http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
index def21bf..c204e0a 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemKeyspace.java
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.*;
@@ -84,8 +85,6 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     // Cassandra was not previously installed and we're in the process of 
starting a fresh node.
     public static final CassandraVersion NULL_VERSION = new 
CassandraVersion("0.0.0-absent");
 
-    public static final String NAME = "system";
-
     public static final String BATCHES = "batches";
     public static final String PAXOS = "paxos";
     public static final String BUILT_INDEXES = "IndexInfo";
@@ -432,13 +431,13 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
 
     private static CFMetaData compile(String name, String description, String 
schema)
     {
-        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), NAME)
+        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME)
                          .comment(description);
     }
 
     public static KeyspaceMetadata metadata()
     {
-        return KeyspaceMetadata.create(NAME, KeyspaceParams.local(), tables(), 
Views.none(), Types.none(), functions());
+        return KeyspaceMetadata.create(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
KeyspaceParams.local(), tables(), Views.none(), Types.none(), functions());
     }
 
     private static Tables tables()
@@ -557,14 +556,14 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     public static boolean isViewBuilt(String keyspaceName, String viewName)
     {
         String req = "SELECT view_name FROM %s.\"%s\" WHERE keyspace_name=? 
AND view_name=?";
-        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, 
BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName);
+        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName);
         return !result.isEmpty();
     }
 
     public static boolean isViewStatusReplicated(String keyspaceName, String 
viewName)
     {
         String req = "SELECT status_replicated FROM %s.\"%s\" WHERE 
keyspace_name=? AND view_name=?";
-        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, 
BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName);
+        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName);
 
         if (result.isEmpty())
             return false;
@@ -575,18 +574,18 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     public static void setViewBuilt(String keyspaceName, String viewName, 
boolean replicated)
     {
         String req = "INSERT INTO %s.\"%s\" (keyspace_name, view_name, 
status_replicated) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
-        executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, 
viewName, replicated);
+        executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName, 
replicated);
         forceBlockingFlush(BUILT_VIEWS);
     }
 
     public static void setViewRemoved(String keyspaceName, String viewName)
     {
         String buildReq = "DELETE FROM %S.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
view_name = ?";
-        executeInternal(String.format(buildReq, NAME, 
VIEWS_BUILDS_IN_PROGRESS), keyspaceName, viewName);
+        executeInternal(String.format(buildReq, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEWS_BUILDS_IN_PROGRESS), keyspaceName, 
viewName);
         forceBlockingFlush(VIEWS_BUILDS_IN_PROGRESS);
 
         String builtReq = "DELETE FROM %s.\"%s\" WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
view_name = ?";
-        executeInternal(String.format(builtReq, NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), 
keyspaceName, viewName);
+        executeInternal(String.format(builtReq, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_VIEWS), keyspaceName, viewName);
         forceBlockingFlush(BUILT_VIEWS);
     }
 
@@ -814,7 +813,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     public static void forceBlockingFlush(String cfname)
     {
         if (!Boolean.getBoolean("cassandra.unsafesystem"))
-            
FBUtilities.waitOnFuture(Keyspace.open(NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(cfname).forceFlush());
+            
FBUtilities.waitOnFuture(Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(cfname).forceFlush());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -930,7 +929,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
         Keyspace keyspace;
         try
         {
-            keyspace = Keyspace.open(NAME);
+            keyspace = Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME);
         }
         catch (AssertionError err)
         {
@@ -1041,21 +1040,21 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     public static boolean isIndexBuilt(String keyspaceName, String indexName)
     {
         String req = "SELECT index_name FROM %s.\"%s\" WHERE table_name=? AND 
index_name=?";
-        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, 
BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, indexName);
+        UntypedResultSet result = executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, indexName);
         return !result.isEmpty();
     }
 
     public static void setIndexBuilt(String keyspaceName, String indexName)
     {
         String req = "INSERT INTO %s.\"%s\" (table_name, index_name) VALUES 
(?, ?)";
-        executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, 
indexName);
+        executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, indexName);
         forceBlockingFlush(BUILT_INDEXES);
     }
 
     public static void setIndexRemoved(String keyspaceName, String indexName)
     {
         String req = "DELETE FROM %s.\"%s\" WHERE table_name = ? AND 
index_name = ?";
-        executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, 
indexName);
+        executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, indexName);
         forceBlockingFlush(BUILT_INDEXES);
     }
 
@@ -1063,7 +1062,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     {
         List<String> names = new ArrayList<>(indexNames);
         String req = "SELECT index_name from %s.\"%s\" WHERE table_name=? AND 
index_name IN ?";
-        UntypedResultSet results = executeInternal(String.format(req, NAME, 
BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, names);
+        UntypedResultSet results = executeInternal(String.format(req, 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, BUILT_INDEXES), keyspaceName, names);
         return StreamSupport.stream(results.spliterator(), false)
                             .map(r -> r.getString("index_name"))
                             .collect(Collectors.toList());
@@ -1273,7 +1272,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
      */
     public static void clearSizeEstimates(String keyspace, String table)
     {
-        String cql = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? 
AND table_name = ?", NAME, SIZE_ESTIMATES);
+        String cql = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? 
AND table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, SIZE_ESTIMATES);
         executeInternal(cql, keyspace, table);
     }
 
@@ -1306,7 +1305,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
 
     public static void resetAvailableRanges()
     {
-        ColumnFamilyStore availableRanges = 
Keyspace.open(NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(AVAILABLE_RANGES);
+        ColumnFamilyStore availableRanges = 
Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(AVAILABLE_RANGES);
         availableRanges.truncateBlocking();
     }
 
@@ -1363,7 +1362,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
             String snapshotName = 
Keyspace.getTimestampedSnapshotName(String.format("upgrade-%s-%s",
                                                                                
     previous,
                                                                                
     next));
-            Keyspace systemKs = Keyspace.open(SystemKeyspace.NAME);
+            Keyspace systemKs = 
Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME);
             systemKs.snapshot(snapshotName, null);
             return true;
         }
@@ -1392,7 +1391,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
             // the current version is. If we couldn't read a previous version 
from system.local we check for
             // the existence of the legacy system.Versions table. We don't 
actually attempt to read a version
             // from there, but it informs us that this isn't a completely new 
node.
-            for (File dataDirectory : 
Directories.getKSChildDirectories(SystemKeyspace.NAME))
+            for (File dataDirectory : 
Directories.getKSChildDirectories(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME))
             {
                 if (dataDirectory.getName().equals("Versions") && 
dataDirectory.listFiles().length > 0)
                 {
@@ -1474,7 +1473,7 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     {
         executeInternal(String.format("INSERT INTO %s.%s"
                                       + " (logged_keyspace, prepared_id, 
query_string) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
-                                      NAME, PREPARED_STATEMENTS),
+                                      SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
PREPARED_STATEMENTS),
                         loggedKeyspace, key.byteBuffer(), cql);
         logger.debug("stored prepared statement for logged keyspace '{}': 
'{}'", loggedKeyspace, cql);
     }
@@ -1483,13 +1482,13 @@ public final class SystemKeyspace
     {
         executeInternal(String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s"
                                       + " WHERE prepared_id = ?",
-                                      NAME, PREPARED_STATEMENTS),
+                                      SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
PREPARED_STATEMENTS),
                         key.byteBuffer());
     }
 
     public static List<Pair<String, String>> loadPreparedStatements()
     {
-        String query = String.format("SELECT logged_keyspace, query_string 
FROM %s.%s", NAME, PREPARED_STATEMENTS);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT logged_keyspace, query_string 
FROM %s.%s", SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, PREPARED_STATEMENTS);
         UntypedResultSet resultSet = executeOnceInternal(query);
         List<Pair<String, String>> r = new ArrayList<>();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : resultSet)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/commitlog/CommitLogReplayer.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/commitlog/CommitLogReplayer.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/commitlog/CommitLogReplayer.java
index 92364c8..32ea0e9 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/commitlog/CommitLogReplayer.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/commitlog/CommitLogReplayer.java
@@ -39,7 +39,11 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.Stage;
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.StageManager;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
-import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.Keyspace;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.Mutation;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.SystemKeyspace;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.partitions.PartitionUpdate;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.SSTableReader;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ public class CommitLogReplayer implements 
CommitLogReadHandler
         List<Future<?>> futures = new ArrayList<Future<?>>();
         for (Keyspace keyspace : keyspacesReplayed)
         {
-            if (keyspace.getName().equals(SystemKeyspace.NAME))
+            if 
(keyspace.getName().equals(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME))
                 flushingSystem = true;
 
             futures.addAll(keyspace.flush());
@@ -163,7 +167,7 @@ public class CommitLogReplayer implements 
CommitLogReadHandler
 
         // also flush batchlog incase of any MV updates
         if (!flushingSystem)
-            
futures.add(Keyspace.open(SystemKeyspace.NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(SystemKeyspace.BATCHES).forceFlush());
+            
futures.add(Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(SystemKeyspace.BATCHES).forceFlush());
 
         FBUtilities.waitOnFutures(futures);
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hadoop/cql3/CqlInputFormat.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hadoop/cql3/CqlInputFormat.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hadoop/cql3/CqlInputFormat.java
index 5dba3e2..5e47ed5 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hadoop/cql3/CqlInputFormat.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hadoop/cql3/CqlInputFormat.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import com.datastax.driver.core.Row;
 import com.datastax.driver.core.Session;
 import com.datastax.driver.core.TokenRange;
 
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ public class CqlInputFormat extends 
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputFormat<Long
         String query = String.format("SELECT mean_partition_size, 
partitions_count " +
                                      "FROM %s.%s " +
                                      "WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND table_name = 
? AND range_start = ? AND range_end = ?",
-                                     SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                                     SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                      SystemKeyspace.SIZE_ESTIMATES);
 
         ResultSet resultSet = session.execute(query, keyspace, table, 
tokenRange.getStart().toString(), tokenRange.getEnd().toString());

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/HintsDispatcher.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/HintsDispatcher.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/HintsDispatcher.java
index 00ef52b..478a76b 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/HintsDispatcher.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/HintsDispatcher.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import java.util.function.Function;
 
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;
 
-import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.net.IAsyncCallbackWithFailure;
 import org.apache.cassandra.net.MessageIn;
 import org.apache.cassandra.net.MessagingService;
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ final class HintsDispatcher implements AutoCloseable
 
         Outcome await()
         {
-            long timeout = 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(DatabaseDescriptor.getTimeout(MessagingService.Verb.HINT))
 - (System.nanoTime() - start);
+            long timeout = 
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(MessagingService.Verb.HINT.getTimeout()) - 
(System.nanoTime() - start);
             boolean timedOut;
 
             try

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/LegacyHintsMigrator.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/LegacyHintsMigrator.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/LegacyHintsMigrator.java
index 93c1193..50d8b6e 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/LegacyHintsMigrator.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/hints/LegacyHintsMigrator.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         this.hintsDirectory = hintsDirectory;
         this.maxHintsFileSize = maxHintsFileSize;
 
-        legacyHintsTable = 
Keyspace.open(SystemKeyspace.NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
+        legacyHintsTable = 
Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
         pageSize = calculatePageSize(legacyHintsTable);
     }
 
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         logger.info("Migrating legacy hints to new storage");
 
         // major-compact all of the existing sstables to get rid of the 
tombstones + expired hints
-        logger.info("Forcing a major compaction of {}.{} table", 
SystemKeyspace.NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
+        logger.info("Forcing a major compaction of {}.{} table", 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
         compactLegacyHints();
 
         // paginate over legacy hints and write them to the new storage
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         migrateLegacyHints();
 
         // truncate the legacy hints table
-        logger.info("Truncating {}.{} table", SystemKeyspace.NAME, 
SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
+        logger.info("Truncating {}.{} table", 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
         legacyHintsTable.truncateBlocking();
     }
 
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
     private void migrateLegacyHints()
     {
         ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(256 * 1024);
-        String query = String.format("SELECT DISTINCT target_id FROM %s.%s", 
SystemKeyspace.NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT DISTINCT target_id FROM %s.%s", 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
         //noinspection ConstantConditions
         QueryProcessor.executeInternal(query).forEach(row -> 
migrateLegacyHints(row.getUUID("target_id"), buffer));
         FileUtils.clean(buffer);
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         String query = String.format("SELECT target_id, hint_id, 
message_version, mutation, ttl(mutation) AS ttl, writeTime(mutation) AS 
write_time " +
                                      "FROM %s.%s " +
                                      "WHERE target_id = ?",
-                                     SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                                     SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                      SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS);
 
         // read all the old hints (paged iterator), write them in the new 
format
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         {
             logger.error("Failed to migrate a hint for {} from legacy {}.{} 
table",
                          row.getUUID("target_id"),
-                         SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                         SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                          SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS,
                          e);
             return null;
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ public final class LegacyHintsMigrator
         {
             logger.warn("Failed to validate a hint for {} from legacy {}.{} 
table - skipping",
                         row.getUUID("target_id"),
-                        SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                        SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                         SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_HINTS,
                         e);
             return null;

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/compress/DeflateCompressor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/compress/DeflateCompressor.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/compress/DeflateCompressor.java
index f2ccd64..a2ed65c 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/compress/DeflateCompressor.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/compress/DeflateCompressor.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  */
 package org.apache.cassandra.io.compress;
 
-import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
+import org.apache.cassandra.schema.CompressionParams;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
@@ -32,6 +32,20 @@ public class DeflateCompressor implements ICompressor
 {
     public static final DeflateCompressor instance = new DeflateCompressor();
 
+    private static final ThreadLocal<byte[]> threadLocalScratchBuffer = new 
ThreadLocal<byte[]>()
+    {
+        @Override
+        protected byte[] initialValue()
+        {
+            return new byte[CompressionParams.DEFAULT_CHUNK_LENGTH];
+        }
+    };
+
+    public static byte[] getThreadLocalScratchBuffer()
+    {
+        return threadLocalScratchBuffer.get();
+    }
+
     private final ThreadLocal<Deflater> deflater;
     private final ThreadLocal<Inflater> inflater;
 
@@ -104,7 +118,7 @@ public class DeflateCompressor implements ICompressor
         Deflater def = deflater.get();
         def.reset();
 
-        byte[] buffer = FBUtilities.getThreadLocalScratchBuffer();
+        byte[] buffer = getThreadLocalScratchBuffer();
         // Use half the buffer for input, half for output.
         int chunkLen = buffer.length / 2;
         while (input.remaining() > chunkLen)
@@ -149,7 +163,7 @@ public class DeflateCompressor implements ICompressor
             Inflater inf = inflater.get();
             inf.reset();
 
-            byte[] buffer = FBUtilities.getThreadLocalScratchBuffer();
+            byte[] buffer = getThreadLocalScratchBuffer();
             // Use half the buffer for input, half for output.
             int chunkLen = buffer.length / 2;
             while (input.remaining() > chunkLen)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter.java
index 10b4caa..f989878 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter.java
@@ -25,14 +25,10 @@ import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
-import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
-import org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.OperationType;
-import org.apache.cassandra.db.lifecycle.LifecycleTransaction;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.rows.EncodingStats;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.partitions.PartitionUpdate;
 import org.apache.cassandra.dht.IPartitioner;
-import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.RangeAwareSSTableWriter;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.SSTableFormat;
 import org.apache.cassandra.service.ActiveRepairService;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Pair;
@@ -45,7 +41,7 @@ abstract class AbstractSSTableSimpleWriter implements 
Closeable
     protected final ColumnFamilyStore cfs;
     protected final IPartitioner partitioner;
     protected final PartitionColumns columns;
-    protected SSTableFormat.Type formatType = 
DatabaseDescriptor.getSSTableFormat();
+    protected SSTableFormat.Type formatType = SSTableFormat.Type.current();
     protected static AtomicInteger generation = new AtomicInteger(0);
     protected boolean makeRangeAware = false;
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/Descriptor.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/Descriptor.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/Descriptor.java
index 13611a6..3848771 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/Descriptor.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/Descriptor.java
@@ -61,6 +61,15 @@ public class Descriptor
     private final int hashCode;
 
     /**
+     * A descriptor that assumes CURRENT_VERSION.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public Descriptor(File directory, String ksname, String cfname, int 
generation)
+    {
+        this(SSTableFormat.Type.current().info.getLatestVersion(), directory, 
ksname, cfname, generation, SSTableFormat.Type.current(), null);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Constructor for sstable writers only.
      */
     public Descriptor(File directory, String ksname, String cfname, int 
generation, SSTableFormat.Type formatType)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableFormat.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableFormat.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableFormat.java
index a3f7520..4391946 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableFormat.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableFormat.java
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ public interface SSTableFormat
         public final SSTableFormat info;
         public final String name;
 
+        public static Type current()
+        {
+            return BIG;
+        }
+
         private Type(String name, SSTableFormat info)
         {
             //Since format comes right after generation

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableReader.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableReader.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableReader.java
index 32d3156..6c2243b 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableReader.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/io/sstable/format/SSTableReader.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Config;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.filter.ColumnFilter;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.rows.EncodingStats;
@@ -136,11 +137,18 @@ public abstract class SSTableReader extends SSTable 
implements SelfRefCounted<SS
 {
     private static final Logger logger = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(SSTableReader.class);
 
-    private static final ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor syncExecutor = new 
ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
-    static
+    private static final ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor syncExecutor = 
initSyncExecutor();
+    private static ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor initSyncExecutor()
     {
+        if (Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
+            return null;
+
+        // Do NOT start this thread pool in client mode
+
+        ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor syncExecutor = new 
ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
         // Immediately remove readMeter sync task when cancelled.
         syncExecutor.setRemoveOnCancelPolicy(true);
+        return syncExecutor;
     }
     private static final RateLimiter meterSyncThrottle = 
RateLimiter.create(100.0);
 
@@ -2205,7 +2213,8 @@ public abstract class SSTableReader extends SSTable 
implements SelfRefCounted<SS
 
             // Don't track read rates for tables in the system keyspace and 
don't bother trying to load or persist
             // the read meter when in client mode.
-            if (Schema.isSystemKeyspace(desc.ksname))
+            // Also, do not track read rates when running in client or tools 
mode (syncExecuter isn't available in these modes)
+            if (SchemaConstants.isSystemKeyspace(desc.ksname) || 
Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
             {
                 readMeter = null;
                 readMeterSyncFuture = NULL;

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/locator/DynamicEndpointSnitch.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/locator/DynamicEndpointSnitch.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/locator/DynamicEndpointSnitch.java
index de0cdde..ba587f3 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/locator/DynamicEndpointSnitch.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/locator/DynamicEndpointSnitch.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import javax.management.MBeanServer;
 import javax.management.ObjectName;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.ScheduledExecutors;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.Config;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.gms.ApplicationState;
 import org.apache.cassandra.gms.EndpointState;
@@ -100,9 +101,13 @@ public class DynamicEndpointSnitch extends 
AbstractEndpointSnitch implements ILa
                 reset();
             }
         };
-        updateSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(update, 
dynamicUpdateInterval, dynamicUpdateInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-        resetSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(reset, 
dynamicResetInterval, dynamicResetInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-        registerMBean();
+
+        if (!Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
+        {
+            updateSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(update, 
dynamicUpdateInterval, dynamicUpdateInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            resetSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(reset, 
dynamicResetInterval, dynamicResetInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            registerMBean();
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -114,15 +119,21 @@ public class DynamicEndpointSnitch extends 
AbstractEndpointSnitch implements ILa
         if (dynamicUpdateInterval != 
DatabaseDescriptor.getDynamicUpdateInterval())
         {
             dynamicUpdateInterval = 
DatabaseDescriptor.getDynamicUpdateInterval();
-            updateSchedular.cancel(false);
-            updateSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(update, 
dynamicUpdateInterval, dynamicUpdateInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            if (!Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
+            {
+                updateSchedular.cancel(false);
+                updateSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(update, 
dynamicUpdateInterval, dynamicUpdateInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
         }
 
         if (dynamicResetInterval != 
DatabaseDescriptor.getDynamicResetInterval())
         {
             dynamicResetInterval = 
DatabaseDescriptor.getDynamicResetInterval();
-            resetSchedular.cancel(false);
-            resetSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(reset, 
dynamicResetInterval, dynamicResetInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            if (!Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
+            {
+                resetSchedular.cancel(false);
+                resetSchedular = 
ScheduledExecutors.scheduledTasks.scheduleWithFixedDelay(reset, 
dynamicResetInterval, dynamicResetInterval, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
         }
 
         dynamicBadnessThreshold = 
DatabaseDescriptor.getDynamicBadnessThreshold();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/metrics/TableMetrics.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/metrics/TableMetrics.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/metrics/TableMetrics.java
index d1d4a3d..f811873 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/metrics/TableMetrics.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/metrics/TableMetrics.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.Keyspace;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.Memtable;
@@ -37,7 +38,6 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.index.SecondaryIndexManager;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.CompressionMetadata;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.SSTableReader;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.metadata.MetadataCollector;
-import org.apache.cassandra.repair.SystemDistributedKeyspace;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.EstimatedHistogram;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.TopKSampler;
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public class TableMetrics
             for (String keyspace : Schema.instance.getNonSystemKeyspaces())
             {
                 Keyspace k = Schema.instance.getKeyspaceInstance(keyspace);
-                if (SystemDistributedKeyspace.NAME.equals(k.getName()))
+                if 
(SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME.equals(k.getName()))
                     continue;
                 if (k.getReplicationStrategy().getReplicationFactor() < 2)
                     continue;

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageIn.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageIn.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageIn.java
index 23b2995..a122b61 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageIn.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageIn.java
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public class MessageIn<T>
 
     public long getTimeout()
     {
-        return DatabaseDescriptor.getTimeout(verb);
+        return verb.getTimeout();
     }
 
     public long getSlowQueryTimeout()

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageOut.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageOut.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageOut.java
index 77f0d55..a088335 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageOut.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessageOut.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.Stage;
-import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.TypeSizes;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.IVersionedSerializer;
 import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.DataOutputBuffer;
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ public class MessageOut<T>
 
     public long getTimeout()
     {
-        return DatabaseDescriptor.getTimeout(verb);
+        return verb.getTimeout();
     }
 
     public String toString()

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessagingService.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessagingService.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessagingService.java
index 243bf0c..459c7e6 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessagingService.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/net/MessagingService.java
@@ -107,16 +107,58 @@ public final class MessagingService implements 
MessagingServiceMBean
     /* All verb handler identifiers */
     public enum Verb
     {
-        MUTATION,
-        HINT,
-        READ_REPAIR,
-        READ,
+        MUTATION
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        HINT
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        READ_REPAIR
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        READ
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getReadRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
         REQUEST_RESPONSE, // client-initiated reads and writes
-        BATCH_STORE,  // was @Deprecated STREAM_INITIATE,
-        BATCH_REMOVE, // was @Deprecated STREAM_INITIATE_DONE,
+        BATCH_STORE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },  // was @Deprecated STREAM_INITIATE,
+        BATCH_REMOVE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        }, // was @Deprecated STREAM_INITIATE_DONE,
         @Deprecated STREAM_REPLY,
         @Deprecated STREAM_REQUEST,
-        RANGE_SLICE,
+        RANGE_SLICE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getRangeRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
         @Deprecated BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN,
         @Deprecated TREE_REQUEST,
         @Deprecated TREE_RESPONSE,
@@ -126,12 +168,24 @@ public final class MessagingService implements 
MessagingServiceMBean
         GOSSIP_DIGEST_ACK2,
         @Deprecated DEFINITIONS_ANNOUNCE,
         DEFINITIONS_UPDATE,
-        TRUNCATE,
+        TRUNCATE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getTruncateRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
         SCHEMA_CHECK,
         @Deprecated INDEX_SCAN,
         REPLICATION_FINISHED,
         INTERNAL_RESPONSE, // responses to internal calls
-        COUNTER_MUTATION,
+        COUNTER_MUTATION
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getCounterWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
         @Deprecated STREAMING_REPAIR_REQUEST,
         @Deprecated STREAMING_REPAIR_RESPONSE,
         SNAPSHOT, // Similar to nt snapshot
@@ -140,10 +194,34 @@ public final class MessagingService implements 
MessagingServiceMBean
         _TRACE, // dummy verb so we can use MS.droppedMessagesMap
         ECHO,
         REPAIR_MESSAGE,
-        PAXOS_PREPARE,
-        PAXOS_PROPOSE,
-        PAXOS_COMMIT,
-        @Deprecated PAGED_RANGE,
+        PAXOS_PREPARE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        PAXOS_PROPOSE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        PAXOS_COMMIT
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getWriteRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
+        @Deprecated PAGED_RANGE
+        {
+            public long getTimeout()
+            {
+                return DatabaseDescriptor.getRangeRpcTimeout();
+            }
+        },
         // remember to add new verbs at the end, since we serialize by ordinal
         UNUSED_1,
         UNUSED_2,
@@ -161,6 +239,11 @@ public final class MessagingService implements 
MessagingServiceMBean
 
             return verb;
         }
+
+        public long getTimeout()
+        {
+            return DatabaseDescriptor.getRpcTimeout();
+        }
     }
 
     public static final Verb[] verbValues = Verb.values();

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/RepairRunnable.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/RepairRunnable.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/RepairRunnable.java
index a34401a..9c00025 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/RepairRunnable.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/RepairRunnable.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.JMXConfigurableThreadPoolExecutor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.NamedThreadFactory;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryOptions;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ public class RepairRunnable extends WrappedRunnable 
implements ProgressEventNoti
                     throw new Exception("no tracestate");
 
                 String format = "select event_id, source, activity from %s.%s 
where session_id = ? and event_id > ? and event_id < ?;";
-                String query = String.format(format, TraceKeyspace.NAME, 
TraceKeyspace.EVENTS);
+                String query = String.format(format, 
SchemaConstants.TRACE_KEYSPACE_NAME, TraceKeyspace.EVENTS);
                 SelectStatement statement = (SelectStatement) 
QueryProcessor.parseStatement(query).prepare().statement;
 
                 ByteBuffer sessionIdBytes = ByteBufferUtil.bytes(sessionId);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/SystemDistributedKeyspace.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/SystemDistributedKeyspace.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/SystemDistributedKeyspace.java
index fbbc125..43fc586 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/SystemDistributedKeyspace.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/repair/SystemDistributedKeyspace.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.ConsistencyLevel;
@@ -60,8 +61,6 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
 
     private static final Logger logger = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(SystemDistributedKeyspace.class);
 
-    public static final String NAME = "system_distributed";
-
     public static final String REPAIR_HISTORY = "repair_history";
 
     public static final String PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY = "parent_repair_history";
@@ -115,13 +114,13 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
 
     private static CFMetaData compile(String name, String description, String 
schema)
     {
-        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), NAME)
+        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME)
                          .comment(description);
     }
 
     public static KeyspaceMetadata metadata()
     {
-        return KeyspaceMetadata.create(NAME, KeyspaceParams.simple(3), 
Tables.of(RepairHistory, ParentRepairHistory, ViewBuildStatus));
+        return 
KeyspaceMetadata.create(SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
KeyspaceParams.simple(3), Tables.of(RepairHistory, ParentRepairHistory, 
ViewBuildStatus));
     }
 
     public static void startParentRepair(UUID parent_id, String keyspaceName, 
String[] cfnames, RepairOption options)
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
         String query = "INSERT INTO %s.%s (parent_id, keyspace_name, 
columnfamily_names, requested_ranges, started_at,          options)"+
                                  " VALUES (%s,        '%s',          { '%s' }, 
          { '%s' },          toTimestamp(now()), { %s })";
         String fmtQry = String.format(query,
-                                      NAME,
+                                      
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                       PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY,
                                       parent_id.toString(),
                                       keyspaceName,
@@ -165,14 +164,14 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
         StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
         PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
         t.printStackTrace(pw);
-        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, NAME, PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY, 
parent_id.toString());
+        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY, 
parent_id.toString());
         processSilent(fmtQuery, t.getMessage(), sw.toString());
     }
 
     public static void successfulParentRepair(UUID parent_id, 
Collection<Range<Token>> successfulRanges)
     {
         String query = "UPDATE %s.%s SET finished_at = toTimestamp(now()), 
successful_ranges = {'%s'} WHERE parent_id=%s";
-        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, NAME, PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY, 
Joiner.on("','").join(successfulRanges), parent_id.toString());
+        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, PARENT_REPAIR_HISTORY, 
Joiner.on("','").join(successfulRanges), parent_id.toString());
         processSilent(fmtQuery);
     }
 
@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
         {
             for (Range<Token> range : ranges)
             {
-                String fmtQry = String.format(query, NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
+                String fmtQry = String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
                                               keyspaceName,
                                               cfname,
                                               id.toString(),
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
     public static void successfulRepairJob(UUID id, String keyspaceName, 
String cfname)
     {
         String query = "UPDATE %s.%s SET status = '%s', finished_at = 
toTimestamp(now()) WHERE keyspace_name = '%s' AND columnfamily_name = '%s' AND 
id = %s";
-        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
+        String fmtQuery = String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
                                         RepairState.SUCCESS.toString(),
                                         keyspaceName,
                                         cfname,
@@ -230,18 +229,18 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
         StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
         PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
         t.printStackTrace(pw);
-        String fmtQry = String.format(query, NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
-                RepairState.FAILED.toString(),
-                keyspaceName,
-                cfname,
-                id.toString());
+        String fmtQry = String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, REPAIR_HISTORY,
+                                      RepairState.FAILED.toString(),
+                                      keyspaceName,
+                                      cfname,
+                                      id.toString());
         processSilent(fmtQry, t.getMessage(), sw.toString());
     }
 
     public static void startViewBuild(String keyspace, String view, UUID 
hostId)
     {
         String query = "INSERT INTO %s.%s (keyspace_name, view_name, host_id, 
status) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)";
-        QueryProcessor.process(String.format(query, NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
+        QueryProcessor.process(String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
                                ConsistencyLevel.ONE,
                                Lists.newArrayList(bytes(keyspace),
                                                   bytes(view),
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
     public static void successfulViewBuild(String keyspace, String view, UUID 
hostId)
     {
         String query = "UPDATE %s.%s SET status = ? WHERE keyspace_name = ? 
AND view_name = ? AND host_id = ?";
-        QueryProcessor.process(String.format(query, NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
+        QueryProcessor.process(String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
                                ConsistencyLevel.ONE,
                                
Lists.newArrayList(bytes(BuildStatus.SUCCESS.toString()),
                                                   bytes(keyspace),
@@ -266,7 +265,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
         UntypedResultSet results;
         try
         {
-            results = QueryProcessor.execute(String.format(query, NAME, 
VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
+            results = QueryProcessor.execute(String.format(query, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS),
                                              ConsistencyLevel.ONE,
                                              keyspace,
                                              view);
@@ -286,7 +285,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
     public static void setViewRemoved(String keyspaceName, String viewName)
     {
         String buildReq = "DELETE FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
view_name = ?";
-        QueryProcessor.executeInternal(String.format(buildReq, NAME, 
VIEW_BUILD_STATUS), keyspaceName, viewName);
+        QueryProcessor.executeInternal(String.format(buildReq, 
SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEW_BUILD_STATUS), keyspaceName, 
viewName);
         forceBlockingFlush(VIEW_BUILD_STATUS);
     }
 
@@ -310,7 +309,7 @@ public final class SystemDistributedKeyspace
     public static void forceBlockingFlush(String table)
     {
         if (!Boolean.getBoolean("cassandra.unsafesystem"))
-            
FBUtilities.waitOnFuture(Keyspace.open(NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(table).forceFlush());
+            
FBUtilities.waitOnFuture(Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.DISTRIBUTED_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(table).forceFlush());
     }
 
     private enum RepairState

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/KeyspaceMetadata.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/KeyspaceMetadata.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/KeyspaceMetadata.java
index e6f7754..4fefd44 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/KeyspaceMetadata.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/KeyspaceMetadata.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.google.common.base.Objects;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
-import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.ViewDefinition;
 import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.ConfigurationException;
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ public final class KeyspaceMetadata
         if (!CFMetaData.isNameValid(name))
             throw new ConfigurationException(String.format("Keyspace name must 
not be empty, more than %s characters long, "
                                                            + "or contain 
non-alphanumeric-underscore characters (got \"%s\")",
-                                                           Schema.NAME_LENGTH,
+                                                           
SchemaConstants.NAME_LENGTH,
                                                            name));
         params.validate(name);
         tablesAndViews().forEach(CFMetaData::validate);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaMigrator.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaMigrator.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaMigrator.java
index ec50a39..05233bd 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaMigrator.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/LegacySchemaMigrator.java
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
         // write metadata to the new schema tables
         logger.info("Moving {} keyspaces from legacy schema tables to the new 
schema keyspace ({})",
                     keyspaces.size(),
-                    SchemaKeyspace.NAME);
+                    SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME);
         
keyspaces.forEach(LegacySchemaMigrator::storeKeyspaceInNewSchemaTables);
         
keyspaces.forEach(LegacySchemaMigrator::migrateBuiltIndexesForKeyspace);
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
 
     static void unloadLegacySchemaTables()
     {
-        KeyspaceMetadata systemKeyspace = 
Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SystemKeyspace.NAME);
+        KeyspaceMetadata systemKeyspace = 
Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME);
 
         Tables systemTables = systemKeyspace.tables;
         for (CFMetaData table : LegacySchemaTables)
@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
      */
     private static Collection<Keyspace> readSchema()
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s", 
SystemKeyspace.NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_KEYSPACES);
+        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s", 
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_KEYSPACES);
         Collection<String> keyspaceNames = new ArrayList<>();
         query(query).forEach(row -> 
keyspaceNames.add(row.getString("keyspace_name")));
-        keyspaceNames.removeAll(Schema.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES);
+        keyspaceNames.removeAll(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES);
 
         Collection<Keyspace> keyspaces = new ArrayList<>();
         keyspaceNames.forEach(name -> keyspaces.add(readKeyspace(name)));
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static long readKeyspaceTimestamp(String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT writeTime(durable_writes) AS timestamp 
FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_KEYSPACES);
         return query(query, keyspaceName).one().getLong("timestamp");
     }
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static KeyspaceParams readKeyspaceParams(String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_KEYSPACES);
         UntypedResultSet.Row row = query(query, keyspaceName).one();
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static Collection<Table> readTables(String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT columnfamily_name FROM %s.%s WHERE 
keyspace_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_COLUMNFAMILIES);
         Collection<String> tableNames = new ArrayList<>();
         query(query, keyspaceName).forEach(row -> 
tableNames.add(row.getString("columnfamily_name")));
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static long readTableTimestamp(String keyspaceName, String 
tableName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT writeTime(type) AS timestamp FROM %s.%s 
WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND columnfamily_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_COLUMNFAMILIES);
         return query(query, keyspaceName, 
tableName).one().getLong("timestamp");
     }
@@ -255,17 +255,17 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static CFMetaData readTableMetadata(String keyspaceName, String 
tableName)
     {
         String tableQuery = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = 
? AND columnfamily_name = ?",
-                                   SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                                   SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                    SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_COLUMNFAMILIES);
         UntypedResultSet.Row tableRow = query(tableQuery, keyspaceName, 
tableName).one();
 
         String columnsQuery = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND columnfamily_name = ?",
-                                     SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                                     SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                      SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_COLUMNS);
         UntypedResultSet columnRows = query(columnsQuery, keyspaceName, 
tableName);
 
         String triggersQuery = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND columnfamily_name = ?",
-                                      SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                                      SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                                       SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_TRIGGERS);
         UntypedResultSet triggerRows = query(triggersQuery, keyspaceName, 
tableName);
 
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static Collection<Type> readTypes(String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT type_name FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_USERTYPES);
         Collection<String> typeNames = new ArrayList<>();
         query(query, keyspaceName).forEach(row -> 
typeNames.add(row.getString("type_name")));
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
      */
     private static long readTypeTimestamp(String keyspaceName, String typeName)
     {
-        ColumnFamilyStore store = 
org.apache.cassandra.db.Keyspace.open(SystemKeyspace.NAME)
+        ColumnFamilyStore store = 
org.apache.cassandra.db.Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME)
                                                                   
.getColumnFamilyStore(SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_USERTYPES);
 
         ClusteringComparator comparator = store.metadata.comparator;
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static UserType readTypeMetadata(String keyspaceName, String 
typeName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
type_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_USERTYPES);
         UntypedResultSet.Row row = query(query, keyspaceName, typeName).one();
 
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static Collection<Function> readFunctions(String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT function_name, signature FROM %s.%s 
WHERE keyspace_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_FUNCTIONS);
         HashMultimap<String, List<String>> functionSignatures = 
HashMultimap.create();
         query(query, keyspaceName).forEach(row -> 
functionSignatures.put(row.getString("function_name"), row.getList("signature", 
UTF8Type.instance)));
@@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
         String query = format("SELECT writeTime(return_type) AS timestamp " +
                               "FROM %s.%s " +
                               "WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND function_name = ? 
AND signature = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_FUNCTIONS);
         return query(query, keyspaceName, functionName, 
signature).one().getLong("timestamp");
     }
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static UDFunction readFunctionMetadata(String keyspaceName, String 
functionName, List<String> signature)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
function_name = ? AND signature = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_FUNCTIONS);
         UntypedResultSet.Row row = query(query, keyspaceName, functionName, 
signature).one();
 
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static Collection<Aggregate> readAggregates(Functions functions, 
String keyspaceName)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT aggregate_name, signature FROM %s.%s 
WHERE keyspace_name = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_AGGREGATES);
         HashMultimap<String, List<String>> aggregateSignatures = 
HashMultimap.create();
         query(query, keyspaceName).forEach(row -> 
aggregateSignatures.put(row.getString("aggregate_name"), 
row.getList("signature", UTF8Type.instance)));
@@ -970,7 +970,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
         String query = format("SELECT writeTime(return_type) AS timestamp " +
                               "FROM %s.%s " +
                               "WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND aggregate_name = ? 
AND signature = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_AGGREGATES);
         return query(query, keyspaceName, aggregateName, 
signature).one().getLong("timestamp");
     }
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ public final class LegacySchemaMigrator
     private static UDAggregate readAggregateMetadata(Functions functions, 
String keyspaceName, String functionName, List<String> signature)
     {
         String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
aggregate_name = ? AND signature = ?",
-                              SystemKeyspace.NAME,
+                              SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
                               SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_AGGREGATES);
         UntypedResultSet.Row row = query(query, keyspaceName, functionName, 
signature).one();
 

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/SchemaKeyspace.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/SchemaKeyspace.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/SchemaKeyspace.java
index 992ddfe..51812fb 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/SchemaKeyspace.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/schema/SchemaKeyspace.java
@@ -68,8 +68,6 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static final boolean FLUSH_SCHEMA_TABLES = 
Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("cassandra.test.flush_local_schema_changes",
 "true"));
 
-    public static final String NAME = "system_schema";
-
     public static final String KEYSPACES = "keyspaces";
     public static final String TABLES = "tables";
     public static final String COLUMNS = "columns";
@@ -237,14 +235,14 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static CFMetaData compile(String name, String description, String 
schema)
     {
-        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), NAME)
+        return CFMetaData.compile(String.format(schema, name), 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME)
                          .comment(description)
                          .gcGraceSeconds((int) TimeUnit.DAYS.toSeconds(7));
     }
 
     public static KeyspaceMetadata metadata()
     {
-        return KeyspaceMetadata.create(NAME, KeyspaceParams.local(), 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Tables.of(ALL_TABLE_METADATA));
+        return KeyspaceMetadata.create(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
KeyspaceParams.local(), 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Tables.of(ALL_TABLE_METADATA));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -252,16 +250,16 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
      */
     public static void saveSystemKeyspacesSchema()
     {
-        KeyspaceMetadata system = 
Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SystemKeyspace.NAME);
-        KeyspaceMetadata schema = Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(NAME);
+        KeyspaceMetadata system = 
Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME);
+        KeyspaceMetadata schema = 
Schema.instance.getKSMetaData(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME);
 
         long timestamp = FBUtilities.timestampMicros();
 
         // delete old, possibly obsolete entries in schema tables
         for (String schemaTable : ALL)
         {
-            String query = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s USING TIMESTAMP ? 
WHERE keyspace_name = ?", NAME, schemaTable);
-            for (String systemKeyspace : Schema.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES)
+            String query = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s USING TIMESTAMP ? 
WHERE keyspace_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, schemaTable);
+            for (String systemKeyspace : SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES)
                 executeOnceInternal(query, timestamp, systemKeyspace);
         }
 
@@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
      */
     private static ColumnFamilyStore getSchemaCFS(String schemaTableName)
     {
-        return Keyspace.open(NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(schemaTableName);
+        return 
Keyspace.open(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME).getColumnFamilyStore(schemaTableName);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -367,7 +365,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
                     Mutation mutation = mutationMap.get(key);
                     if (mutation == null)
                     {
-                        mutation = new Mutation(NAME, key);
+                        mutation = new 
Mutation(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, key);
                         mutationMap.put(key, mutation);
                     }
 
@@ -379,7 +377,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static boolean isSystemKeyspaceSchemaPartition(DecoratedKey 
partitionKey)
     {
-        return 
Schema.isSystemKeyspace(UTF8Type.instance.compose(partitionKey.getKey()));
+        return 
SchemaConstants.isSystemKeyspace(UTF8Type.instance.compose(partitionKey.getKey()));
     }
 
     /*
@@ -419,7 +417,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     public static Mutation.SimpleBuilder 
makeDropKeyspaceMutation(KeyspaceMetadata keyspace, long timestamp)
     {
-        Mutation.SimpleBuilder builder = Mutation.simpleBuilder(NAME, 
decorate(Keyspaces, keyspace.name))
+        Mutation.SimpleBuilder builder = 
Mutation.simpleBuilder(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, 
decorate(Keyspaces, keyspace.name))
                                                  .timestamp(timestamp);
 
         for (CFMetaData schemaTable : ALL_TABLE_METADATA)
@@ -850,12 +848,12 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     public static Keyspaces fetchNonSystemKeyspaces()
     {
-        return fetchKeyspacesWithout(Schema.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES);
+        return fetchKeyspacesWithout(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAMES);
     }
 
     private static Keyspaces fetchKeyspacesWithout(Set<String> 
excludedKeyspaceNames)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s", NAME, 
KEYSPACES);
+        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s", 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, KEYSPACES);
 
         Keyspaces.Builder keyspaces = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Keyspaces.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query))
@@ -873,7 +871,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
          * We know the keyspace names we are going to query, but we still want 
to run the SELECT IN
          * query, to filter out the keyspaces that had been dropped by the 
applied mutation set.
          */
-        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s WHERE 
keyspace_name IN ?", NAME, KEYSPACES);
+        String query = format("SELECT keyspace_name FROM %s.%s WHERE 
keyspace_name IN ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, KEYSPACES);
 
         Keyspaces.Builder keyspaces = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Keyspaces.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, new 
ArrayList<>(includedKeyspaceNames)))
@@ -893,7 +891,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static KeyspaceParams fetchKeyspaceParams(String keyspaceName)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
NAME, KEYSPACES);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, KEYSPACES);
 
         UntypedResultSet.Row row = query(query, keyspaceName).one();
         boolean durableWrites = 
row.getBoolean(KeyspaceParams.Option.DURABLE_WRITES.toString());
@@ -903,7 +901,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Types fetchTypes(String keyspaceName)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
NAME, TYPES);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, TYPES);
 
         Types.RawBuilder types = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Types.rawBuilder(keyspaceName);
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspaceName))
@@ -918,7 +916,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Tables fetchTables(String keyspaceName, Types types)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT table_name FROM %s.%s WHERE 
keyspace_name = ?", NAME, TABLES);
+        String query = format("SELECT table_name FROM %s.%s WHERE 
keyspace_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, TABLES);
 
         Tables.Builder tables = org.apache.cassandra.schema.Tables.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspaceName))
@@ -928,7 +926,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static CFMetaData fetchTable(String keyspaceName, String 
tableName, Types types)
     {
-        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", NAME, TABLES);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, TABLES);
         UntypedResultSet rows = query(query, keyspaceName, tableName);
         if (rows.isEmpty())
             throw new RuntimeException(String.format("%s:%s not found in the 
schema definitions keyspace.", keyspaceName, tableName));
@@ -994,7 +992,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static List<ColumnDefinition> fetchColumns(String keyspace, String 
table, Types types)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
table_name = ?", NAME, COLUMNS);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, COLUMNS);
         List<ColumnDefinition> columns = new ArrayList<>();
         query(query, keyspace, table).forEach(row -> 
columns.add(createColumnFromRow(row, types)));
         return columns;
@@ -1021,7 +1019,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Map<ByteBuffer, CFMetaData.DroppedColumn> 
fetchDroppedColumns(String keyspace, String table)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
table_name = ?", NAME, DROPPED_COLUMNS);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ? AND 
table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, DROPPED_COLUMNS);
         Map<ByteBuffer, CFMetaData.DroppedColumn> columns = new HashMap<>();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspace, table))
         {
@@ -1047,7 +1045,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Indexes fetchIndexes(String keyspace, String table)
     {
-        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", NAME, INDEXES);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, INDEXES);
         Indexes.Builder indexes = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Indexes.builder();
         query(query, keyspace, table).forEach(row -> 
indexes.add(createIndexMetadataFromRow(row)));
         return indexes.build();
@@ -1063,7 +1061,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Triggers fetchTriggers(String keyspace, String table)
     {
-        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", NAME, TRIGGERS);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND table_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, TRIGGERS);
         Triggers.Builder triggers = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Triggers.builder();
         query(query, keyspace, table).forEach(row -> 
triggers.add(createTriggerFromRow(row)));
         return triggers.build();
@@ -1078,7 +1076,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Views fetchViews(String keyspaceName, Types types)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT view_name FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ?", NAME, VIEWS);
+        String query = format("SELECT view_name FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEWS);
 
         Views.Builder views = org.apache.cassandra.schema.Views.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspaceName))
@@ -1088,7 +1086,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static ViewDefinition fetchView(String keyspaceName, String 
viewName, Types types)
     {
-        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND view_name = ?", NAME, VIEWS);
+        String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name 
= ? AND view_name = ?", SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, VIEWS);
         UntypedResultSet rows = query(query, keyspaceName, viewName);
         if (rows.isEmpty())
             throw new RuntimeException(String.format("%s:%s not found in the 
schema definitions keyspace.", keyspaceName, viewName));
@@ -1136,7 +1134,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Functions fetchUDFs(String keyspaceName, Types types)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
NAME, FUNCTIONS);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, FUNCTIONS);
 
         Functions.Builder functions = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Functions.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspaceName))
@@ -1197,7 +1195,7 @@ public final class SchemaKeyspace
 
     private static Functions fetchUDAs(String keyspaceName, Functions udfs, 
Types types)
     {
-        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
NAME, AGGREGATES);
+        String query = format("SELECT * FROM %s.%s WHERE keyspace_name = ?", 
SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME, AGGREGATES);
 
         Functions.Builder aggregates = 
org.apache.cassandra.schema.Functions.builder();
         for (UntypedResultSet.Row row : query(query, keyspaceName))

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
index eaf35ac..d18fc82 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/CassandraDaemon.java
@@ -50,11 +50,13 @@ import com.addthis.metrics3.reporter.config.ReporterConfig;
 import com.codahale.metrics.Meter;
 import com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistryListener;
 import com.codahale.metrics.SharedMetricRegistries;
+import org.apache.cassandra.auth.AuthConfig;
 import org.apache.cassandra.batchlog.LegacyBatchlogMigrator;
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.ScheduledExecutors;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.ThreadAwareSecurityManager;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.*;
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
         }
     }
 
-    private static final CassandraDaemon instance = new CassandraDaemon();
+    static final CassandraDaemon instance = new CassandraDaemon();
 
     public Server thriftServer;
     private NativeTransportService nativeTransportService;
@@ -264,7 +266,7 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
         for (String keyspaceName : Schema.instance.getKeyspaces())
         {
             // Skip system as we've already cleaned it
-            if (keyspaceName.equals(SystemKeyspace.NAME))
+            if (keyspaceName.equals(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME))
                 continue;
 
             for (CFMetaData cfm : 
Schema.instance.getTablesAndViews(keyspaceName))
@@ -575,14 +577,7 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
         // Do not put any references to DatabaseDescriptor above the 
forceStaticInitialization call.
         try
         {
-            try
-            {
-                DatabaseDescriptor.forceStaticInitialization();
-            }
-            catch (ExceptionInInitializerError e)
-            {
-                throw e.getCause();
-            }
+            applyConfig();
 
             try
             {
@@ -645,6 +640,12 @@ public class CassandraDaemon
         }
     }
 
+    public void applyConfig()
+    {
+        DatabaseDescriptor.daemonInitialization();
+        AuthConfig.applyAuthz();
+    }
+
     public void startNativeTransport()
     {
         if (nativeTransportService == null)

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/ClientState.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/ClientState.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/ClientState.java
index b131701..b109b67 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/ClientState.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/ClientState.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.config.Config;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryHandler;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.Function;
@@ -41,7 +42,6 @@ import 
org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.InvalidRequestException;
 import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.UnauthorizedException;
 import org.apache.cassandra.schema.SchemaKeyspace;
 import org.apache.cassandra.thrift.ThriftValidation;
-import org.apache.cassandra.tracing.TraceKeyspace;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.JVMStabilityInspector;
 import org.apache.cassandra.utils.CassandraVersion;
@@ -63,11 +63,12 @@ public class ClientState
         // We want these system cfs to be always readable to authenticated 
users since many tools rely on them
         // (nodetool, cqlsh, bulkloader, etc.)
         for (String cf : Arrays.asList(SystemKeyspace.LOCAL, 
SystemKeyspace.PEERS))
-            
READABLE_SYSTEM_RESOURCES.add(DataResource.table(SystemKeyspace.NAME, cf));
+            
READABLE_SYSTEM_RESOURCES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
 cf));
 
-        SchemaKeyspace.ALL.forEach(table -> 
READABLE_SYSTEM_RESOURCES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaKeyspace.NAME, table)));
+        SchemaKeyspace.ALL.forEach(table -> 
READABLE_SYSTEM_RESOURCES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaConstants.SCHEMA_KEYSPACE_NAME,
 table)));
 
-        if (!Config.isClientMode())
+        // neither clients nor tools need authentication/authorization
+        if (!Config.isClientOrToolsMode())
         {
             
PROTECTED_AUTH_RESOURCES.addAll(DatabaseDescriptor.getAuthenticator().protectedResources());
             
PROTECTED_AUTH_RESOURCES.addAll(DatabaseDescriptor.getAuthorizer().protectedResources());
@@ -77,11 +78,11 @@ public class ClientState
         // allow users with sufficient privileges to alter KS level options on 
AUTH_KS and
         // TRACING_KS, and also to drop legacy tables (users, credentials, 
permissions) from
         // AUTH_KS
-        ALTERABLE_SYSTEM_KEYSPACES.add(AuthKeyspace.NAME);
-        ALTERABLE_SYSTEM_KEYSPACES.add(TraceKeyspace.NAME);
-        DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(AuthKeyspace.NAME, 
PasswordAuthenticator.LEGACY_CREDENTIALS_TABLE));
-        DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(AuthKeyspace.NAME, 
CassandraRoleManager.LEGACY_USERS_TABLE));
-        DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(AuthKeyspace.NAME, 
CassandraAuthorizer.USER_PERMISSIONS));
+        ALTERABLE_SYSTEM_KEYSPACES.add(SchemaConstants.AUTH_KEYSPACE_NAME);
+        ALTERABLE_SYSTEM_KEYSPACES.add(SchemaConstants.TRACE_KEYSPACE_NAME);
+        
DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaConstants.AUTH_KEYSPACE_NAME,
 PasswordAuthenticator.LEGACY_CREDENTIALS_TABLE));
+        
DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaConstants.AUTH_KEYSPACE_NAME,
 CassandraRoleManager.LEGACY_USERS_TABLE));
+        
DROPPABLE_SYSTEM_TABLES.add(DataResource.table(SchemaConstants.AUTH_KEYSPACE_NAME,
 CassandraAuthorizer.USER_PERMISSIONS));
     }
 
     // Current user for the session
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@ public class ClientState
 
         // Access to built in functions is unrestricted
         if(resource instanceof FunctionResource && resource.hasParent())
-            if 
(((FunctionResource)resource).getKeyspace().equals(SystemKeyspace.NAME))
+            if 
(((FunctionResource)resource).getKeyspace().equals(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME))
                 return;
 
         checkPermissionOnResourceChain(perm, resource);
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ public class ClientState
             return;
 
         // prevent system keyspace modification
-        if (Schema.isSystemKeyspace(keyspace))
+        if (SchemaConstants.isSystemKeyspace(keyspace))
             throw new UnauthorizedException(keyspace + " keyspace is not 
user-modifiable.");
 
         // allow users with sufficient privileges to alter KS level options on 
AUTH_KS and

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/EmbeddedCassandraService.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git 
a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/EmbeddedCassandraService.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/EmbeddedCassandraService.java
index 659d851..2515259 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/EmbeddedCassandraService.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/EmbeddedCassandraService.java
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ package org.apache.cassandra.service;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 
-import org.apache.cassandra.service.CassandraDaemon;
-
 /**
  * An embedded, in-memory cassandra storage service that listens
  * on the thrift interface as configured in cassandra.yaml
@@ -48,7 +46,8 @@ public class EmbeddedCassandraService
 
     public void start() throws IOException
     {
-        cassandraDaemon = new CassandraDaemon();
+        cassandraDaemon = CassandraDaemon.instance;
+        cassandraDaemon.applyConfig();
         cassandraDaemon.init(null);
         cassandraDaemon.start();
     }

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/MigrationManager.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/MigrationManager.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/MigrationManager.java
index 7eac678..89933a3 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/MigrationManager.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/MigrationManager.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.Stage;
 import org.apache.cassandra.concurrent.StageManager;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.ViewDefinition;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.UDAggregate;
 import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.functions.UDFunction;
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ public class MigrationManager
             return;
         }
 
-        if (Schema.emptyVersion.equals(Schema.instance.getVersion()) || 
runtimeMXBean.getUptime() < MIGRATION_DELAY_IN_MS)
+        if (SchemaConstants.emptyVersion.equals(Schema.instance.getVersion()) 
|| runtimeMXBean.getUptime() < MIGRATION_DELAY_IN_MS)
         {
             // If we think we may be bootstrapping or have recently started, 
submit MigrationTask immediately
             logger.debug("Submitting migration task for {}", endpoint);

http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra/blob/9797511c/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/StartupChecks.java
----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/StartupChecks.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/StartupChecks.java
index edb63ce..83971dd 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/StartupChecks.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/service/StartupChecks.java
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.CFMetaData;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.DatabaseDescriptor;
 import org.apache.cassandra.config.Schema;
+import org.apache.cassandra.config.SchemaConstants;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.Directories;
 import org.apache.cassandra.db.SystemKeyspace;
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ public class StartupChecks
             // we do a one-off scrub of the system keyspace first; we can't 
load the list of the rest of the keyspaces,
             // until system keyspace is opened.
 
-            for (CFMetaData cfm : 
Schema.instance.getTablesAndViews(SystemKeyspace.NAME))
+            for (CFMetaData cfm : 
Schema.instance.getTablesAndViews(SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME))
                 ColumnFamilyStore.scrubDataDirectories(cfm);
 
             try

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