-Caveat Lector-

AIDS devastates Thailand's children
Copyright © 1999 Nando Media
Copyright © 1999 Reuters News Service

By ANCHALEE KOETSAWANG

BANGKOK, Thailand (June 1, 1999 12:30 p.m. EDT http://www.nandotimes.com) -
Kanika dreams of being a famous singer one day. But the 5-year-old, whose
name means flower in Thai, has AIDS and may not make it into her teens, let
alone the music industry.

Doctors say the bright-eyed Thai orphan will soon become a pale shadow of her
former self as the disease passed on to her by her now deceased parents takes
hold. She will probably die a lonely death in the government-run orphanage in
Bangkok she shares with 40 other children in the same predicament.

The Phyathai Babies Home also provides a home for children whose parents have
died of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome but who themselves are not
infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

The number of AIDS orphans has grown sharply in recent years in Thailand,
experts say, as more mothers have become infected and given birth to children
like Kanika. The Health Ministry has forecast that the number of Thai
orphans, with AIDS or without AIDS, from infected parents will nearly double
to 86,000 by the year 2000 from 44,469 in 1997.

A senior official at the ministry's AIDS division says the projection is
conservative, and the actual figure could be much higher. More than 900,000
people in Thailand are infected with HIV, according to ministry figures using
data from 1984.

Rachanee Raibarb, a superintendent at Phyathai, says the social and financial
costs of the orphans' welfare are substantial. Orphans with AIDS have to be
treated in carefully disinfected facilities staffed by trained nannies.

Medicines, such as AZT, are also costly. The medicine will prolong their
lives but cannot save them.

Rachanee is particularly concerned about the non-AIDS orphans under her care.
"Despite all the efforts to save the infected orphans, we will eventually
lose them. It is heart-breaking, but it is a fact of life that we around here
have to cope with," she said.

"But what is more heart breaking is trying to get HIV-negative orphans from
deceased AIDS parents adopted. The orphanage is not a place for such
children. Our problem is once the prospective adoptive parents know the
background of the children, they don't want to have anything to do with
them."

Sayomporn Sirinavin, a doctor at Bangkok's Ramathibodi Hospital who has
worked with AIDS orphans, says prejudice and blind fear of AIDS are the key
factors that have driven the noninfected orphans into orphanages.

"These children have relatives, but some of these relatives are forced to
take the children to orphanages because of social pressure," she said.

"Once neighbors know their parents have died of AIDS, the aunties and uncles
who take care of them will be ostracized. If they are in business, especially
food, their businesses could collapse because of the stigma. It is that
serious."

A health ministry official said: "In many cases it is the grandparents who
take care of the children. There is always a constant financial worry. To
feed these children is enough of a challenge, let alone educating them."

Sayomporn said the government was trying to solve the AIDS orphans problem at
its root by campaigning for couples to have thorough medical checks before
marriage or having a baby.

"More and more unsuspecting housewives have become victims because of their
insensitive husbands. Once these infected mothers get pregnant, we try to
save their babies," she said.

"Sometimes we can save the babies who will soon become orphans. Sometimes we
lose them both. The best way is to nip the problem in the bud, and that is
what we are trying to do."

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