Re: [Tutor] Dynamically named objects
Sorry, meant to respond to the list, not just the OP...
-- Forwarded message --
From: Marc Tompkins [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Dec 28, 2007 12:13 AM
Subject: Re: [Tutor] Dynamically named objects
To: Michael Bernhard Arp Sørensen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
I don't think there's any need for eval - I'll leave the sermon about why
eval is a Bad Thing for someone else - and if your objects are going to
spend most of their lives in a list or dictionary, they don't really need
meaningful individual names. (I mean, instead of naming each one class1,
class2, etc. you can simply refer to them as classDict[1], classDict[2],
etc. or classList[1], etc.)
How's this:
#
class thingy():
example = Just testing -
def __init__(self, num):
self.example = self.example + str(num)
thang = {}
for x in range(1,4):
thang[x] = thingy(x)
for item, value in thang.iteritems():
print item, value.example
#=
On Dec 27, 2007 11:44 PM, Michael Bernhard Arp Sørensen
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi there.
I need to instantiate objects on the fly and put the in a list/dict for
later use. I was thinking of this:
objectlist = []
newobjectname = object1
classname = class1 + ()
objectlist.append(newobjectname = eval(classname) )
objectlist[0].method(hello world)
Can this be done? If not, is there a work around or some design pattern
for this situation?
--
Venlig hilsen/Kind regards
Michael B. Arp Sørensen
Programmør / BOFH
I am /root and if you see me laughing you better have a backup.
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Re: [Tutor] Dynamically named objects
Here's the same thing with a list instead of a dictionary: #=== class thingy(): example = Just testing - def __init__(self, num): self.example = self.example + str(num) thang = [] for x in range(1,4): thang.append(thingy(x)) for item, value in enumerate(thang): print item, value.example # On Dec 27, 2007 11:44 PM, Michael Bernhard Arp Sørensen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi there. I need to instantiate objects on the fly and put the in a list/dict for later use. I was thinking of this: objectlist = [] newobjectname = object1 classname = class1 + () objectlist.append(newobjectname = eval(classname) ) objectlist[0].method(hello world) Can this be done? If not, is there a work around or some design pattern for this situation? -- Venlig hilsen/Kind regards Michael B. Arp Sørensen Programmør / BOFH I am /root and if you see me laughing you better have a backup. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor -- www.fsrtechnologies.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Dynamically named objects
You might find a dictionary useful. Each element in a dictionary is associated
with a key, which can be a string.
objectlist = {}
o = eval(class1 + ())
objectlist[object1] = o
o.method(hello world)
Also, try to avoid using eval(), it usually makes troubleshooting and
maintenance harder and can lead to security problems in some cases. You could
have a dictionary of classes and look them up on the fly:
classlist = { classone : classone, classtwo : classtwo }
objectlist = {}
cls = classlist[user_input]
o = cls()
objectlist[object1] = o
o.method(hello world)
Cheers
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Re: [Tutor] Microsoft Access
Jim Morcombe [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote This tutorial seems very specific to PythonWin IDE. I haven't tried it, but it seems to imply that it uses stuff from PythonWin IDE that may not be available in IDLE. The IDE is just an IDE - editor and debugger etc. But the winall package is how you get access to the Windows libraries for COM/ADO etc You can download winall on top of standard python. You then have the choice of IDLE or Pythonwin as an IDE - I prefer Pythonwin. However if you don;t want to do that you can access Access via ODBC using the standard DBAPI for Python using SQL. That hasthe advantage that you get familiar with DBAPI which also works across Oracle, Informix, DB2 etc etc But if you want to do any kind of complex stuff with Windows then the winall package is pretty essential. And if you get seruious about programming Windows from Python the O'Reilly book by Mark Hammond is strongly recommended too - it's old now but still the best reference on Windows and Python. HTH, -- Alan Gauld Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Internet Bandwidth Management
Hello. I want to restrict internet conncection on windows xp machine,sometimes to cut off the connection or to reduce the bandwidth .. But I dont know exactly where to start and what to learn. Could you give some hints about this? Thanks in advance. Looking for last minute shopping deals? Find them fast with Yahoo! Search. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/newsearch/category.php?category=shopping___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] python CLI parser
TUGZip (www.tugzip.com) is another free (as in speech) alternative. It has a distinct interface from 7-zip that some may prefer. Cheers ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Internet Bandwidth Management
Sewqyne Olpo wrote: Hello. I want to restrict internet conncection on windows xp machine,sometimes to cut off the connection or to reduce the bandwidth .. But I dont know exactly where to start and what to learn. Could you give some hints about this? Thanks in advance. Couple of things: this is really a Windows question first, although I assume you're (implictly) asking: How do I do this from within Python? So, if you haven't already, start searching Windows newsgroups and so on to get some pointers that way and come back to ask for help on implementing things in Python. Secondly, the only way I can think of... although I'm sure there are others... is to fiddle with the Windows ICF: the Firewall. I think it can be adjusted via WMI and presumably by other means as well, so you might try including ICF or Firewall in your search terms if nothing else shows. I'm afraid I've never actually tried to do it myself, merely helped someone out a while back with the WMI mechanics of it. TJG ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Closing GUI program
Hi Jim, The problem with your code is that Tk's mainloop continues to run even though you have closed the window. The cleaner way to close such a GUI program is to explicitly stop the main loop and the Python interpreter at the appropriate time. In this particular case, you may provide a callback function that is triggered on the event of a window being manually closed by the user. Here's a revised version of your program that should work better, even within IDLE. Of course, there is still some system dependency among the program, IDLE, and the underlying operating system. Some interesting reading is at http://www.3dartist.com/WP/python/tknotes.htm With regard, Michael --- from Tkinter import Tk,Label def onClose(): root.destroy() # stops the main loop and interpreter root = Tk() root.protocol(WM_DELETE_WINDOW, onClose) # handle event when window is closed by user z = Label(root, text=Hello World!) z.grid() root.mainloop() --- On Friday December 28, 2007, Jim Morcombe wrote: Oops! Here's the program: --- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() z = Label(root, text=Hello World!) z.grid() root.mainloop() -- Jim - Original Message - From: Jim Morcombe To: python tutor mailing list Sent: Friday, December 28, 2007 3:51 PM Subject: [Tutor] Closing GUI program I have copied the following program. When I run it, (By pressing F5 from IDLE), it displays the Hello world message. When I close the window, the Hello world message disappears, but it seems that the program is still running, because when I close the shell, i get the message The program is still running. Do you want to kill it? How do I get the program to terminate when the window is closed? Jim ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] send file/mail to imap
Hello, I have a mbox file locally on my notebook. I would like to send this file to my IMAP account using python. Does anyone know a module or tutorial which does this? I tried * IMAPClient 0.3 - http://pypi.python.org/pypi/IMAPClient/0.3 but it doesn't contain a send function. Thanks in advance for any hints, Timmie ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] send file/mail to imap
Tim Michelsen wrote: I have a mbox file locally on my notebook. I would like to send this file to my IMAP account using python. Ummm. There seem to be two possible sources of confusion here. Number one is that you don't normally send things via IMAP, you use the IMAP protocol to *read* messages from a server-based mail store of some sort. Number two is that it's not clear whether the mbox file is merely coincidentally a mbox file (ie it might as well be a text file or a Word doc) or is -- as seems most likely -- a real mailbox which you want to make available to normal email clients via your IMAP server. So... reading way too much between the lines, I deduce that you want to have the mails in your mbox file available to your mail clients via your IMAP server. Am I right? If so, you don't want to use an IMAP client, you want some other kind of file transfer mechanism, such as FTP or an scp command to get the file into the appropriate place on your mail server where the IMAP server will see it. You might then have to subscribe to it from your clients; depends on your setup. TJG ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] send file/mail to imap
On Friday 28 December 2007 09:31, Tim Michelsen wrote: Hello, I have a mbox file locally on my notebook. I would like to send this file to my IMAP account using python. Does anyone know a module or tutorial which does this? I tried * IMAPClient 0.3 - http://pypi.python.org/pypi/IMAPClient/0.3 but it doesn't contain a send function. Thanks in advance for any hints, Timmie ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor Batteries included! http://docs.python.org/lib/module-imaplib.html Cheers ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
I'm building a dictionary from a list with ~ 1M records.
Each record in the list is itself a list.
Each record in the list has a line number, (index 0) which I wish to use as
a dictionary key.
The problem: It is possible for two different records in the list to share
this line number. If they do, I want to append the record to the value in
the dictionary.
The obvious (lazy) method of searching for doubled lines requires building
and parsing a key list for every record. There must be a better way!
dict = {}
for record in list
if record[0] in dict.keys():
dict[ record[0] ].append( record )
else:
dict[ record[0] ] = [record]
Once you get ~ 80,000 records it starts slowing down pretty badly (I would
too ...).
Here's hoping there is a really fast, pythonic way of doing this!
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Re: [Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
*sigh* Ignore folks. I had forgotten about .has_key().
On Dec 28, 2007 11:22 AM, doug shawhan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I'm building a dictionary from a list with ~ 1M records.
Each record in the list is itself a list.
Each record in the list has a line number, (index 0) which I wish to use
as a dictionary key.
The problem: It is possible for two different records in the list to share
this line number. If they do, I want to append the record to the value in
the dictionary.
The obvious (lazy) method of searching for doubled lines requires building
and parsing a key list for every record. There must be a better way!
dict = {}
for record in list
if record[0] in dict.keys ():
dict[ record[0] ].append( record )
else:
dict[ record[0] ] = [record]
Once you get ~ 80,000 records it starts slowing down pretty badly (I would
too ...).
Here's hoping there is a really fast, pythonic way of doing this!
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Re: [Tutor] send file/mail to imap
Tim's pretty spot on in his ruminations below, I just wanted to add a few comments. Read inline. Tim Golden wrote: Tim Michelsen wrote: I have a mbox file locally on my notebook. I would like to send this file to my IMAP account using python. Ummm. There seem to be two possible sources of confusion here. Number one is that you don't normally send things via IMAP, you use the IMAP protocol to *read* messages from a server-based mail store of some sort. Number two is that it's not clear whether the mbox file is merely coincidentally a mbox file (ie it might as well be a text file or a Word doc) or is -- as seems most likely -- a real mailbox which you want to make available to normal email clients via your IMAP server. So... reading way too much between the lines, I deduce that you want to have the mails in your mbox file available to your mail clients via your IMAP server. Am I right? In order to use IMAP, the key word would not be to send the messages, as Tim points out, which IMAP does not do, but do copy the messages from one IMAP repository to another. However, (reading between the lines) in order to do that you would need both repositories (mbox and your IMAP server) available via the IMAP protocol and I doubt you have IMAP access to the local mbox file. If so, you don't want to use an IMAP client, you want some other kind of file transfer mechanism, such as FTP or an scp command to get the file into the appropriate place on your mail server where the IMAP server will see it. You might then have to subscribe to it from your clients; depends on your setup. This would definitely be the correct approach if your IMAP server uses an mbox store and you have the ability to directly manipulate those stores outside of the IMAP interface, i.e. root privs on the mail server. However, knowing that all but the most rudimentary IMAP servers do *not* use mbox and that there's a good possibility (based on your initial question) that you do *not* have direct access to the mail backend, I think your best solution would be to resend the emails via SMTP to your mail server where they would be delivered as if they had been sent there initially. This can definitely be done via smtplib in Python by opening the mbox file and iterating over the messages, but you may want to look at the fetchmail utility and see if that has the capabilities (on your local platform) required to access the mbox file directly. It's a mighty capable utility and may be able to take care of this in a single shot. Hope that helps, e. TJG ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] How to stop a script.
Hi everyone... I litterally just started python and did the following 'hello world' related tutorial. http://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/~dyoo/python/idle_intro http://hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/%7Edyoo/python/idle_intro Being the kind of person who like to experiment, I tried changing the following script from: print Hello World! print Here are the ten numbers from 0 to 9, just in case you can't count. for i in range(10): print i, print I'm done! to: print Hello World! print Here are the ten numbers from 0 to 9, just in case you can't count. for i in range(1000): print i, print I'm done! Now I am stuck staring at IDLE as it prints out all 10million numbers. Is there a way other than closing the shell to stop a script midway through execution? -Ian ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
doug shawhan wrote:
*sigh* Ignore folks. I had forgotten about .has_key().
Actually, you don't even need that, simply write:
if record[0] in dict:
# Do your thing.
But don't use dict as a variable name, it's a builtin function name.
On Dec 28, 2007 11:22 AM, doug shawhan [EMAIL PROTECTED]
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I'm building a dictionary from a list with ~ 1M records.
Each record in the list is itself a list.
Each record in the list has a line number, (index 0) which I wish
to use as a dictionary key.
The problem: It is possible for two different records in the list
to share this line number. If they do, I want to append the record
to the value in the dictionary.
The obvious (lazy) method of searching for doubled lines requires
building and parsing a key list for every record. There must be a
better way!
dict = {}
for record in list
if record[0] in dict.keys ():
dict[ record[0] ].append( record )
else:
dict[ record[0] ] = [record]
Once you get ~ 80,000 records it starts slowing down pretty badly
(I would too ...).
Here's hoping there is a really fast, pythonic way of doing this!
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Re: [Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
first thing.. you are duplicating a lot of effort inside your loops. getting
rid of that will speed things up:
dict = {}
for record in list:
rid = record[0]
if rid in dict:
dict[ rid ].append( record )
else:
dict[ rid ] = [record]
The other thing I see isn't a speed problem. You are overwriting two python
built-in types when you use variables named list and dict. You probably
want to avoid doing this, because someday yuou want to use the built-ins, and
you code wil exhibit goofy errors when you try.
The only thing I can suggest that might speed it up more is to use a set type
instead of a list, if the ordering doesn't matter to you. I've seen that
change result in 20-30 percent speedups, but YMMV. If you can't start with a
set, you can create a new one by passing the list to the set constructor.
This may or may not help you speedwise, but try it out.
You could play around with psyco, but I don't know if it would help much in
this case.
Chris
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Re: [Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
This functionality already exists in the ever so useful defaultdict object.
You pass a factory method to the constructor of defaultdict for an object,
and it returns a new object when there is no key:
from collections import defaultdict
mydict = defaultdict(list)
for record in mylist:
mydict[ record[0] ].append( record )
defaultdict is usually good enough for datasets I've used it for.
--Michael
On 12/28/07, doug shawhan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
*sigh* Ignore folks. I had forgotten about .has_key().
On Dec 28, 2007 11:22 AM, doug shawhan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I'm building a dictionary from a list with ~ 1M records.
Each record in the list is itself a list.
Each record in the list has a line number, (index 0) which I wish to use
as a dictionary key.
The problem: It is possible for two different records in the list to
share this line number. If they do, I want to append the record to the value
in the dictionary.
The obvious (lazy) method of searching for doubled lines requires
building and parsing a key list for every record. There must be a better
way!
dict = {}
for record in list
if record[0] in dict.keys ():
dict[ record[0] ].append( record )
else:
dict[ record[0] ] = [record]
Once you get ~ 80,000 records it starts slowing down pretty badly (I
would too ...).
Here's hoping there is a really fast, pythonic way of doing this!
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Phone: 404-386-0495
Consulting: http://www.RowdyLabs.com
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Re: [Tutor] Tutor] Careful Dictionary Building
doug shawhan wrote:
To help performance a bit, don't call dict.keys() on every iteration,
since you're invoking a function.
dict = {}
allKeys =dict.Keys
Should be dict.keys()
for record in list
if record[0] in allKeys:
dict[ record[0] .append( record ) ]
Should be
dict[record[0]].append(record)
else:
dict[ record[0] ] = [record]
allKeys = dict.Keys()# this function is
only invoked some of the time, not on every iteration
So you only create the list of keys when it changes; that may speed up
the loop, depending on how many duplicates there are. But there are two
big problems with the original program - it creates a new list of keys
each time through the loop, and it searches for a key in the list
instead of looking it up directly in the dict. Your change may cut down
on the number of times the key list is created but it will not improve
the search time at all.
In other words, you are making modest improvements to a broken
algorithm; a better fix is to use a better algorithm.
Kent
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Re: [Tutor] How to stop a script.
Ctrl+c will issue a KeyboardInterrupt which breaks out of programs such as the one you described. (The only situation it doesn't is when the program catches that exception. You won't see that 'til you get your sea legs ;-) ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Fwd: How to stop a script.
Thanks, I will keep that in mind the next time I experiment. :-P -Ian -- Forwarded message -- From: Tiger12506 [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Dec 28, 2007 5:42 PM Subject: Re: [Tutor] How to stop a script. To: tutor@python.org Ctrl+c will issue a KeyboardInterrupt which breaks out of programs such as the one you described. (The only situation it doesn't is when the program catches that exception. You won't see that 'til you get your sea legs ;-) ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
