, Chee [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] How to call an external program/web page under R for Mac OS?
To open a website on the default browser: system(open http://www.google.com;) Gustavo. On Tue, May 24, 2011 at 7:56 PM, jbrezmes jesus.brez...@gmail.com wrote: I would like to be able to call external programs such as Java scripts (*.jar files) or bring up the browser to a given direction. Can that be done from R? I am running R on a mac OS X system. Thanks again for any suggestions or solutions. Best regards, Jesus Brezmes -- View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/How-to-call-an-external-program-web-page-under-R-for-Mac-OS-tp3548479p3548479.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Find number of elements less than some number: Elegant/fast solution needed
This might be a bit quicker with larger vectors:
f - function(x, y) sum(x y)
vf - Vectorize(f, x)
vf(x, y)
On Thu, Apr 14, 2011 at 5:37 PM, Marc Schwartz marc_schwa...@me.com wrote:
On Apr 14, 2011, at 2:34 PM, Kevin Ummel wrote:
Take vector x and a subset y:
x=1:10
y=c(4,5,7,9)
For each value in 'x', I want to know how many elements in 'y' are less than
'x'.
An example would be:
sapply(x,FUN=function(i) {length(which(yi))})
[1] 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 3 3 4
But this solution is far too slow when x and y have lengths in the millions.
I'm certain an elegant (and computationally efficient) solution exists, but
I'm in the weeds at this point.
Any help is much appreciated.
Kevin
University of Manchester
I started working on a solution to your problem above and then noted the one
below.
Here is one approach to the above:
colSums(outer(y, x, ))
[1] 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 3 3 4
Take two vectors x and y, where y is a subset of x:
x=1:10
y=c(2,5,6,9)
If y is removed from x, the original x values now have a new placement
(index) in the resulting vector (new):
new=x[-y]
index=1:length(new)
The challenge is: How can I *quickly* and *efficiently* deduce the new
'index' value directly from the original 'x' value -- using only 'y' as an
input?
In practice, I have very large matrices containing the 'x' values, and I
need to convert them to the corresponding 'index' if the 'y' values are
removed.
Something like the following might work, if I correctly understand the
problem:
match(x, x[-y])
[1] 1 NA 2 3 NA NA 4 5 NA 6
HTH,
Marc Schwartz
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Re: [R] confirmatory factor analysis program in R
Search for lavaan, sem, and OpenMx. On Mon, Mar 21, 2011 at 12:34 AM, rvohen bingbingzhan...@126.com wrote: thank you ! I will try it ! -- View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/confirmatory-factor-analysis-program-in-R-tp3386133p3392279.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Incorrect degrees of freedom in SEM model using lavaan
Your model is saturated. I think lavaan calculates the number of degrees of freedom this way: DF = n*(n + 1)/2 - t - n.fix*(n.fix + 1)/2 n = number of variables t = number of free parameters n.fix = number of fixed exogenous variables So, if you fix the exogenous variables, as in mimic = Mplus: DF = 28 - 13 - 15 = 0 If you don't, as in mimic = EQS: DF = 28 - 28 - 0 = 0 You are probably not considering the variances and covariances of the exogenous variables to arrive at 15 degrees of freedom: model = ' Internet + Stress3 ~ HHincome + Race + Age + Gender + Stress1 Stress3 ~ Internet HHincome ~~ 0*Race + 0*Age + 0*Gender + 0*Stress1 Race ~~ 0*Age + 0*Gender + 0*Stress1 Age ~~ 0*Gender + 0*Stress1 Gender ~~ 0*Stress1 HHincome ~~ 1*HHincome Race ~~ 1*Race Age ~~ 1*Age Gender ~~ 1*Gender Stress1 ~~ 1*Stress1 ' fit = lavaan(model, sample.nobs=161, sample.cov=myCov, int.ov.free = T, int.lv.free = F, auto.fix.first = T, auto.fix.single = T, auto.resid.var = T, auto.cov.lv.x = T, auto.cov.y = T, mimic = EQS) summary(fit) Cheers, Gustavo. On Thu, Mar 17, 2011 at 9:50 AM, Andrew Miles rstuff.mi...@gmail.com wrote: I have been trying to use lavaan (version 0.4-7) for a simple path model, but the program seems to be computing far less degrees of freedom for my model then it should have. I have 7 variables, which should give (7)(8)/2 = 28 covariances, and hence 28 DF. The model seems to only think I have 13 DF. The code to reproduce the problem is below. Have I done something wrong, or is this something I should take to the developer? library(lavaan) myCov = matrix(c(24.40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, .03, .03, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6.75, - .08, 519.38, 0, 0, 0, 0, .36, .01, 2.74, .18, 0, 0, 0, .51, .0, -.31, .02, .2, .0, 0, -.17, .0, -1.6, -.04, .01, .25, 0, -.1, .02, -.03, .0, -.01, .01 , .02), nrow=7, byrow=TRUE, dimnames=list(c(Internet, Stress3, HHincome, Race, Age, Gender, Stress1), c(Internet, Stress3, HHincome, Race, Age, Gender, Stress1))) model = ' Internet ~ HHincome + Race + Age + Gender + Stress1 Stress3 ~ Internet + HHincome + Race + Age + Gender + Stress1 ' fit=sem(model, sample.nobs=161, sample.cov=myCov, mimic.Mplus=FALSE) #check the number of parameters being estimated inspect(fit, what=free) #Note the DF for the Chi-square is 0, when it should be 28-13 = 15 summary(fit) Andrew Miles [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Is there an implementation for URL Encoding (/format) in R?
?URLencode On Thu, Nov 25, 2010 at 3:53 PM, Tal Galili tal.gal...@gmail.com wrote: Hello all, I would like some R function that can translate a string to a URL encoding (see here: http://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_urlencode.asp) Is it implemented? (I wasn't able to find any reference to it) Thanks, Tal Contact Details:--- Contact me: tal.gal...@gmail.com | 972-52-7275845 Read me: www.talgalili.com (Hebrew) | www.biostatistics.co.il (Hebrew) | www.r-statistics.com (English) -- [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] the first. from SAS in R
Perhaps something like this:
a$d - ifelse(duplicated(a$a), 0, 1)
On Tue, Nov 23, 2010 at 1:33 PM, Joel joda2...@student.uu.se wrote:
Is there any similar function in R to the first. in SAS?
What it dose is:
Lets say we have this table:
a b c
1 1 5
1 0 2
2 0 2
2 0 NA
2 9 2
3 1 3
and then I want do to do one thing the first time the number 1 appers in a
and something else the secund time 1 appers in a and so on.
so
something similar to:
if first.a {
a$d-1
}else{
a$d-0
}
This would give me
a b c b
1 1 5 1
1 0 2 0
2 0 2 1
2 0 NA 0
2 9 2 0
3 1 3 1
Is there such a function in R or anything similar?
thx
//Joel
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[R] looking for a faster way to compare two columns of a matrix
Please consider this matrix:
x - structure(c(5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6, 3, 2, 1, 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 2, 1,
1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0), .Dim = c(5L, 5L))
For each pair of columns, I want to calculate the proportion of entries
different than 0 in column j (i j) that have lower values than the entries
in the same row in column i:
x[, 1:2]
sum((x[,1] x[,2]) (x[,2] 0))/sum(x[,2] 0)
Thus, for this pair, 3 of the 4 entries in the second column are
lower than the entries in the same row in the first column.
When both columns of a given pair have the same number of cells different than
0, the value of the metric is 0.
x[, 3:4]
colSums(x[, 3:4] 0)
The same if column j has more valid ( 0) entries.
I've been doing this using this idea:
combinations - combn(1:ncol(x), 2)
values - numeric(ncol(combinations))
for (i in 1:ncol(combinations)) {
pair - combinations[,i]
first - x[, pair[1]]
second - x[, pair[2]]
if (sum(first 0) = sum(second 0)) next
values[i] - sum(first - second 0 second 0) / sum(second 0)
}
values
Anyway, I was wondering if there is a faster/better way. I've tried
putting the code from
the for loop into a function and passing it to combn but, as expected, it didn't
help much. Any pointers to functions that I should be looking into will be
greatly appreciated.
Thank you very much,
Gustavo.
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Re: [R] Finding (Ordered Subvectors)
This function might be helpful:
bleh - function(a, b) {
where - list()
matches - 0
first - which(a == b[1])
for (i in first) {
seq.to.match - seq(i, length = length(b))
if (identical(a[seq.to.match], b)) {
matches - matches + 1
where[[matches]] - seq.to.match
}
}
return(where)
}
a-c(3,4,3,0,4,5,6,9,3,4)
b-c(0,4,5)
c-c(5,4,0)
d-c(3,4)
bleh(a, b)
bleh(a, c)
bleh(a, d)
Cheers,
Gustavo.
On Tue, Sep 21, 2010 at 11:31 AM, Lorenzo Isella
lorenzo.ise...@gmail.com wrote:
Dear All,
Consider a simple example
a-c(1,4,3,0,4,5,6,9,3,4)
b-c(0,4,5)
c-c(5,4,0)
I would like to be able to tell whether a sequence is contained (the order
of the elements does matter) in another one e.g. in the example above, b is
a subsequence of a, whereas c is not. Since the order matters, I cannot
treat the sequences above as sets (also, elements are repeated).
Does anyone know a smart way of achieving that?
Many thanks
Lorenzo
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[R] problems trying to reproduce structural equation model using the sem package
Hello, I've been unsuccessfully trying to reproduce a sem from Grace et al. (2010) published in Ecological Monographs: http://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/09-0464.1 The model in question is presented in Figure 8, page 81. The errors that I've been getting are: 1. Using a correlation matrix: res.grace - sem(grace.model, S = grace, N = 190) Warning message: In sem.default(ram = ram, S = S, N = N, param.names = pars, var.names = vars, : Could not compute QR decomposition of Hessian. Optimization probably did not converge. 2. Using a variances/covariances matrix: res.grace - sem(grace.model, S = grace.cov, N = 190) Error in solve.default(C) : Lapack routine dgesv: system is exactly singular In addition: Warning messages: 1: In log(det(C)) : NaNs produced 2: In sem.default(ram = ram, S = S, N = N, param.names = pars, var.names = vars, : singular Hessian: model is probably underidentified. (...) So far I've tried: 1. Fixing the variances of the latent variables 2. Allowing the exogenous indicators to covary (fixed.x parameter in sem()) 3. Manually inserting the published parameter estimates during model specification (specify.model()) to see if the starting parameters passed to nlm were the problem 4. Extensively looking for typing mistakes Anyway, there seems to be a problem either with the way I specified the model or with the model itself as it has been published. I can see that the number of degrees of freedom in the model that I've specified is 21, as in the published model. Any light you could shed on this would be greatly appreciated. The code to reproduce all steps is presented below. Thank you very much, Gustavo. ## library(sem) grace - matrix(ncol = 10, nrow = 10) variables - c(lightlog, light, dstb, species_count, masslog, soil_carbon, soil_organic, soil_low_flooding, soil_high_flooding, soil_salinity) rownames(grace) - colnames(grace) - variables diag(grace) - 1 ## Coefficients from the paper. grace.coefficients - c(0.858, 0.667, -0.251, -0.699, 0.06, 0.012, 0.552, 0.547, 0.327, 0.776, -0.404, -0.794, 0.157, 0.120, 0.439, 0.462, 0.321, -0.228, -0.686, 0.218, 0.186, 0.249, 0.290, 0.216, 0.291, 0.119, 0.132, -0.374, -0.406, -0.292, -0.096, -0.071, -0.426, -0.466, -0.138, 0.973, -0.170, -0.150, 0.249, -0.211, -0.188, 0.244, 0.959, 0.073, 0.052) grace.sds - c(1.11, 0.285, 3.29, 3.33, 1.44, 0.605, 1.23, 1.33, 1.27, 1.68) grace[lower.tri(grace, diag = F)] - grace.coefficients grace[upper.tri(grace, diag = F)] - t(grace)[upper.tri(grace, diag = F)] ## Covariances matrix grace.cov - outer(grace.sds, grace.sds) * grace ## Specifying the model grace.model - specify.model() salinity - soil_salinity, NA, 1 flooding - soil_high_flooding, NA, 1 flooding - soil_low_flooding, flooding_low_flooding, NA infertility - soil_organic, NA, -1 infertility - soil_carbon, inf_carbon, NA disturbance - dstb, NA, 1 biomass - masslog, NA, 1 light - light_effect, NA, 1 lightlog - light_effect, lightlog_light_effect, NA richness - species_count, NA, 1 salinity - richness, salinity_richness, NA salinity - light, salinity_light, NA flooding - richness, flooding_richness, NA flooding - biomass, flooding_biomass, NA infertility - richness, infertility_richness, NA disturbance - biomass, disturbance_biomass, NA disturbance - light, disturbance_light, NA biomass - light, biomass_light, NA light_effect - richness, light_effect_richness, NA salinity - flooding, salinity_flooding, NA salinity - infertility, salinity_infertility, NA salinity - disturbance, salinity_disturbance, NA flooding - infertility, flooding_infertility, NA flooding - disturbance, flooding_disturbance, NA infertility - disturbance, infertility_disturbance, NA biomass - biomass, biomass, NA masslog - masslog, masslog, NA light - lightlog, light_lightlog, NA light_effect - light_effect, NA, 0 richness - richness, richness, NA species_count - species_count, species_count, NA light - light, light, NA lightlog - lightlog, NA, 1 salinity - salinity, salinity, NA disturbance - disturbance, disturbance, NA flooding - flooding, flooding, NA infertility - infertility, infertiliy, NA soil_salinity - soil_salinity, soil_salinity, NA soil_high_flooding - soil_high_flooding, soil_high, NA soil_low_flooding - soil_low_flooding, soil_low, NA soil_organic - soil_organic, soil_organic, NA soil_carbon - soil_carbon, soil_carbon, NA dstb - dstb, dstb, NA res.grace - sem(grace.model, S = grace.cov, N = 190) __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] remove columns containing all zeros (or other value)
You can also try this: x[,-(which(colSums(x) == 0))] Cheers, Gustavo. On Wed, Jan 14, 2009 at 8:01 PM, Anthony Dick ad...@uchicago.edu wrote: Hello- I would like to remove the columns of a matrix that contain all zeros. For example, from x-matrix(c(1,5,3,2,1,4,0,0,0), ncol=3,nrow=3) I would like to remove the third column. However, because this is in a loop I need a way to first determine which columns are all zeros, and only then remove them. I.e., I don't know which column of x contains all zeros until after x is created. Thanks! Anthony -- Anthony Steven Dick, Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Fellow Human Neuroscience Laboratory Department of Neurology The University of Chicago 5841 S. Maryland Ave. MC-2030 Chicago, IL 60637 Phone: (773)-834-7770 Email: ad...@uchicago.edu Web: http://home.uchicago.edu/~adick/ __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] remove columns containing all zeros (or other value)
Sorry for the double post, but this is probably faster: x[, colSums(x) != 0] On Wed, Jan 14, 2009 at 8:22 PM, Gustavo Carvalho gustavo.bi...@gmail.com wrote: You can also try this: x[,-(which(colSums(x) == 0))] Cheers, Gustavo. On Wed, Jan 14, 2009 at 8:01 PM, Anthony Dick ad...@uchicago.edu wrote: Hello- I would like to remove the columns of a matrix that contain all zeros. For example, from x-matrix(c(1,5,3,2,1,4,0,0,0), ncol=3,nrow=3) I would like to remove the third column. However, because this is in a loop I need a way to first determine which columns are all zeros, and only then remove them. I.e., I don't know which column of x contains all zeros until after x is created. Thanks! Anthony -- Anthony Steven Dick, Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Fellow Human Neuroscience Laboratory Department of Neurology The University of Chicago 5841 S. Maryland Ave. MC-2030 Chicago, IL 60637 Phone: (773)-834-7770 Email: ad...@uchicago.edu Web: http://home.uchicago.edu/~adick/ __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Logical function to turn missing values to 0's
Hello rafamoral,
Try this:
ifelse(is.na(x),0,x)
On Wed, Jan 14, 2009 at 8:32 PM, rafamoral rafa_moral2...@yahoo.com.br wrote:
I have a dataset which contains some missing values, and I need to replace
them with zeros. I tried using the following:
x - matrix(data=rep(c(1,2,3,NA),6), ncol=6, nrow=6)
y - matrix(data=0, ncol=ncol(x), nrow=nrow(x))
for(i in 1:nrow(x)) {
for(j in 1:ncol(x)) {
y[i,j] - ifelse(x[i,j]==NA, 0, x[i,j])
}}
But y returns an NA matrix.
I'd appreciate any help.
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Re: [R] Conditional Counting with Table
Hello, Something like this should work: table(test$V1[!test$V2 %in% c(NM,QC)]) Cheers, Gustavo. On Wed, Dec 24, 2008 at 3:06 AM, Gundala Viswanath gunda...@gmail.com wrote: Dear all, I have the following data frame: V1 V2 aaachr1 aaachr2 aaaNM aaaQC aaachr10 att NM att chr7 What I want to do is to count the string (V1). But the condition of counting is: if the V2 of the string is NM or QC then the count is not increased. Hence the contigency table will look like this: #tag count aaa 3 att1 Is there a compact way to achieve that in R? I am thinking of using table but can't see how to impose such condition into it. - Gundala Viswanath Jakarta - Indonesia __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Reading from Google Docs
Hello, You can probably extract a .tar.gz using 7zip on Windows. Regards, Gustavo. On Mon, Dec 15, 2008 at 8:07 PM, Farrel Buchinsky fjb...@gmail.com wrote: I saw a thread from September 24 in which Duncan Temple Lang told us: - The package currently has no Rd files, but there is a brief user's guide. The package is available from http://www.omegahat.org/RGoogleDocs I could not find it by using Tinn-R or RGui's package install tool. Then when I went to the website I saw that package is only available as http://www.omegahat.org/RGoogleDocs/RGoogleDocs_0.1-0.tar.gz To my knowledge tar.gz is only for Linux. Does this mean that I cannot run it on a windows machine. Please tell me that there is a way to run it on a Windows machine. Farrel Buchinsky GrandCentral Tel: (412) 567-7870 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Logical in test
Take a look at ?any.
On Thu, Dec 11, 2008 at 3:11 PM, David B. Thompson, Ph.D., P.E.,
D.WRE, CFM [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
OK, this should be trivial but I'm not finding it. I want to compress the
test,
if (i==7 | i==10 | i==30 | i==50) {}
into something like
if (i in c(7,10,30,50)) {}
so I can build a excludes vector
excludes - c(7,10,30,50)
and test
if (i in excludes) {}
However, I'm not finding a clue on how to accomplish this, if it can be
done. Would someone with more R experience lend a helping hand please? A
reference (so I can continue learning) would also be appreciated.
Thanks...
-=d
David Thompson, Ph.D., P.E., D.WRE, CFM
Civil Engineer/Hydrologist
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Re: [R] Logical inconsistency
Hello, An alternative to round(): isTRUE(all.equal((2.3-1.3),1)) Regards, Gustavo. On Wed, Dec 10, 2008 at 3:12 PM, Stephan Kolassa [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Emma, unfortunately, rounding variables before taking the difference will not solve your problem, because the *rounded* variables are subject to the same (effectively) random internal representation. Examples: round(8.3,20)-round(7.3,20)=1 [1] TRUE round(2.3,20)-round(1.3,20)=1 [1] FALSE round(8.3,1)-round(7.3,1)=1 [1] TRUE round(2.3,1)-round(1.3,1)=1 [1] FALSE I'm afraid you will need to think about what you really need your comparison for and whether this problem really affects your results. For example, if you are doing a large number of such comparisons, the effect may only affect a few of them and basically average out (sometimes going one way, sometimes the other), so the end results may be stable. Good luck! Stephan emma jane schrieb: Thanks Greg, that does make sense. And I've solved the problem by rounding the variables before taking the difference between them. Thanks to all who replied. Emma Jane From: Greg Snow [EMAIL PROTECTED] .com.br; Wacek Kusnierczyk [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Chuck Cleland [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: R help [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, 9 December, 2008 16:30:08 Subject: RE: [R] Logical inconsistency Some (possibly all) of those numbers cannot be represented exactly, so there is a chance of round off error whenever you do some arithmetic, sometimes the errors cancel out, sometimes they don't. Consider: print(8.3-7.3, digits=20) [1] 1.001 print(11.3-10.3, digits=20) [1] 1 So in the first case the rounding error gives a value that is slightly greater than 1, so the greater than test returns true (if you round the result before comparing to 1, then it will return false). In the second case the uncertainties cancelled out so that you get exactly 1 which is not greater than 1 an so the comparison returns false. Hope this helps, -- Gregory (Greg) L. Snow Ph.D. Statistical Data Center Intermountain Healthcare [EMAIL PROTECTED] 801.408.8111 -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] project.org] On Behalf Of emma jane Sent: Tuesday, December 09, 2008 7:02 AM To: Bernardo Rangel Tura; Wacek Kusnierczyk; Chuck Cleland Cc: R help Subject: Re: [R] Logical inconsistency Many thanks for your help, perhaps I should have set my query in context ! I'm simply calculating an indicator variable [0,1] based on the whether the difference between two measured variables is 1 or =1. I understand the FAQ about floating point arithmetic, but am still puzzled that it only apparently applies to certain elements, as follows: 8.8 - 7.8 1 TRUE 8.3 - 7.3 1 TRUE However, 10.2 - 9.2 1 FALSE 11.3 - 10.31  FALSE Emma Jane From: Bernardo Rangel Tura [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Wacek Kusnierczyk [EMAIL PROTECTED] Cc: R help [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Saturday, 6 December, 2008 10:00:48 Subject: Re: [R] Logical inconsistency On Fri, 2008-12-05 at 14:18 +0100, Wacek Kusnierczyk wrote: Berwin A Turlach wrote: Dear Emma, On Fri, 5 Dec 2008 04:23:53 -0800 (PST) Please could someone kindly explain the following inconsistencies I've discovered__when performing logical calculations in R: 8.8 - 7.8 1 TRUE 8.3 - 7.3 1 TRUE Gladly: FAQ 7.31 http://cran.at.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#Why-doesn_0027t-R- th ink-these-numbers-are-equal_003f well, this answer the question only partially. this explains why a system with finite precision arithmetic, such as r, will fail to be logically correct in certain cases. it does not explain why r, a language said to isolate a user from the underlying implementational choices, would have to fail this way. there is, in principle, no problem in having a high-level language perform the computation in a logically consistent way. for example, bc is an arbitrary precision calculator language, and has no problem with examples as the above: bc 8.8 - 7.8 1 # 0, meaning 'no' bc 8.3 - 7.3 1 # 0, meaning 'no' bc 8.8 - 7.8 == 1 # 1, meaning 'yes' the fact that r (and many others, including matlab and sage, perhaps not mathematica) does not perform logically here is a consequence of its implementation of floating point arithmetic. the faq you were pointed to, and its referring to the goldberg's article, show that r does not successfully isolate a user from details of the lower-level implementation. vQ Well, first of all for 8.-7.3 is not equal to 1 [for computers] 8.3-7.3-1 [1] 8.881784e-16 But if you use only one digit precision round(8.3-7.3,1)-1 [1] 0 round(8.3-7.3,1)-10 [1] FALSE round(8.3-7.3,1)==1 [1] TRUE So the problem is the code write and no the software -- Bernardo Rangel Tura, M.D,MPH,Ph.D
[R] extract the digits of a number
Hello, Anyone knows how can I do this in a cleaner way? mynumber = 1001 as.numeric(unlist(strsplit(as.character(mynumber),))) [1] 1 0 0 1 Thanks in advance, Gustavo __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] == operand
Hello, You assigned 53 to c, not cc. Also, take a look at this: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#Why-doesn_0027t-R-think-these-numbers-are-equal_003f On Tue, Dec 9, 2008 at 9:36 PM, Renny Li [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I am trying to compare two values using == operand, please take a look of the following example (I copied ALL what I did here without deleting any line) bb-1 cc-50 cc==abs(bb+52) [1] FALSE C-53 C-53 c-53 cc==abs(bb+52) [1] FALSE I am expecting to see a TRUE here. Then I tried another way, abs(1+52) [1] 53 cc==abs(1+52) [1] FALSE Why it is FALSE. Then I tried d-abs(b+52) Error: object b not found d-abs(bb+52) d [1] 53 c==d [1] TRUE Now it is TRUE, but a wired thing is as following, c==abs(bb+52) [1] TRUE The coding c==abs(bb+52) is just the same from the 3line in the top, why 2 different results? HOWEVER, it is not repeatable, I am glad I did not close the window. Also, c-0.5-0.1 n-0.6-0.2 n==c [1] FALSE So, is == comparing formula or result? Thanks, Renny [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Running R Script on a Sequence of Files
Thanks a lot! On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 5:54 PM, Gabor Grothendieck [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Try this: dir()[!file.info(dir())$isdir] On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 2:30 PM, Gustavo Carvalho [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Is there a way to list only the files in a given directory without passing pattern=... to list.files()? On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 5:10 PM, Kyle. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks, Barry. I'll use that in the future. ---Kyle. On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 11:01 AM, Barry Rowlingson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: 2008/12/5 Chris Poliquin [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Hi, I have about 900 files that I need to run the same R script on. I looked over the R Data Import/Export Manual and couldn't come up with a way to read in a sequence of files. The files all have unique names and are in the same directory. What I want to do is: 1) Create a list of the file names in the directory (this is really what I need help with) 2) For each item in the list... a) open the file with read.table b) perform some analysis c) append some results to an array or save them to another file 3) Next File My initial instinct is to use Python to rename all the files with numbers 1:900 and then read them all, but the file names contain some information that I would like to keep intact and having to keep a separate database of original names and numbers seems inefficient. Is there a way to have R read all the files in a directory one at a time? I can't believe the two 'solutions' already posted. It's easy: ?list.files Barry __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Running R Script on a Sequence of Files
Is there a way to list only the files in a given directory without passing pattern=... to list.files()? On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 5:10 PM, Kyle. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks, Barry. I'll use that in the future. ---Kyle. On Fri, Dec 5, 2008 at 11:01 AM, Barry Rowlingson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: 2008/12/5 Chris Poliquin [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Hi, I have about 900 files that I need to run the same R script on. I looked over the R Data Import/Export Manual and couldn't come up with a way to read in a sequence of files. The files all have unique names and are in the same directory. What I want to do is: 1) Create a list of the file names in the directory (this is really what I need help with) 2) For each item in the list... a) open the file with read.table b) perform some analysis c) append some results to an array or save them to another file 3) Next File My initial instinct is to use Python to rename all the files with numbers 1:900 and then read them all, but the file names contain some information that I would like to keep intact and having to keep a separate database of original names and numbers seems inefficient. Is there a way to have R read all the files in a directory one at a time? I can't believe the two 'solutions' already posted. It's easy: ?list.files Barry __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] if then statement problem
If I understood your problem correctly, you are just missing a couple of things:
q = which(apply(p.unique,2,function(x)all(x==r)) == TRUE)
Also, you should probably change this line:
if(q0){c=p.unique[,q]};{c=c(0,0,0)}
To something like this:
if(length(q)0){c=p.unique[,q]};{c=c(0,0,0)}
Regards,
Gustavo
On Thu, Nov 27, 2008 at 3:02 PM, Salas, Andria Kay [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I really need help with an if then statement I am having trouble with. A
brief explanation of what I am trying to do: I have a p matrix of all
permutations of a vector of length 3 filled with either 1s or -1s (these make
up the columns). The p.unique matrix is the unique columns of the p matrix;
here, they are identical but in my real script this will not always be the
case. I want to be able to take a randomly generated vector and see which
column in the p.unique matrix, if any, match the random vector. If there is
a match, I get an integer returned that tells me which column is the match.
If there is no match, I get the response integer (0). I want to write an if
then statement that allows me to do different things based upon if there is a
match to one of the columns in the p.unique matrix or not. Below is a sample
script plucked from bits of my master script that show this problem. The
vector r was made to not match any columns in p.unique. If it did, c w!
ou!
ld equal the integer representing the matching column, and since it does
not, I want c to equal the vector (0,0,0). My if then statement is not
working (I keep getting the error that my argument is of length zero), so I
would really appreciate any help anyone can provide me. Thanks for all of
your help previously and in advance for the help with this problem!! Happy
Thanksgiving!
p=as.matrix(do.call(expand.grid,rep(list(c(-1,1)),3)))
p=t(p)
p.unique=unique(p,MARGIN=2)
r=c(2,2,2)
q=which(apply(p.unique,2,function(x)all(x==r)))
if(q0){c=p.unique[,q]};{c=c(0,0,0)}
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Re: [R] R course in Scotland
Hello, Take a look at this course: http://www.r4all.group.shef.ac.uk/index.html I don't think they teach tools for working with the genome, but it might be helpful anyway. On Thu, Nov 20, 2008 at 11:16 AM, Peter Saffrey [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: (apologies if this is the wrong list) I'm a bioinformatician looking for a course in using R, in particular the tools for working with the genome - I've heard they're lightning fast. I'm in Glasgow, but I've tried the Robertson centre for biostatistics and they use minitab. If anybody knows of a course, I would be grateful. Glasgow or Edinburgh would be preferable, but anywhere in the UK will do if it's a good course. Thanks, Peter __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Checking collinearity using lmer
Take a look at vif in the package car. On Wed, Nov 19, 2008 at 10:00 PM, Crystal McRae [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am running a logistic regression model with a random effect using lmer. I am uncertain how to check for collinearity between my parameters. I have already run cor() and linear regression for each combination of parameters, and all Rsqr values were 0.8….but I am analyzing ecological data so a 0.8 cutoff may be unrealistic. -is there a way to check variance inflation factors or tolerance using lmer?-Or is there a better way? _ [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Problem with the Linux R 2.8.0 rpm for 64 bit REL 4
xdg utils is probably not being recognized because you compiled it from source. The R rpm is looking for the xdg utils package. I'm not familiar with yum, but I think you can try to force the installation: rpm -ivh --force (or something like that) /data/R-2.8.0-1.rh4.x86_64.rpm On Tue, Nov 18, 2008 at 2:21 PM, Peter Tait [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I am trying to update my version of R on Centos 4. $uname -a Linux 2.6.9-78.0.5.ELsmp #1 SMP Wed Oct 8 07:06:30 EDT 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux I tried to update the current version of R (2.6.2) which was installed locally as an rpm $R --version R version 2.6.2 (2008-02-08) Copyright (C) 2008 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing ISBN 3-900051-07-0 I used yum to try to do the update with the following error $su -c yum localupdate /data/R-2.8.0-1.rh4.x86_64.rpm Error: Missing Dependency: xdg-utils is needed by package R I have installed the xdg-utils manually from http://portland.freedesktop.org/download/xdg-utils-1.0.2.tgz $cd /data/xdg-utils-1.0.2 -- this is a directory $./configure --prefix=/usr $su -c make install $cd /usr/bin $ ls -al | grep xdg -- shows the xdg utilities -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14806 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-desktop-icon -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 39267 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-desktop-menu -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16177 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-email -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 24129 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-icon-resource -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 28015 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-mime -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10131 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-open -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19303 Nov 18 10:43 xdg-screensaver So the xdg-utils are installed but yum or the R rpm are not recognizing them? How do I solve this problem? Thanks Peter __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
