Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Steven,
You need to mention what you actually did to get proper advice. Your problem is
at the source.
Simply put, the R interpreter does have somewhat different behavior when the
program is directly typed in (or slightly indirectly as in R STUDIO) than when
you ask it to open another file as a source, perhaps recursively.
If you read the manual page, "source()" has lots of options.
https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/base/versions/3.6.2/topics/source
The default is to change some of the behavior with the assumption there is no
user typing things in and waiting for responses. One of the options will change
the behavior to make statements auto-print. Look to see if
source(..., echo=TRUE)
gets what you want. Obviously the "..." above is replaced with your additional
code. Of course, an explicit print statement works too. You may also want to
look at the print.eval option.
What next? Will you now tell us you forgot that you used the
sink(file="hide.txt") function in the code and wonder why it does not print to
your terminal?
-Original Message-
From: R-help On Behalf Of Steven Yen
Sent: Monday, November 30, 2020 5:55 AM
To: Stefan Evert
Cc: R-help Mailing List
Subject: Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
No. I wrote the function so I am sure no "invisible" command was used.
Strangely enough, compiling the function isto part of a package, results were
NOT printed. Yes if I call the function during run, by preceding the call with
a line that attach the source code:
source("A:/.../R/oprobit.R")
it did print. I do not understand.
On 2020/11/30 下午 06:41, Stefan Evert wrote:
>> On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
>>
>> Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply doing
>> line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
>>
>> me.probit(obj)
> That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as
> invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
>
> print(me.probit(obj))
>
> or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to print the
> output.
>
> If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find the
> function invisible() called somewhere.
>
> Best,
> Stefan
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Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
On 30/11/2020 11:51 a.m., Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks to all. Presenting a large-scale, replicable example can be a
burden to the READERs which was why I was reluctant.
You shouldn't post a large scale reproducible example, you should
simplify it to just the essentials. Often in doing that you will find
some error, and don't need to post at all.
Duncan Murdoch
I am embarrassed to report that after having to restart Windows after
the system hang on something unrelated, the issue was resolved and
printing was normal. I bet it had nothing to do with the R function.
Problem caused by my Windows system memory or something. This sometimes
yes, sometimes no situation makes i thard to pinpoint the problem and
present a replicable example. I am OK now. Thanks to all.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:21, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
By not posting a reproducible example, you're wasting everyone's time.
Duncan Murdoch
On 30/11/2020 6:06 a.m., Steven Yen wrote:
No, sorry. Line 1 below did not print for me and I had to go around and
do line 2 to print:
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
A puzzle.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:00, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
On 30/11/2020 5:41 a.m., Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by
simply doing line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as
invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to
print the output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find
the function invisible() called somewhere.
I think you misread his post. "me.probit(obj)" on its own *did*
print. It was when he assigned it to a variable using "v <-
me.probit(obj)" that it didn't. Assignments are almost always
invisible in R.
The other thing that people sometimes find confusing is that
evaluating expressions that are visible are the top level doesn't make
them print when they are nested in a block of code. Usually this
happens in a function, e.g. typing a number normally makes it visible,
but
f <- function() {
1
2
}
f()
doesn't print 1, it only prints 2, and that happens because 2 is the
return value of the function.
Duncan Murdoch
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Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
TOPIC: Why some returned values do not automatically print.
Again, not seeing the internals, my guess is the function returned not the
expected but "invisible(expected)" which just marks it as not to be
automatically printed.
So if you want it printed, ask for it explicitly as in:
print(me.probit(obj))
What you did was to copy the object and then the copy does not keep the
invisibility so when invoked, gets the default print action.
-Original Message-
From: R-help On Behalf Of Steven Yen
Sent: Monday, November 30, 2020 4:42 AM
To: Jim Lemon ; r-help mailing list
Subject: Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply doing
line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
On 2020/11/30 下午 05:33, Jim Lemon wrote:
> Hi Steven,
> You seem to be assigning the result of me.oprobit(obj) to v instead of
> printing it. By appending ";v" tp that command line, you implicitly
> call "print".
>
> Jim
>
> On Mon, Nov 30, 2020 at 7:15 PM Steven Yen wrote:
>> I hope I can get away without presenting a replicable set of codes
>> because doing so would impose burdens.
>>
>> I call a function which return a data frame, with the final line
>>
>> return(out)
>>
>> In one case the data frame gets printed (similar to a regression
>> printout), with simply a call
>>
>> me.probit(obj)
>>
>> In another case with a similar function, I could not get the results
>> printed and the only way to print is to do the following:
>>
>> v<-me.oprobit(obj); v
>>
>> This is a puzzle, and I hope to find some clues. Thanks to all.
>>
>> My function looks like the following:
>>
>> me.oprobit0 <- function(obj,mean=FALSE,vb.method,jindex=NA,
>> resampling=FALSE,ndraws=100,mc.method=1,times100=TRUE,
>> Stata.mu=FALSE,testing=FALSE,digits=3){
>> ...
>> return(out) # out is a data frame
>> }
>>
>> __
>> R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
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Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Thanks to all. Presenting a large-scale, replicable example can be a
burden to the READERs which was why I was reluctant.
I am embarrassed to report that after having to restart Windows after
the system hang on something unrelated, the issue was resolved and
printing was normal. I bet it had nothing to do with the R function.
Problem caused by my Windows system memory or something. This sometimes
yes, sometimes no situation makes i thard to pinpoint the problem and
present a replicable example. I am OK now. Thanks to all.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:21, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
By not posting a reproducible example, you're wasting everyone's time.
Duncan Murdoch
On 30/11/2020 6:06 a.m., Steven Yen wrote:
No, sorry. Line 1 below did not print for me and I had to go around and
do line 2 to print:
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
A puzzle.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:00, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
On 30/11/2020 5:41 a.m., Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by
simply doing line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as
invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to
print the output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find
the function invisible() called somewhere.
I think you misread his post. "me.probit(obj)" on its own *did*
print. It was when he assigned it to a variable using "v <-
me.probit(obj)" that it didn't. Assignments are almost always
invisible in R.
The other thing that people sometimes find confusing is that
evaluating expressions that are visible are the top level doesn't make
them print when they are nested in a block of code. Usually this
happens in a function, e.g. typing a number normally makes it visible,
but
f <- function() {
1
2
}
f()
doesn't print 1, it only prints 2, and that happens because 2 is the
return value of the function.
Duncan Murdoch
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
By not posting a reproducible example, you're wasting everyone's time.
Duncan Murdoch
On 30/11/2020 6:06 a.m., Steven Yen wrote:
No, sorry. Line 1 below did not print for me and I had to go around and
do line 2 to print:
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
A puzzle.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:00, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
On 30/11/2020 5:41 a.m., Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by
simply doing line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as
invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to
print the output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find
the function invisible() called somewhere.
I think you misread his post. "me.probit(obj)" on its own *did*
print. It was when he assigned it to a variable using "v <-
me.probit(obj)" that it didn't. Assignments are almost always
invisible in R.
The other thing that people sometimes find confusing is that
evaluating expressions that are visible are the top level doesn't make
them print when they are nested in a block of code. Usually this
happens in a function, e.g. typing a number normally makes it visible,
but
f <- function() {
1
2
}
f()
doesn't print 1, it only prints 2, and that happens because 2 is the
return value of the function.
Duncan Murdoch
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
No, sorry. Line 1 below did not print for me and I had to go around and
do line 2 to print:
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
A puzzle.
On 2020/11/30 下午 07:00, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
On 30/11/2020 5:41 a.m., Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by
simply doing line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as
invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to
print the output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find
the function invisible() called somewhere.
I think you misread his post. "me.probit(obj)" on its own *did*
print. It was when he assigned it to a variable using "v <-
me.probit(obj)" that it didn't. Assignments are almost always
invisible in R.
The other thing that people sometimes find confusing is that
evaluating expressions that are visible are the top level doesn't make
them print when they are nested in a block of code. Usually this
happens in a function, e.g. typing a number normally makes it visible,
but
f <- function() {
1
2
}
f()
doesn't print 1, it only prints 2, and that happens because 2 is the
return value of the function.
Duncan Murdoch
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
On 30/11/2020 5:41 a.m., Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply doing
line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as invisible, so it
won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to print the
output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find the
function invisible() called somewhere.
I think you misread his post. "me.probit(obj)" on its own *did* print.
It was when he assigned it to a variable using "v <- me.probit(obj)"
that it didn't. Assignments are almost always invisible in R.
The other thing that people sometimes find confusing is that evaluating
expressions that are visible are the top level doesn't make them print
when they are nested in a block of code. Usually this happens in a
function, e.g. typing a number normally makes it visible, but
f <- function() {
1
2
}
f()
doesn't print 1, it only prints 2, and that happens because 2 is the
return value of the function.
Duncan Murdoch
__
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https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
No. I wrote the function so I am sure no "invisible" command was used.
Strangely enough, compiling the function isto part of a package, results
were NOT printed. Yes if I call the function during run, by preceding
the call with a line that attach the source code:
source("A:/.../R/oprobit.R")
it did print. I do not understand.
On 2020/11/30 下午 06:41, Stefan Evert wrote:
On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote:
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply doing
line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as invisible, so it
won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print
print(me.probit(obj))
or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to print the
output.
If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find the
function invisible() called somewhere.
Best,
Stefan
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
> On 30 Nov 2020, at 10:41, Steven Yen wrote: > > Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply doing > line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2. > > me.probit(obj) That means the return value of me.probit() has been marked as invisible, so it won't auto-print. You have to use an explicit print print(me.probit(obj)) or use your work-around to convince R that you actually meant to print the output. If you dig through the full code of me.probit(), you'll probably find the function invisible() called somewhere. Best, Stefan __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Thanks. I know, my point was on why I get something printed by simply
doing line 1 below and at other occasions had to do line 2.
me.probit(obj)
v<-me.probit(obj); v
On 2020/11/30 下午 05:33, Jim Lemon wrote:
Hi Steven,
You seem to be assigning the result of me.oprobit(obj) to v instead of
printing it. By appending ";v" tp that command line, you implicitly
call "print".
Jim
On Mon, Nov 30, 2020 at 7:15 PM Steven Yen wrote:
I hope I can get away without presenting a replicable set of codes
because doing so would impose burdens.
I call a function which return a data frame, with the final line
return(out)
In one case the data frame gets printed (similar to a regression
printout), with simply a call
me.probit(obj)
In another case with a similar function, I could not get the results
printed and the only way to print is to do the following:
v<-me.oprobit(obj); v
This is a puzzle, and I hope to find some clues. Thanks to all.
My function looks like the following:
me.oprobit0 <- function(obj,mean=FALSE,vb.method,jindex=NA,
resampling=FALSE,ndraws=100,mc.method=1,times100=TRUE,
Stata.mu=FALSE,testing=FALSE,digits=3){
...
return(out) # out is a data frame
}
__
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https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Hi Steven,
You seem to be assigning the result of me.oprobit(obj) to v instead of
printing it. By appending ";v" tp that command line, you implicitly
call "print".
Jim
On Mon, Nov 30, 2020 at 7:15 PM Steven Yen wrote:
>
> I hope I can get away without presenting a replicable set of codes
> because doing so would impose burdens.
>
> I call a function which return a data frame, with the final line
>
> return(out)
>
> In one case the data frame gets printed (similar to a regression
> printout), with simply a call
>
> me.probit(obj)
>
> In another case with a similar function, I could not get the results
> printed and the only way to print is to do the following:
>
> v<-me.oprobit(obj); v
>
> This is a puzzle, and I hope to find some clues. Thanks to all.
>
> My function looks like the following:
>
> me.oprobit0 <- function(obj,mean=FALSE,vb.method,jindex=NA,
> resampling=FALSE,ndraws=100,mc.method=1,times100=TRUE,
> Stata.mu=FALSE,testing=FALSE,digits=3){
> ...
> return(out) # out is a data frame
> }
>
> __
> R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Printing upon calling a function
Answering you is also a burden without the reprodicible code. I'll pass on that.
But I will say that mixing analysis with output in the same function is a
terrible habit. Come to the functional side of coding... it is much more
re-usable here.
On November 30, 2020 12:14:35 AM PST, Steven Yen wrote:
>I hope I can get away without presenting a replicable set of codes
>because doing so would impose burdens.
>
>I call a function which return a data frame, with the final line
>
>return(out)
>
>In one case the data frame gets printed (similar to a regression
>printout), with simply a call
>
>me.probit(obj)
>
>In another case with a similar function, I could not get the results
>printed and the only way to print is to do the following:
>
>v<-me.oprobit(obj); v
>
>This is a puzzle, and I hope to find some clues. Thanks to all.
>
>My function looks like the following:
>
>me.oprobit0 <- function(obj,mean=FALSE,vb.method,jindex=NA,
>resampling=FALSE,ndraws=100,mc.method=1,times100=TRUE,
> Stata.mu=FALSE,testing=FALSE,digits=3){
>...
>return(out) # out is a data frame
>}
>
>__
>R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>PLEASE do read the posting guide
>http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
--
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.
__
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Printing upon calling a function
I hope I can get away without presenting a replicable set of codes
because doing so would impose burdens.
I call a function which return a data frame, with the final line
return(out)
In one case the data frame gets printed (similar to a regression
printout), with simply a call
me.probit(obj)
In another case with a similar function, I could not get the results
printed and the only way to print is to do the following:
v<-me.oprobit(obj); v
This is a puzzle, and I hope to find some clues. Thanks to all.
My function looks like the following:
me.oprobit0 <- function(obj,mean=FALSE,vb.method,jindex=NA,
resampling=FALSE,ndraws=100,mc.method=1,times100=TRUE,
Stata.mu=FALSE,testing=FALSE,digits=3){
...
return(out) # out is a data frame
}
__
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https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
