Re: [R] coarsening levels problem
Thanks very much Arun!
Murray
On 18/11/12 11:07 AM, arun wrote:
HI,
There were some "spaces" inside the quotes that created the problem.
reg <-
structure(c(6L, 6L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 5L, 2L, 1L, 6L, 3L, 1L,
1L, 7L, 1L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
6L, 2L, 7L), .Label = c(" auckland", " christchurch", " hb",
" manawatu", " taranaki", " waikato", " wellington"), class = "factor")
^^
I changed it to:
reg <-
structure(c(6L, 6L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 5L, 2L, 1L, 6L, 3L, 1L,
1L, 7L, 1L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
6L, 2L, 7L), .Label = c("auckland", "christchurch", "hb",
"manawatu", "taranaki", "waikato", "wellington"), class =
"factor")levels(reg)<-rg2
reg
# [1] other other akl other akl akl akl other other akl other other
#[13] akl akl other akl other akl akl akl akl akl other other
#[25] other akl akl akl akl other other other
#Levels: akl other
A.K.
- Original Message -
From: Murray Jorgensen
To: r-help
Cc:
Sent: Saturday, November 17, 2012 4:28 PM
Subject: [R] coarsening levels problem
Greetings from New Zealand.
I hope that my difficulties are clear from the following output. Ideas
gratefully received!
Murray Jorgensen
cc <- scan()
3000 3500 2500 2500 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 2000
2000 2000 2000 4800 3000 4500 3000 2000 2000 4400
3000 3000 2500 3000 3000 2000 3000 2000 2000 2000 3000 2000
cc <- as.factor(cc)
cc
[1] 3000 3500 2500 2500 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 2000
[11] 2000 2000 2000 4800 3000 4500 3000 2000 2000 4400
[21] 3000 3000 2500 3000 3000 2000 3000 2000 2000 2000
[31] 3000 2000
Levels: 2000 2500 3000 3500 4400 4500 4800
engroups <- list(L2 = 2000, L2.5 = 2500, L3 = 3000,
+large = c(3500,4400,4500,4800))
levels(cc) <- engroups
cc
[1] L3large L2.5 L2.5 L3L3L3L3L3
[10] L2L2L2L2large L3large L3L2
[19] L2large L3L3L2.5 L3L3L2L3
[28] L2L2L2L3L2
Levels: L2 L2.5 L3 large
reg <-
structure(c(6L, 6L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 5L, 2L, 1L, 6L, 3L, 1L,
1L, 7L, 1L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
6L, 2L, 7L), .Label = c(" auckland", " christchurch", " hb",
" manawatu", " taranaki", " waikato", " wellington"), class = "factor")
reg
[1] waikato waikato auckland
[4] wellingtonauckland auckland
[7] auckland taranaki christchurch
[10] auckland waikato hb
[13] auckland auckland wellington
[16] auckland manawatu auckland
[19] auckland auckland auckland
[22] auckland wellingtonwaikato
[25] waikato auckland auckland
[28] auckland auckland waikato
[31] christchurch wellington
7 Levels: auckland christchurch hb ... wellington
rg2 <- list(akl = c("auckland"), other = c("christchurch",
+"hb", "manawatu", "taranaki", "waikato", "wellington"))
levels(reg) <- rg2
reg
[1]
[11]
[21]
[31]
Levels: akl other
-- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nz majm...@gmail.com Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] coarsening levels problem
Greetings from New Zealand.
I hope that my difficulties are clear from the following output. Ideas
gratefully received!
Murray Jorgensen
cc <- scan()
3000 3500 2500 2500 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 2000
2000 2000 2000 4800 3000 4500 3000 2000 2000 4400
3000 3000 2500 3000 3000 2000 3000 2000 2000 2000 3000 2000
cc <- as.factor(cc)
cc
[1] 3000 3500 2500 2500 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 2000
[11] 2000 2000 2000 4800 3000 4500 3000 2000 2000 4400
[21] 3000 3000 2500 3000 3000 2000 3000 2000 2000 2000
[31] 3000 2000
Levels: 2000 2500 3000 3500 4400 4500 4800
engroups <- list(L2 = 2000, L2.5 = 2500, L3 = 3000,
+large = c(3500,4400,4500,4800))
levels(cc) <- engroups
cc
[1] L3large L2.5 L2.5 L3L3L3L3L3
[10] L2L2L2L2large L3large L3L2
[19] L2large L3L3L2.5 L3L3L2L3
[28] L2L2L2L3L2
Levels: L2 L2.5 L3 large
reg <-
structure(c(6L, 6L, 1L, 7L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 5L, 2L, 1L, 6L, 3L, 1L,
1L, 7L, 1L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
6L, 2L, 7L), .Label = c(" auckland", " christchurch", " hb",
" manawatu", " taranaki", " waikato", " wellington"), class = "factor")
reg
[1] waikato waikato auckland
[4] wellingtonauckland auckland
[7] auckland taranaki christchurch
[10] auckland waikato hb
[13] auckland auckland wellington
[16] auckland manawatu auckland
[19] auckland auckland auckland
[22] auckland wellingtonwaikato
[25] waikato auckland auckland
[28] auckland auckland waikato
[31] christchurch wellington
7 Levels: auckland christchurch hb ... wellington
rg2 <- list(akl = c("auckland"), other = c("christchurch",
+"hb", "manawatu", "taranaki", "waikato", "wellington"))
levels(reg) <- rg2
reg
[1]
[11]
[21]
[31]
Levels: akl other
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Converting Fortran or C++ etc to R
I will wind this thread up with some happy comments. I have indeed succeeded in constructing an R program to do the same thing as my Fortran program for an EM algorithm. I have not done timings yet but it seems to run acceptably fast for my purposes. The key code to be replaced was the E and the M steps of the algorithm. I decided to try to replace all the loops with matrix operations such as %*%, t(), crossprod(), tcrossprod(). Other operations that I used were of the form A + v where dim(A) = c(a, b) and length(v) = a. Here the vector v operates term by term down columns, recycling for each new column. [ *, - and / also work similarly.] I was relived that matrices were as far as I needed to go, and I had visions of having to use tensor products of higher dimensioned arrays. Fortunately it did not come to that. I didn't actually translate from F to R. The original is itself a translation of my underlying maths, and it was easier to translate the maths into R directly. I preserved the form of my Fortran input and output files so that I will be able to run either version on the same files. As I mentioned earlier the main point of doing all this is so that I may try out some variants of the program. I expect this will be much easier to do in R! Thanks to all who replied. Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Converting Fortran or C++ etc to R
Thanks Barry and thanks to others who applied off-list. I can see that I should have given more details about my motives for wanting to replace a Fortran program by an R one. At this stage I want to get something working in pure R because it is easier to fool around with and tweak with than Fortran and I have a few things that I want to try out that will involve perturbing the original code and I think I'd rather be doing them in R than in a 3GL. Now that I have publicly asked the question I find that the answer to it occurs to me: The program that I want to port to R is an ML estimation by the EM algorithm. The iterative steps are fairly simple except they need to be repeated a large number of times. What I have noticed is that I can replace (maybe) the within-step loops by matrix multiplications. This means that I will, by using %*%, be effectively handing a lot of the work to external Fortran (or similar) routines without calling .Fortran(). OK, I know that you can see though me and I accept that I am just rationalising my reluctance to get into package-writing. I will bite the bullet on that in due course but for the meantime I'm just going to fool around with straight R. Barry came closest to answering my real question and I will formulate a follow-up question as follows: Does anyone know of a helpful set of examples of the vectorization of code? Cheers, Murray On 6/01/2011 12:32 a.m., Barry Rowlingson wrote: On Wed, Jan 5, 2011 at 7:33 AM, lcn wrote: As for your actual requirement to do the "convertion", I guess there'd not exist any quick ways. You have to be both familiar with R and the other language to make the rewrite work. To make the rewrite work _well_ is the bigger problem! The easiest way to big performance wins is going to be spotting vectorisation possibilities in the Fortran code. Any time you see a DO K=1,N loop then look to see if its just a single vector operation in R. Another way to big wins is to write test code, so you can check if your R code gives the same results as the Fortran (C/C++) code at every stage of the rewrite. Don't just write it all in one go and then hope it works! Small steps Barry -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Converting Fortran or C++ etc to R
I'm going to try my hand at converting some Fortran programs to R. Does anyone know of any good articles giving hints at such tasks? I will post a selective summary of my gleanings. Cheers, Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweaving quotes
I tried
\usepackage[cp1252]{inputenc}
and it works well, giving cursive directional quotes in the final
document. Thank you Brian.
I didn't find package ae on the Auckland CRAN mirror so I wonder if it
is a LaTeX package. In any case I am happy now!
Cheers, Murray
Prof Brian Ripley wrote:
The alternative is to tell LaTeX what encoding the file is in. For
those using UTF-8 locales this means adding the line
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
Now Murray mentions 'Vista', and so is presumably using cp1252 (the
Western-European-language Windows default). That is spported by
inputenc, so try
\usepackage[cp1252]{inputenc}
In either case, the LaTeX font used may or may not have directional
quotes -- since this is an issue for the R manuals, see our
documentation for ways around this (such as package ae).
On Wed, 28 Jul 2010, Marc Schwartz wrote:
On Jul 28, 2010, at 7:43 PM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
The significance code line to summary() applied to an lm() fitted
model object is
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
The corresponding line in the LaTeX source produced by Sweave is
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
which looks the same in my email (Thunderbird on a Vista machine),
but when I look at the file in WinEdt the quotes appear rounded and
cursive.
On LaTeXing and dvipsing the opening and closing quotes turn into
S-acute and S-circumflex respectively.
Does anyone know how avoid this effect?
Cheers, Murray
Murray,
Try this:
summary(lm.D9)
...
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
...
# Set to not use fancy quotes, but "TeX" style
# See ?options and ?sQuote
options(useFancyQuotes = "TeX")
summary(lm.D9)
...
Signif. codes: 0 `***' 0.001 `**' 0.01 `*' 0.05 `.' 0.1 ` ' 1
...
HTH,
Marc Schwartz
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweaving quotes
I am happy enough with
options(useFancyQuotes = FALSE)
(or = "TeX") but I will test Brian's suggestion tomorrow and report back.
Murray
Prof Brian Ripley wrote:
The alternative is to tell LaTeX what encoding the file is in. For
those using UTF-8 locales this means adding the line
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
Now Murray mentions 'Vista', and so is presumably using cp1252 (the
Western-European-language Windows default). That is spported by
inputenc, so try
\usepackage[cp1252]{inputenc}
In either case, the LaTeX font used may or may not have directional
quotes -- since this is an issue for the R manuals, see our
documentation for ways around this (such as package ae).
On Wed, 28 Jul 2010, Marc Schwartz wrote:
On Jul 28, 2010, at 7:43 PM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
The significance code line to summary() applied to an lm() fitted
model object is
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
The corresponding line in the LaTeX source produced by Sweave is
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
which looks the same in my email (Thunderbird on a Vista machine),
but when I look at the file in WinEdt the quotes appear rounded and
cursive.
On LaTeXing and dvipsing the opening and closing quotes turn into
S-acute and S-circumflex respectively.
Does anyone know how avoid this effect?
Cheers, Murray
Murray,
Try this:
summary(lm.D9)
...
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
...
# Set to not use fancy quotes, but "TeX" style
# See ?options and ?sQuote
options(useFancyQuotes = "TeX")
summary(lm.D9)
...
Signif. codes: 0 `***' 0.001 `**' 0.01 `*' 0.05 `.' 0.1 ` ' 1
...
HTH,
Marc Schwartz
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweaving quotes
Thanks, Marc, and also Jay Kearns. After experimentation I think useFancyQuotes = FALSE my be best as TeX style can look a bit funny for R output. Cheers, Murray Marc Schwartz wrote: On Jul 28, 2010, at 7:43 PM, Murray Jorgensen wrote: The significance code line to summary() applied to an lm() fitted model object is Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 The corresponding line in the LaTeX source produced by Sweave is Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 which looks the same in my email (Thunderbird on a Vista machine), but when I look at the file in WinEdt the quotes appear rounded and cursive. On LaTeXing and dvipsing the opening and closing quotes turn into S-acute and S-circumflex respectively. Does anyone know how avoid this effect? Cheers, Murray Murray, Try this: summary(lm.D9) ... Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 ... # Set to not use fancy quotes, but "TeX" style # See ?options and ?sQuote options(useFancyQuotes = "TeX") summary(lm.D9) ... Signif. codes: 0 `***' 0.001 `**' 0.01 `*' 0.05 `.' 0.1 ` ' 1 ... HTH, Marc Schwartz -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Sweaving quotes
The significance code line to summary() applied to an lm() fitted model object is Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 The corresponding line in the LaTeX source produced by Sweave is Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1 which looks the same in my email (Thunderbird on a Vista machine), but when I look at the file in WinEdt the quotes appear rounded and cursive. On LaTeXing and dvipsing the opening and closing quotes turn into S-acute and S-circumflex respectively. Does anyone know how avoid this effect? Cheers, Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweave and scan()
Hi Duncan,
I at first thought that your suggestion was how the .tex file should be
and that this would involve tediously editing the latex source each time
I updated the .Rnw. But as you probably intended I find that I can slip
the Schunks and Sinputs into the .Rnw and all still works.
Thank for that. BTW my previous "Thanks for all your help" was meant to
be "Thanks to all for your help".
Cheers, Murray
Duncan Murdoch wrote:
On 28/07/2010 6:33 PM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
Omigod! The archival links shows that this was the same problem that
caused me to give up on Sweave about 6 years ago. I guess I never
properly assimilated Brian Ripley's comments at the time.
I finished up doing this:
\begin{verbatim}
> height = scan()
1: 64 62 66 65
5: 62 69 72 72 70
10:
Read 9 items
> part = scan(what = character(0))
1: "Soprano" "Soprano" "Soprano"
4: "Alto""Alto""Tenor"
7: "Tenor" "Bass""Bass"
10:
Read 9 items
\end{verbatim}
<>=
height <- c(64, 62, 66, 65, 62, 69, 72, 72, 70)
part = c("Soprano","Soprano", "Soprano",
"Alto","Alto","Tenor",
"Tenor", "Bass","Bass")
@
which does give the output I want (though in a different style) and
leaves the R session in the state that I want.
If you the look to be the same as with other chunks, you should use the
Sinput, Soutput and possibly Schunk environments. (Schunk normally does
nothing, but you might have customized it.) That is, write your stuff as
\begin{Schunk}
\begin{Sinput}
> height = scan()
1: 64 62 66 65
5: 62 69 72 72 70
10:
\end{Sinput}
\begin{Soutput}
Read 9 items
\end{Soutput}
\begin{Sinput}
> part = scan(what = character(0))
1: "Soprano" "Soprano" "Soprano"
4: "Alto""Alto""Tenor"
7: "Tenor" "Bass""Bass"
10:
\end{Sinput}
\begin{Soutput}
Read 9 items
\end{Soutput}
\end{Schunk}
(I suppose it's debatable whether lines to scan() should be typeset as
input or output.)
Duncan Murdoch
Thanks for all your help.
Murray
David Winsemius wrote:
On Jul 27, 2010, at 7:01 AM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
Both suggestions generate similar errors to those of the original
code. I would also be worried if the results would not puzzle my
students.
You are teaching them about R or about Sweave? You are setting up
code that is designed to run at an open console session, but
submitting it to a batch process.
http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/R/Rhelp02/archive/31347.html
After reading that I am wondering if you could set up a
textConnection first and then scan from that?
> con <- textConnection("64 62 66 65 62\n69 72 72 70")
> scan(file=con)
Read 9 items
[1] 64 62 66 65 62 69 72 72 70
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweave and scan()
Omigod! The archival links shows that this was the same problem that
caused me to give up on Sweave about 6 years ago. I guess I never
properly assimilated Brian Ripley's comments at the time.
I finished up doing this:
\begin{verbatim}
> height = scan()
1: 64 62 66 65
5: 62 69 72 72 70
10:
Read 9 items
> part = scan(what = character(0))
1: "Soprano" "Soprano" "Soprano"
4: "Alto""Alto""Tenor"
7: "Tenor" "Bass""Bass"
10:
Read 9 items
\end{verbatim}
<>=
height <- c(64, 62, 66, 65, 62, 69, 72, 72, 70)
part = c("Soprano","Soprano", "Soprano",
"Alto","Alto","Tenor",
"Tenor", "Bass","Bass")
@
which does give the output I want (though in a different style) and
leaves the R session in the state that I want.
Thanks for all your help.
Murray
David Winsemius wrote:
On Jul 27, 2010, at 7:01 AM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
Both suggestions generate similar errors to those of the original
code. I would also be worried if the results would not puzzle my
students.
You are teaching them about R or about Sweave? You are setting up code
that is designed to run at an open console session, but submitting it to
a batch process.
http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/R/Rhelp02/archive/31347.html
After reading that I am wondering if you could set up a textConnection
first and then scan from that?
> con <- textConnection("64 62 66 65 62\n69 72 72 70")
> scan(file=con)
Read 9 items
[1] 64 62 66 65 62 69 72 72 70
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Sweave and scan()
Both suggestions generate similar errors to those of the original code.
I would also be worried if the results would not puzzle my students.
But thanks! Murray
David Winsemius wrote:
On Jul 26, 2010, at 11:54 PM, Murray Jorgensen wrote:
I am introducing the scan() function to my class. Consider the
following file (Scanexamp.Rnw )
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\begin{document}
<<>>=
height = scan()
64 62 66 65 62
69 72 72 70
Have you considered adding an empty line or an ";" after the closing
paren of scan? (At the console the semi-colon gambit has the desired
effect while the empty line strategy fails.)
part = scan(what = character(0))
"Soprano" "Soprano" "Soprano"
"Alto""Alto""Tenor"
"Tenor" "Bass""Bass"
sh = data.frame(height, part)
sh
@
\end{document}
Now what happens when I attempt to Sweave this is
> Sweave("scanexamp.Rnw")
Writing to file scanexamp.tex
Processing code chunks ...
1 : echo term verbatim
Error: chunk 1
Error in parse(text = chunk) : unexpected numeric constant in:
"height = scan()
64 62"
>
Comments would be appreciated. (And thanks to Ross Darnell for a lot
of help on another list.)
Cheers, Murray Jorgensen
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
David Winsemius, MD
Heritage Laboratories
West Hartford, CT
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Sweave and scan()
I am introducing the scan() function to my class. Consider the following
file (Scanexamp.Rnw )
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\begin{document}
<<>>=
height = scan()
64 62 66 65 62
69 72 72 70
part = scan(what = character(0))
"Soprano" "Soprano" "Soprano"
"Alto""Alto""Tenor"
"Tenor" "Bass""Bass"
sh = data.frame(height, part)
sh
@
\end{document}
Now what happens when I attempt to Sweave this is
> Sweave("scanexamp.Rnw")
Writing to file scanexamp.tex
Processing code chunks ...
1 : echo term verbatim
Error: chunk 1
Error in parse(text = chunk) : unexpected numeric constant in:
"height = scan()
64 62"
>
Comments would be appreciated. (And thanks to Ross Darnell for a lot of
help on another list.)
Cheers, Murray Jorgensen
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Html help
Thanks very much, Duncan. I understand this better now. It takes a bit of getting used to but the prospect of some day getting graphic elements to help should make it worthwhile. (And I guess it saves on disk space by only generating the help pages as needed.) Cheers, Murray On 15/06/2010 4:13 a.m., Duncan Murdoch wrote: Murray Jorgensen wrote: I have just installed R 2.11.1 on my XP laptop. I like html help [...] How do I go about getting a local set of html help files? Since 2.10.0, HTML help is generated on demand. It doesn't go off your local computer, it works locally. This saves a bit of space (the HTML is generated from the same source as the text is generated from), but the main point is that it allows help pages to contain dynamic content. For example, Romain Francois posted some demo code a while ago to allow the display of graphics generated by R within help pages. (Unfortunately it depended on a particular browser feature not supported by Internet Explorer, so I'm going to need to put together something less elegant, but that's life.) Duncan Murdoch -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Html help
I have just installed R 2.11.1 on my XP laptop. I like html help for browsing but text help for on-the-fly look-ups. I was a bit surprised when I was asked to choose between them during the installation. I chose text, thinking I could fix the html help later, which is what I am trying to do now. Now when I ask for html help my browser goes to 'http://-ip-number-/doc/html/index.html' instead of where I want on my computer: C:\apps\R\R-2.11.1\doc\html\index.html Now I can go where I want manually but then the package list on C:\apps\R\R-2.11.1\doc\html\packages.html does not include all the packages that I have installed and linked. I don't want to read my html help from the web because sometimes I am off-line or on a slow connection. How do I go about getting a local set of html help files? Cheers, Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nz majorgen...@ihug.co.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] R or C++ on FreeNX servers
Hi all, I have just found out that the machine learning group in our Faculty has a lot of spare capacity on their FreeNX servers. I do not know a lot about these beasts but I understand that they are a free version of something produced by a firm called "NoMachine". They are designed for executing parallel algorithms and I thought that they might be of use in a project of mine comparing different model-fitting algorithms from the point of view of sensitivity to starting values. Anyway before revealing my near-total ignorance to my computer science colleagues I thought I would ask if any of my fellow R users have any experience with these things and possibly advice to offer. The CS people are probably using the servers in conjunction with Java or C++ and I could possibly use the latter of these. I wondered, though, if R could be used directly with such hardware and if so, how the parallelizing would be handled. Regards, Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] R or C++ on FreeNX servers
Hi all, I have just found out that the machine learning group in our Faculty has a lot of spare capacity on their FreeNX servers. I do not know a lot about these beasts but I understand that they are a free version of something produced by a firm called "NoMachine". They are designed for executing parallel algorithms and I thought that they might be of use in a project of mine comparing different model-fitting algorithms from the point of view of sensitivity to starting values. Anyway before revealing my near-total ignorance to my computer science colleagues I thought I would ask if any of my fellow R users have any experience with these things and possibly advice to offer. The CS people are probably using the servers in conjunction with Java or C++ and I could possibly use the latter of these. I wondered, though, if R could be used directly with such hardware and if so, how the parallelizing would be handled. Regards, Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Help with package reshape
I have got part of the way to what I want by playing with a small example:
> example2
ano census total.pop class
1 222 96 113111
2 222 1 124512
3 239 96 392111
4 239 1 450312
5 260 1 421811
6 269 1 118512
7 275 1 355511
8 308 96 94812
9 349 96 251111
10 349 1 280812
> mexa2 = melt(example2, id = c("ano","census"))
> mexa2
ano census variable value
1 222 96 total.pop 1131
2 222 1 total.pop 1245
3 239 96 total.pop 3921
4 239 1 total.pop 4503
5 260 1 total.pop 4218
6 269 1 total.pop 1185
7 275 1 total.pop 3555
8 308 96 total.pop 948
9 349 96 total.pop 2511
10 349 1 total.pop 2808
11 222 96 class11
12 222 1 class12
13 239 96 class11
14 239 1 class12
15 260 1 class11
16 269 1 class12
17 275 1 class11
18 308 96 class12
19 349 96 class11
20 349 1 class12
> cast(mexa2, ... ~ census)
ano variable1 96
1 222 total.pop 1245 1131
2 222 class 12 11
3 239 total.pop 4503 3921
4 239 class 12 11
5 260 total.pop 4218 NA
6 260 class 11 NA
7 269 total.pop 1185 NA
8 269 class 12 NA
9 275 total.pop 3555 NA
10 275 class 11 NA
11 308 total.pop NA 948
12 308 class NA 12
13 349 total.pop 2808 2511
14 349 class 12 11
>
This is nearly what I want but I really want something like this:
ano total.pop1 total.pop96 class1 class96
22212451131 12 11
23945033921 12 11
2604218 NA 11 NA
2691185 NA 12 NA
2753555 NA 11 NA
308 NA 948 NA 12
34928082511 12 11
Suggestions gratefully received!
Regards, Murray Jorgensen
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Help with package reshape
I have got part of the way to what I want by playing with a small example:
example2
ano census total.pop class
1 222 96 113111
2 222 1 124512
3 239 96 392111
4 239 1 450312
5 260 1 421811
6 269 1 118512
7 275 1 355511
8 308 96 94812
9 349 96 251111
10 349 1 280812
mexa2 = melt(example2, id = c("ano","census"))
mexa2
ano census variable value
1 222 96 total.pop 1131
2 222 1 total.pop 1245
3 239 96 total.pop 3921
4 239 1 total.pop 4503
5 260 1 total.pop 4218
6 269 1 total.pop 1185
7 275 1 total.pop 3555
8 308 96 total.pop 948
9 349 96 total.pop 2511
10 349 1 total.pop 2808
11 222 96 class11
12 222 1 class12
13 239 96 class11
14 239 1 class12
15 260 1 class11
16 269 1 class12
17 275 1 class11
18 308 96 class12
19 349 96 class11
20 349 1 class12
cast(mexa2, ... ~ census)
ano variable1 96
1 222 total.pop 1245 1131
2 222 class 12 11
3 239 total.pop 4503 3921
4 239 class 12 11
5 260 total.pop 4218 NA
6 260 class 11 NA
7 269 total.pop 1185 NA
8 269 class 12 NA
9 275 total.pop 3555 NA
10 275 class 11 NA
11 308 total.pop NA 948
12 308 class NA 12
13 349 total.pop 2808 2511
14 349 class 12 11
This is nearly what I want but I really want something like this:
ano total.pop1 total.pop96 class1 class96
22212451131 12 11
23945033921 12 11
2604218 NA 11 NA
2691185 NA 12 NA
2753555 NA 11 NA
308 NA 948 NA 12
34928082511 12 11
Suggestions gratefully received!
Regards, Murray Jorgensen
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzmajorgen...@ihug.co.nz Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] two-factor linear models with missing cells
Hi Peter,
there is no problem if the missing cell is not in the first row or
column: the corresponding interaction parameter is omitted. In my case
the data in the (1,4) cell is missing. What results is clear to me now:
the (3,4) interaction parameter is dropped so that "(Intercept) + Biv"
now refers to the mean of the (3,4) cell rather than the that of the
(1,4) cell making the (3,4) cell a sort of 'honorary' member of the
first row. This could have been done to the (2,4) cell but I guess the
rule is to drop the cell with the highest sum of row and column number.
Murray Jorgensen
Peter Dalgaard wrote:
Murray Jorgensen wrote:
I am wondering how to interpret the parameter estimates that lm()
reports in this sort of situation:
y = round(rnorm(n=24,mean=5,sd=2),2)
A = gl(3,2,24,labels=c("one","two","three"))
B = gl(4,6,24,labels=c("i","ii","iii","iv"))
# Make both observations for A=1, B=4 missing
y[19] = NA
y[20] = NA
data.frame(y,A,B)
nonadd = lm(y ~ A * B)
summary(nonadd)
Call:
lm(formula = y ~ A * B)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-3.555e+00 -7.675e-01 -6.939e-17 7.675e-01 3.555e+00
Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.755 1.667 2.252 0.0457 *
Atwo 1.655 2.358 0.702 0.4974
Athree 3.330 2.358 1.412 0.1856
Bii 1.435 2.358 0.609 0.5552
Biii 2.055 2.358 0.871 0.4021
Biv -1.635 2.358 -0.693 0.5025
Atwo:Bii -1.145 3.335 -0.343 0.7378
Athree:Bii -4.535 3.335 -1.360 0.2011
Atwo:Biii -3.230 3.335 -0.969 0.3536
Athree:Biii -2.105 3.335 -0.631 0.5408
Atwo:Biv 1.655 3.335 0.496 0.6295
Athree:Biv NA NA NA NA
---
Signif. codes: 0 *** 0.001 ** 0.01 * 0.05 . 0.1 1
Residual standard error: 2.358 on 11 degrees of freedom
(2 observations deleted due to missingness)
Multiple R-squared: 0.2797, Adjusted R-squared: -0.3752
F-statistic: 0.4271 on 10 and 11 DF, p-value: 0.9044
fitted(nonadd)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21
3.755 3.755 5.410 5.410 7.085 7.085 5.190 5.190 5.700 5.700 3.985 3.985
5.810 5.810 4.235 4.235 7.035 7.035 5.430
22 23 24
5.430 5.450 5.450
t(model.matrix(nonadd)%*%coef(nonadd))
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24
[1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
I guess that the parameter estimates reported are linear combinations of
the cell means, but which linear combinations and how does lm() decide
what parameters to report?
Cheers, Murray
What's the problem? The parameters are defined as usual for the
two-way layout:
The intercept is the fitted value in the top left corner
The A coefficients are the fitted values in the first column minus the
intercept.
The B coefficients vice versa.
The interaction coefficients are the fitted values minus the sum of
the the intercept and the corresponding A and B coefficients.
One interaction coefficient is set missing because you have no data,
but except for that, the fitted values equal the cell means.
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] two-factor linear models with missing cells
I am wondering how to interpret the parameter estimates that lm()
reports in this sort of situation:
y = round(rnorm(n=24,mean=5,sd=2),2)
A = gl(3,2,24,labels=c("one","two","three"))
B = gl(4,6,24,labels=c("i","ii","iii","iv"))
# Make both observations for A=1, B=4 missing
y[19] = NA
y[20] = NA
data.frame(y,A,B)
nonadd = lm(y ~ A * B)
summary(nonadd)
Call:
lm(formula = y ~ A * B)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-3.555e+00 -7.675e-01 -6.939e-17 7.675e-01 3.555e+00
Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.755 1.667 2.252 0.0457 *
Atwo 1.655 2.358 0.702 0.4974
Athree 3.330 2.358 1.412 0.1856
Bii 1.435 2.358 0.609 0.5552
Biii 2.055 2.358 0.871 0.4021
Biv -1.635 2.358 -0.693 0.5025
Atwo:Bii -1.145 3.335 -0.343 0.7378
Athree:Bii -4.535 3.335 -1.360 0.2011
Atwo:Biii -3.230 3.335 -0.969 0.3536
Athree:Biii -2.105 3.335 -0.631 0.5408
Atwo:Biv 1.655 3.335 0.496 0.6295
Athree:Biv NA NA NA NA
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 2.358 on 11 degrees of freedom
(2 observations deleted due to missingness)
Multiple R-squared: 0.2797, Adjusted R-squared: -0.3752
F-statistic: 0.4271 on 10 and 11 DF, p-value: 0.9044
fitted(nonadd)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21
3.755 3.755 5.410 5.410 7.085 7.085 5.190 5.190 5.700 5.700 3.985 3.985
5.810 5.810 4.235 4.235 7.035 7.035 5.430
22 23 24
5.430 5.450 5.450
t(model.matrix(nonadd)%*%coef(nonadd))
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24
[1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
I guess that the parameter estimates reported are linear combinations of
the cell means, but which linear combinations and how does lm() decide
what parameters to report?
Cheers, Murray
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] two-factor linear models with missing cells
I am wondering how to interpret the parameter estimates that lm()
reports in this sort of situation:
y = round(rnorm(n=24,mean=5,sd=2),2)
A = gl(3,2,24,labels=c("one","two","three"))
B = gl(4,6,24,labels=c("i","ii","iii","iv"))
# Make both observations for A=1, B=4 missing
y[19] = NA
y[20] = NA
data.frame(y,A,B)
nonadd = lm(y ~ A * B)
summary(nonadd)
Call:
lm(formula = y ~ A * B)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-3.555e+00 -7.675e-01 -6.939e-17 7.675e-01 3.555e+00
Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.755 1.667 2.252 0.0457 *
Atwo 1.655 2.358 0.702 0.4974
Athree 3.330 2.358 1.412 0.1856
Bii 1.435 2.358 0.609 0.5552
Biii 2.055 2.358 0.871 0.4021
Biv -1.635 2.358 -0.693 0.5025
Atwo:Bii -1.145 3.335 -0.343 0.7378
Athree:Bii -4.535 3.335 -1.360 0.2011
Atwo:Biii -3.230 3.335 -0.969 0.3536
Athree:Biii -2.105 3.335 -0.631 0.5408
Atwo:Biv 1.655 3.335 0.496 0.6295
Athree:Biv NA NA NA NA
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 2.358 on 11 degrees of freedom
(2 observations deleted due to missingness)
Multiple R-squared: 0.2797, Adjusted R-squared: -0.3752
F-statistic: 0.4271 on 10 and 11 DF, p-value: 0.9044
fitted(nonadd)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21
3.755 3.755 5.410 5.410 7.085 7.085 5.190 5.190 5.700 5.700 3.985 3.985
5.810 5.810 4.235 4.235 7.035 7.035 5.430
22 23 24
5.430 5.450 5.450
t(model.matrix(nonadd)%*%coef(nonadd))
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24
[1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
I guess that the parameter estimates reported are linear combinations of
the cell means, but which linear combinations and how does lm() decide
what parameters to report?
Cheers, Murray
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Tick label orientation
I had hoped that
plot(c(0,24),c(0,-6),xlab="Time",ylab="Day",
type="n", main="This Week",axes=FALSE)
axis(2,at=0:(-6), labels =
c("Sun","Mon","Tues","Wed","Thurs","Fri","Sat"),hadj=TRUE)
axis(1,at=seq(0,24,4))
would give me horizontal tick labels.
It doesn't. What would?
Murray
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: m...@waikato.ac.nzFax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441 Mobile 021 0200 8350
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] sampling from Laplace-Normal
Hi Armin, Laplace-Normal random variables may be generated as the sum of a Normal rv and the difference of two exponential rvs. See Reed, W.J. and Jorgensen, M.A. (2004) The Double Pareto-Lognormal distribution – A new parametric model for size distributions. Communications in Statistics B: Theory and Methods, 33(8), 1733-1753. Perhaps you can get around your problem using this representation or alternatively reproduce the problem with one of the component rvs. Cheers, Murray Jorgensen Hi, I have to draw samples from an asymmetric-Laplace-Normal distribution: f(u|y, x, beta, phi, sigma, tau) \propto exp( - sum( ( abs(lo) + (2*tau-1)*lo )/(2*sigma) ) - 0.5/phi*u^2), where lo = (y - x*beta) and y=(y_1, ..., y_n), x=(x_1, ..., x_n) -- sorry for this huge formula -- A WinBUGS Gibbs sampler and the HI package arms sampler were used with the same initial data for all parameters. I compared the mean from both the Gibbs sample and the arms sample for several y and x. Surprisingly, both means always differed by the same constant. Shouldn't the sample means be equal? What could be the reason for the constant difference? (burnin and sample size variation didn't change this) Thanks in advance Armin -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] step() and stepAIC()
Prof Brian Ripley wrote: On Sun, 12 Oct 2008, Murray Jorgensen wrote: The birth weight example from ?stepAIC in package MASS runs well as indeed it should. However when I change stepAIC() calls to step() calls I get warning messages that I don't understand, although the output is similar. Why would you do this? I did this because I was originally following the code in V&R edition 2. (I know, I know, I should have upgraded!) Warning messages: 1: In model.response(m, "numeric") : using type="numeric" with a factor response will be ignored (and three more the same.) I presume you did library(MASS) example(birthwt) birthwt.glm <- glm(low ~ ., family = binomial, data = bwt) birthwt.step <- step(birthwt.glm, trace = FALSE) birthwt.step$anova birthwt.step2 <- step(birthwt.glm, ~ .^2 + I(scale(age)^2) + I(scale(lwt)^2), trace = FALSE) birthwt.step2$anova and are referrring to the second call? Checked with 2.7.0 on Os X and 2.6.2 on Windows. Those are not current versions. But the difference is that stepAIC uses addterm and step uses add1, and this is a (harmless) infelicity in add1.glm. Cheers, Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 139 5862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] step() and stepAIC()
The birth weight example from ?stepAIC in package MASS runs well as indeed it should. However when I change stepAIC() calls to step() calls I get warning messages that I don't understand, although the output is similar. Warning messages: 1: In model.response(m, "numeric") : using type="numeric" with a factor response will be ignored (and three more the same.) Checked with 2.7.0 on Os X and 2.6.2 on Windows. Cheers, Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] lattice plotting character woes
[Rolf, this crosses with your reply. I will look at your email next.]
I pasted the wrong code last time. The following code is supposed to
illustrate my problem with lattice plotting character changes.
patches <-
structure(list(URBAN_AREA = structure(c(2L, 19L, 23L, 2L, 19L,
23L, 2L, 19L, 23L, 2L, 19L, 23L), .Label = c("CENTRAL AUCKLAND ZONE",
"CHRISTCHURCH", "DUNEDIN", "HAMILTON ZONE", "HASTINGS ZONE",
"INVERCARGILL", "LOWER HUTT ZONE", "mean", "NAPIER ZONE", "NELSON",
"NEW PLYMOUTH", "NORTHERN AUCKLAND ZONE", "PALMERSTON NORTH",
"PORIRUA ZONE", "ROTORUA", "SD", "SE", "SOUTHERN AUCKLAND ZONE",
"TAURANGA", "WANGANUI", "WELLINGTON ZONE", "WESTERN AUCKLAND ZONE",
"WHANGAREI"), class = "factor"), NO_PATCHES = c(11L, 16L, 21L,
87L, 192L, 324L, 164L, 417L, 773L, 679L, 757L, 3083L), MEAN_AREA =
c(9.623631225,
15.29089619, 149.2063532, 14.1676, 247.5262, 28.611, 11.5698,
221.0022, 37.3725, 11.918, 133.5804, 25.6759), AREA.ZONE = c(13683,
3666, 1558, 64830, 41103, 22581, 123819, 90107, 57627, 264735,
223963, 174456), Buffer.zone = c(0L, 0L, 0L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 10L,
10L, 10L, 20L, 20L, 20L)), .Names = c("URBAN_AREA", "NO_PATCHES",
"MEAN_AREA", "AREA.ZONE", "Buffer.zone"), class = "data.frame",
row.names = c(2L,
15L, 19L, 22L, 36L, 40L, 42L, 56L, 60L, 62L, 76L, 80L))
library(lattice)
Region = factor(patches$URBAN_AREA)
lpatches = patches
for (i in 2:4) lpatches[,i] = log10(patches[,i])
# zone not transformed
lpatches.pca = princomp(lpatches[,-c(1,17)],cor=FALSE)
x = lpatches.pca$scores[,1]
y = lpatches.pca$scores[,2]
zz = as.character(patches$Buffer.zone/5)
table(zz)
plsy <- trellis.par.get("plot.symbol")
# only 0 or 1 used as plotting symbol
# I expected 0,1,2,4
plsy$pch = as.character(rep(1:6,2))
trellis.par.set("plot.symbol",plsy)
xyplot(y ~ x |Region)
# only 1,2,3,4 used as plotting symbol
# I expected 1:6
Mark Leeds has pointed out that whatever numbers appear as plotting
characters on the screen, they are replaced by circles when you save a
pdf via
pdf()
xyplot()
dev.off()
I have reproduced this on my Mac.
Cheers, Murray
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 139 5862
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Re: [R] lattice plotting character woes
Hi Rolf, Hi Mark, Hi List,
I have not digested Rolf's response yet. It may well answer my problems.
In the meantime I have some reproducible code which actually shows my
problem:
patches <-
structure(list(URBAN_AREA = structure(c(2L, 19L, 23L, 2L, 19L,
23L, 2L, 19L, 23L, 2L, 19L, 23L), .Label = c("CENTRAL AUCKLAND ZONE",
"CHRISTCHURCH", "DUNEDIN", "HAMILTON ZONE", "HASTINGS ZONE",
"INVERCARGILL", "LOWER HUTT ZONE", "mean", "NAPIER ZONE", "NELSON",
"NEW PLYMOUTH", "NORTHERN AUCKLAND ZONE", "PALMERSTON NORTH",
"PORIRUA ZONE", "ROTORUA", "SD", "SE", "SOUTHERN AUCKLAND ZONE",
"TAURANGA", "WANGANUI", "WELLINGTON ZONE", "WESTERN AUCKLAND ZONE",
"WHANGAREI"), class = "factor"), NO_PATCHES = c(11L, 16L, 21L,
87L, 192L, 324L, 164L, 417L, 773L, 679L, 757L, 3083L), MEAN_AREA =
c(9.623631225,
15.29089619, 149.2063532, 14.1676, 247.5262, 28.611, 11.5698,
221.0022, 37.3725, 11.918, 133.5804, 25.6759), AREA.ZONE = c(13683,
3666, 1558, 64830, 41103, 22581, 123819, 90107, 57627, 264735,
223963, 174456), Buffer.zone = c(0L, 0L, 0L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 10L,
10L, 10L, 20L, 20L, 20L)), .Names = c("URBAN_AREA", "NO_PATCHES",
"MEAN_AREA", "AREA.ZONE", "Buffer.zone"), class = "data.frame",
row.names = c(2L,
15L, 19L, 22L, 36L, 40L, 42L, 56L, 60L, 62L, 76L, 80L))
library(lattice)
Region = factor(patches$URBAN_AREA)
lpatches = patches
for (i in 2:4) lpatches[,i] = log10(patches[,i])
# zone not transformed
lpatches.pca = princomp(lpatches[,-c(1,17)],cor=FALSE)
x = lpatches.pca$scores[,1]
y = lpatches.pca$scores[,2]
zz = as.character(patches$Buffer.zone/5)
table(zz)
plsy <- trellis.par.get("plot.symbol")
# only 0 or 1 used as plotting symbol
plsy$pch = as.character(rep(1:6,2))
trellis.par.set("plot.symbol",plsy)
xyplot(y ~ x |Region)
# only 1,2,3,4 used as plotting symbol
I actually wish 0,1,2, or 4 to be used - to indicate the zone coded in zz.
Cheers, Murray
PS The xyplots produced on R 2.7.0 for Mac OS X, the first one also on
an older Windows version.
Rolf Turner wrote:
Murray:
I'm not at all sure that I understand what you're driving at --- but
does this do something like what you want?
require(lattice)
set.seed(260808)
n = 50
x = rnorm(n)
y = rnorm(n)
z = ceiling(runif(n,0,4))
g = runif(n,0,6)
G = factor(ceiling(g))
print(xyplot(y ~ x | G,pch=G,
panel=function(x,y,...,subscripts,pch) {
panel.xyplot(x,y,pch=pch[subscripts])
}
))
cheers,
Rolf
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--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 139 5862
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[R] lattice plotting character woes
The following reproducable code shows the setting of my problem:
set.seed(260808)
n = 50
x = rnorm(n)
y = rnorm(n)
z = ceiling(runif(n,0,4))
g = runif(n,0,6)
G = factor(ceiling(g))
xyplot(y ~ x | G)
plsy <- trellis.par.get("plot.symbol")
plsy$pch = z
trellis.par.set("plot.symbol",plsy)
xyplot(y ~ x | G)
plsy$pch = as.character(z)
trellis.par.set("plot.symbol",plsy)
xyplot(y ~ x | G)
Unfortunately it does not reproduce the problem, which is that instead
of the plotting characters being determined by the value of G, they are
all the same, corresponding to the lowest level of G.
Here is my actual output:
> patches = read.csv(apf,header=TRUE)
> summary(patches)
X URBAN_AREA NO_PATCHES MEAN_AREA
Mode:logical CENTRAL AUCKLAND ZONE: 4 Min. : 0.0 Min. : 0.00
NA's:83 CHRISTCHURCH : 4 1st Qu.: 81.5 1st Qu.: 11.64
DUNEDIN : 4 Median : 200.0 Median : 23.19
HAMILTON ZONE: 4 Mean : 375.5 Mean : 323.08
HASTINGS ZONE: 4 3rd Qu.: 524.5 3rd Qu.: 149.54
INVERCARGILL : 4 Max. :3083.0 Max. :6609.34
(Other) :59 NA's : 3.00
MAX_AREAMIN_AREA STD_AREA MEAN_EDGE
Min. :1.008e+01 Min. :0.0029 Min. :3.115 Min. : 1075
1st Qu.:1.716e+02 1st Qu.:0.1605 1st Qu.: 24.939 1st Qu.: 1867
Median :2.336e+03 Median :0.2516 Median : 185.198 Median : 2669
Mean :6.211e+04 Mean :0.5888 Mean : 3888.733 Mean : 6584
3rd Qu.:3.670e+04 3rd Qu.:0.4713 3rd Qu.: 2148.932 3rd Qu.: 6149
Max. :1.449e+06 Max. :8.8260 Max. :64028.083 Max. :94641
NA's :4.000e+00 NA's :4. NA's :4.000 NA's :4
MAX_EDGE MIN_EDGE STD_EDGE MEAN_E_A
Min. :2340 Min. : 34.35 Min. : 290.2 Min. :0.01491
1st Qu.: 20369 1st Qu.: 162.04 1st Qu.: 2919.3 1st Qu.:0.03320
Median : 124243 Median : 193.47 Median : 9182.8 Median :0.03910
Mean : 841731 Mean : 286.33 Mean : 53940.9 Mean :0.03924
3rd Qu.: 913745 3rd Qu.: 325.62 3rd Qu.: 56914.0 3rd Qu.:0.04527
Max. :13086956 Max. :1770.00 Max. :584281.0 Max. :0.06010
NA's : 4 NA's : 4.00 NA's : 4.0 NA's :4.0
MAX_E_A MIN_E_ASTD_E_A AREA.ZONE
Min. :0.01755 Min. :0.000900 Min. :0.002378 Min. : 1114
1st Qu.:0.08890 1st Qu.:0.001526 1st Qu.:0.016550 1st Qu.: 13996
Median :0.10146 Median :0.002900 Median :0.018500 Median : 38015
Mean :0.14431 Mean :0.005689 Mean :0.019567 Mean : 60883
3rd Qu.:0.12040 3rd Qu.:0.008592 3rd Qu.:0.020784 3rd Qu.: 84787
Max. :1.20530 Max. :0.024350 Max. :0.059000 Max. :264735
NA's :4.0 NA's :4.00 NA's :4.00 NA's : 3
No..patches.100.ha X.1 Buffer.zone
Min. :0. Mode:logical Min. : 0.000
1st Qu.:0.3534 NA's:831st Qu.: 5.000
Median :0.5653Median :10.000
Mean :0.6952Mean : 9.157
3rd Qu.:0.90803rd Qu.:20.000
Max. :2.9374Max. :20.000
> # clean
> patches = patches[,-c(1,18)]
> patches = patches[-c(20,81,82,83),]
> cnames = patches[,1]
> acn = abbreviate(cnames)
> zone = patches[,17]/5
> names(acn) = NULL
> Region = factor(acn)
> lpatches = patches
> for (i in 2:16) lpatches[,i] = log10(patches[,i])
> # zone not transformed
> lpatches.pca = princomp(lpatches[,-c(1,17)],cor=FALSE)
> x = lpatches.pca$scores[,1]
> y = lpatches.pca$scores[,2]
> zz = as.character(patches$Buffer.zone/5)
> plsy <- trellis.par.get("plot.symbol")
> plsy$pch = zz
> trellis.par.set("plot.symbol",plsy)
> xyplot(y ~ x |Region)
> table(zz)
zz
0 1 2 4
19 20 20 20
I would dearly like to have my plotting symbols indicate the zone but I
am frustrated.
Curiously I may put other (numeric or character) variable in place of zz
and get variable plotting characters.
Murray
--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862
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Re: [R] Extracting formula from an lm object
Thanks to Professors Ripley and Turlach for their help. Brian's solution
was simple and elegant but Berwin's was also informative.
Murray Jorgensen
Prof Brian Ripley wrote:
On Sun, 24 Aug 2008, Berwin A Turlach wrote:
G'day Murray,
On Sun, 24 Aug 2008 18:34:39 +1200
Murray Jorgensen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
I want to extra the part of the formula not including the response
variable from an lm object. For example if the lm object ABx.lm was
created by the call
ABx.lm <- lm( y ~ A + B + x, ...)
Then ACx.lm is saved as part of a workspace.
I wish to extract "~ A + B + x". Later in my code I will fit
another linear model of the form z ~ A + B + x for some other
response variable z. I would be grateful for any suggestions of a
nice way to do this.
AFAIK, a formula is essentially a list of two or three components. The
first component is "~". The second is the LHS of the formula if there
are three components; otherwise the RHS of the formula. The third
component, if it exists, is the RHS of the formula.
So storing "~ A + B + x" and manipulating this part for different
responses could turn out to be painful; you would have to insert the
new LHS as the second component of the list. I would suggest that it
is easier to store the complete formula and just manipulate the LHS;
see:
An ulternative is to use update.formula on the formula extracted, or
even just use update() on the lm fit. For the information in this
posting (there could be more going on, like where to find 'z'),
update(ABX.lm, z ~ .)
should be all that is needed.
R> library(MASS)
R> fm <- lm(time~dist+climb, hills)
R> formula(fm)
time ~ dist + climb
R> formula(fm)[[1]]
`~`
R> formula(fm)[[2]]
time
R> formula(fm)[[3]]
dist + climb
R> tt <- formula(fm)
R> tt[[2]] <- NULL
R> tt
~dist + climb
R> tt <- formula(fm)
R> class(tt[[2]])
[1] "name"
R> typeof(tt[[2]])
[1] "symbol"
R> tt[[2]] <- as.name("y")
R> tt
y ~ dist + climb
R> tt <- formula(fm)
R> tt[[2]] <- as.symbol("z")
R> tt
z ~ dist + climb
HTH.
Cheers,
Berwin
=== Full address =
Berwin A TurlachTel.: +65 6515 4416 (secr)
Dept of Statistics and Applied Probability+65 6515 6650 (self)
Faculty of Science FAX : +65 6872 3919
National University of Singapore
6 Science Drive 2, Blk S16, Level 7 e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Singapore 117546http://www.stat.nus.edu.sg/~statba
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--
Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html
Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155
Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Extracting formula from an lm object
I want to extra the part of the formula not including the response variable from an lm object. For example if the lm object ABx.lm was created by the call ABx.lm <- lm( y ~ A + B + x, ...) Then ACx.lm is saved as part of a workspace. I wish to extract "~ A + B + x". Later in my code I will fit another linear model of the form z ~ A + B + x for some other response variable z. I would be grateful for any suggestions of a nice way to do this. Cheers, Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 139 5862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Programming Concepts and Philosophy
I am wondering if people on the list could recommend books that they have found helpful about programming concepts and style? I often find that students write R programs by copying existing code but could really benefit from the understanding of more general programming ideas. An example would be to avoid writing functions which attempt to modify their parameters. Another principle would be not to write programs with numbers used as constants but to assign them to named objects as in n <- 120 # number of observations p <- 10 # number of variables near the beginning of a program rather than using "10" and "120" throughout the script. This sort of stuff is not specifically R but can be a problem for students with little programming background. I am happy to summarise responses. Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Recommended Packages
Having just update to R 2.6.2 on my old Windows laptop I notice that the number of packages is growing exponentially and my usual approach of get-em-all may not be viable much longer. Has any thought been given to dividing "contributed" binaries into a recommended set, perhaps a couple of hundred, and the remained. That way one could install the recommended ones routinely and add in the others as required. Any comments? Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] [OT] good reference for mixed models and EM algorithm
Erin, as well as P & B can I recommend McCullogh CE, Searle SR (2000), Generalized, Linear, and Mixed Models, Wiley I also found Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models by Andrew Gelman and Jennifer Hill. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 2007. useful although it takes a Bayesian rather than EM approach. Cheers, Murray -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Reading R-help Digests with Mozilla Thunderbird
This is somewhat off-topic but I think that an answer may help other users of R-help. Thunderbird trys to help in the display of messages by "greying out" quoted text. However when reading r-help in digest form it gets thoroughly confused and usually ends up greying out the fresh text in a message. [I'm using Windows XP]. Does anyone know how to turn off this Thunderbird feature? Also what would be the best way to raise this problem with the Thunderbird developers? Cheers, Murray Jorgensen -- Dr Murray Jorgensen http://www.stats.waikato.ac.nz/Staff/maj.html Department of Statistics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]Fax 7 838 4155 Phone +64 7 838 4773 wkHome +64 7 825 0441Mobile 021 1395 862 __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
