I finally found the solution. I was moving from a Gentoo system to Centos and the layout of the files is different under Gentoo.
In the Gentoo layout, the default location for passdb.tdb, schannel_store.tdb and secrets.tdb is in /var/lib/samba/private .
When I first tried to import, I had got an error message about secrets.tdb not being found, so I had made a link /var/lib/samba/secrets.tdb that pointed to /var/lib/samba/private/secrets.tdb, but, crucially, I did not do this for the other files in the secrets subdirectory.
Once I made the links for the other files, all I had to do was clean up my old tdb files (duplicate and otherwise bad entries) and then the import worked!
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