Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
as.environment(characterString) maps an entry from the output of
search() to the environment at the named position in the search list.
as.environment(number) maps an index into the output of search() to
the the environment at that position in the search list. If
'characterString' is not in the output of search() or 'number' is not
in seq_along(search()) then as.environment throws an error. As far as
I can tell, as.environment does not deal with the name of the
environment at all. (When you attach an environment, attach will add
a name attribute to the copied environment so the attached
environment's name matches the name on the output of search(), but I
don't think as.environment ever looks at that attribute.)
Bill Dunlap
TIBCO Software
wdunlap tibco.com
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 9:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
First, sorry for my pool english expression which make you misunderstanding
of my original purpose.
Sometimes, suppose a object in both stats and base, then i type the object
name, then after R search the search() list, R will use the object in stats,
is it right?( I just suppose, stats can be any package which libraried into
R.)
Then i know that, .GlobalEnv or globalenv() is the global environment object,
baseenv() returns the base environment object.
I also know that, i can convert the environment name into the real
environment object by using stats-as.environment(package:stats), And the
stats environment's name can be obtained using environmentName(stats), but it
returns . (why?)
Then i use environmentName(.GlobalEnv) then i get R_GlobalEnv, then i use
as.environment(R_GlobalEnv), it does't work.(why?)
In one word, as.environment(x), x is somthing not the environment's name.
But, when i add a environment into the search() list, after i
attr(newenvir,name)-new_name
I can use the as.environment(new_name) to obtain the added environment.
(why?)
Hope you understand my meaning :)
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-26 02:51:54, MacQueen, Don macque...@llnl.gov wrote:
Put simply,
.GlobalEnvstores objects you create
package:base contains functions and objects provided by R itself
You don¹t need to use .GlobalEnv$a to use the variable named a. Just
is ³a² by itself.
a - 4
b - 2*a
print(a)
print(b)
Not necessary to use
print(.GlobalEnv$a)
Similarly, to find an object in the base package, just type its name.
I don¹t know what you are trying to do, or why you think you have to use
.GlobalEnv$a
But in more than 20 years of using R for many different tasks, I have
never had to do that.
Furthermore, if you are new to R (which I would guess is the case), it
seems unlikely to me that you need to work with environments or use
attach() or assign(). In the vast majority of cases there are simpler ways
that are easier to understand.
You are aware, I hope, that
ls('.GlobalEnv')
ls(1)
ls()
all return the same result?
--
Don MacQueen
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7000 East Ave., L-627
Livermore, CA 94550
925-423-1062
On 8/24/14, 11:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
Dear rusers,
As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path,
such as .Golbalenv and package:base .
And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but
i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not
very convenient.
For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the
search() path.
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name))
a
[1] 2
as.environment(new_name)$a
[1] 2
I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use
the following form:
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv
a
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
So, the decisive factor is whether the input string be on the search() name
list, and not related with the envir's name attribute.
When we using attach, it is becasue the name attribute just match the search()
name list(or say,search() name list just use the name attribute), so
as.environment() can work well.
Tks!
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-27 00:02:07, William Dunlap wdun...@tibco.com wrote:
as.environment(characterString) maps an entry from the output of
search() to the environment at the named position in the search list.
as.environment(number) maps an index into the output of search() to
the the environment at that position in the search list. If
'characterString' is not in the output of search() or 'number' is not
in seq_along(search()) then as.environment throws an error. As far as
I can tell, as.environment does not deal with the name of the
environment at all. (When you attach an environment, attach will add
a name attribute to the copied environment so the attached
environment's name matches the name on the output of search(), but I
don't think as.environment ever looks at that attribute.)
Bill Dunlap
TIBCO Software
wdunlap tibco.com
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 9:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
First, sorry for my pool english expression which make you misunderstanding
of my original purpose.
Sometimes, suppose a object in both stats and base, then i type the object
name, then after R search the search() list, R will use the object in stats,
is it right?( I just suppose, stats can be any package which libraried into
R.)
Then i know that, .GlobalEnv or globalenv() is the global environment
object, baseenv() returns the base environment object.
I also know that, i can convert the environment name into the real
environment object by using stats-as.environment(package:stats), And the
stats environment's name can be obtained using environmentName(stats), but
it returns . (why?)
Then i use environmentName(.GlobalEnv) then i get R_GlobalEnv, then i use
as.environment(R_GlobalEnv), it does't work.(why?)
In one word, as.environment(x), x is somthing not the environment's name.
But, when i add a environment into the search() list, after i
attr(newenvir,name)-new_name
I can use the as.environment(new_name) to obtain the added environment.
(why?)
Hope you understand my meaning :)
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-26 02:51:54, MacQueen, Don macque...@llnl.gov wrote:
Put simply,
.GlobalEnvstores objects you create
package:base contains functions and objects provided by R itself
You don¹t need to use .GlobalEnv$a to use the variable named a. Just
is ³a² by itself.
a - 4
b - 2*a
print(a)
print(b)
Not necessary to use
print(.GlobalEnv$a)
Similarly, to find an object in the base package, just type its name.
I don¹t know what you are trying to do, or why you think you have to use
.GlobalEnv$a
But in more than 20 years of using R for many different tasks, I have
never had to do that.
Furthermore, if you are new to R (which I would guess is the case), it
seems unlikely to me that you need to work with environments or use
attach() or assign(). In the vast majority of cases there are simpler ways
that are easier to understand.
You are aware, I hope, that
ls('.GlobalEnv')
ls(1)
ls()
all return the same result?
--
Don MacQueen
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7000 East Ave., L-627
Livermore, CA 94550
925-423-1062
On 8/24/14, 11:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
Dear rusers,
As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path,
such as .Golbalenv and package:base .
And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but
i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not
very convenient.
For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the
search() path.
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name))
a
[1] 2
as.environment(new_name)$a
[1] 2
I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use
the following form:
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv
a
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[[alternative
[R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
Dear rusers, As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path, such as .Golbalenv and package:base . And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not very convenient. For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the search() path. tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name)) a [1] 2 as.environment(new_name)$a [1] 2 I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use the following form: tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv a [1] 2 new_name$a [1] 2 -- PO SU mail: desolato...@163.com Majored in Statistics from SJTU __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 1:07 AM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote: Dear rusers, As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path, such as .Golbalenv and package:base . And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not very convenient. For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the search() path. tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name)) a [1] 2 as.environment(new_name)$a [1] 2 I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use the following form: tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv a [1] 2 new_name$a [1] 2 -- PO SU mail: desolato...@163.com Majored in Statistics from SJTU You might want to try: new_name - new.env(); # or if you prefer (such as in a function) assign(new_name,new.env(),envir=.GlobalEnv); # # You may now assign variable into this similar to: new_name$a - 2; gvar - new_name$a; # get the variable a from environment new_name gvar - get(a,envir=new_name); #same thing, but wordy attach(new_name); a gvar - a; -- There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people! Genghis Khan Maranatha! John McKown __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
As you know, in the search path, there is .GlobalEnv, package:stats and so on, why do we need to convert the character package:stats to the stats environment. I mean, why don't let package:stats be a environment type object like .GlobalEnv,but let it be a string ? Hope you understand my meaning for my pool english expression way. -- PO SU mail: desolato...@163.com Majored in Statistics from SJTU At 2014-08-25 09:53:37, John McKown john.archie.mck...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 1:07 AM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote: Dear rusers, As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path, such as .Golbalenv and package:base . And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not very convenient. For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the search() path. tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name)) a [1] 2 as.environment(new_name)$a [1] 2 I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use the following form: tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name) assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv a [1] 2 new_name$a [1] 2 -- PO SU mail: desolato...@163.com Majored in Statistics from SJTU You might want to try: new_name - new.env(); # or if you prefer (such as in a function) assign(new_name,new.env(),envir=.GlobalEnv); # # You may now assign variable into this similar to: new_name$a - 2; gvar - new_name$a; # get the variable a from environment new_name gvar - get(a,envir=new_name); #same thing, but wordy attach(new_name); a gvar - a; -- There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people! Genghis Khan Maranatha! John McKown [[alternative HTML version deleted]] __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 11:19 AM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
As you know, in the search path, there is .GlobalEnv, package:stats and so
on, why do we need to convert the character package:stats to the stats
environment.
I mean, why don't let package:stats be a environment type object like
.GlobalEnv,but let it be a string ?
Hope you understand my meaning for my pool english expression way.
Yes, you have Sorry for my misunderstanding of what were originally
saying. I _think_ that I now understand. The fault is likely my
concentrating on the wrong part of your original email. To test my
ability to understand, I submit the following possibility:
new_name-new.env();
attach(new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name new_name
tools:rstudio
[5] package:graphics package:grDevices package:utils
package:datasets
[9] package:methods Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,pos=new_name)
a
[1] 2
ls()
[1] new_name
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a
Note the use of pos= instead of envir=. That seems to be the key here.
I hope this was of more use to you. One problem that I have noticed is
that you can not get to the value of a by using new_name$a, but
must use the get() function like: get('a',pos='new_name');
Please be very aware of the following, very confusing fact:
Referencing a variable can not have the expected results.
new_name - new.env()
attach(new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name tools:rstudio
package:stats
[5] package:graphics package:grDevices package:utils
package:datasets
[9] package:methods Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,new_name)
ls()
[1] new_name
new_name$a
NULL
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
new_name$a - 'x'
new_name$a;
[1] x
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
If you wanted to use string values in the first two commands above,
then perhaps:
attach(NULL,name=new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name tools:rstudio
package:graphics
[5] package:grDevices package:utils package:datasets
package:methods
[9] Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,pos=new_name)
ls()
character(0)
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a
a
[1] 2
# or even
ls(new_name)
[1] a
Likewise you can do:
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvtools:rstudio package:stats
package:graphics
[5] package:grDevices package:utils package:datasets
package:methods
[9] Autoloads package:base
ls(pos=package:stats)
[1] acf acf2AR add.scope
[4] add1 addmargins aggregate
[7] aggregate.data.frame aggregate.ts AIC
[10] aliasanovaansari.test
...
[436] variable.names varimax vcov
[439] weighted.meanweighted.residuals weights
[442] wilcox.test window window-
[445] write.ftable xtabs
get(time,pos=package:stats)
function (x, ...)
UseMethod(time)
bytecode: 0x0a4e8b00
environment: namespace:stats
x-get(time,pos=package:stats)
x
function (x, ...)
UseMethod(time)
bytecode: 0x0a4e8b00
environment: namespace:stats
# note that the get() basically created a variable in the global environment
whose value was
# the same as in the package. But you can change the value of x in the
global environment
# and it won't affect the value in the package. And vice versa, if you could
update x in
# the package, but that can't be done because packages seem to be locked and
read-only.
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
--
There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people!
Genghis Khan
Maranatha!
John McKown
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 12:26 PM, John McKown
john.archie.mck...@gmail.com wrote:
snip
Please be very aware of the following, very confusing fact:
Referencing a variable can not have the expected results.
new_name - new.env()
attach(new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name tools:rstudio
package:stats
[5] package:graphics package:grDevices package:utils
package:datasets
[9] package:methods Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,new_name)
ls()
[1] new_name
new_name$a
NULL
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
new_name$a - 'x'
new_name$a;
[1] x
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
The above does not work because I did it incorrectly. The code below
is the proper way to do this.
attach(NULL,name=new_name)
new_name-as.environment(new_name)
assign(a,2,pos=new_name)
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a
new_name$b-'b'
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a b
get('b',pos='new_name')
[1] b
It appears that what happens in the original is that the attach() does
not point to the environment, but creates its own copy. In the second
case, attach() creates the environment, then the new line assigns a
pointer to that same physical environment to the variable new_name.
I'm learning some _interesting_ things from this discussion.
--
There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people!
Genghis Khan
Maranatha!
John McKown
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
Tks for all your details, after your introduction, i really read the ?attach
carefully, and i now understand the argument pos now, but in my opnion, the
details in the function attach may do the as.environment(pos) for me.
And i also understand that, attach will copy the attached envir,and add the
copied envir into the search path list as you showed the examples to me.
After all, i want to ask a last question:
I notice that,
environmentName(.GlobalEnv)
[1] R_GlobalEnv
as.environment(.GlobalEnv)
environment: R_GlobalEnv
as.environment(R_GlobalEnv)
Error in as.environment(R_GlobalEnv) :
no item called R_GlobalEnv on the search list
.GlobalEnv
environment: R_GlobalEnv
environmentName(package:stats)
[1]
as.environment(package:stats)
environment: package:stats
attr(,name)
[1] package:stats
attr(,path)
[1] C:/Program Files/R/R-3.1.1/library/stats
I am really confused now, while as.environment(package:stats) can be work by
convert the name of the environment stats, the environmentName returns !
And get the .GlobalEnv from .GlobalEnv ,but can't form R_GlobalEnv which is
actually the name of the environment.
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-26 01:26:28, John McKown john.archie.mck...@gmail.com wrote:
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 11:19 AM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
As you know, in the search path, there is .GlobalEnv, package:stats and so
on, why do we need to convert the character package:stats to the stats
environment.
I mean, why don't let package:stats be a environment type object like
.GlobalEnv,but let it be a string ?
Hope you understand my meaning for my pool english expression way.
Yes, you have Sorry for my misunderstanding of what were originally
saying. I _think_ that I now understand. The fault is likely my
concentrating on the wrong part of your original email. To test my
ability to understand, I submit the following possibility:
new_name-new.env();
attach(new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name new_name
tools:rstudio
[5] package:graphics package:grDevices package:utils
package:datasets
[9] package:methods Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,pos=new_name)
a
[1] 2
ls()
[1] new_name
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a
Note the use of pos= instead of envir=. That seems to be the key here.
I hope this was of more use to you. One problem that I have noticed is
that you can not get to the value of a by using new_name$a, but
must use the get() function like: get('a',pos='new_name');
Please be very aware of the following, very confusing fact:
Referencing a variable can not have the expected results.
new_name - new.env()
attach(new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name tools:rstudio
package:stats
[5] package:graphics package:grDevices package:utils
package:datasets
[9] package:methods Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,new_name)
ls()
[1] new_name
new_name$a
NULL
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
new_name$a - 'x'
new_name$a;
[1] x
get(a,pos=new_name)
[1] 2
If you wanted to use string values in the first two commands above,
then perhaps:
attach(NULL,name=new_name)
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvnew_name tools:rstudio
package:graphics
[5] package:grDevices package:utils package:datasets
package:methods
[9] Autoloads package:base
assign(a,2,pos=new_name)
ls()
character(0)
ls(pos=new_name)
[1] a
a
[1] 2
# or even
ls(new_name)
[1] a
Likewise you can do:
search()
[1] .GlobalEnvtools:rstudio package:stats
package:graphics
[5] package:grDevices package:utils package:datasets
package:methods
[9] Autoloads package:base
ls(pos=package:stats)
[1] acf acf2AR add.scope
[4] add1 addmargins aggregate
[7] aggregate.data.frame aggregate.ts AIC
[10] aliasanovaansari.test
...
[436] variable.names varimax vcov
[439] weighted.meanweighted.residuals weights
[442] wilcox.test window window-
[445] write.ftable xtabs
get(time,pos=package:stats)
function (x, ...)
UseMethod(time)
bytecode: 0x0a4e8b00
environment: namespace:stats
x-get(time,pos=package:stats)
x
function (x, ...)
UseMethod(time)
bytecode: 0x0a4e8b00
environment: namespace:stats
# note that the get() basically created a variable in the global environment
whose value was
# the same as in the package. But you can change the value of x in the
global environment
# and it won't affect the value in the package. And vice versa, if you could
update x in
# the package, but that can't be done because packages seem to be locked and
read-only.
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
--
There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people!
Genghis Khan
Maranatha!
John McKown
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
On Mon, Aug 25, 2014 at 1:08 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote: Tks for all your details, after your introduction, i really read the ?attach carefully, and i now understand the argument pos now, but in my opnion, the details in the function attach may do the as.environment(pos) for me. And i also understand that, attach will copy the attached envir,and add the copied envir into the search path list as you showed the examples to me. After all, i want to ask a last question: I notice that, environmentName(.GlobalEnv) [1] R_GlobalEnv as.environment(.GlobalEnv) environment: R_GlobalEnv as.environment(R_GlobalEnv) Error in as.environment(R_GlobalEnv) : no item called R_GlobalEnv on the search list .GlobalEnv environment: R_GlobalEnv environmentName(package:stats) [1] as.environment(package:stats) environment: package:stats attr(,name) [1] package:stats attr(,path) [1] C:/Program Files/R/R-3.1.1/library/stats I am really confused now, while as.environment(package:stats) can be work by convert the name of the environment stats, the environmentName returns ! And get the .GlobalEnv from .GlobalEnv ,but can't form R_GlobalEnv which is actually the name of the environment. You are now much deeper into the internals of R than my knowledge. Perhaps one of the truly wise ones here knows. Or this may be a better question for the people on r-devel. It is really getting more towards the why of R rather than the how to. -- There is nothing more pleasant than traveling and meeting new people! Genghis Khan Maranatha! John McKown __ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
Put simply,
.GlobalEnvstores objects you create
package:base contains functions and objects provided by R itself
You don¹t need to use .GlobalEnv$a to use the variable named a. Just
is ³a² by itself.
a - 4
b - 2*a
print(a)
print(b)
Not necessary to use
print(.GlobalEnv$a)
Similarly, to find an object in the base package, just type its name.
I don¹t know what you are trying to do, or why you think you have to use
.GlobalEnv$a
But in more than 20 years of using R for many different tasks, I have
never had to do that.
Furthermore, if you are new to R (which I would guess is the case), it
seems unlikely to me that you need to work with environments or use
attach() or assign(). In the vast majority of cases there are simpler ways
that are easier to understand.
You are aware, I hope, that
ls('.GlobalEnv')
ls(1)
ls()
all return the same result?
--
Don MacQueen
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7000 East Ave., L-627
Livermore, CA 94550
925-423-1062
On 8/24/14, 11:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
Dear rusers,
As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path,
such as .Golbalenv and package:base .
And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but
i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not
very convenient.
For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the
search() path.
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name))
a
[1] 2
as.environment(new_name)$a
[1] 2
I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use
the following form:
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv
a
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
First, sorry for my pool english expression which make you misunderstanding of
my original purpose.
Sometimes, suppose a object in both stats and base, then i type the object
name, then after R search the search() list, R will use the object in stats, is
it right?( I just suppose, stats can be any package which libraried into R.)
Then i know that, .GlobalEnv or globalenv() is the global environment object,
baseenv() returns the base environment object.
I also know that, i can convert the environment name into the real environment
object by using stats-as.environment(package:stats), And the stats
environment's name can be obtained using environmentName(stats), but it returns
. (why?)
Then i use environmentName(.GlobalEnv) then i get R_GlobalEnv, then i use
as.environment(R_GlobalEnv), it does't work.(why?)
In one word, as.environment(x), x is somthing not the environment's name.
But, when i add a environment into the search() list, after i
attr(newenvir,name)-new_name
I can use the as.environment(new_name) to obtain the added environment.
(why?)
Hope you understand my meaning :)
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-26 02:51:54, MacQueen, Don macque...@llnl.gov wrote:
Put simply,
.GlobalEnvstores objects you create
package:base contains functions and objects provided by R itself
You don¹t need to use .GlobalEnv$a to use the variable named a. Just
is ³a² by itself.
a - 4
b - 2*a
print(a)
print(b)
Not necessary to use
print(.GlobalEnv$a)
Similarly, to find an object in the base package, just type its name.
I don¹t know what you are trying to do, or why you think you have to use
.GlobalEnv$a
But in more than 20 years of using R for many different tasks, I have
never had to do that.
Furthermore, if you are new to R (which I would guess is the case), it
seems unlikely to me that you need to work with environments or use
attach() or assign(). In the vast majority of cases there are simpler ways
that are easier to understand.
You are aware, I hope, that
ls('.GlobalEnv')
ls(1)
ls()
all return the same result?
--
Don MacQueen
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7000 East Ave., L-627
Livermore, CA 94550
925-423-1062
On 8/24/14, 11:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
Dear rusers,
As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path,
such as .Golbalenv and package:base .
And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable, but
i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it not
very convenient.
For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the
search() path.
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name))
a
[1] 2
as.environment(new_name)$a
[1] 2
I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just use
the following form:
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv
a
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] What the difference between .Golbalenv and package:base?
I would refer to base::somename or stat::somename if necessary, and I never use
attach, get or assign.
---
Jeff NewmillerThe . . Go Live...
DCN:jdnew...@dcn.davis.ca.usBasics: ##.#. ##.#. Live Go...
Live: OO#.. Dead: OO#.. Playing
Research Engineer (Solar/BatteriesO.O#. #.O#. with
/Software/Embedded Controllers) .OO#. .OO#. rocks...1k
---
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.
On August 25, 2014 9:07:58 PM PDT, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
First, sorry for my pool english expression which make you
misunderstanding of my original purpose.
Sometimes, suppose a object in both stats and base, then i type the
object name, then after R search the search() list, R will use the
object in stats, is it right?( I just suppose, stats can be any package
which libraried into R.)
Then i know that, .GlobalEnv or globalenv() is the global environment
object, baseenv() returns the base environment object.
I also know that, i can convert the environment name into the real
environment object by using stats-as.environment(package:stats),
And the stats environment's name can be obtained using
environmentName(stats), but it returns . (why?)
Then i use environmentName(.GlobalEnv) then i get R_GlobalEnv, then
i use as.environment(R_GlobalEnv), it does't work.(why?)
In one word, as.environment(x), x is somthing not the environment's
name.
But, when i add a environment into the search() list, after i
attr(newenvir,name)-new_name
I can use the as.environment(new_name) to obtain the added
environment. (why?)
Hope you understand my meaning :)
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
At 2014-08-26 02:51:54, MacQueen, Don macque...@llnl.gov wrote:
Put simply,
.GlobalEnvstores objects you create
package:base contains functions and objects provided by R itself
You don¹t need to use .GlobalEnv$a to use the variable named a.
Just
is ³a² by itself.
a - 4
b - 2*a
print(a)
print(b)
Not necessary to use
print(.GlobalEnv$a)
Similarly, to find an object in the base package, just type its name.
I don¹t know what you are trying to do, or why you think you have to
use
.GlobalEnv$a
But in more than 20 years of using R for many different tasks, I have
never had to do that.
Furthermore, if you are new to R (which I would guess is the case), it
seems unlikely to me that you need to work with environments or use
attach() or assign(). In the vast majority of cases there are simpler
ways
that are easier to understand.
You are aware, I hope, that
ls('.GlobalEnv')
ls(1)
ls()
all return the same result?
--
Don MacQueen
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7000 East Ave., L-627
Livermore, CA 94550
925-423-1062
On 8/24/14, 11:07 PM, PO SU rhelpmaill...@163.com wrote:
Dear rusers,
As we know, there are a lot of environments in the search() path,
such as .Golbalenv and package:base .
And i can just use .Golbalenv$a ,.Golbalenv$b to use the virable,
but
i must use as.envrionment(package:base) to find virable, i feel it
not
very convenient.
For example, when i use the following codes to add a new env into the
search() path.
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=as.environment(new_name))
a
[1] 2
as.environment(new_name)$a
[1] 2
I must always convert the name to the environment, How can i just
use
the following form:
tmp-attach(NULL,name=new_name)
assign(a,2,envir=new_name) #like using .GlobalEnv
a
[1] 2
new_name$a
[1] 2
--
PO SU
mail: desolato...@163.com
Majored in Statistics from SJTU
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
